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BULLETIN 

OF THE 

BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB, 

PERCY R. LOWE. 

VOEUME XE V. 
SESSION 1924-1925, 

LONDON: 
WITHERBY & CO., 326 HIGH HOLBORN. 

1925. 


PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, 
RED LICN COURT, FLEET STREET. 


PREFACK, 

—__4¢———_. 

Tue total number of attendances at the meetings of the 
Club during the past Session was 351 members and 83 
guests, a total of 434. This compares favourably with 
recent Sessions. 

In the preface to the 1923-24 volume of the ‘ Bulletin’ 
we called attention to what appeared to be a tendency to 
a diminution in the number of new forms described, 
expressing at the same time a hope that this indicated an 
approach to something nearing finality in the discovery and 
naming of subspecies, and that it was not merely correlated 
with a temporary diminution of activity in collecting. In 
that Session 55 subspecies had been described in the 
‘Bulletin, as compared with 136 in the previous volume. 
In the Session just completed 54 have been described. Tor 
these Mr. N. B. Kinnear, Mr. J. Delacour, and Mr. Stuart 
Baker have been chiefly responsible, Mr. Kinnear’s work 
being concerned with a Tonkin collection made by Mr. H. 
Stevens on behalf of the Godman-Salvin and Percy Sladen 
Trust, Mr. Delacour’s with the birds collected on his recent 
Indo-China Expedition, and Mr. Stuart Baker’s with his 
researches connected with his book on the ‘ Birds of India.’ 
Capt. H.S. Stoneham has also described new birds from 
Central Africa. 

Apart from this, the Session was marked by Major 
Cheesman’s very interesting account of his Arabian expedi- 
tion to the Great South Desert ; by an address given by 
Prof, P. P. Suskhin on his proposed classification of the 
Fringillide ; by the exhibition by Mr. H. Witherby of the 
eges of the Common Snipe taken in Portugal and sent 
to him by Mr. Geoffrey Tait ; and the exhibition by Prince 
Taka-Tsukasa of Pseudotadorna cristata Kuroda. 

(Signed) PERCY R. LOWE, 
Editor. 

London, July 1926. 
ar 


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RULES 

OF THE 

BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB, 
(As amended, October 8th, 1924.) 

<p 

I. This Club was founded for the purpose of facilitating the 
social intercourse of Members of the British Ornithologists’ 
Union. Any Member of that Union can become a Member 
of this Club on payment (to the Treasurer) of an entrance 
fee of One Pound and a subscription of One Guinea for 
the current Session. Resignation of the Union involves 
resignation of the Club. 

II. Members who have not paid their subscriptions before 
the last Meeting of the Session, shall cease, ipso facto, to be 
Members of the Club, but may be reinstated on payment of 
arrears. 

III. Ordinary Members of the British Ornithologists’ 
Union may be introduced as Visitors at the Meetings of 
the Club, but every Member of the Club who introduces 
a Member of the B. O. U. as a Visitor (to the dinner or 
to the Meeting afterwards) shall pay One Shilling to the 
Treasurer on each occasion. 

IV. No gentleman shall be allowed to attend the Meetings 
of the Club as a guest on more than three occasions during 
any single Session ; and no former Member who has been 
removed for non-payment of subscription or any other cause 
shall be allowed to attend as a guest. Ladies are not 
admitted as guests. 

V. The Club shall meet, as a rule, on the Second 
Wednesday in every Month, from October to June inclusive, 
at such hour and place as may be arranged by the Committee. 
But should such Wednesday happen to be Ash Wednesday, 
the Meeting will take place on the Wednesday following. 
At these Meetings papers upon ornithological subjects shall 
be read, specimens exhibited, and discussion invited. 

VI. An Abstract of the Proceedings of the B. O. C. shall 
be printed as scon as possible after each Meeting, under the 
title of the ‘ Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club.’ 
and distributed gratis to every Member who has paid his 
subscription. Copies of this Bulletin shall be published and 
sold at Two Shillings each to Members. 

Descriptions of new species may be added to the last 
page of the ‘ Bulletin,’ although such were not communi- 
eated at the Meeting of the Club. This shall be done at 
the discretion of the Editor and so Jong as the publication 
of the ‘ Bulletin’ is not unduly delayed thereby. 


VI 

Any person speaking at a Meeting of the Club shall be 
allowed subsequently to amplify his remarks in the 
‘ Bulietin’; but no fresh matter shall be incorporated with 
such remarks. 

VII. The affairs of this Club shall be managed by a 
Committee, to consist of the Chairman, who shall be elected 
for three years, at the end of which period he shall not be 
eligible for re-election for the next term, the Editor of the 
* Bulletin,’ who shall be elected for five years, at the end of 
which period he shall not be eligible for re-election for the 
next term, the Secretary and Treasurer, who shall be elected 
for a term of one year, but shall be eligible for re-election, 
with four other Members, the senior of whom shall retire 
each year; every third year the two senior Members shall 
retire and two others be elected in their place. Officers and 
Members of the Committee shall be elected by the Members 
of the Club at a General Meeting, and the names of such 
Officers and Members of Committee, nominated for the 
ensuing year, shall be circulated with the preliminary notice 
convening the General Meeting at least two weeks before 
the Meeting. Should any Member wish to propose another 
candidate, the nomination of such, signed by at least two 
Members, must reach the Secretary at least one clear week 
before the Annual General Meeting. 

Amendments to the Standing Rules of the Club, as well 
as very important or urgent matters, shall be submitted to 
Members, to be voted upon at a General Meeting. 

VIII. A General Meeting of the B.O.C. shall be held 
on the day of the October Meeting of each Session, and the 
Treasurer shall present thereat the Balance-sheet and 
Report ; and the election of Officers and Committee, in so far 
as their election is required, shall be held at such Meeting. 

IX. Any Member desiring to make a complaint of the 
manner in which the affairs of the Club are conducted must 
communicate in wiiting with the Chairman, who will call a 
Committee Meeting to deal with the matter. 

COMMITTEE 1924-1025. 

H. F. Wiernersy, Chairman. Elected 1924. 

Dr. P. R. Lows, Editor of the ‘ Bulletin’ FElected 1920. 
Dr. G. C. Low, Hon. Secretary and Treasurer. Elected 1923. 
D. A. Bannerman. Elected 1922. 

H. M. Wauuts. Elected 1923. 

C. B. TiceHurst. Elected 1924. 

C. OLtpHam. Elected 1924. 


Officers of the British Ornithologists’ Club, 
Past and Present. 

Chairmen. 
P. L. SctatEer, F.R.S. 1892-1913. 
Lord RotruscuHixp, F.R.S. 1913-1918. 
W. L. ScLatTEr. 1918-1924. 
H. F. WItvHERpsy. 1924— 
Editors. 
R. BowD1LER SHARPE. 1892-1904, 
W. R. OGILVIE-GRANT. 1904-1914. 
D. A. BANNERMAN. 1914-1915. 
D. Seru-SMITH. 1915-1920. 
Dr. P. R. Lowe. 1920- 

Honorary Secretaries and Treasurers. 

HowarpD SAUNDERS. 1892-1899. 
W. E. DE WINTON. 1899-1904. 
H. F. WiTHEReY. 1904-1914. 
Dr. P. R. Lowe. 1914-1915. 
C. G. TaLtBor-PoNnsonBy. 1915-1918. 
D. A. BANNERMAN. 1918-1919. 
Dr. Purirp Gosse. 1919-1920. 
J. L. Bonnore. 1920-1922 

C. W. MackwortrH-PRAED. 1922-1923 
Dr. G. C. Low. 1923- 


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25 

LIST OF MEMBERS. 

JUNE 1925. 
— 

Avams, Erynst E. ; Lloyd’s, Royai Exchange, E.C. 3. 
Atexanper, H. G.; 78 Gibbins Road, Selly Oak, Birmingham. 
Artin, Otiver Vernon; Stonehill House, Bloxham, Banbury, Oxon. 
ARDERN, LAWRENCE; 7 Sussex Place, Regent’s Park, N.W.1. 
Arnotp, E. C.; The College, Eastbourne. 
ArunveL, Major W. B.; High Ackworth, Pontefract, Yorks. 
Baity, W. Suore; Boyers House, Westbury, Wilts. 
Baxer, Coartes E.; Elm Cottage, Snaresbrook, Essex, E. 11. 
Baxer, E. C. Stuart, J.P., F.Z.8., F.L.S.; 6 Harold Road, Upper 
Norwood, 8.E. 19. 
Bannerman, Davip A., M.B.E., B.A., F.R.S.E. (Committee); British 
Museum (Natural History), S.W.7, and 60 Addison Road, W. 14. 
Barrineton, Frepericx J. F.; University College Hospital Medical 
School, Gower Street, W.C. 1. 
Barnes, Grorcs K.; 10 Elvaston Place, Queen’s Gate, S.W. 7. 
Best, Miss M. G. 8.; 123 Cheyne Walk, Chelsea, S.W. 10. 
Beven, Dr. Joun O.; Kisit, Kenya Colony, Hast Africa. 
Braavw, F. E., C.M.Z.S. ; Gooilust, s'Graveland, Hilversum, Noord- 
Holland. 
Bosrinsky, Count A.; 10 Marble Arch, W. 1. 
Boorman, 8.; Heath Farm, Send, Woking, Surrey. 
Boora, H. B.; ‘“ Ryhill,” Ben Rhydding, Yorks. 
Borrer, C. D.; 6 Durham Place, Chelsea, 8.W. 3. 
Boyp, A. W.; Frandley House, near Northwich. 
Braprorp, A. D.; Garsten House, near Watford. 
Braprorpd, Sir J. Rosz, K.C.M.G., M.D., F.R,C.P. F.R.S.; 8 Man- 
chester Square, W.1. 
Brain, Dr. W. Russert; 14 Livingtone Mansions, Queen’s Club 
Gardens, W. 14. 
Bristowe, B. A. ; Ashford Farm, Stoke D’Abernon, Cobham, Surrey. 
Brown, Grorcr; Rasagalla, Balangoda, Ceylon, and The Close, 
Purton, Swindon, Wilts. 
Bounyarp, P. F., F.Z.S.; 57 Kidderminster Road, Croydon. 
Burier, Artuur L.; St. Leonard’s Park, Horsham, Sussex. 
Buxton, Antuony; Knighton, Buckhurst Hill, Essex. 


30 

ah) 

40 

45 

50 

DD 

x 

Cuance, KE. P.; 9 Hay Hill, Berkeley Square, W. 1. 

Cuoapman, F. M.; American Museum of Natural History, New 
York, U.S.A. 

Cuarteris, Hon. G. L.; 26 Catherine Street, Buckingham Palace 
Road, 8. W. Ll. 

Cuasz, R. W.; Herne’s Nest, Bewdley, Worcestershire. 

CueusmMan, Major R. E., O.B.E.; E. India United Service Club, 
16 St. James’s Square, S.W. 1. 

Crarksn, Brig.-General Goranp van Hott, C.M.G., D.S.0. F.Z.S. ; 
Brook House, Ardingly, Sussex. 

CuarKe, Joon P. Srepuunson; Borde Hill, Cuckfield, Sussex. 

CuarkE, Col. Srepuenson Roser, C.B., F.Z.S.; Borde Hill, Cuck- 
field, Sussex. 

Crarkn, Writrram Eaetz, LL.D., F.R.S.E., F.L.S.; 8 Grosvenor 

. Street, Edinburgh. 

Cocurane, Captain Henry L., R.N. (Retd.); The Chase, Whaddon, 
Bletchley, Bucks. 

Cotzs, Ricnarp Epwarp; Rosebank, New Milton, 8.0., Hants. 

Cottetr, A. K.; Oxford and Cambridge Club, Pall Mall, 8.W. 1. 

Cottier, Coartes, F.Z.S.; Bridge House, Culmstock, Devon. 

Coutart, Nevitte; Guild Cottage, Epsom. 

Congreve, Major, W. M., M.C.; Hafod, Trefnant, Denbighshire. 

Cox, Denis; The Old Cottage, Brockham, Surrey. 

Cox, Major-Gen. Sir Percy Z., G.C.LE., G.C.M.G., K.C.S.L. ; 
c/o Grindlay & Co., 54 Parliament Street, S.W. 1. 

Curtis, Freprrics, F.R.C.S.; Alton House, Redhill, Surrey. 

Davipsor, J., F.Z.S.; 32 Drumsheugh Gardens, Edinburgh. 

Deane, Rozert H.; Highlands, Iver Heath, Bucks. 

Detacour, M. Jean; Chateau de Cleres (Seine-Inf.), France. 

Detmi-Rapcurrre, Lieut.-Col. A.; Shenley House, Headcorn, 
Kent. 
Detut-Rapoturrr, Lieut.-Col. H., F.Z.8., F R.G.S.; ¢/o Lloyds 
Bank (Cox & Co.’s Branch), F. Dept., 6 Pall Mall, §.W. 1. 
Dewnoursr, Captain F. W., Royal Marine L.I.; Elmwood, North 
End, Hampstead, N.W. 3. 

Dosre, Wittiam Hayry, M.R.C.S.; 2 Hunter Street, Chester. 

Exuis, H. Wittoversy, F.Z.S., F.E.S., F.G.S.; 3 Lancaster Place, 
N.W. 3. 

Evans, Arntour Humsie, M.A., D.Sc., F.Z.S.; 9 Harvey Road, 
Cambridge. | 

Ezra, A., O.B.E., F.Z.S.; Foxwarren Park, Cobham, Surrey. 


60 

65 

7O 

(6 

80 

85 

XE 

Frniivson, Horacr W., F.Z.8.; 5 Rosamond Road, Bedford. 

Fisuer, Kennetu ; School House, Oundle, Northamptonshire. 

Fremine, James M.; Dildawn, Queen Edith’s Way, Cambridge. 

Frowszr, Major 8. 8.; Spencersgreen End, Tring, Herts. 

Foster, Nevin H., F.L.S. ; Hillsborough, Co. Down, Ireland. 

Fronawk, F. W., F.E.S.; 124 Beckenham Road, Beckenham, Kent. 

Fromors-Raxowski, R. J.; 57/58 Langgasse, Danzig, Free State, 
Baltic. 

Goovatt, J. M.; The Nest, Bembridge, Isle of Wight. 

Grant, Capt. C. H. B., F.Z.8.; ¢/o Chief Secretary to the Gevt., 
Dar-es-Salaam, Tanganyika Territory, E. Africa. 

Grry oF Fattopon, Viscount, K.G., P.C., F.Z.S.; Fallodon, Christon 
Bank, R.S.O., Northumberland. 

Grirritu, ArrHUR F.; 3 Evelyn Terrace, Brighton. 

Gurney, G. H., F.Z.S.; Keswick Hall, Norwich, Norfolk. 

Gyxprenstotrr, Count Nits; Royal (Natural History) Museum, 
Stockholm, Sweden. 

Hacutsuxa, The Hon. Masavsr; 10 Grosvenor Square, W.1. 

Hatenu, Grorce Henry Caron, F.Z.S.; Grimsby Hall, Great 
Grimsby, Lincolnshire. 

Harz, Rev. James R., M.A.; Boxley Vicarage, Maidstone, Kent. 

Harpy, Rear-Admiral E. C., R.N.; Ramsden Court House, Stone- 
in-Oxney, near Appledore, Kent. 

Harrison, Dr. James M., D.S.C.; St. Annes, 1 Tub’s Hill, Seven- 
oaks, Kent. 

Hart, 8. H.; Estate Office, Hammonds, Checkendon, Reading. 

Harrert, Ernst, Ph.D., F.Z.S.; The Museum, Tring, Herts. 

’ Hawker, R. M.; Bath Club, Dover Street, W. 1. 

Hersert, Capt. E. G.; The Sports Club, St. James’s Square, S.W. 1. 

Hert, Grorrrry Srccomsr, M.B., F.R.C.S., F.Z.S8.; 86 Brook Street, 
Grosvenor Square, W. 1. 

Hopkinson, Emittus, M.B., D.8.0., F.Z.8.; 45 Sussex Square, 
Brighton, and Bathurst, Gambia, West Africa. 

Horsrirtp, Hersert Kwieutr; Crescent Hill, Filey, Yorkshire. 

Humeareys, Geo. R.; Upton Lodge, Drumcondra, Dublin. 

Inetis, C. McFartane; Natural History Museum, Darjiling, India. 

Ineram, Capt. Cottinewoop; The Grange, Benenden, Cranbrook, 
Kent. 

Jackson, Sir Freperick J., K.C.M.G., C.B., F.Z.S.; 6 Gray’s Inn 
Square, Gray’s Inn, W.C. 

Janson, CoHarLes W.; 6 Hyde Park Square, W. 2. 


go 

95 

I0O 

105 

110 

XII 

Joprine, Linpsay Mriizats, B.A.; Manor Farm, Chesham Bois, Bucks, 

Jourpaln, Rev. F. C. R., M.A.; Appleton Rectory, near Abingdon, 
Berks. 

Kinwzar, Norman B., 0.M.Z.S.; British Museum (Natural History), 
Cromwell Road, 8. W. 7. 

Kross, C. Bopnn; Raffles Museum, Singapore, Straits Settlements. 

La Tovcug, J. D.; St. David’s, Greystones, Co. Wicklow, Ireland. 

Larpiaw, THomas Gepprs ; Halmyre, West Linton, Peeblesshire. 

Lampert, Goprrey C.; Woodcote, Esher, Surrey. 

Lraroyp, A. E.; 6 Lowndes Street, 8.W. 1. 

Lines, G. H.; Richmond Hill, Cheadle, Cheshire. 

Lonestarr, Tom G., M.A., M.D., F.Z.8.; Picket Hull, Ringwood, 
Hants. 

Low, GzorGe C., M.A., M.D., C.M., F.R.C.P., F.Z.8. (Hon. Sec. & 
Treasurer); 86 Brook Street, Grosvenor Square, W. 1. 

Lows,iP.;R.,»0.B.E.,, BuA., (MB, BiG. CE ZS.) (zditor of aie 
‘ Bulletin’); British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell 
Road, 8.W. 7. 

Loyp, Lewis, R. W.; The Look-out, Branscombe, Beer 8.0., Devon. 

Lucas, Nataanist S., M.B., F.Z.S.; 19 Westbourne Terrace, Hyde 
Park, W. 2. 

Lynes, Rear-Admiral Husert, R.N., C.B., C.M.G.; 23 Onslow 
Gardens, S.W. 7. 

Macxenziz, Joun M. D., B.A., C.M.Z.S. ; c/o Messrs. Thos. Cook & 
Son, Rangoon, Burma. 

Mackworrtu-Prarp, C. W., F.Z.S.; 51 Onslow Gardens, 8.W. 7. 

Macmiiian, Captain W. E. F.; 42 Onslow Square, S.W. 7. 

MoNeite, J. H.; Guards’ Club, Brook Street, W. 1. 

Maeratu, Lieut.-Colonel H. A. F.; 43 Grosvenor Road, West- 
minster, 8. W. 1. 

Mawnnerine, Guy; Grove House, Dover. 

Manson-Baur, P. H., D.S8.0.,,MiA., M.D., F.R.C.P.. F.Z.S, 39382 
Weymouth Street, W. 1. 

Massty, Herpert; ivy Lea, Burnage, Didsbury, Manchester. 

Maruews, G. M., F.L.S., F.Z.S. ; Foulis Court, Fair Oak, Hants. 

May, W. Norman, M.D.; The White House, Sonning, Berks. 

MerapEe-Watpo, E. G. B., F.Z.S.; Stonewall Park, Edenbridge, 
Kent. 

Mernerrzuagen, Colonel R., D.S.0O., F.Z.S.; 17 Kensington Park 
Gardens, W. 8. 

Mernerrzpuacen, Mrs. R.; 17 Kensington Park Gardens, W. 8. 


115 

I20 

125 

130 

135 

140 

XIII 

Munn, P. W.; Puerto Alcudia, Majorca, Balearic Isles, Spain. 

Mount, Henry; 10 Ashburn Place, South Kensingten, S.W. 7. 

MussetwuHitt, D. W.; 7 Jessica Road, Wandsworth Common, 
S.W. 18. 

Nzsuam, Roserr, F.Z.8.; Utrecht House, Poynder’s Road, Clapham 
Park, 8.W. 4. 

Newmay, |’. H., F.Z.8S.; Verulam, Forty Lane, Wembley, Middlesex. 

Nicuors, J.B.,F.Z.8.; Parliament Mansions, Victoria Street,S.W. 1. 

Nicoxtt, Micuast J., F.Z.S.; Potman’s Heath, Wittersham, Kent. 

OxipHam, Cuas., F.Z.S. (Committee) ; The Bollin, Shrublands Road, 
Berkhamsted, Herts. 

Owen, Owen R.; Bank House, Knighton, Radnorshire. 

Parkin, Tuomas, M.A., F.LS., F.Z.8.; Fairseat, High Wickham, 

Hastings. 

Prarson, CHaRLes Kpwarp, F.L.S.; Hillcrest, Lowdham, Notting- 
ham. 

Prnrosz, Franos G., M.D., F.Z.8.; Rathkeale, 51 Surrey Road, 
Bournemouth. 

Prrsnousr, Major 8.; Loxbeare House, near Tiverton, Devon. 
Pirman, Capt. C. R. S., D.S8.0., M.C., Game Warden, Entebbe, 
Uganda. 

Prayer, W. J. P.; Wernfadog, Clydach R.S.0., Glamorganshire. 

Porpuam, Hueu Lrysporne, M.A.; Houndstreet House, Pensford, 
Somerset. 

Pricn, A. E., F.Z.8. ; Culverwood House, Little Berkhamsted, Herts. 

Rankin, Agruur Nrartt T.; 48 Eaton Terrace, 8.W. 1. 

Rarciuirr, F. R.; 29 Connaught Square, W. 2. 

Reap, Rosert H.; 8a South Parade, Bedford Park, W. 4. 

Ricxert, C. B., F.Z.S.; 27 Kendrick Road, Reading, Berks. 

Rinerose, Bernard J.; Wilford Rise, Bromeswell Heath, Wood- 
bridge, Suffolk. 

Riviézre, B. B., F.R.C.S8.; St. Giles’s Plain, Norwich. 

Rosinson, H. C., C.M.Z.S.; Selangor State Museum, Kuala Lumpur, 
F.M.S. 

Rorrr, C. H.; Brookfield, Upper Park, Loughton, Essex. 

Roruscsiip, Lionst Warter—Lord, D.Se., F.R.S., Ph.D., F.Z.S. 
(Chairman, 1913-1918); Tring Park, Herts. 

SapswortH, Arno~p Dunr, F.Z.8.; Mulberry Cottage, 24 Elm Tree 
Road, St. John’s Wood, N.W. 8. 

Scrarer, Wittiam Lurvey, M.A., F.Z.8. (Chairman, 1918-1924) ; 
10 Sloane Court, 8. W. 1. 


145 

150 

155 

160 

165 

XIV 

Sconz, The Rt. Hon. Muneo Davin—Lord; Scone Palace, Perth. 

Sera-Sarrn, Davin, F.Z.8.; Curator’s House, Zoological Gardens, 
Regent’s Park, N.W. 8. 

Seron, Sir Matcormm C. C., K.C.B.; 26 Upper Park Road, Haver- 
stock Hill, N.W. 3. 

Sureton, Wa., B.A., M.D.; 2 The Square, Buxton. 

Stapen, Major A. G. L., M.C.; Kingswood House, The Lee, Bucks. 

Smatiry, Freperic W., F.Z.8S.; The Hawthorns, 193 Clapham 
Road, 8.W. 9. 

Snouckarrr van Scnavusure, Baron Rune Cuartrs; c/o Mrs. R. 
Ruys, 36 Frederik Hendriklaan, The Hague, Holland. 

Sparrow, Col. R., C.M.G., D.S.0O., F.Z.8., F.R.G.S.; Rookwoods, 
Sible Hedingham, Essex. 

Starnes, J. W. C.; Portchester, Hants. 

Stevens, Herserr; Clovelly, Beaconsfield Road, Tring, Herts. 

Srewart, 8. F., C.1.E.; 71 Aberdare Gardens, N.W. 6. 

Sroxes, Capt. H. SrrpHzn; Longdon, Rugeley, Staffordshire, 

Stonrnwam, Captain H. F., O.B.E., F.E.S.; The East Surrey 
Demesne, P.O. Charangani, Trans-Nzoia, Kenya Colony, 
British East Africa. 

Sryan, F. W., F.Z.S.; Stone Street, near Sevenoaks. 

Swann, H. Krrez, F.Z.S.; Thorncombe, Lyonsdown Road, New 
Barnet, Herts. 

Swrynnerton, C. F. Massy; Poste Restante, Dar-es-Salaam, 
Tanganyika Territory, East Africa. 

Taxa-TsuxasA, H.H. Prince Nosusuxe; 106 Honmuracho, Aza- 
buku, Tokyo, Japan, and 39 Kensington Park Gardens, W.11. 

TatBot-Ponsonsy, C. G.; 5 Crown Office Row, Temple, E.C. 4. 

Tuomas, Mrs. R. Hate ; Greenways, Sevenoaks, Kent. 

THorrr, W. H.; 5 Regency Mansions, Hastings. 

Ticrnurst, Craup B., M.A., M.D. (Committee); Grove House, 
Lowestoft, Suffolk. 

Ticrnursz, N. F., O.B.E., M.A., M.B., F.R.C.S., F.Z.S..; 24 Peven- 
sey Road, St. Leonards-on-Sea. 

Tucker, B. W., B.A., F.Z.S.; Caius College, Cambridge. 

Turner, Miss E. L., F.Z.8.; The Half Way Cottage, 13 Storey’s 
Way, Cambridge. 

Torrie, Lancetot J.; Rosemount, Knock, Belfast. 

Tyrwuitt-Draxt, Hues G., F.Z.S.; Cobtree Manor, Sandling, 
Maidstone. 

Vaizey, G. de H.; 36 St. George’s Square, 8.W.1. 


170 

175 

180 

185 

190 
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XV 

Vatpy, E.; 27 Wimbledon Park Road, S.W.18. 

Van Someren, Dr. V. G. L.; c/o Med. Depart. P.O. Box 140, 
Nairobi, B. East Africa. 

Vernay, A.S.; 12 East 45th Street, New York. 

Vevers, G. M., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., F.Z.S.; Zoological Gardens, 
Regent’s Park, N.W. 8. 

Waits, Hersertr Witt1am; Superintendent of Police, Jhelum, 
Punjab, India. 

Watxer, Dr. A. Hors; The Common, Cranleigh. 

Watuis, H. M. (Committee); Ashton Lodge, 68 Elmhurst Road, 
Reading. 

Wart, R.; Leafwood, Frant, Tunbridge Wells. 

Wuistter, Hoen, F.Z.S.; Superintendent of Police, Simla, Punjab, 
India. 

Waurraxker, Josep I. 8., F.Z.8.; Malfitano, Palermo, Sicily. 

Wutre, S. J., F.Z.8.; 17 Philpot Lane, E.C.3 

Wuymper, Samvet Luten ; Oriental Club, Hanover Square, W. 1. 

Wutrrnson, Jonnson ; Vermont, Huddersfield, Yorkshire. 

Witiiamson, W. J. F., C.M.G., F.Z.8.; c/o Lloyds Bank, 6 Pall 
Mall, S.W. 1. 

Witson, Cuartes Josera, O.B.E., F.Z.S; 14 Suffolk Street, Pall 
Mall, S.W. 1. 

Wine, J.Stapen ; 21 Cheyne Gardens, Chelsea Embankment, 8. W.3. 

Wirrnersy, Harry F., M.B.E., F.Z.8. (Chairman) ; 326 High Hol- 
born, W.C. 1. 

Wirnerineton, G.; Sumner Plat, Hayward’s Heath. 

Woop, Dr. Cassy A., M.D.; c/o The Library of Ornithology, 
McGill University, Montreal, Canada. 

Workman, Wittiam Hueuss, F.Z.8.; Lismore, Windsor, Belfast. 

Worms, Cuaries pe; Milton Park, Egham, Surrey. 
Wrynz, R. O.; Foulis Court, Fair Oak, Hants. 

New Members for the Session.. 14 
Total number of Members .... Ig1 

NOTICE. 
[Members are specially requested to keep the Hon. Secretary 
informed of any changes in their addresses, and Members 

residing abroad should give early notification of coming home 
on leave. | 


LIST OF AUTHORS 

AND OTHER PERSONS REFERRED TO. 

Page 
ALEXANDER, H. G. 

On the Proposed sale of Dungeness......2..0..0000e00. 99 
AnnuAL DiNER one BAO) Us fle eonow.. eee en we 83 
ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING, PROCEEDINGS OF .....-.008, ‘ 2 
Batty, W. SHORE. 

Exhibition of an egg of a Peacock-Pheasant (Polypectron) . 73 

Exhibition of Lantern-slides of Weaver-Finches ....... ‘ 83 
BakeER, E. C. Stuart. 

Description of a new form of Psaroglossa (P. spiloptera 

assamensis) from the Khasia Hills ............ chelsea either « ah 14 

Descriptions of three new subspecies of Oriental birds:— 

Ploceus manyar peguensis, Munia malacca orientalis, and 

Uroloncha striata subsquamicollis ....ccccecceecaccces aia 58 
Description of a new subspecies of Weaver-bird (Lrythrura 

prasina celica) from Borneo, and proposed new name ( Uro- 

loncha rufiventris) for bird known as U. pectoralis Jerdon .. 84. 
Descriptions of new subspecies of Finches :—Procarduelis 

nipalensis intensicolor, Passer montanus tibetanus .....seeee 92 
Remarks on the genus Sturnopastor and description of a 

new subspecies (Sturnopastor capensis dehr@) ....cceeeees 103 
Correction re Passer montanus tibetanus=P. m. obscuratus . 104 

Exhibition of nests and eggs of Hemiprocne and Batra- 
ChOSbOTVUB I Mie tap args 38.9 9.010 oo as oo» aia 5 ro Ea 7 104. 


XVII 

BALANCE-SHEET, ey o> Ce ee eee eo ne68 OCC Cee eecvanus 

Bannerman, D. A. 
Description of a new species of Bradornis— B. bafirawart, 
foee dupe Land Peoviticd ilies. clei ek eT. cdi el ien 

Binnry,G. See Jourpatn, Rev. F.C. R. 

Bunyarp, P. F. 
Observations on a Cuckoo depositing ege in a Wagtail’s 
Oe ot RE RACE eed ae oi 282 Whee ech riilia/a 6 0s «vi ats 0 '« ole 8 
Exhibition of oak-galls attacked by the Green Wood- 
Peeker (Picus veridis virescens) . cca il ee E EA kaka ed 

Burwer, A. L. | m 
Exhibition of and remarks on a nest of Nyctibius griseus . . 
Exhibition of and remarks on the rare Humming-bird 
(Hodidigesia mirabuisy icici cece ean ceees bree Ey ‘ 

Cuancpr, Epe@ar. 
Criticism of Mr. Bunyard’s remarks on the Cuckoo’s method 
of depositing her eggs in the nest of the foster parent ...... 

CuEEsman, Major R. E. 
Account of his journey, and exhibition of the species col- 
lected in Arabia during the winter of 1923-24 ............ 

—. See TirceHursT, Dr. ©. B. 

ComMiTTEE, Appointment of, to make arrangements to secure 
evidence as to the method of deposition of the egg of the 
SE GOGiy see cee s s, AREA ALA Sassen eaales ex <> eee tens foe 

— Notice:—Method of ot oylie of the eggs of the 
Common Cuckoo....... Bc rept cte ofchagale’ 0! <. dcpaile op viet ofeinre's 

DELACOUR, JEAN, and JABOUILLE, PIERRE. 

Descriptions of twelve new species and subspecies :— 
Tropicoperdix merlini, T. coanacqui, Hierophasis imperialis, 
Polyplectrum chinquis ghigtt, Sphenocercus apicaudus lower, 
Micropternus brachyurus annamensis, Cyornis pallipes banner- 
mani, Garrulax moniliger pasquiert, Criniger tephrogenys 
annumensis, Mixornis kinneari, Cissa chinensis klossi, and 
Atthopyga siparaja mangint from French Indo-China ...... 

WOL. XLV. b 

41 

12 

1138 

111 

40 

40 


XVIII 

DeELAcOUR, JEAN. See ScuatER, W. L. 
DuyeEennss, Proposed sale of ....0-2). 02 is cw cpniae nals a 

GitBerT, Capt. H. A. See SuapEen, Major A. G. L. 

Gieae, W. E. 

Exhibition of Lantern-slides of birds from the Camargue.. 

Gopon, SETON. 
Exhibition of Lantern-slides of the Golden Eagle 

Hacutsuxa, Hon. Masavgt1. 

Exhibition on behalf of Prince N. Taka-Tsukasa of an 
example of Pseudotadorna cristata ......... Seetets is sie na 

Hartert, Dr. E. 

Description of a new species from Madagascar (Neomixis 
flavoviridis) 

eeceeevveeveeveee eo HMAeeseeeevseeve eee eeeeseeeee ee ee o 

Exhibition and description of a new subspecies of Desert 
Lark (Ammomanes deserti paynt) 

Description of a new subspecies of Hornbill (Rhyticeros 
plicatus mendane) from the Solomon Islands........ pjimoniet 

Remarks on Pseudotadorna cristata ........ 4 

Proposed new name Oriolus chinensis macassariensis for 
O. c. meridionalis Hartert (preoccupied) ....... 

ee€oeeeeoe @ 

—. See Rotuscuixp, Lord. 

Hrneston, Major R. G. 

Exhibition of Lantern-slides of the Mount Everest Expe- 
dition 1923-24 

JABOUILLE, PIERRE, See DELACOUR, JEAN, 

JouRDAIN, Rev. F. C. R. 

Exhibition on behalf of Mr. G. Binney of eggs of the 
Ivory Gull (Pagophila eburnea) from Spitzbergen . 

escotovee 

Remarks on the Cirl Bunting as a foster-parent of the 
Capon men nmin tise.» nih > aos sis riecttink Siieeiiete pin ’y qn ee 

Remarks on oak-galls attacked by the Green Woodpecker , 

Page 

99 

83 

83 

46 

35 

36 

46 
48 

90 

60 

12 

12 
114 


XIX 

Kinnear, N. B. 
Remarks on some Indian birds with proposed new names :— 
Timalia pileata intermedia and Pnoepyga albiventer pallidior 

Descriptions of new races of birds from Tonkin :—Scheni- 
parus rufogularis stevensi, Thringorhina guttata diluta, and 
Drymocataphus tickelli olivaceus ...cee.. ce eaes ce ters Oe 

Exhibition of two specimens of a Ruby-throat ( Calliope 
Peavey frOm! DOWRIMEMROCU e722. beet we ces see cee nn eee’ 
Exhibition and description of a new form of Swallow 
(Hirinvodaurica vernayt) from Siam... .. 1.6. ee cee eee - 

Correction re Garrulax pectoralis subsuffusa and Tephro- 
CREPES VETIOYY 6 .. oinin > » che sso a'eis-ein yee 6 Ae ee Sere 

Descriptions of new. races of birds from Tonkin—Turdi- 
nulus epilepidotus, Actinodura ramsayt minor, Turdinulus 
brevicaudatus stevensi, Yuhina gularis sordidiwr, and Mesia 

MEETS PUBL OGUIOIES: «55 x wiigaie tno: akeichsldis a sleiwlelalehe ®ve vis ‘ 

Correction re Tephrodornis gularis annectens Robinson and 

NETL yey ee ee kilos cued vee ater. 

Descriptions of new subspecies (Zephrodornis gularis 
latouchet and Pyrotrogon erythrocephalus intermedius) from 

oT LSETE eget ala 0G Mi ES ele oe i ae a A : 

Kvropa,'N. 
Descriptions of three new races from the Kurile Islands, 
Hokkaido, and Formosa :-—Lagopus mutus kurilensis, Passer 
rutilans kikuchit, and Certhia familaris ernstt ... 0.6 cece 

Low, Dr. G. C. 
Exhibition of a series of skins of the Dunlin (Cah Tris 
alpina alpina) and remarks on the validity of C. a. schinziv.. 

Mower, Dr. P. R. 
Remarks on a Peacock-Pheasant (Polyplectron)..........4 

Description of a new subspecies of Shearwater (Pu/ffinus 
meerncus wiitney:) from Fiji [sland cave vec is ci ete a elecees 

Lynus, Admiral H. 
An account of his ornithological journey in the Sots 
COUMan yecmmOUtr ALOTOULO, i. ceive set ee eos ee nae 

Page 

10 

int 

27 

28 

73 

105 

40 

106 


xX 

MaruEws, G. M 

Description of a new Manucode from Cape York (Phony- 
GAMMUS YOrKi). 0. serarveeves Sac iatakey arena teieeata kona ater a ng 

Froposed new names :—Lthelornis mouki keri, Mastersornis 
ruficolis gouldt, and Gelochelidon nilotica cloatest ... 

Proposed the new generic name Philesturnus for the Saddle- 
back of New Zealand)... sj.../<i.. mole mies ota lajer's (50 ls ae 

Proposed new names (Monarcha cinerascens nova and 
Zosterops lateralis mugga) and new genera (Piezormona, 
Hylocitrea, Graucasoma, and Duyvena) .... 

eoececeeeo ee te eee es 

Nomenclatural notes:—Rorotonga, Mohohina, Pseudo- 
moho, Magumma, Gummyza, Devieca, Addeca, Trocheliyone, 
Pachyctlodryas, Cryptigata, Monarchalba, Monarcharses, 
Lorimonarcha, Chloromanarcha, Neopomarea, Proceriolotes, 
Calliptilus vailianti, nom, nov., and Alphaphilemon, gg. nn... 

Nomenclatural notes:—Turdus ruficeps Ramsay to re- 
place Merula bicolor Layard; Lamprolia [victoria] kline- 
smithi Ramsay to replace Lamproha minor Layard; and 
Xanthotis chrysotis Lesson to replace X. flaviventer 

Nomenclatural notes :—Manucorax and Chlamygama, 
go. nn.; Broderipus chinensis rieyt, nom. Nov. .... es 

MEINFRTZHAGEN, Mrs. 

Remarks on Turdus coburnt .......00. ; 

O_pHAM, C, 

Remarks on oak-galls attacked by the Lesser Spotted 
Woodpecker 
Pixs, OLIVER G. 

Exhibition of a cinema-film of the Cuckoo and a series of 
Cinema pictures of birds in flight shown in slow motion .. 
Rankin, A. N. T. 

Exhibition of Lantern-slides of birds from Spitzbergen 

RorTuscui.p, Lord. 

Hixhibition of Centropus violaceus from New Ireland 

eeeee 

Exhibition of a “ Hairy Moorhen” 

Proposed new name (Muscicapa collini) for M. blythi, 
Roths. (preoccupied) ...... 

Page 

l'y’g 
41 

75 

86 

93 

98 

114 

83 

83 

90 


XXI 

RoTuscHILD, Lord, and Hartert, Dr. E. 
Description of two new species from New Ireland (Domi- 
cella albidinucha and Philemon eichhornt) ..cccccesecees aie 

Rotss, Alteration of..... aanatete ease. 7 estes Janu Annem tele 

ScriateR, W. L. 

Vote of thanks to, on retirement as Chairman .........4. 

Remarks on the races of the Red-winged Starling (Onycho- 
gnathus morio), with figures of heads .........e.seeeeeees 

On the validity of Oreomyzas riist Hartl. ..........00. , 

Observations on the genus Pedilorhynchus, with description 
of a new subspecies (P. comitatus aximensis) ......000. . 

Revision of the genus Batis, with a key to the species .. 

, on behalf of M. Jean Detacour, exhibited some eggs of 
Mierophasis edwardst ...... eee toe Oreo Fie vole odes 

Seru-Smiru, D. 

Exhibition of Lantern-slides of the nuptial display of the 
Argus Pheasant ...... CSIP Rite SMa siete a 

SLADEN, Major A. G. L. 

Election of, to the Committee ...... ‘ 

Exhibition, on behalf of Capt. A. GitBErt, of photographs 
of the Golden Plover in breeding-plumage...... . 

SroNEHAM, Capt. H. F. 

Descriptions of new races of African birds:—Tchitrea 
albiventris, Gymnorhis pyrgita kakamarie, Eremomela 
Jlaviventris sudane, E. f. sahare, and £. f. karamojensis ; 
and remarks on Ortolus monachus and Hyphantornis 
RCA PE err MEM dh cede Aa5 wien a) 6 dia, 6's Fy anise ley ew eLd/R wd 

Susukin, Prof. P. P. 

Exhibition and remarks on coloured photographs of Falco 
altuicus Menzb. : 

© ee oC Ce € COG 8. 6g COG 66.6 6, BK. O70 6) 6.0.0.6 .0. 0 6 6,4 0-2-0 

Résumé of the taxonomical results of his morphological 
study of the Fringillide and allied groups, with illustrations 
of the soft palates of Carpodacus erythrinus, Passer domes- 
ticus, and Emberiza citrinella ... sce. cecee 

Page 

83 

59 

76 

18 

36 


XXIT 

SuSHKIN, Prof. P. R. (cont.). 
Exhibition of eges collected by himself in the Altai and 

IWdMion alia. cx... .r es oye cide eae nm ee 2d ‘ 
Exhibition of specimens of Budytes flava leucocephala and 
Leucoshicte: Mar garvrvlacea. sce e's sees eee esasces ate 9 os ‘ 

Swann, H. Kirke. 
Exhibition, on behalf of Dr. Caszy Woop, of a series of 
Fruit-Pigeons fromibigi.. (aaa aleth ee haan thee . 

On the races of the Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaétos) .... 
Remarks on the races of Gypaétus barbatus ..... cece cee 

Exhibition and remarks on a Tawny Kagle (Aquila rapax 
cullens stromRumamids ii.’ , eis cette ee aame twine stes bese s 

Taka-Tsukasa, Prince N. See Hacuisuxa, Hon. Masavst. 

Ticenvrst, Dr. C. B. 
Election of, to the Committee .........scccceens gio easel 

, and CHEESMAN, Major R. E. 
Descriptions of new races from Central Arabia :—Prinia 
gracilis hufuye, Passer domesticus hufufe, and Ammomanes 

POSCHEL WIE ais dic Sada he Re he Ob eee 

Description of a new subspecies of Finch-Lark (Pyrrhu- 
lauda grisea stecata) from Deca, an sic t--\ sedetietey eens one 

Exhibition and remarks on Redwings from ‘Iceland..... ‘ 

Remarks on the Bearded Reedling (Panurus biarmicus) .. 

WHISTLER, HuGu. 
Description of a new subspecies of Firecap (Cephalopyrus 
flammiceps saturatus) from Native Sikkim..............-. 

WirTHERBY, H. F. 
ection ol, as Chairman sieve shies ic cints a Geet os Meee 

Exhibition of a Spotted Flycatcher collected at Bitye, 
BV es irdets fi betelcs ck iiies cutee ei. tet aon ate BD testo 

Chairman’s Annual Address ...........0ee00¢ Saas 08 oe aaah 

Exhibition of portions of egg-shells of the Common Snipe 
(Capella gallinago) taken at Chaves, N. Portugal ........ 

Woop, Dr. Casgy. See Swann, H. Kirke, 

Page 

39 

40 

18 
64 
84 

110 

RS) 

110 


a 7 
“3 nt? 
a 
an 2 ree 

3 = Novio24 

ae — , iS 4 ; 
A... *RULLETIN 
¢ * 7 : , f} Rs 

SUR A Luis OF THE 

PeltisH -ORNI-EHOLOGISTS’: CLUB. 
No. CCXC. 

Tae two-hundred-and-eighty-sixth Meeting of the Club 
was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48, Great Portland 
Street, W.,on Wednesday, October 8th, 1924. 

Chairman: H. F. WITHERBY. 

Members present: —W. Suore Batty; H. C. Stuart 
Baker; D. A. Bannerman; H. B. Bootu; C. D. Borrnmr ; 
G. Brown; P. F. Bunyarp; A. L. Butter; R. HE. CHess- 
MAN; Capt. H. L. Cocurane, R.N.; Major-Gen. Sir Percy 
Cox; Col. A. Detm#-Ratctirre; Major 8S. 8. Flower ; 
The Hon. Masavst Hacuisuka; Dr. E. Hartert; Dr. E. 
Hopkinson; L. M. Jopiinc; Rev. F. C. R. Jourpain ; 
N. B. Kinnear; G. C. Lampert; Dr. G. C. Low (Hon. 
Sec. & Treas.); Dr. P. R. Lown (Editor) ; J. H. McNett ; 
ft.-Col. H. A. F. Macrata; G. Mannerineg; Dr. P. 
Mawnson-Baur ;s G. M. Matuews sy E.G. B. Mrape-Wa.po; 
Col. & Mrs. MernerrzHacen ;x H. Mount; T. H. Newman; 
C. OtpHAm; C. E. Pearson; ©. B. Rickert; Lord Roru- 
SCHILD; W. L. Scuater; D. Seru-Smira; Major A. G. L. 
SLADEN; H. Kirke Swann; W. H. Tuorre; G. de H. 

{ October 29th, 1924.1 a VOL, XLy. 


Vol. xlv.] 2 

Vaizey; H. W. Warre; H. M. Wauuis; H. Waistier ; 
W. J. F. Wittiamson sy J. ShAapEN Wine; W. H. Work- 
MAN; C. de Worms. ; 

Guests :—Prince Taxa-Tsukasa ; Capt. D. Ape, Smiru; 
Capt. H. 8. Sroxes ; Professor P. P. SusHKin. 

ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING. 

Tis was held at Pagani’s Resturant, Great Portland 
Street, immediately preceding the dinner, 

Mr. W. L. Scuavrer in the Chair. 

The Minutes of the last General Meeting were read and 
confirmed. 

The Balance Sheet, which had already been printed and 
circulated, was laid before the Meeting. This was duly 
passed. Major SLADEN proposed a vote of thanks to the 
Treasurer for the very satisfactory nature of the balance at 
the Bank, and said that the finances of the Club now seemed 
to be on a sound basis. 

Mr. H. F. WirHersy, recommended by the Committee for 
tle post of Chairman, in place of Mr. W. L. Sclater whose 
time of office had expired, was unanimously elected. 

Dr. C. B. Ticrnurst and Mr. Cuartes OLDHAM were 
elected members of the Committee in place of Major Sladen 
and Colonel Stephenson R. Clarke, who retired this year 
through seniority. 

A proposal from the Committee that the tenure of the 
Chairmanship should be reduced from five to three years was, 
after some discussion, agreed to. The Secretary was in- 
structed to change the Rules to this effect. 

The CHAIRMAN mentioned that the Committee had discussed 
a letter received by the Hon. Secretary from the Rev. J. R. 
Hale as to the possibility of acquiring a room where Members 
could meet each other and consult current literature. <A 
discussion, in which several Members took part, arose as to — 
the desirability of such a step. Finally, Major Sladen 
proposed, and Mr. Kinnear seconded, that the Hon. See. 


[ Vol. xlv. 

"2WO]UN0DIOP pasagLoYyD ‘e°O'G ‘NOGNOT 
‘HLUOMSEA “H MACAW “LHAULY AIUNONVY OF 
“UPMOrOT] soUVpTOSOV UT oq 07 ommes AIGA100 Aqoroy pur ‘“FZGT ‘tequiajdag oy, 
porsed at 1oz qniO systSojoy WAG YSyIIg eT} Jo sdoyonoA pur ‘sydrevaa ‘syooq OU} TFTA JUeMIE}v}s SULOde10} oY} poavduod oavy T S 

EEE EE eee ee ee eee ee ae 

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0b ot "+ yordraosqng sseoxd jo punyoy “ 
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ou 1 “8 aOnseeT], jOspasy ur =" 

6 Fl Zls Poe eeercerescovrces yuregq spoT 48 yseg 66 
rg tereeerreres Noose AyaI0g [vaIsoTooZ ‘ 

@) c Pp Cer esereoresececercenecs n2'0'9 T}TAM Il II OF POP e eee o re eH enesennoneee urjol[Ug Jo so[g “ 
Iauul(] [VNUUY LoJ UtojueyT Jo oarpy “ as ee 

Hy 8 sreeeesrereroeees gosuodxy SnooUry O 4 96L “ StaquIayT JQT—suordraosqng “ 
“[O0SIP. pus ‘esuysog ‘yseg Aqog ‘ 
0 0 8I_ ‘‘sdeqtaosqng meyr Aq soeq couuaquat “ 
° 9 ZIT tristessesseessesesssereeesrereers Togg 
“nqiy4siq, ulayng pue suoyvonqug sg 0 9I 26 PAVBMIOF FQSnOIqG—yueg ye courleg oy, 
eo ae se Saag: YE 2 

"FC6L SIE gsnbny 07 powad lof JuUaUlaqnjy joimuDULT 

‘dNTO SLISIOOTIOHLINYO HSILIUd 


Vol. xlv.] 4 

should be empowered to make enquiries as to the possibility 
of obtaining such a room, the price of same, and other details, 
and that, if necessary, a Special General Meeting of the Club 
should be called to discuss the matter. This was agreed to. 

Mr. G. M. Maruews proposed and Dr. P. R. LowEseconded 
a very hearty vote of thanks to the retiring Chairman, 
Mr. W. L. Sclater, for the able manner in which he had 
filled the post and for the keen interest he had always shown 
in the affairs of the Club. This was carried with acclamation. 

The Meeting then adjourned to Dinner. 
Committee, 1924-25. 

a 

F. Wirnersy, Chairman (elected 1924). 
. Lown, Editor (elected 1920). | 
C. Low, Hon. Sec. § Treasurer (elected 1923). 
A. BANNERMAN (elected 1922). 
M. Wat is (elected 1923). 
B. Ticeuurst (elected 1924). 
OupuHAmM (elected 1924). 

P. 
Ge 
D. 
HH. 
C. 
C. 

Proceedings at the Meeting following the Dinner. 

The CHAIRMAN gave a résumé of the proceedings of the 
General Meeting, and expressed his appreciation of the honour 
which had been done him in electing him to the Chair. 

The CHAIRMAN made sympathetic reference to Mr. C. 
Chubb, whose death had already been announced in the 
‘Bulletin,’ and to Mr. W. R. Ogilvie-Grant, who died on 
July 26. He stated that, although Mr. Ogilvie-Grant had 
retired from active ornithology, owing to his illness, since 
1916, he was well remembered by many of the members, who 
greatly deplored his death. He was an original member of - 
the Club, joining at its inception in 1892 and retiring from 
it in 1918, and contributed largely to its proceedings, 
making many interesting communications and exhibitions. 
He succeeded Dr. Bowdler Sharpe as editor of the ‘ Bulletin’ 
in 1904 and acted in that capacity for ten years. 


5 [ Vol. xlv. 

Mr. Wiruersy exhibited a Spotted Flycatcher which he 
had received in exchange from Mr. G. L. Bates, who had 
collected it at Bitye, West Africa, on April 23,1921. This 
bird exhibited all the characteristics of Muscicapa striata 
balearica, which was the breeding bird of the Balearic 
Islands, and had been described by Dr. von Jordans in 
‘Falco, 1913, p. 43. Mr. Witherby exhibited a specimen 
from Mallorca for comparison. It was quite a good form, 
with the stripes on the forehead whiter, the upper parts 
paler, and the streaks on the breast finer and sparser than in 
the typical form. So far as he knew, the bird had not 
previously been recorded outside its breeding territory, but 
he had found a specimen in the British Museum also collected 
by Mr. Bates on the River Ja on October 28, 1907, which 
appeared to belong to this form. 

Mr. W. L. Scuarer made the following remarks. upon 
the Redwing-Starling, Onychognathus morio :— 

The Redwing-Starling has a wide distribution in Africa 
from Nigeria and Abyssinia to the Cape. In the forest 
country of Western Africa it is replaced by O. fulgidus and 
in the dry country of South-west Africa by O. nabouroup, 
but these are better regarded as distinct species. 

An examination of the large series of O. morio leads me 
to consider that it may be divided into the following races :— 

O. m. Morio [| Zurdus morio Linneus, Syst. Nat. 12th ed. 
i. p. 297, 1766: Cape of Good Hope]. 

Wing of male averaging 140 mm.; tail 135; bill slender, 
about 29 mm. from base , culmen i tip. 

Range. Africa south of the Zambesi, except the S.W. 
African Protectorate and Little Namaqualand. 

O. M. SHELLEYI | Amydrus shelleyt Hartert, Cat. Vogel- 
samm. Mus. Senck. p. 75, 1891: Ugogo]. 

Wing of male averaging 155 mm. ; tail 150; bill distinctly 
stouter, but hardly longer. 

Range. Kenya Colony, Tanganyika Territory and Nyasa- 
land. 


Vol. xlv.] 6 

O. uw. RUEPPELLI [Amydrus rueppelli Verreaux in Chenu, 
Encycl. Méth. v. p. 166, 1856: Abyssinia]. 

Wing of male averaging 160 mm.; tail 160-170; bill 
longer, about 31. 

Range. Confined to Highlands of Abyssinia, ranging east 
to the Ogaden country. 

O..M. NEUMANNI [ Amydrus neumanni Alexander, Bull. 
B. 0. C. xxiii. p. 41, 1908: Petti, N. Nigeria]. 

Wing 155 mm.; tail 155; bill short, stout, and very deep ; 
with a rounded and ridged culmen, about 30 mm. 

Range. Northern Nigeria and the Banso Mts. in N. 
Cameroon east through Darfur to the Nile Valley, where 
the birds are intermediate between this and O. m. shelleyi. 

O.m. MonTANus [Amydrus montanus van Someren, Bull. 
B. 0. C. xl. p. 52, 1919: Mt. Hlgon, at 9000 ft.). 

Billg of: (a) O. m. morio, Durban ; (t) O. m. shelleyi, Ugogo ; (ce) O. m. 
montanus, Mt. Elgon; (d) O. m. neumanni, N. Nigeria; (e) O. m. 
rueppellt, Abyssinia. All approximately natural size. 

Wing 160mm. ; tail 154; billlong and very slender, quite 

different in shape to that of the other races, about 34 mm. 


7 [ Vol. xlv. 

Range. Confined, so far asis known, to the higher elevations 
of Mt. Elgon at 9000 and 10,000 ft. Of this curiously 
isolated race I have only seen the type in the Tring Museum. 
Examples from the base of Mt. Elgon, obtained by Kemp and 
now in the British Museum, must be referred to O. m. 
shelleyt. 

In order to illustrate the remarkable variation in the bills 
of the various races, I have had the sketches made by Mr. 
Grénvold, which show this more closely than any description. 

Lord Roruscuinp and Dr. Ernst Harrert described a 
new species of Lory and Honey-Hater from New Ireland, 
from whence the Tring Museum has received a collection 

made by Albert I’. Hichhorn, as follows :— 

Domicella albidinucha, sp. nov. 

Male and female ad. Entire crown to eyes glossy black, 
behind the black crown a triangular whitish patch, the 
feathers being creamy white at the tip, brownish yellow in 
the middle, and greyish black at the utmost base. Back, 
rump, tail-coverts, sides of head and neck, and entire under- 
side scarlet-red, middle of the back darker, more crimson, 
feathers of the jugulum yellow at base. Scapulars, upper 
wing-coverts, and outer webs of wing-quills grass-green, 
inner webs of the latter black with a large bright yellow 
patch in the middle, occupying about one-half to two-thirds 
of the web. Rectrices dark green, nearly the basal half 
dark red, but utmost base again dark green; under aspect 
of tail yellowish. Bend of wing light violet-blue, tips of the 
feathers lavender. Under wing-coverts red, longest series 
black. Bill “yellowish red,” sometimes “bright red,” 
utmost base of upper mandible and surroundings of nostrils 
black. Feet black. Iris “brownish red, brownish yellow, 
reddish yellow, dull yellow.” Wings, ¢ 156-162, ? 152- 
156 mm. 

Hab. Hills on 8.W. coast of New Ireland. 

Type. & ad. 16.xi.1923. Albert F. Hichhorn coll. No. 
8777. 


Vol. xlv. | 8 

This striking new species appears te stand quite by itself. 
Its nearest in appearance is Domucella hypoinochroa, which, 
in the form Domicella hypoinochroa devittata Hart. is a 
common bird in New Ireland. It differs, however, in many 
points, especially in the following :—It is considerably 
larger ; the base of the upper mandible is red like the rest 
of the bill, not black ; the feathers on the sides of the neck 
are stiffened and streaky in appearance; the belly, thighs, 
and under tail-coverts are purplish black, not uniform with 
the breast; there are no yellow bases to the feathers of the 
juguium; the bend of the wing is deep bluish green, not 
light blue and lavender; in the middle of the back is a 
darker saddie; the tail is greenish or bluish black, not 
erass-green. 

Philemon eichhorni, sp. nov. 

Male ad. Upperside sepia-brown, crown less dark, just 
behind the crown a white ring, caused by white tips to the 
feathers. ‘Tips of rectrices white, wider on the inner webs 
and on the outer feathers (on the inner web 12 to 20 mm.), 
narrower on the central pairs (5 to 7 mm.). Wings like 
tail and back. Underside a little lighter brown, each fea- 
ther, except on the uniform lower abdomen, with a greyish- 
white edge, producing a more or less scaly appearance. 
Under wing-coverts widely edged with white, inner webs of 
inner quills with white edges on basal half. Under tail- 
coverts widely edged with white all round. “ Bill black. 
Iris dark brown. Feet slaty blue.” Wings 147-150 mm. ; 
tail 126-132 ; culmen 23-46. 

? ad. Like male, but much smaller, wings 135-139 mm. 

Hab. Hills on 8.W. coast of New Ireland. 

Type. & ad. 22.1.1924. Albert EF. Hichhorn coll. No. 
8981. ; 

This species seems to have no near ally. It differs widely © 
from Phil. nove-guinee cockerelli of New Britain in being 
smaller, having a white nuchal collar, white tips to the 
rectrices and feathers of the underside. Named after its 
collector. 


9 [ Vol. xlv. 

Lord Roruscuitp also exhibited a specimen of the rare 
and large Centropus violaceus from New Ireland, which in 
size surpassed the other two large species, Centropus goliath 
and C. milo. It apparently has not hitherto been recorded 
from New Ireland proper. 

Lord Rotuscuitp further exhibited a peculiar variety of 
the Moorhen, popularly known as the “ Hairy Moorhen,” 
and called attention to the fact that in this variety abnormal 
coloration was always connected with the aberrant dis- 
integrated structure of the feathers. 

Mr. N. B. Kinnear made the following remarks on Indian 
Birds :— : 

In the 2nd edition of the ‘Fauna of British India’ the 
Burmese Red-capped Babbler is called Zimalia pileata 
jerdom Walden, A. M.N.H. (4) x. p. 61, July 1872, and the 
type-locality is said to be Pegu. This, however, is a mistake, 
as Lord Walden’s bird came from the Khasia Hills, and the 
name is therefore a pure synonym of 7. p. bengalensis 
Godwin-Austen, J.A.S.B. xli. 2, p. 143, June 1872, also 
from the same locality. I therefore propose to call the 
Burmese bird 

Timalia pileata intermedia, 

and designate as type a male from Tonghoo, collected by 
R. G. Wardlaw Ramsay, 19th December, 1874, Brit. Mus. 
Reg. No. 88. 4. 20. 938. 

In the Ist and 2nd editions of the ‘ Fauna of British India’ 
the Scaly-breasted Wren of the Himalayas is called Pnoepyga 
squamata Gould, Icones Avium, part i., Aug. 1837, but this 
is antedated by P. albiventer Hodgson, Journ. Asiatic Soc. 
Bengal, Feb. 1837. 

Both the authors of these editions state that in the male 
the underside is white, while in the female it is bright 
fulvous. These differences are not, however, sexual, as I 
have examined two white-breasted females from Sikkim and 
one from Kulu, as well as five adult and immature males 

with fulvous breasts from the Punjab Himalayas, while two 
aod 


Vol: xilve] ow pees 

females, one from Dharmsala and another from Mt. Victoria, 

Chin Hills, are intermediate and have white throats and pale 

fulvous breasts. It would appear therefore, as was suggested 
to me by Mr. H. Whistler, that this bird is dimorphic. 

In addition to skins to illustrate the above remarks, two 
young specimens in the brown juvenile plumage are shown, 
in which the feathers of the adult are appearing on the 
breast, in the one white and the other fulvous. 

Specimens of this bird from the western Himalayas can 
be distinguished from Eastern birds. Hodgson’s type came 
from Nepal, and Gould’s P. squamata, the type of which is in 
the British Museum, is also the eastern form, so that a new 
name will be required for the western bird, and I propose 

- Pnoepyga albiventer pallidior, nom. nov. 

Differs from the typical bird in the colour of the upper 
surface, which is dark olive instead of dark umber in both 
forms, and by the paler colouring below in the rufous form. 

Type in the British Museum, ¢ Dharmsala, Punjab, 
4000 ft., lst Dec., 1921. H. Whistler Coll., Reg. No. 1924. 
1029. a: 

Distribution. Garwhal to Dharmsala. 

Ols. I have to thank Lord Rothschild and Messrs. 
H. Stevens and H. Whistler for the loan of specimens in 
working out this bird. 

Mr. Kinnear further described three new races of -birds 
obtained by Mr. H. Stevens in Tonkin, where he had been 

collecting through the aid of the Godman Fund for the 
British Museum :— 

. Scheniparus rufogularis stevensi. 

Distinguished from S. rufogularis rufogularis principally 
by the colour of the underside, which instead of being: pure 
white is washed with yellowish-olive. The collar across the 
throat is yellower and less rust-coloured, and not so sharply 
defined, while the superciliary line is washed with buff 
instead of pure white, the ear-coverts are darker and the 
throat white with a strong rusty tinge. 


It j [ Vol. xlv. 

The white throat and breast and paler upperside distinguish 
this form from S. 7. major Baker. 

Type in the British Museum, ¢. Bao Ha, Tonkin, 22nd 
Oct., 1923. H. Stevens Coll., No. 1. Brac specimens 
examined. 

* Thringorhina guttata diluta. 

Similar to 7. g. guttata Blyth from Tenasserim and Siam, 
but darker and wanting the rufous wash. The ear-coverts 
are grey instead of brownish-grey and the rusty-red of the 
underside is much paler and mixed with olive-brown, 
especially on the flanks and under tail-coverts. The white 
of the throat runs into the rusty-red of the upper breast .and 
is not so sharply defined as in 7. guttata. 

Type in the British Museum, ¢. Thai Nien, Tonkin, 
23rd Feb.,1924. H. Stevens Coll., No. 159. Hight specimens 
examined, 

Range. Thai Nien and Bao Ha, Tonkin. 

. Drymocataphus tickelli olivaceus. 
Closely allied to D. ¢. tickelii Blyth, from Amherst, 
- Tenasserim, but more olive instead of olive-buff on the upper- 
side and flanks, and paler on the under tail-coverts ; also the 
under surface much less buff. 

From D. t. assamensis Sharpe this form is distinguished by 
the olive colour and paler underside. 

Type in the British Museum, ¢. Bao Ha, Tonkin, 
dLst Oct., 1923. H. Stevens Coll., No. 22. Five specimens 
examined. 

Notse.—A bird from Daban, 8. Annam, collected by Kloss, 

is intermediate, but rather nearer this form than the typical. 

Mr. N. B. Kinnear also exhibited two skins of a Ruby- 
throat, Calliope davidi, from the Chumbi Valley, Southern 
Thibet. ‘These specimens were obtained by Major Hingston 
the medical officer to the Mt. Everest Expedition on 11th 
and 19th May of this year before entering Thibet proper, 
This little-known species was deseribed by Oustalet from 
Ta-chien-lu, and it has been recorded from the Tsin-ling 
Mts., Szechuan, and N.W. Yunnan in July, August, and . 
September. 


Vol. xlv. | 12 

The Rev.-F. C. R. Jourpain exhibited on behalf of 
Mr. G. Binney a series of 16 eggs of the Ivory Gull 
(Pagophila eburnea), taken in July and August 1924 in 
North-East Land, Spitzbergen. Owing to the inaccessibility 
of their breeding-haunts, the eggs have seldom been taken 
since Malmgren obtained the first two specimens at Murchison 
Bay in 1861. Most nests contained only a single egg. 

Mr. JouRDAIN also called attention to a statement by 
Mr. Bunyard in the Bull. B. O. C., xliv. p. 99, that he had 
failed to trace any previous ranowtl of the Cirl Bunting as 
fosterer of the Cuckoo (in the British Isles). In a paper on 
““The Cuckoo’s Foster Parents,” published in Kirkman’s 
British Bird Book, 1. p. 400, reference will be found to two 
well-authenticated records of this fosterer by Mr. C. B. 
Wharton, details of which are given in the ‘Zoologist,’ 1882, 
p: 265. 

Mr. P. F. Bunyarp gave a résumé of the more important — 
events observed while watching a Cuckoo deposit an egg in a 
Wagtail’s nest, and said :— 

The results of my interesting experience in witnessing a 
Cuckoo deposit her egg in the nest of a Pied Wagtail will 
shortly appear in popular form in a London publication. 

I propose on this occasion to give only a brief résumé of 
the more important points brought to light on that occasion. 
On Tuesday, June 24th, 1924, I received a telephone message 
from Mr. Scholey to say that he had two female Cuckoos 
under observation in the now-famous chalk-quarry at Cliffe- 
at-Hoo, Kent (both of which Mr. Scholey was certain were 
birds of the previous year), and that he expected one of them 
to deposit her fourth egg in the previously located nest of 
the Pied Wagtail at about 5 p.m. on Thursday, the 26th. 

The nest was situated in an oblong heap of flints (a 
characteristic site for this quarry), and contained two eggs. 
At 3.15 Mr. Scholey, Mr. H. Turner, the photographer, and 
I entered the hide, which had been placed in position the 
previous morning, exactly 12 feet from the Wagtail’s nest. 
At 3.42 one of the Wagtails arrived, went on to the nest, and 


ile [ Vol. xlv. 

came off again, at 3.43 she again went on and was not again 
seen. 

At 4.5 the Cookoo arived at the left-hand end of the pile 
of flints and was now in full view to those in the hide. After 
remaining almost motionless for some considerable time, she 
walked or rather floundered about the flints endeavouring to 
locate the entrance to the nest. Hesitating and looking 
round to see that all was clear, she made repeated dives 
into the hole, finally disappearing, leaving only the tip of 
the tail in view. 

In this position she remained fifty seconds, the tip of the 
tail suddenly disappeared, she then turned completely round 
and came out head first, experiencing considerable difficulty 
in extricating herself. 

Previous to the operation of depositing she appeared much 
distressed, and the beak was held open. Afterwards there 
was a distinct violent quivering of the throat, which I consider 
was due to the relaxation and contraction of the muscles due 
to the strain imposed thereon during the process of re- 
eurgitation. At 4.27 she went right away without making 
a note of any description. 

She remained exactly 100 seconds by the nesting-hole, 
50 of which were occupied in depositing, remaining 1n view 
to those in the hide 22 minutes. 

Mr. Bunyarp gave the following reasons which had con- 
vinced him that the Cuckoo’s egg had been swallowed and 
regurgitated :— 

(1) When the Cuckoo arrived I noticed that the mouth 
was held continually open, as though she was experiencing 
some difficulty in breathing. 

(2) A distinct distention of the throat was noticeable just 
below the level of the shoulder and which was quite absent 
after depositing. 

(3) The quivering of the throat, as already mentioned. 

(4) The distance from the entrance to the actual nest was 
fourteen inches ; the tip of the tail was in view the whole | 
time she was depositing (the length of the Cuckoo is about 


Vol. xlv.] 14 

13"), so that it was impossible for her to have gone on 
to the nest to lay in the normal way. 

(5) On blowing the eggs the following day I found the two 
Wagtails’ quite fresh, but on blowing the Cuckoo’s, I was 
astonished to find that 2 was not fresh. The white was 
cloudy and the yolk was congealed, and I had some difficulty 
in extracting it. Judging from the condition of the contents, 
Iam of the opinion that this egg had been lying in the sun 
for two or three days, which confirms my previously expressed 
opinion that a Cuckoo will store an egg pending the finding 
of a suitable nest. In my opinion this proves conclusively 
that the egg was not laid into the nest in the normal way, as 
birds do not lay stale eggs. 3 

This Cuckoo deposited four eggs, which I exhibit with 
those of their respective foster-parents. On two occasions she 
removed a foster-parent’s egg, and on two occasions they 
were left intact. The lateness of the season when she 
commenced to deposit, 2. ¢. June 20th, may account for the 
small clutch and possibly also for the fact that she was an 
immature bird. 

Mr. &. ©. Stuart Baxer described the following new 
form of Psaroglossa :— 

Psaroglossa spiloptera assamensis, subsp. nov. 

Similar to P. s. sptloptera, but deeper and more richly 
coloured both above and below in both sexes. In the male 
the grey centres to the feathers of the back are bolder and 
the margins blacker and less brown. 

Colours of soft parts and measurements as in P. s. 
spiloptera. 

Distribution. Eastern Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, Assam, the 
Burmese Hills to Tenasserim, Shan States, Yunnan, Annam, 
Cochin China, and South-west Siam. 

Type in the British Museum, ¢. Khasia Hills. Tweed- 
dale Collection, Reg. No. 88.9.20.469. 

Obs. The type-loeality of P. s. spiloptera is “ Himalayas,” 
restricted to “ Simla-Almora” by 'Ticehurst and Whistler. 


15 [ Vol. xlv. 

Mr. Hue WHiIsTLeR communicates the following new 
species of Firecap :— 

Cephalopyrus flammiceps saturatus, subsp. nov. 

The male differs from the typical race (type-locality 
** Himalayas,” now restricted to “‘ Mussoorie ’’) in the darker 
more saturated green of the upper parts; in having the red 
cap of the typical form reduced to a mere frontal band about 
four millimetres wide, and the orange-red on the lower 
surface restricted to the chin and throat. The rest of the 
underparts are greener and darker than in the typical race. 

The female differs from the typical race in the darker 
more saturated green of the upper parts ; while the lower 
parts are also slightly darker. 

Measurements: wings, ¢ 57-59") mm. (7 specimens), ? 
55'5-59'5 mm. (3 specimens), as against @ 58°5-64 mm. 
(12 specimens), 2 958:5-62 mm. (8 specimens) in C. ff. 
jlammiceps. 

Hab. Native Sikkim, Bhutan Duars, Buxar Duars. 

Type in the British Museum, ¢. Native Sikkim, March 
1878 (Mandell). Reg. no. 86.11.1.644. 

Mr. Kuropa sent the following description of three races of 
birds from the Kurile Islands, Hokkaido, and Formosa, which 
he considers to be worthy of nomenclatural distinction :— 

Lagopus mutus kurilensis, subsp. nov. 

? Blakiston & Pryer, Trans. Asiat. Soc. 
Japan, vol. x. pt. 1. p. 128 (1882—“Sumshu or Pervi,”’ 
N. Kuriles. A winter example). 

Lagopus sp.? Stejneger, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. xxi. 
p- 285 (1898—‘ Shumshu,” N. Kuriles. Ex Blakiston «& 
eryer). 4 

Lagopus mutus subsp.? Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. iii. 
p. 1870 (1921—North-eastern Asia: Kamtschatka, Lena, 
Yenisei, Baikal, Altai, Tarbagatai Mt., etc.). 

Dagnosis. Decidedly different from Lagopus mutus japo- 
nicus Clark, of Hondo, Japan, in the summer plumage of 
both sexes. The male is darker and less brownish, while 
the female is paler and more rusty-yellow than in the Hondo — 
form. Moreover, the wing is on an average longer, while 

Lagopus 


Vol. xlv. | 16 

that of the male ‘not rarely measures over 200 mm. instead 
of 190-200 mm. as in the same sex of L. m. japonicus 
(9 specimens including young examined). 

Type. 6 ad. in summer plumage, in N. Kuroda oll., 
no. 3280. Paramushir Island, Northern Kurile Islands, 
15.viii.1917 (Y. Uchiyama Coll.). 

Measurements. Wing, 3 197-204 (type), 2 185-194; 
tail, ¢ 109°5-114°5, 2? 100-110; tarsus, g 33°5 (type)—37, 
? 34-36 ; entire culmen, ¢ 20-21 (type), 9 20-21 mm. 

fab. Northern Kurile Islands ; Simusir and Paramushir. 
Probably the same form is found in North-eastern Siberia 
(Kamtschatka, Baikal, etc.—see Hartert, J. c. p. 1871). 

Obs. This bird was first obtained by H. J. Snow on 
Simusir, the nearest island of the Kuriles to Kamtschatka, 
and was recorded by Blakiston and Pryer (I. c.). 

Passer rutilans kikuchii, subsp. nov. 

Passer rutilans rutilans (nec Temm.), Uchida and Kuroda, 
Tori, vol. ii. no. 6, p. 17 (1918—Hokuzanko, Formosa). 

Diagnosis —Similar to P. rutilans rutilans from Japan 
proper, but the general coloration of the upper parts 
decidedly paler and the mantle with very few spots only. 
These spots do not reach as far as the lower back ; in some 
specimens they are nearly obsolete in the centre of mantle; 
the width of the spotted band on mantle measures 14— 
15°5 mm. instead of 20-26 mm. as in typical P. rutilans; the 
yellowish margins to the feathers of the mantle are very 
narrow; bill comparatively more slender and not so thick as 
in most typical specimens (3 specimens examined). 

Type. S ad., in N. Kuroda Coll., no. 7664. Horisha, 
Nanto District, Central Formosa, 14.iv.1908. Y. Kikuchi 
Coll. 

Measurements. Wing, g 70, 71 (type), 2 65; tail, 3 
44°5, 49 (type), 9 43; tarsus, ¢ 16:5 (type), 17, 2 17°5,; 
exposed culmen, ¢ 11, 11 (type), 2? 11; entire culmen, 
3 12°5 (type), 13, 2 13 mm.; height of bill at base, ¢ 6°5, 
6°5 (type), 2? 7 mm. 

Hab. Probably confined to the Island of Formosa, | 

Named in honour of the late Mr. Kikuchi, the collector. 


Sean, Jesso ’ 

17 [ Vol. xlv. | 

Certhia familiaris ernsti, subsp. nov. 

Certhia familiaris familiaris (nec L.), Hartert, Vog. pal. 
Faun. i. p. 318 (1905—“‘ Jesso ” = Hokkaido), part. 

Diagnosis. Very similar in coloration to C. f. familiaris 
from Sweden and measurements of body, except that of the 
wing, on an average a trifle shorter (wing, ¢ 68°5—65 ; 
2 59-64 mm.). It differs from C. f. japonica in the paler 
coloration, and by the wing and bill being distinctly longer 
(exposed culmen, 13°5-15 mm. instead of 11—12°5 mm. as in 
C. f. japonica) (6 specimens examined). 

Type. & ad., in N. Kuroda Coll., no. 5005. Uenai, 
Prov. Iburi, Hokkaido, 19.11.1921. H. Orii Coll. 

- Measurements. Wing *, g 63°5 (type), 64°5, 65, 65°5, 9 59, 
64; tail, ¢ 56+x (type), 57+x, 58,65, 2? 59, 61; tarsus, 
& 145 (type), 15, 15, 15, 2 13, 14:5; exposed culmen, 
do 14 (type), 14, 15,15, @ 13°5, 15 mm. 

Hab. The new form, ernsti, probably breeds in Hok- 
_kaido and migrates to Central Hondo (Prov. Shinano) in 
winter. Dr. Hartert (op. cit. iii. 1921, p. 2102), however, 
mentions that C. f. yaponica is found not only in Hondo but 
= Hokkaido (near Sapporo). I have no examples 
of the species from Sakhalin, Kuriles, Korea, N. China, etc., 
for comparison with my new form. 

Observation. Dr. Hartert (op. cit.1. 1905, p. 318—footnote) 
already pointed out the differences of the Hokkaido form 
from typical C. f. familiaris and C. f. japonica. He gave 
the measurements of both sexes of the Hokkaido examples 
as follows: “ Fliigel, ¢ 63°5-65°5, 9 62-63 mm.” Named 
in honour of Dr. Ernst Hartert of the Tring Museum. 

Mr. Grecory M. Matuews sent the following description 
of a new form of Manucode from Cape York :— 

Phonygammus yorki, sp. nov., 
differs from P. gouldi in being of a distinctly purplish-blue 
on the upper surface, not metallic-green. It is also larger: 
wing 170 mm. 
Type in Tring Museum. Black Gin Creek, Cape York. 
Dec. 23rd, 1912. 

* | Editor’s Footnote.—In view of the fact that the wing-measurements 
of typical C. f. familiaris are given in Hartert’s ‘ Palearctic Fauna’ and — 
Witherby’s ‘ Hand-list of British Birds’ as ranging between 63 and 
67 mm.,, it is a little difficult to understand how C. f. ernst, founded 
chiefly on size, can be substantiated. | 


Wet: xiv] 18 

Mr. H. Krrx& Swany, on behalf of Dr. Casey Wood, ex- 
hibited a series of Fruit-Pigeons from Fiji, where Dr. Wood 
spent six months of last year studying the fauna of that group. 

‘These drawings were done by the artist, Mr. Belcher, 
after a study of the birds in their native haunts. 

Professor P. P. Susan, of the Academy of Petrograd, 
exhibited some very beautifully-coloured photographs of a 
family of the extremely rare alco altaicus Menzb., and made 
the following remarks. He said that the family was obtained 
from a nest, at an altitude of about 2500 metres, during the 
Sushkin expedition of 1914 in South-east Russian Altai 
(exact locality in the Chuia range on the river Kush Konoor, 
an affluent of the Chagan-usoon, a tributary of the upper 
Chuia River). 

The adult male was killed and five downy young taken 
and successfully reared. Most of them survived to the fully 
adult stage of plumage, records being kept of intermediate 
stages by means of descriptions and photographs. Hxtremes 
of individual variability are exhibited by this family: 
(1) some birds in adult plumage are barred above and 
present bluish tints proper to the northern jerfalcons ; 
(2) others are dark, and while being nearly uniformly bluish- 
slate above are heavily marked below on a darkened ground- 
colour; (3) some birds which are barred above exhibit a 
preponderance of red colours, recalling the central Asian 
forms of the F. cherrug group. Adult coloration is assumed 
after the first moult, subsequent changes being insignificant. 
As to the nomenclature, the dark nearly unbarred type has 
been described as /’. altaicus Menzb., and this name must 
stand as having priority. The barred type has been 
described as F. lorenzi Menzb., and this name becomes a 
synonym. As to taxonomical values and relations, /’. altaicus 
must be accorded specific rank, its breeding-area (W. Sayan, 
Altai, Tarbagatai, Russian and Chinese Turkestan) covering 
a part of the breeding-area of the /. cherrug group. It is, 
to a certain extent, intermediate between that group and 
the northern jerfalcons, since strongly reddish specimens are 
individual reversions to the primitive type. 


19 [Vol. xlv. 

Dr. C. B. Tickaurst and Major R. E. Coeresman forwarded 
the following descriptions of new races from Central 

Arabia :— 
Prinia gracilis hufufe, subsp. nov. 

Differs from P. g. gracilis, P. g. carlo, P. g. palestine, and 
P. g. traqueisis in the much heavier and broader subterminal 
black bars to the tail; more heavily streaked and darker 
upper parts than P. g. gracilis ; less heavily streaked upper 
parts than in P. g. palestine ; greyer, not so dark above, and 
with coarser streaks than P. g. delte; greyer upper parts 
and shorter bill than in P. g. natronensis ; paler and grever 
upper parts than in P. g. yemenensis, paler rufous wing- 
edges, purer white underparts. 

8 6 3. Wing 44-48, tarsus 60-68. 42 2. Wing 44-47, 
tarsus 61-65 mm. 

Type in British Museum, g. Hufuf, Hasa Prov., Central 
Arabia, 28 xi.1923. Cox-Cheesman Ooll., No. 5056. 

Distribution. Oasis of Hufuf, Hasa Prov., Central Arabia. 

Passer domesticus hufufe, subsp. nov. 

$. Differs from P. d. indicus in having the head, rump, 
and upper tail-coverts greyer, which in fresh plumage is 
slightly washed with a paler brown and to a less extent than 
in P.d.indicus ; greater coverts and tertials paler cinnamon ; 
the mantle is less marked with cinnamon and is generally 
paler in coloration ; underparts purer white; cheeks white. 
Smaller bill and whiter cheeks than in P. d. nilotieus. 

?. In the same parts as in the male the female shows a 
slightly paler and greyer wash, less ochraceous, underparts 
whiter, less creamy than in indicus. 

935. Wing 72-77, bill base 13°25-145 mm. 5 9 9. 
Wing 70°5-74, bill base 12°5-13°5. 

Type in British Museum, g. Hufuf-town, Hasa Prov., 
Central Arabia, 9.x1i.1923. Cox-Cheesman Coll., No. 5070. 

Mistribution. Oasis of Hufuf, Hasa Prov., Central Arabia. 

Obs. Though odd individuals can be matched with in- 
dividuals of P. d. indicus, when a series in fresh-moulted 


Vol. xlv.] 20 

plumage of both is examined the differences stand out. We 
have examined a series from 8. Arabia and we cannot in any 
way differentiate these (“ P. d. buryt’’) from P. d. indicus. 

Ammomanes deserti azizi, subsp. nov. 

This race is much paler on the upper parts than the palest 
A, d. isabellina—a creamy-isabelline colour ; it is whiter 
on the underparts and has the ticking on the throat very dark. 

3¢ 3. Wing 100-105 mm. 5 2? 2. Wing 94-100 mm. 
Bill as in A. d. isabellina. 

Type in Brit. Mus., g. Jabal Ghanima, Hasa Prov. 
12.1.24. Cox-Cheesman Coll., No. 5139. 

Distribution. Hasa Prov., Cental Arabia. 

Named in honour of His Highness Abdul Aziz ibn Saud, 
Sultan of Najd. 

Obs. Capt. Cheesman obtained a single bird originally near 
Ogair on March 31, 1921, but, though I was certain it was 
new, I did not like to name it from a single rather worn 
bird. The series now obtained show that A. d. azizi is elearly 
separable. In worn dress this race has the upper parts more 
cream-coloured still, very little isabelline colour showing. 

—C. B. T. 

NOTICE. 

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, 
the 12th of November, 1924, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT, 
42-48 Great Portland Street, W.1, the Dinner at 7 p.m. 

Members intending to dine are requested to inform the Hon, 
Sec., Dr.G. C. Low, 86 Brook Street, Grosvenor Square, W.1. 

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication 
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to 
give notice beforehand to the Hditor, Dr. Percy R. Lowe, 
at the Nat. Hist. Museum, South Kensington, and to 
place in his hands not later than at the meeting MSS. for 
publication in the Bulletin. | 

(Signed) 
H. F. Wirsersy, Percy R. Lowz, Georce C. Low, 
Chairman. avi uditor, fon. Sec. § Treas. 
oD PX\ a fi 
— f< Pn oh ; 
=) 7 XD 

es 
4, 
Ny 

wy 


. 

BULLETIN 

OF THE 

BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB. 

Wo. CCXCI. 

Tus two-hundred-and-eighty-seventh Meeting of the Club 
was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48, Great Portland 
Street, W.,on Wednesday, November 12th, 1924. 

Chairman: H. F. WirHersy. 

Members present: —W. Suorr Bary; E. ©. Srvarr 
Baker; G. Brown; P. F. Bunyarp; E. P. CHANCE ; 
Hon. G. L. Cuarrzris; Major R. E. Coezsman; Col. A. 
Drtmé-Rapcuirre; Col. H. Denmé-Rapcurrre; A. Ezra : 
Major 8. S. Frowser; The Hon. Masavast HACHISUKA ; 
Dr. E. Hartertr; L. M. Jorrina; Rev. F.C. R.J OURDAIN; 
N. B. Kinnear; G. C. Lampert; Dr. G. CO. Low (Hon. 
Sec. § Treas.); Dr. P. R. Lown (Hditor); N. Lucas; 
Admiral H. Lynzs; C. W. Macxworru-Prazp; J. H. 
McNeine; Dr. P. Manson-Baur; G. M. MaATHEws ; 
H. Mount; D. W. Mussetwurre; (. OtpHam; Lord Rornu- 
SCHILD; W. L. Sctarer; D. Sera-Smira; Sir Maucotu 
Seron; Major A. G. L. Stapen; H. Srevens; Capt. H. F. 
StonenAM; W.H.Tuorre; Dr. 0. B. Ticznurst; Dr. N. F. 
Ticrnurst ; B. Tocker; H. Waistter; J. Suapen WING. 

Guests:—Major R. ALExanpDER; H. Honan; B. C. 
Tenison Mosse; Prof. P. Susuxin; Dr. E. Srresemann : 
Prince N, Taxa-Tsuxasa ; A. W. L. Turner. 

[December 5th, 1924, 1 a VOL. XLV. 


Vol. xlv. | 22 

The Cuarrman read the following Annual Address :-— 

It has been customary for the Chairman to give each year 
a summary of the chief ornithological activities during the 
past session. I see that Mr. Sclater omitted to do this last 
year, but it seems to me a useful item, which should not be 
allowed to lapse, and I have therefore prepared, with the 
kind help of several members, a brief report on the period 
covered by our session 1923-4. 

We have had to deplore the deaths of the following 
members :—N. C. Rothschild (Oct. 12, 1923), W. J. Fitz- 
herbert Brockholes (Jan. 21, 1924), C. Chubb (June 25, 
1924), and W. R. Ogilvie-Grant (July 26, 1924). 

Ornithologists have been very active in field-work abroad 
during the period under notice. Major R. H. Cheesman 
made an important journey in an unexplored part of Central 
Arabia between November 1923 and March 1924. His col- 
lections, especially of mammals, are of great importance, 
and we shall have the pleasure of hearing something about 
the, expedition and the birds to-night. Admiral H. Lynes 
is ever active in the field, and this spring he visited, by per- 
mission of the French authorities, the Sous territory which 
lies between the Great and Little Atlas ranges, and was 
hitherto unknown ornithologically. I am glad to say we 
have prevailed on Admiral Lynes to give us some account 
of this expedition to-night. Dr. E. Hartert also visited 
Marocco this spring, and gave us a brief account of his 
journey at the June meeting. Mr. H. Stevens has been 
collecting birds and mammals in Tonkin for the British 
Museum under the Salvin-Godman Fund. He has been 
in country which is, to some extent, new to the collector, 
and we shall look forward to Mr. Kinnear’s report on the 
birds. Unfortunately, through the capsizing of a river 
steamer Mr. Stevenson lost all his notes and photographs, 
and he himself narrowly escaped being drowned. Mr. Wil- 
loughby Lowe has been on a journey through Tenasserim 
and Siam with Mr. A. S. Vernay, and the considerable 
collections made have been divided between the British 
aud American Museums and are being worked out by 


23 Vol: ely. 

Mr. Kinnear and Mr. Chapin. The third Everest Expe- 
dition was unable to collect birds except in the Chumbi 
Valley, but interesting field-observations were made by 
Major H. H. Hingston, the naturalist of the expedition, 
and I hope we may have the pleasure of having some 
account from him at a future meeting. 

The &.Y. ‘St. George’ is continuing her voyage amongst 
the islands of the Pacific, and we may look forward to 
an account of the birds from Lt.-Col. H. J. Kelsall, the 
ornithologist on board. Lord William Percy and Dr. F. M. 
Chapman (of New York) journeyed to Chili, where they made 
interesting observations on the Steamer-Duck ( Tachyeres 
cinerea). Mr. H. Whistler has been continuing his bird- 
work in north-west India, and recently while on leave 
accompanied Dr. ©. B. Ticehurst on-a collecting-trip to 
Navarra; and my wife and I also again visited Spain (south- 
east) last autumn. An Oxford expedition to Spitsbergen 
_and North-East Land yielded some ornithological results of 
interest. The Rev. F. C. R. Jourdain made a journey 
through Finnish Lapland from Petschenga in the north 
through difficult country to rail-head at Rovaniemi, whence 
he travelled to Helsingfors. We hope to hear later of the 
ornithological results. Mr. J. H. McNeile, after a trip to 
Spain, also visited Lapland on the borders of Sweden and 
Finland, while Mr. G. Bolam went up the Pasvig River 
where he had been with Admiral Lynes in 1923. Major W. 
M. Congreve made a trip to Hungary, of which he has 
already published an account in the ‘ Oologists’ Record.’ 
Col. and Mrs. Meinertzhagen visited Madeira, and Mr. A. 
H. Paget-Wilkes has been studying the birds in Cape 
Province and more recently in Nyasaland. 

Mr. A. 8S. Meek’s collector, Mr. Hichhorn, has visited 
St. Mathias and New Ireland, north-east of New Guinea, 
and is new collecting in New Britain. Lord Rothschild 
showed us some of the birds at our last meeting, and papers 
by Dr. Hartert have appeared in ‘ Novitates Zoologice.’ 
The Whitney South Sea Expedition, under Mr. R. H. Beck, 
is progressing, and important collections have been received 

a 2 


Vol. xlv.] o4 

in America and are being worked out by Dr. R. C. Murphy. 
Mr. Ludlow Griscom has made an expedition for the 
American Museum to a little-known part of Western Panama, 
and altheugh he had to leave the most interesting region, 
after a very short stay, owing to the hostility of the Indians, 
he, nevertheless, obtained some valuable results. 

Before mentioning books on ornithology published during 
the period under review, I must make mention of the 
important discovery made by Dr. Percy Lowe, and probably 
suspected some years ago by Mr. G. L. Bates, that the 
Broadbills (Hurylemide), hitherto considered to be confined 
to India, Malaya, and the Phillipines, are represented in 
Africa by the genus Smithornis. 

Among ornithological works in course of publication I may 
mention that Mr. G. M. Mathews has made good progress 
with his great work on the ‘ Birds of Australia,’ Mr. H. C. 
Stuart Baker has brought out the second volume of his much- 
appreciated “Birds” in the ‘ Fauna of British India,’ 
Mr. J. ©. Phillips has issued volume ii. of his important 
work on the ‘Natural History of the Ducks.’ Mr. Van 
Oort has made progress with his fine volumes on the birds of 
Holland, while the ‘ Practical Handbook of British Birds’ 
has been completed. Of new works the late Colonel Ward- 
law Ramsay’s very useful ‘Guide to the Birds of Europe 
and North Africa’ has been issued, and Mr. W. L. Sclater 
has published the first part of his much-valued ‘ Systema 
Avium Ethiopicarum’; of other faunal works we have 
Mr. W. L. Dawson’s remarkable volumes on the birds of 
California, Mr. W. C. Tait’s useful book on the ‘ Birds of 
Portugal,’ and a very complete account of the ‘ Animal 
Life in the Yosemite’ by Dr. J. Grinnell and Mr. T. I. Storer. 
Dr. G. C. Low’s ‘ Literature of the Charadriiformes’ will be 
consulted by all those working at Waders. Dr. and Mrs. 
Heinroth have commenced publication of an illustrated work 
on ‘Die Vogel Mitteleuropas,’ which promises to be of 
great importance. Most ornithologists will read with 
interest Prof. J. A. Thomson’s ‘ Biology of Birds,’ though 
they may deplore its inaccuracies. Dr. J. M. Dewar’s book 
on ‘The Bird as a Diver’ is a good example of specialized 


ye [ Vol. xlv. 

observation; Mr. KH. C. Arnold has produced a book on 
‘ British Waders,’ illustrated in colour by himself; Mr. Abel 
Chapman’s new volume ‘The Borders and Beyond’ will be 
read with pleasure (even by systematists), while there is 
much to interest ornithologists in Mr. W. Beebe’s 
‘Galapagos’ and in Dr. P. A. Buxton’s ‘Animal Life in 
Deserts.’ 

We have also to welcome two new ornithological journals: 
one hailing from Helsingfors is entitled ‘Ornis Fennica,’ 
while the other, from Germany, edited by Dr. L. von Box- 
berger, and, dealing especially with biological and oological 
questions, has the elaborate title ‘ Beitriige zur Fortpflan- 
zungsbiologie der Vogel mit Beriicksichtigung der Oologie.’ 

Mr. Wirnersy exhibited portions of three eggs of the 
Yommon Snipe (Capella gallinago), which had been taken in 
June 1924 at Chaves near the Spanish frontier in North 
Portugal, and had been sent to him by Mr. Geoffrey Tait (a 
nephew of the author of ‘The Birds of Portugal’). The 
egos were found in a marshy field by Dr. Luiz da Cunha 
Monteiro and were brought to Mr. Tait’s notice by 
Mr. J. Santos Silva, Jun. The eggs were very much 
incubated and tke sheils are broken, but Mr. Jourdain, to 
whom they were submitted, has no hesitation in identifying 
them as those of Snipe. A young bird from the fourth egy 
has been preserved by Mr. Silva, but has not been sent. 

Mr. Witherby remarked that he had also received from 
Mr. Joao Reis, Jun., of the University Museum, Oporto, a 
copy of a paper written by himself and published this year in 
‘Anais do Instituto de Zoologia’ on the breeding of thie 
Snipe in Portugal. In this paper Mr. Reis gives details of 
how he found a nest and three fresh eggs of the Common 
Snipe on June 26th, 1918, on the Serra do Barroso near 
Montalegre, which is not far from Chaves. He adds that 
Snipe are said to breed commonly in that neighbourhood and 
have a local name meaning the mountain goat, derived from 
their “‘bleat.””. Mr. Reis further states that he has been 
informed that some Snipe also breed near Villa Pouca’ 
d@’Avguiar near Vidago, rather south of Chaves. 


Vol. xlv.] 26 

Mr. Witherby did not know of any previous breeding 
record of the Snipe in the Spanish Peninsula. It had often 
been stated that the bird bred in the Pyrenees, but 
Mr. Witherby had been unable to find a satisfactory 
record of this, and the farthest south in France that the 
Snipe appeared to breed was in the Gironde. It also 
breeds in northern Italy. 

Major R. EH. CHEESMAN gave an account of his journey 
during the winter of 1923-1924 into Arabia, where he 
travelled in Hasa Province, and also through the Jafura 
Desert, and reached Jabrin in the Great South Desert. 

Sir Percy Cox had obtained from the Sultan of Najd 
permission for this expedition to make a collection of 
Mammals and Birds, as the fauna was entirely unknown. 
The Great South Desert had never been entered and had 
scarcely even been seen from a distance by European, and, 
as far as is known, had never been crossed through the centre 
by an Arab. The first halt was made at Hufuf, an oasis of 
date-cardens and rice-fields irrigated by flowing springs. 
In this cultivated area a new race of Wren- Warbler (Prinza 
gracilis hufufe) and a new subspecies of Sparrow (Passer 
domesticus hufufw) were collected, and the Mesopotamian race 
of Bulbul (Pycnonotus leucotis mesopotamie) was found to be 
plentiful. In the desert surrounding the gardens were some 
chalky sandstone hills, where two species of Desert-Lark 
(Ammomanes cinctura pallida) and a new subspecies 
(Ammomanes deserti azizi) were obtained. The Pallid Crag- 
Martin (Ptyonoprogne obsoleta obsoleta) and the Desert Eagle- 
Owl (Bubo bubo desertorum) were also collected, and were 
proved to be residents in the cliffs. All the species mentioned 
were exhibited at the meeting. The journey through the 
desert to Jabrin demonstrated the scarcity of residents in 
the waterless regions, although evidence was produced that 
the great migration-stream of Palearctic birds travelling 
between winter-quarters in Africa and breeding-grounds in 
[raq, Persia, Caucasia, and farther north is able to—and, in 
fact, does—take a straight line across the desert, 


27 [Voli xy. . 

The Desert-Raven ( Corvus c. rujicollis) was found nesting in 
low scrub, and a clutch of six eges was taken, and a Buzzard 
(Buteo, probably ferox) had a nest with young in down on a 
cliff. In Jabrin the most plentiful bird was, appropriately 
enough, the Desert-Warbler (Sylvia nana) ; but Great Grey 
Shrike (Lanius excubstor aucheri), Ammomanes, Alwmon, 
Short-toed and Crested Larks, Spotted Sandgrouse (Pterocles 
senega'lus), and Rock-Doves were also seen there. Major 
Cheesman drew attention to the fact that the closest - 
affinities in colour to some of his specimens had been found in 
those from the African deserts. They seemed to be cut off 
from their next-of-kin not by intermediate forms, but by 
distinctly darker forms that came between and divided them. 
He also thought it would be reasonable to suppose that the 
desert-forms collected would represent the whole of the 
Southern Arabian Desert, until the sub-montane districts, 
watered by rivers from the Aden and Yaman mountains 
were reached, such as Jauf and Najran oases, on the southern 
border of the Great South Desert, where a difference in the 
fauna might be expected. He remarked that northward it 
was known that these particularly pale desert-forms neither 
reach Iraq nor the steppe desert west of Iraq, but they 
seemed to run some way into Palestine. 

Mr. N. B. Kinnear exhibited a new form of Swallow, 
which he proposed to call 

Hirundo daurica vernayi, subsp. nov. 

Differs from H. daurica striolata from Java in the colour 
of the sides of the head and underparts, which, instead of 
being white washed with pale fulvous, are rusty-chestnut, 
while the rump is darker and the under tail-coverts rather 
more steel-blue. 

Type, 2, in British Museum, No. 466. Longlung, Siam. 
Collected by W. P. Lowe, and presented by. Mr. A. S. 
Vernay. 

Note——Two examples of this Swallow were shot by 
Mr. Willoughby Lowe while flying round some native 


Vol. xlv. | 28 

huts in a clearing in the heavy forest at Longlung, on 
the Siam—Burma frontier. No other specimens were seen. 

flirundo daurica striolata is represented in the Museum 
collection by specimens from Java, Sumatra, Flores, 
Moluceas, ‘‘ China,” Formosa, Philippines, Karanee and 
S. Shan States in Burma, and Cachar in Assam, whence 
came /illa substriata of Hume (‘Stray Feathers, 1877, 
p. 264). 

Both specimens are in fresh plumage, and the male, which 
is in the American Museum of Natural History, still has the 
outer primaries partly in the sheath. 

Mr. Kinnear also made the following remarks :— 

Mr. C. B. Kloss has kindly drawn my attention to the 
fact that the Garrulax and Tephrodornis which I described 
as new in the June 1924 number of the ‘ Bulletin’ have 
already been described by Mr. Robinson and himself. 

The two birds will therefore stand as 

(1) GARRULAX PECTORALIS MERIDIONALIS Rob. & Kloss, 
Bull. B.O.C. xl, p. 11 (1919): Hat Sanuk; S.W. Siam. 

Garrulax pectoralis subsugfusa Kinnear, Bull. B. O.C. 
xliv. p. 103 (1924): Meetan, Tenasserim. 

(2) TEPHRODORNIS PELVICUS FRETENSIS Rob. & Kloss. 

Tephrodornis gularis fretensis Rob. & Kloss, Journ. Straits 
Branch Royal As. Soc. 1920, p. 109: Gunong Angsi, 
Negri Sembilan, F.M.S. 

Tephrodornis pelvicus vernayt Kinnear, Bull. B. O. C. xliv. 
p. 102 (1924) : Um Pang, Siam. 

The following descriptions of twelve new species and 
subspecies from French Indo-China were forwarded by 
Messrs. JEAN DELACOUR and PIERRE J ABOUILLE :— 

Tropicoperdix merlini, sp. nov. 

Resembles generally Zvropicoperdia chloropus (Tick.), 
but differs in having the tip of bill, legs, and feet bright 
yellow; the fore neck and the sides of the neck bright 
ferruginous-rufous ; the whole plumage darker, without 


29 [ Vol. xlv. 

any ferruginous tinge on the breast ; the black markings 
on the underparts larger and more numerous; and the 
outer webs of the primaries almost pure black. 
Iris brown ; skin of the face duil red ; legs, feet, and 
tip of the bill yellow ; base of the bill red. | 
Types in Coll. J. Delacour. ¢. Mailanh (Quangtri, 
Annam), 11.1.24. 92. Mailanh (Quangtri, Annam), 
25.2.24, | 
| Obs. 6 males and 4 females from Lao-Bao and Mailanh, 
~10.1.24-17.4.24, measure :— | 
Males: Wing 150-160 mm., tarsus 36-39, culmen 15-18. 
Females: Wing 141-149 mm., tarsus 35-36, culmen 15-16. 
Named in honour of H.E. M. Martial Merlin, Governor- 
General of Indo-China. 

Tropicoperdix cognacqi, sp. nov. 

Differs from 7. chloropus (Tick.} in having the feathers 
of the back of a different pattern; the shafts are mostly 
pale buff and form distinet streaks, and the dark spots, 
instead of forming rather distinct stripes, are scattered all 
over the feather and give it a mottled appearance. 

Iris brown; bill greenish-grey, base dull red; skin of 
the face dull red ; legs and feet greenish-grey. 

Types in Coll. J. Delacour. ¢ 9. Saigon, 11.4.24. 

Obs. 2 males and 1 female from Saigon, 11.4.24,° 
measure :— 

Males: Wing 154, 155 mm.; tarsus 35,33; culmen 16, 16. 

Female: Wing 153 mm. ; tarsus 35; culmen 15. 

Named in honour of Dr. M. Cognacq, Governor of 
Cochin-China, 

Hierophasis imperialis, sp. nov. 

General colour of the male dark shining blue, with bright 
blue markings on the wing-@overts, back, rump, and upper 
tail-coverts ; crest moderate and black; tail rather long 
and slightly curved. The feathers on the middle back 
and the two central tail-feathers faintly spotted with reddish- 
brown. 

~ 

ao 


Vol. xlv.] 30 

Iris yellowish-brown ; skin of the face bright scarlet ; 
legs and feet crimson, spurs white; bill pale green, darker 
on the base of the upper mandible. 

Obs. This bird differs from H. edwardsi (Oust.) by its 
superior size, its black crest, no green on the wings, 
and a more curved tail ; the general colour is darker blue, 
not so bright. 

The female is bright chestnut on the back, wings, and 
upper and lower tail-coverts ; head and neck pale brown, 
with cheeks and throat greyish-buff; primaries black, 
suffused with pale grey ; secondaries chestnut, spotted and 
and bordered with black; two central tail-feathers chestnut- 
brown, marked with fine black spots and streaks, the others 
being black. All the brown and chestnut feathers are 
faintly spotted and-streaked with black. 

Iris brown ; naked skin of the face dull red; legs and 
feet crimson ; bill pale greenish- brown. 

Types in Coll. J. Delacour. . Doughoi (Annam), 
16.4.24, ¢. Doughoi (Annam), 29.12.24. 

Male: Wing 252 mm., tarsus 86, tail 300, culmen 30. 

Female: Wing 214 mm., tarsus 67, tail 214, culmen 28. 

Named in honour of H.M. Khai-Dinh, Emperor of 

Annam. 

Polyplectrum chinquis ghigii, subsp. nov. 

Differs from P. chingquis (P. L. 8. Miill.) by its general 
ground-colour being distinctly rufous-grey ; the spots on 
the feathers are larger and pale buff, instead of whitish- 
grey ; the ocelli on the tail-feathers are surrounded by 
a broad buff ring, even all round, while in P. chinguis it 
is much broader towards the base of the feathers and 
nearly obsolete on the tip-side. 

Iris whitish-grey ; legs and feet grey ; skin of the face 
livid white ; bill whitish-grey. 

Types in Coll. J. Delacour, @. Mailanh (Annam), 
15.4.24. 9. Lake Babé (Tonkin), 1.5.24. 

Obs. 2 males, 1 female, and several living specimens from 
Quangtri and Lake Babé, 10.1.24-1.5.24, measure :-— 


31 [Vol. xlv. 

Males : Wing 218, 188 mm.; tarsus 73, 75 ; culmen 22, 23. 

Female: Wing 180; tarsus 59; culmen 20. 

Named in honour of Prof. A. Ghigi, of the Bologna 
University. : 

Sphenocercus apicaudus lowei, subsp. nov. 

Differs from S. apicaudus (Blyth) by its longer and more 
pointed tail, which is also greyer, the extreme tip only 
being green; head less yellowish, not contrasting with the 
neck and back ; the latter is of a darker and more uniform 
green; lower back and rump bright yellowish-green ; 
under tail-coverts whiter, with very little chestnut-brown ; 
and the yellow edgings of greater wing-coverts broader. 

Iris blue and reddish-brown ; bill bluish-grey; skin of 
face blue; legs and feet crimson. 

Types in Coll. J. Delacour. ¢. Laobao (Quangtri, 
Annam), 3.6.1923. 9. Laobao (Quangtri, Annam), 
15.2.1924, 

Obs. 1 male and 3 females from Laobao, 3.6.23-15.2.24, 
measure : | 

Male: Wing 160 mm.; tarsus 20 ; culmen 22. 

Females: Wing 159, 165, 162 mm.; tarsus 21, 20, 20; 
culmen 22, 22, 21; longest tail 227. 

Named in honour of Dr. Percy R. Lowe, Curator of 
Birds in the British Museum. 

Micropternus brachyurus annamensis, subsp. nov. 

Differs from M. b. fokiensis (Swinh.) in its smaller size, 
more barred wings and tail, much darker head, more barred 
but lighter body, while the rufous collar on the hind neck is 
of a brighter rufous. 

From J. b. holreydt Swinh., from Hainan, it differs in 
having more barred tail and wing and a darker head ; it is 
also a larger bird. 

Types in Coll. J. Delacour. ¢g. Hailang, Annam, 
ey tg24. 9. Hailang, 17.10.1923, 

Obs. 2 males and 2 females from Hailang and Hué, 
Oct. 17, 1923, to Feb. 6, 1924, measure :— 


Vol. xlv. ] 32 

Males: Wing 125,120 mm.; tarsus 19,19; culmen 23, 23 

Females: Wing 123, 122 mm.; tarsus 20, 19; culmen 
25. 24s | 

Iris dark brown ; bill and legs blackish-grey. 

Cyornis pallipes bannermani, subsp. nov. 

Differs from C. p. pallipes (Jerd.) and C. p. hainana 
O.-Grant, in having the middle of the throat and upper breast 
pure white ; abdomen white, washed with grey; a broad 
but not strictly defined bluish-grey belt across the lower 
breast. 

Iris brown ; bill black ; legs and feet horny-grey. 

Type in coll. J. Delacour. ¢. Khesanh (Quangtri, 
Annam), 22.2.1924. 

Wing 70 mm., tarsus 17, culmen 12, tail 58. 

Named in honour of Mr. D. Bannerman, of the British 
Museum. 

Garrulax moniliger pasquieri, subsp. nov. 

Differs from other races of G. moniliger in its smaller size 
and in having the upper back of a more vivid reddish-brown, 
contrasting sharply with the head and remaining upper 
parts ; pectoral collar browner, with less black and flank 
strongly splashed with brown. 

Iris yellow ; bill black, edged with horny-brown ; legs 
and feet grey. 

Types in Coll. J. Delacour. ¢@. Khesanh (Quangtri, 
Annan), 26.2.1924. 9. Khesanh (Quangtri, Annam), 
27.2.1924. 

Male: Wing 111 mm., tarsus 37, culmen 21, tail 115. 

Female: Wing 112 mm., tarsus 36, culmen 21, tail 116. 

Named in honour of M. P. Pasquier, Resident Superieur 
in Annam. 

Criniger tephrogenys annamensis, subsp. nov. 
Differs from C. t. henrici Oust., from Tonkin and Yunnan, 
in having the underparts much more tinged with yellow and 
the back of a much more olive-brown. 


33 [ Vol. xlv. 

Compared with the three specimens of C. t. henrici in the 
Paris Museum (including the types) our birds appear to be 
smaller, their wing varying between 99 and 112 mm., while 
the C. t. henrict measure 113, 112, and 115 mm. 

Two specimens from Cochin-China (Harmand, 1876 and 
1877) differ from our Annam birds in having the chest 
browner, underparts of a deeper yellow, back and tail more 
chestnut, with conspicuously paler shafts to the tail-feathers. 
Their wings measure 115 and 110 mm. 

Kloss’s birds from South Annam are referable to the 
present subspecies. 

Types in Coll. J. Delacour, @. Laobao, Quangiri, 
Annam, 13.2.1924. Wing 109mm. 2?. Laobao, Quangtri, 
Annam, 12.2.1924. Wing 103 mm. 

Obs. Hight males, two females. Laobao, Khesanh, Lang- 
khoai and Col des Nuages, 12th Feb. to 5th May, 1924, 
measure :— 

Males: Wings 102-112 mm; tarsus 19-20; culmen 17- 
i: 

Females: Wings 103, 99 mm.; tarsus 19, 18 ; culmen 
16,16. Iris reddish-brown ; bill and legs grey. 

Mixornis kinneari, sp. nov. 

Crown chestnut, blending into olive-brown on the neck ; 
this last colour extends to the upper parts, being greener on 
the neck and upper parts; supercilium and sides of the 
forehead yellow ; lores black; cheeks and ear-coverts dull 
yellow streaked with grey ; chin, throat, and upper breast 
bright yellow with conspicuous black shafts; rest of the 
breast yellow, with the base of the feathers grey ; flanks and 
rest of the underparts dull greyish-olive ; wings and tail 
brown, the primaries and four first secondaries having 
blackish inner webs ; the tail-feathers have faint dark cross- 
bars. 

Tris white ; bill slaty-brown, paler on edges; legs horny 
flesh-colour. 

Types in Coll. J. Delacour. ¢g 2. Hailang (Quangtri, 
Annam), 29.1,1924. | 


Vol. xlv.] 34 

Obs. One male, two females. Hailang and Quangtri, 
23.10.23-29.1.24, measure :— 

Male: Wing 60 mm. ; tarsus 16; culmen 12. 

Females: Wing 56, 58 mm.; tarsus 15, 19 ; culmen 
2%, 

Named in honour of Mr. N. B. Kinnear, Assistant Curator 
of Birds in the British Museum. 

Cissa chinensis klossi, subsp. nov. 

Resembles Cissa margarite Rob. & Kloss, from South 
Annam, but has the crest yellowish-green instead of golden- 
yellow, the forehead and fore part of the crown only being 
of that colour. By this same character and a stronger bill 
it differs from Siamese specimens. 

Tris crimson ; bill, legs, and feet coral-red. 

Type in Coll. J. Delacour. ¢&. Khesanh (Quangtri, 
Annam), 16.3.24. 

Obs. Two males, 1?. Khesanh and Quangtri, 6.3.23- 
16.3.24, measure :— . | 

Males: Wing 153, 144, 141 mm.; tarsus 45, 44, 43; 
culmen 305,33,:29 ; tail 20D/199<186:; 

Named in honour of M. C. Boden Kloss, Director of the 
Raffles Museum, Singapore. 

Athopyga siparaja mangini, subsp. nov. 

Differs from A. s.tonkinensis Hart.in having the general 
colour more carmine, not so scarlet-red ; the metallic-green 
forehead and anterior part of the crown does not extend so 
far, reaching only the line of the eyes; the rest of the crown 
is greyer and darker, without any yellow tinge. 

Female similar to @. siparaja siparaja. 

Tris dark brown ; bill blackish-brown above, light horny- 
brown below ; legs and feet dark brown. 

Types in Coll. J. Delacour. ¢@. Laobao (Quangtri, 
Annam), 14.2.1924. ¢. Vinhlinh (Quangtri, Annam), 
2.2.1924, 


35 [ Vol. xlv. 

Obs. Thirteen males, twofemales. Vinhlinh, Laobao, Mai- 
lanh, Langkhboai, Hailang (Quangtri), 2.2.1924~26.3.1924, 
measure :— 

Males: Wings 51-56 mm. ; tarsus, average, 11 ; culmen, 
average, 17. | 

Females: Wings 46, 47 mm.; tarsus 10, 10; culmen 
MiG, -A 7 

Named in honour of Prof. L. Mangin, Director of the 
Paris Museum. 

Admiral Lynes gave a short account of his ornithological 
experiences last summer in the Sous country of South 
Morocco, which the French authorities kindly permitted him 
to visit and in which they gave him every facility to collect. 

He had written an account of this trip for the ‘ Archives 
Scientifiques du Protectorat Francais,’ edited by Dr. Jacques 
Lionville, the well-known Marine Biologist, and the account 
would appear shortly. It would be in English, with a 
résumé in French. 

The London Agents for this and other publications of the 
Société des Sciences Naturelles de Maroc were Messrs. Janson 
& Sons, 44 Great Russell Street, W.C. 1. 

Dr. Ernst Hartrert described a new bird from Mada- 
gascar as follows :— 

Neomixis flavoviridis, sp. nov. 

It is somewhat difficult to say to which genus this new 
species belongs; it agrees with Neomiais (Madagascar), but 
the tail is longer, more abruptly graduated, the outer rectrix 
being 27 mm. shorter than the longest (central) pair. In the 
shape of the tail it agrees with the African Apalis, which, 
however, has a stronger, less sharply pointed bill. For the 
time being I do not separate the bird from Neomiais. A 
single male was shot in November 1922 by Mr. W. F. H. 
Rosenberg’s collector. 

3 ad. Upperside olivaceous-green, top of head more 
brownish ; lores and cheeks whitish, with dark brown outer 
edges to the feathers ; ear-coverts more blackish; round the 


Vol. xlv. | 36 

eye some whitish dots; behind the eye an indistinct pale 
yellowish superciliary line ; underside yellow, brightest on 
the throat ; sides and under tail-coverts olivaceous-greenish ; 
remiges dusky brown, inner webs bordered with pale yellow, 
outer webs of the colour of the back ; tail uniform, like the 
upperside of the body ; bill (in skin) blackish-brown, under 
mandible and cutting-edge partially pale; feet (in skin) 
brown. 

Bill (from forehead) 14 mm., left wing 55, tail 59, 
tarsus 17°5. 

Hab. Analamazastra, Madagascar. 

The generic names Hrvessa and Dauria being preoccupied, 
Neomizis Sharpe must be used, as shown by Oberholser. 

Type in the Tring Museum. 

Dr. Ernest Harterr also exhibited a Desert Lark, which 
he described as follows :-— 7 
Ammomanes deserti payni, subsp. nov. 

Very similar to A. d. algeriensis, but upperside slightly 
darker and decidedly more rufous, especially on the rump, 
underside more brownish. Dimensions as in A. d. algeriensis, 
but bill perhaps larger on average ; only five examined. 

Habitat. S.W. Algeria and neighbouring parts of 
E. Morocco, Figuig, Ain-Sefra. 

Type. Gad. Figuig, .19.ii.1924. W. A. Payn coll. 
In Tring Museum. 

Named after Lt.-Colonel W. A. Payn. In Nov. Zool. 
1914, p. 192, Lord Rothschild and I have already mentioned 
the more rufous colour of two specimens collected by us near 
Ain-Sefra, but as they were in very worn plumage, having 
been collected in May, we did not venture to name them. 
Three specimens from March, shot near Figuig, however, 
confirm the differences, and I have pleasure in naming this 
race in honour of Col. Payn. 

Prof. P. P. SusHKin gave a résumé of the taxonomical 
results of his morphological studies of the Fringillids and 


DT [ Vol. xlv. 

allied groups. The family Fringillide, as Judged by the 
characters exhibited by the bony palate, the syrinx, and the 
external features of the horny palate, proves to consist of 
three distinct divisions which may be named the Cardueline, 
the Passerine, and the Emberizine. 

(1) The Cardueline division may be divided into three 
branches as follows: (a) includes, as far as one can judge 
from the genera examined, only one genus—fringilla ; 
(6), which is purely American, comprises the Cardinaline 
section (Lichmondena, Cyanocompsa, Oryzoborus) ; while 
(c), mainly Palsearctic and Hthiopian, includes the rest, viz., 
Carduelis, Carpodacus, and Coccothraustes, | 

(2) The Passerine division, apart from peculiarities of 
anatomical structure, differs from the others in the moulting 
of the juvenile quills and tail-feathers in the first autumn, 
as well as in the construction of dome-shaped nests, and in- 
cludes the genera Passer, Gymnorhis, Petronia, Pyrgilauda, 
Montifringiila (alpicola and nivalis), while 

(3) The Emberizine division comprises a number of 
genera— Palrearctic, Ethiopian, Nearctic, and Neotropical, 
the American genera forming a group by themselves. 

Sketches of Soft Palates of 

Carpodacus erythrinus, Passer domesticus, Emberiza citrinella. 

In regard to relationships to other neighbouring families 

the Passerine division must be referred, from its anatomy, 

moults, and the construction of the nest to the Ploceide, 
probably as a subfamily. 

The Emberizine division proves to have relations or 


Vol. xlv.] 38 

affinities with (a) the Tanagridz, of which some are to be 
transferred to the Emberizz, (b) the Icteride of which the 
least specialized forms like Molothrus are with difficulty 
distinguishable, (c) the Cerebidee, in which family the 
structure of the tongues is only an exaggeration of the 
features to be found in the Emberizine division ; while the 
osteological features are extremely close. The Cardueline 
division is more closely related to the Ploceo-Passerine group 
than to the Emberizine; and the Drepanididee seem to 
present another related group. 

These relations may be expressed by the following 
scheme :— 

Superfamily Hmberizoiden. 
Icteridee. 
Coerebide. 
Tanagride. 
Emberizide. 
Superfamily Pringilloider, 
Fringillidee (Fringilline, Cardinaline, 
Cardueline). 
Ploceidee (Passerinee, Ploceinse, Viduinee). 
Drepanidide. 

In regard to some difficult cases, Lowa belongs to the 
Cardueline ; Montifringilla of the Cat., Brit. Mus. is com- 
posed of six species belonging to the Passerinze, and the 
rest belong to the Carduelinz.  Nesospiza, of Tristan 
@Acunha, shows unquestionable affinities to the primitive 
American Emberizide. Pitylus and Saltator are thick- 
billed Tanagers. Chaunoproctus seems to belong to the 
Cardinalinze, while the Mniotiltide have nothing to do with 
the whole assemblage. 

The independent appearance of similar features in non- 
related forms is of very frequent occurrence. But morpho- 
logical similarities of this kind are always, in our case, of 
adaptive origin, and must be classed as convergences and not 
as parallelisms. True parallelisms have been observed only 
in coloration. 


39 [ Vol. xlv. 

In the discussion which followed, Dr. P. R. Lower 
remarked that no one would realize better than such an 
eminent zoologist as Prof. Sushkin that in any classification 
the use of characters based on modifications due to feeding- 
habits was not so reliable as the employment of anatomical 
characters, not so prone to be affected—such, for instance, as 
those of the bony palate. He thought that most ornitho- 
logists would be surprised at the inclusion of the Icteridz 
and Ceerebidee with the Buntings and of the Drepanidide 
with the true Finches. 

Professor Susaxin exhibited some eges collected by 
himself in the Altai district and N.W. Mongolia, and sent 
by his correspondent from Lower Tunguzka, 60° N. lat., 
some of which are believed to be undescribed. 

A clutch of 5 eggs of Luscinia sibilans, taken 18. vii. 1912 
at Jeletzkoie, N.E. Altai. In character these egos were 
not unlike those of the genus Sazicola, being pale yellowish- 
grey with little gloss in ground-colour, faintly speckled with 
fine brown stippling, chiefly at the big end. Average size of 
clutch 18°54 x 13°76 mm. 

A clutch of 2 eggs of Budytes flava leucocephala, taken on 
13. vii. 1914 at Lake Achit Noor, Bassin of Kobdo, N.W. 
Mongolia, are bluish-grey in ground, marbled and speckled 
all over with grey-brown. Size 19°7x13°7 and LO ira 
13°6 mm. 

A clutch of 5 eges of Emberiza spodocephala spodocephala 
from Lower Tunguzka were streaked and marbled all over 
with brown, with innumerable finer spotting and_ streaks 
on a greenish-grey ground, with some gloss on the surface. 
Average size of 5 egos 18-9 15'1 mm. 

A clutch of 4 eggs of Emberiza godlewskii godlewskii from 
Central Altai, Katun river, was of the blue type, with 
interlacing blackish lines and spots. 

A clutch of 5 eggs of Turdus s. sibirieus from Lower 
Tunguzka averaged 28°18 x 20°86 mm., and resembled those 
of the better-known Japanese race. 

Three eggs of Oidemia stejnegert from the Plateau of 


Vol. xlv. | A() 

Chulyshman, Russian Altai, taken 12. vii. 1914, are warm 
reddish-buff in colour, and average 69°1 x 45:3 (dimensions 

and description by Rev. F. C. R. Jourdain) 

Prof. Susuxin also exhibited skins of Budytes flava 
leucocephala, whose breeding-grounds have been discovered 
by him at Lake Achit Noor, N.W. Mongolia, and of Leuco- 
sticle margaritacea, a mountain Finch with a very restricted 
range, found only in the §.E. corner of the Russian Altai 
and on one of the summits of Hastern Tarbagatai. 

Mr. EpGar CHaAncs criticised the remarks of Mr. Banyard 
made in the last number of the ‘ Bulletin’ in connection 
with the Cuckoo’s method of depositing her egg in the nest of 
the foster-parent. After some discussion it was suggested 
that this question be referred to independent witnesses for 
investigation. 

It was finally decided that the matter should be recon- 
sidered by the Committee *. 

Dr. G. C. Low exhibited a series of Dunlin skins (Calidris 
alpina alpina), and made some remarks upon the validity of 
the race C. a. schinzdi. The birds were obtained at the mouth 
of the Tay in Scotland on the 29th August, 1924, most of 
them being young birds in their first season, and just 
changing from summer to winter plumage. They were 
collected with a view of determining which race of Dunlin is 
usually met with on the Hast Coast of Scotland. Dr. C. B. 
Ticehurst, on examining them, had no hesitation in saying 
that they were C. a. alpinaand not C.a. schinzie. 

There do not appear to be very strong claims for the 

* | Ldita’s £ootnote.—The Committee have since considered this 
matter and have appointed Dr. Percy R. Lowe, Dr. G. C. Low, 
Mr. C. Oldham, and Mr. C. W. Mackworth-Praed to make arrange- 
ments with Mr. Bunyard and Mr. Scholey, or any others, with a view 
to securing evidence as to the method of deposition of the egg of the 
Common Cuckoo. The Committee also recommended that in the 
meantime no further discussion of this question, on the evidence at 
present available, be published in the pages of the ‘ Bulletin,’} 


41 [ Vol. xlv. 

recognition of the latter as a good race, as its area of distri- 
bution coincides closely with that of C. a. alpina, the 
measurements of the two overlap markedly, and they can 
only be separated from each other when in breeding-plumage, 
the winter birds and juveniles being indistinguishable. The 
moults also, according to Mrs. Meinertzhagen, are the same. 
The B. O. U. Committee, however, I understand, have 
decided, after discussion, to admit it as a good race. 

Mr. Grecory M. Matuews sent the following :— 

Lithelorms mouki keri, new name for Gerygone pallida 
North, not Finsch. 

Mustersornis ruficollis gouldi, new name for Myiagra late- 
rostris Gould, not Swainson. 

Gelochelidon nilotica cloatest, new name for the bird 
figured in my ‘ Birds of Australia,’ vol. ii. plate 104, and 
described on p. 327, pt. 8, September 20th, 1912. Type- 
locality, Point Cloates, Mid-West Australia. 

Mr. Davip BANNERMAN forwarded the description of a 
new Bradornis, which he was describing at the request of 
Sur Frederick Jackson from his private collection :— 

Bradornis bafirawari, sp. nov. 

Adult male and female. Wntire upper surface from the 
forehead to the rump grey-brown, the rump slightly washed 
with buff. Primaries and secondaries and major coverts 
dusky brown, the secondaries and major coverts fringed 
with white on the outer web. Tail like the primaries in 
colour. lLores and eyebrow white, a dusky patch immedi- 
ately in front of the eye, and a narrow white line below the 
eye. Chin and throat white ; the breast, sides, and flanks 
ereyish, washed with buff. Belly and under tail-coverts 
pure white. ‘Thighs white, streaked with brown. Under 
wing-coverts almost white, with a few brownish feathers 
along the elbow. 

The bill, which is long and fine, measures 12-13 mm. (ex- 
posed culmen). Wing 77-79, tail 69~70, tarsus 20-22 min, 


Vol. xlv. | 42 

A female which is probably not quite adult is distinctly 
smaller—wing 73, tail 63 mm. 

Habitat. The specimens were all collected at Wajheir | 
(3000 ft.), 100 miles N.H. of the Lorian Swam, Juba Land 
Province. . 

Obs. In general coloration this new bird resembles most 
nearly B. griseus, but it may be distinguished easily from 
that species by the white under wing-coverts and the 
long fine bill—characters which I have failed to find in any 
other form. Both Dr. Stresemann and Professor Neumann 
have examined this bird, and inform me that they know 
nothing like it in the Berlin Museum. 

Nore.—I name this bird at the request of Sir Frederick 
Jackson after his native collector Bafirawar, who obtained it. 
Sir Frederick has kindly presented the type (¢ ad., Wajheir, 
3000 ft., 7. xi. 10) to the British Museum. 

NOTICE. 

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, 
the 10th of December, 1924, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT, 
42-48 Great Portland Street, W.1, the Dinner at 7 p.m. 

Members intending to dine are requested to inform the Hon. 
Sec., Dr. G. C. Low, 86 Brook Street, Grosvenor Square, W.1. 

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication 
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to 
give notice beforehand to the Editor, Dr. Percy R. Lowe, 
at the Nat. Hist. Museum, South Kensington, and to 
place in his hands not later than at the meeting MSS. for 
publication in the Bulletin. | 

(Signed) 
H. F. WirHersy, Percy R. Lowz, Gerorce C. Low, 
Chairman. Editor. Hon. Sec. § Treas. 


31 DEC.1924 

Pwy) 
He \ peo | e ’ 
fF an». \RULLETIN 
i & F ia ry re 
* z . : | : ? 
\t Z a x . i . 
S 
7 > 
a Ups, eae * has hl 
SAL HY} OF THE 

BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB. 

No. CCXCITL. 

Tag two-hundred-and-eighty-eighth Meeting of the Club 
was held at Pagani’s Fescktat on, 42-48, Great Portland 

Street, W., on Wednesday, December 10th, 1924. 
Chairman: H. F. Wiruersy. 

Members present: —W. Snore Batty; E. CO. Srvarr 
Baker; G. Brown; P. F. Bunyarp; E. P. Cuance ; 
Major R. E.. CHEEsMan ; Col. STEPHENSON R. CLARKE ; 
Capt. H. L. Cocnrane ; Major-General Sir Purcy Cox,; 
A. H. Evans; J. M. Ponce Major S. S. Frower ; 
The Hon. | ena Hacuisuka; Rev. J. R. Hate; Dr. E. 
Harrert; Rey. F.C. R. Jourpain; Dr. G. CG. Low (Hon. 
Sec. § Treas.); Dr. P. R. Lows (Lditor) ; Admiral H. 
ynus 2 6.. B, Mackwortn-Prazp; J. H. McNEItt ; 
G. M. Maruews; Colonel R. M#INERTZHAGEN ; D. W. 
_Moussetwuire; Q, OtpHAm; F. R. Rarcurr; B. B. 
Rivizre; W. L. Scuarer; H. Srevens; Capt. H. F. 
ae W. H. Toorrz; B. W. TUCKER ; J. SLADEN- 

Wina. 
Guests:—P. B. Leneto; W. W. A. Pures; G. T. 
STONEHAM ; Prince N. Hae erred aah Marquis of TAVI- 

stock ; H, rT: WALLER. 

[December 29th, 1924, VOL. XLV. 


Vol. xlv. | Ad 

Mr. W. L. ScLater communicated the following note on 
the validity of the species 

OREOMYIAS RIISI. 

So long ago as 1857 Dr. Hartlaub described (Syst. Orn. 
Westafr. p. 96) a Flycatcher, stated to have been obtained 
‘by the Swiss Collector Riis at Aguapim, a district of the 
Gold Coast, under the name Muscicapa riisi. The single 
example is in the Basle Museum, and has, so far as I can 
ascertain, remained unique to this day, though Reichenow in 
1902 proposed a new genus Oreomyias for its reception. 

Through the great courtesy and kindness of Dr. Jean 
Roux, Curator of the Museum of Natural History at Basle, 
I have had the privilege of examining this unique specimen. 

The bird had been mounted, and is now dismounted and in a 
somewhat worn condition. It shows no likeness to any 
African bird with which I am acquainted, but on showing 
the bird to Mr. Wells he suggested that it closely resembled 
the female of Cyornis magnirostris, a well-known Himalayan 
bird. The only point in which it differed was in the length 
of the tarsi, which were considerably longer, but a careful 
examination of the legs of the Basle specimen revealed the 
fact that they had been reversed, and it seems probable that 
when the bird was mounted many years ago a pair of legs 
which did not belong to it may have been inserted in place 
of the rightful ones, and that some mistake in the labelling 
may have occurred at the same time. 

At any rate, until a second example of a bird resembling 
the type of Oreomyias riist is secured from the Gold Coast 
Colony, I consider that it will be best to regard it as a 
synonym of Cyornis magnirostris (Biyth). 

Mr. W. L. Scuarer also made some observations on the ~ 
genus Pedilorhynchus :— | 

This genus was formed by Reichenow (Journ. Orn. 1892, 
p- 34) for a little bluish Flycatcher obtained by Stuhlmann at 
Mangongo, near Kampala, which he named Pedilorhynchus 
stulhmannt. 

That the genus is a good one and is quite distinct 


45 - 1 Mol sali 

from Alseonax is proved by its unspotted nestling, apart 
from the characters of the rounded tail and the extra- 
ordinarily broad bill. 

An examination of the ample material in the British 
Museum collection leads me to believe that four races can 
be distinguished as follows :— 

~P. comiratus comitatus | Butalis comitatus, Cassin, Pr. 
Acad. Philad. 1857, p. 35: Muni River, Gaboon |. 

With a smaller bill averaging 80 mm. from the nostril to 
the tip, a clearly marked white chin and throat, a somewhat 
ill-defined slaty band across the breast, and a good deal of 
white on the abdomen. 

Distr. Gaboon, Portuguese Guinea (Landana) and northern 
Angola (N'Dalla Tando). 

P. COMITATUS CAMERUNENSIS [ Pedilorhynchus stulhmanni 
camerunensis Reichenow, Journ. fiir Orn. 1892, p. 183: 
Buea, Cameroon Mt.}. 

Bill perhaps averaging slightly larger ; the white throat 
less well defined and the whole of the rest of the under- 
parts bluish-slaty, hardly any white on the abdomen. 

Distr, Cameroon. 

P. COMITATUS STUHLMANNI [| P. stuhlmannii Reichenow, 
Journ. fiir Orn. 1892, pp. 34, 182, pl. i. fig. 1: Mangongo, 
near Kampala]. 

Resembling the typical race in having a darker breast- 
band and a good deal of white on the abdomen and with a 
distinctly larger bill. 

INstribution. Uganda, Semliki Valley, the Uele district 
(Bellima [Hun], Gudima River | Alewander]). 

P. comitatus aximensis, subsp. n. 

This race is far the most distinct, as it has much more 
‘extended white on the abdomen generally with a slight 
tawny or fulyous wash ; the white on the throat is well- 
marked and the slaty band across the chest is distinctly 
paler and greyer than that in the Uganda and typical races. 

Type in the British Museum, a male from Axim, Gold 
Coast, 27 Febr., 1911 (Willoughby P. Lowe). Iteg. no. 1911, 
12.18, 219, 


Vol..xlv.| | 46 

Distr. Only known from the Gold Coast Colony ; eight 
other examples in the British Museum collected by Ussher, 
Aubinn, Blissett, and B. Alexander. 

The wing-measurements of all the races vary from 60- 
65 mm., that of the type of P. c. aximensis is 64 mm. 

Dr. Ernst Harrert. described a new Hornbill as 
follows :— 

Rhyticeros plicatus mendanez, subsp. nov. 

The males of Rh. plicatus from the Solomon Islands 
differ from those of Rh. plicatus rujficollis from Waigiou, 
New Guinea, and adjacent islands, in having the neck above 
and below paler, being brownish-golden buff instead of pale 
chestnut in a varying degree. They are, thus, much lighter 
than males of Rh. plicatus plicatus from Ceram, in which the 
neck is constantly of a true chestnut (cf. Nov. Zool. 1914, 
pp. 99-100). The bare throat-patch is also smaller than in 
Kh, p. rujicollis. I therefore separate the Solomon Islands 
form, naming it in remembrance of Mendana, the discoverer 
of the group, which he named the Solomon Islands, having 
the idea that they were the islands from whence Solomon 
derived his gold. At Tring we have specimens from 
Guadalcanar, Isabel, and Fauro in the Solomon group, and 
there is one from the Shortland Islands in the British 
Museum. I[ had a large series of Rh. p. ruficollis for 
comparison. | 

Hab. Solomon Islands. 

Type in the Tring Museum. ¢ ad. Guadaleanar, 1. v. 
1901. A. S. Meek Coll. No. 3065. 

The Hon. Masavust Hacuisuxka exhibited, on behalf of 
Prince N. Taka-Tsukasa, an example of Pseudotadorna 
cristata Kuroda, and said :— 

This very interesting Duck was obtained in April 1877 
near Vladivostok, and is now preserved in the Zoological 
Museum of Copenhagen. The specimen was kindly sent 
over to the Natural History Museum of South Kensington, 
through the kindness of the Vice-Inspector, Mr. R. 


AT [ Vol. xlv. 

Horring, in order that it might be examined by Prince 
Taka-Tsukasa. 

The same specimen was once before sent here to 
Mr. Sclater for determination. Mr. Sclater then gave it as 
his opinion (P. Z.S. 1890, p. 1, pl. i.) that the bird was a 
hybrid between the Ruddy Sheldrake and the Falcated Teal. 

In 1916, Dr. Kuroda obtained a second specimen at 
Naktung River, near Fusan, Corea. He has described it in 
‘Tori’ (The Aves), vol. il. no. 9, page 239, as a new genus 
and species, naming it Pseudotadorna cristata. 

When he described this bird Dr. Kuroda thought it might 
be a male, bnt shortly afterwards Mr. Uchida found a 
picture which is preserved by Viscount Matsudaira, and which 
he thought might well be the male of the Duck described by 
Dr. Kuroda. He examined some very old Japanese books 
and came across a description of this bird in a book called 
** Kanbunkinpu.” From this he found that the bird shown 
in Viscount Matsudaira’s picture is the male and the 
Kuroda specimen the female of the same species. The 
most interesting point, however, is that this rare Duck was 
known to the Japanese nearly 200 years ago. In more than 
one avicultural book there are drawings of a male and a 
female of the bird called ‘ Chosen-oshi,” meaning Corean 
Mandalene Duck. It does not appear from these books that 
the bird was particularly rare—in fact, it was often imported 
as an aviary bird. 

Since then two or three other pictures of these birds have 
been found, and the two are always shown as a pair. 

On this ground, and also because the Kuroda specimen 
has a pale-coloured bill and feet, as well as a different 
pattern of wavy black and white cross-bars, I am strongly 
of opinion that the bird is not a hybrid as the late 
Mr. Sclater considered, but a real species as Dr. Kuroda 
thinks. 

This summer, Dr. Kuroda succeeded in obtaining a 
supposed male specimen of this Duck, which wholly agrees 
with the description in the old book (‘ Kanbunkinpu’), and 
he described the specimen in ‘Tori,’ vol. iv. no. 18, p. 181, 
1924). 


Woke lee 48 

In the discussion following, Dr. E. Harterr said that the 
question if the so-called Pseudvtadorna cristata was a hybrid, 
as supposed by P. L. Sclater in 1890, or a distinct species 
was in his opinion by no means decided. It was rather 
suspicious that since 1890 only three specimens should have 
been obtained in countries where, after all, a lot of collecting 
had been done. The reports of the frequency in olden times 
were not scientific records, and could not be taken too 
seriously. He also called attention to the fact that hybrids 
between Nyroca ferina and Nyroca nyroca were described 
in Hurope as “ Fuligula homeyert,” and hybrids between 
Bucephala clangula and Mergus albellus as Mergus anatarius, 
and that it took some time before their real nature~was 
generally understood. He recommended experiments in — 
pairing Casarca ferruginea with Anas falcata. 

Errata (vol, xlv. p. 92) :— 

Cyornis pallipes bannermani. 

Line'12; for 9° read 3 

NOTICE. 

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, 
the 14th of January, 1925, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT, 
42-48 Great Portland Street, W.1, the Dinner at 7 p.m. 

Members intending to dine are requested to inform the Hon. 
Sec., Dr.G. C. Low, 86 Brook Street, Grosvenor Square, W.1. 

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication 
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to 
give notice beforehand to the Editor, Dr. Percy R. Lowe, 
at the Nat. Hist. Museum, South Kensington, and to 
place in his hands not later than at the meeting MSS. for 
publication in the Bulletin. ] 

(Signed) 
H. F. WITHERBY, Percy R. Lowz, Georce C. Low, | 
Chairman. Editor. fon. Sec. §& Treas. 
mo 
cS & 
Aug 
Se) 


hogs J Ob UL L Oe ‘IN 
SPAL 14\91O- 

~ ‘3 
we ma 

OF THE 

at od 
os 

RITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB. 

re 

OS amr, 
a 
“eR 

Dre 
. 

No. CCXCITITI. 

Tar two-hundred-and-eighty-ninth Meeting of the Club 
was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48, Great Portland 
Street, W.,on Wednesday, January 14th, 1925. 

Chairman: H. F. WitrHerpsy. 

Members present:—W. Snore Batty; ©. BE. Baker ; 
D. A. Bannerman; P. F, Bunyarp; A. L. BUTLER ; 
Hon. G. L. CHarreris ; Major R. E. Cuezsman; J. P. 
S. Crarke; R. H. Duane; Capt. F. W. Dewuurst ; 
A. Eizra; Rev. J. R. Hatz; 8. H. Hart; Dr. E. Har- 
TERT; Rev. F.C. R. Jourpain; N. B. Kinnear; : Dr. G. 
C. Low (Hon. Sec. § Treas.) ; Dr. P. R. Lown (Editor) ; 
ne pens: C2 > W. Mackwortu-Pragp; Lt.-Col. H. 
Macrary ; G. M. Marnews; T. H. N EWMAN; ©. OLDHAM; 
C. B. Rickerr; C. H. Roper; Lord Roruscuitp 6 ow... 
SCLATER; Major A. G. L. Stapen; H. Srevens 2 Capt. EL: 
F. Stonenam ; W.H.Tuorre; B. W. Tucker ; EH. Vaupy ; 
J. SLADEN-Wine ; C. pz Worms. 

Guests:—Count Boprinskoy; W. H. Harr sx) Racelee 

ites Cant. Ro G. Hineston ; A. Maturws; B. EB. 

STONEHAM. 

[January 31st, 1925.1 a VOL. XLV. 


Vol. xlv.] 50 

Mr. W. L. SouaTer offered the following revision of the 
genus Batis :— 

Since the publication of Reichenow’s ‘ Vogel Afrikas ’ 
large number of additional species and races of this genus 
have been described, and a revision of the genus is certainly 
required. This I have endeavoured to give in the following 
synopsis. Since 1904, the only attempt at a revision was 
that of Neumann (Journ. f. Orn. 1907, pp. 348-358), of 
which I have made constant use. 

I am deeply indebted to Dr. H. Grote of Berlin for some 
notes on Batis reichenowi and B. mystica, two species which 
are not in the collection of the Natural History Museum, 
and to Dr. EH. Stresemann for information in regard to the 
type-locality of B. soror. 

Genus Batis Boie. 

Batis Boie, Isis, 1833, col. 880: type by subsequent 
designation (Sharpe, Cat. Bds. B.M .iv. p. 133, 1879), Batis 

capensis. 

BATIS CAPENSIS CAPENSIS [Muscicapa capensis Linn. Syst. 
Nat. 12th ed. i. p. 327, 1766: Cape of Good Hope]. 

Distr. South Africa from the Cape Town neighbourhood 
along the southern coastal portions of Cape Province to 
Natal, Zululand, and the eastern portion of the Transvaal. 

BaTIS CAPENSIS ERYTHROPHTHALMA [B. erythrophthalma 
Swynnerton, Bull. B. O. C. xix. p. 109, 1907: Chirinda, 
S. Rhodesia]. 

Distr. The Melsetter district of Southern Rhodesia. 

Only distinguished from the typical race by its smaller 
size and by its iris, which is red or partially red, not yellow. 

BATIS CAPENSIS DIMORPHA [| Pachyprora dimonpha Shelley, 
Ibis, 1893, p. 18: Milanji Plateau |. 

DNstr. Nyasaland, apparently on the high plateau only. 

This race only differs from B. ¢. capensis in having the 
flanks of the male white without rufous. 


51 [ Vol. xlv. 

BATIS REICHENOWL Grote, Orn. Monatsb. xix. p. 162 
(1911): Mikindani in the Lindi district of Tanganyika 
Territory. 

MNstr. Only known from the type-locality. 

The male resembles B. c. dimorpha. The female appears to 
resemble that of B. mixta, but is much paler below with a 
white throat and belly, and only a pale narrow rufous band 
across the breast and a slight wash of the same colour on the 

flanks (see J. f. O. 1912, pl. vill. tig. 1). 

Batis mixta [Pachyprora muta Shelley, Proc. Zool. Soc. 
1889, p. 359, pl. xl.: Kilimanjaro at 6000-7000 ft. ]. 
_ Distr. Kilimanjaro, Simba hills, and Usambara (Wilhelm- 
stal) in Tanganyika Territory. | 

This species can be at once distinguished by its extra- 
ordinarily short tail. 

Batis MINULLA [Platystetra minulla Bocage, Jorn. Lisboa, 
v. p. 37, 1874: Biballa]. | 

Mstr. Angola northwards to Landana (Portuguese Congo). 

This and the next species are superficially like the “ minor’”’ 
group, but can at once be separated by the white under 
wing-coverts. 

Batis poensis [ B. poensis Alexander, Bull. B.O.C. xiii. 
p- 34, 1903: Bakaki, Fernando Po]. 

Misty, Fernando Po, Gold Coast, Southern Nigeria, and 
Cameroon. 

Batis minima [Platystira minima J. & E. Verreaux, Rev. 
Mag. Zool. 1855, p. 219: Gaboon]. 

Distr. Confined to Gaboon. 

This, one of the smallest species, is a rare one, and the 
female is unknown, but it probably resembles the male, as is 
also probably the case with B. iturtensis and certainly with 
B. diops. 

BATIS ITURIENSIS [B. sturiensis Chapin, Amer. Mus. Nov. 
no. 7, p. 5, fig. 2, 1921: Gamangui, Ituri distr. |. 

Distr. Only known from the type from the N.H. Belgian 
Congo. 

a2 


Vol. xlv.] 52 

The form only differs from the preceding by having a 
black instead of an ashy-black chest-band. The female is 
unknown, but probably resembles the male. 

Batis piops [ B. diops Jackson, Bull. B. O. C. xv. p. 38, 
1905 : Ruwenzori]. 

Distr. Ruwenzori and the voleanic mountain region of 
the Kivu -district, where it was obtained recently by 
Gyldenstolpe. The sexes are undoubtedly similar. Probably 

this and the two preceding species should form a little group 
by themselves. 

Batis Monitor moLitor [Muscicapa molitor Hahn & 
Kiister, V6g. aus Asien, Lief. xx. pl. 2, 1850: South Africa, 
i.e. Kaffirland (see Neumann, J. f. Orn. 1907, p. 356) J. 

Distr, Kastern Cape Province, Natal, Transvaal, Bechuana- 
land, and Damaraland. 

Baris MoLIToR soroR [.B. puella soror Reichenow, Vég. 
Afr. ii. p. 485, 1903: Quilimane (see “J. 1) Ora. “iga7, 
pe218))|. 

Distr. Portuguese Hast Africa, the lower valley of the 
Zambesi including the Shire valley and southern Nyasaland, 
and north along the coast to Zanzibar. 

This race is distinguished by the narrower black breast- 
band in the male and the much paier tawny breast-band and 
chin-spot in the female. I consider 6. molitor littoralis 
Neumann, J. f. Orn. 1907, p. 350 (Zanzibar Island), and 
B. soror pallidigula v. Someren, Bull. B. O. ©. xli. p. 103, 
1921: Lumbo, Mozambique, as indistinguishable. 

BATIS MOLITOR PUELLA | Batis puella Reichenow, Jahrb. 
Hamburg Wissensch. Anst. x. lte Heft. p. 125, 1893: 
type in the Berlin Museum from Bussisi, 8. shore of 
- Victoria Nyanza. 

Distr. Uganda, the roe district of the Bel gian Conga 
and Kenya Colony from Ruwenzori, Mt. ao and the 
Northern Guaso Nyiro south to Lake Nyasa, the upper valley 
of the Zambesi and Angola, including Northern Rhodesia 
and Katanga. Not the coastal districts of Hastern Africa. 

This race differs from B. m. molitor in having the breast- 


53 [ Vol. xlv. 

band slightly narrower in both sexes, while in the female it 
is of a very rich chocolate-brown, darker than that of either 
molitor or soror. 

I can find no distinctive features in B. m. taruensis v. 
Someren, Bull. B. O. C. xli. p. 103, 1921: Maungu, Kenya 
Colony, the type of which I have examined, nor do I think 
B. m. montana Sjostedt, Kilimandjaro Meru Exped. in. 
p. 109, 1908: Kilimanjaro, at 6000 ft., is separable. 

Batis pririt [ Muscicapa pririt Vieillot, N. Dict. d’Hist. 
Nat. xxi. p. 486, 1818: Lower Orange River, ew Levaillant]. 

Distr. Benguella through Damaraland to Little Namaqua- 
land and east to the western borders of the Orange Yree- 
State Province and to Colesberg in Cape Province. 

The male of this species can only be distinguished from 
that of B. m. molitor by its smaller size. In the female the 
chin and chest is washed with pale orange-rufous, and there 
is no,definite breast-band as in B. molitor. In southern 
Angola and northern Damaraland the two forms, B. m. moli- 
tor and BL. pririt, are apparently found side by side. Had it 
not been for this, prirzt might very well have been considered 
a subspecies of molitor. 

Batis MINOR MINOR [B. ortentalis minor Erlanger, Orn. 
Monatsb. 1901, p. 181: Salole, Juba River]. 

Nistr. Southern Somaliland. 

I follow Neumann (J.f. Orn. 1917, p. 352) in ranging 
the species from north-eastern Africa in two groups—the 
B. orientalis group with a grey crown and the Bb. minor 
group with a black crown, though I am inclined to think 
that they should all form one widespread species when we 
know more of them. I have seen no examples of the present 
race, the type of which is in the Erlanger Collection. 

Batis MINOR ERLANGERI [B. m. erlangeri Neumann, J. 
f. Orn. 1917,-p. 353: Gara Mulata, near Harrar ]. 

Jistr. Krom Harrar south-westwards to the Abyssinian 
Jake-district and the borders of the Sudan.° 

Very similar to BL. m. minor, but slightly larg.r: wing 
60-67, against 50-55 mun. 


Vol. xlv. ] 54 

BaTIs MINOR SUAHELICUS |B. m. suahelicus Neumann, 
J. £. Orn. 1907, p. 353: German Hast Africa]. 

Distr. Coastal districts of Eastern Africa from Lamu to 
Dar es Salaam. 

Like B. m. erlangeri, but the crown with metallic-black ; 
the breast-band of the female narrower and slightly paler : 
wing 55 to 60 mm. 

BATIS MINOR NYANZE [B. m. nyanze Neumann, J.f. Orn. 
1907, p. 354: Kwa Mtessa, Uganda]. 

Distr. The Upper White Nile district south of Malakal 
and the central and southern districts of the Bahr el Ghazal 
south to Uganda and Tanganyika Territory (Morogoro distr.). 

This race is very close to suahelicus, but a little larger : 
wing 60-65 mm. It is a dark-backed race as compared to 
the next one. 

BATIS MINOR CHADENSIS [B. chadensis Alexander, Bull. 
B.O.C. xxi. p. 105, 1908: Arrigi, Lake Chad]. 

Distr. The northerly parts of Northern Nigeria and Lake 
Chad east through Dafur and Kordofan to lower part of the 
White Nile Valley, the Blue Nile, and the Red Sea Province 
of the Egyptian Sudan. 

This race is distinguished by its paler back in both 
sexes, and probably intergrades at its eastern borders with 
B. orientalis. 

Batis MINOR BATESI [ 5. bella bates: Bannerman, Bull. 
B.O.C. xliv. p. 4, 1923: Bamenda, Cameroon Highlands]. 

Distr. Only known from the two original examples ob- 
tained by Mr. Bates. 

This race is characterized by its larger bill and broad 
chest-band, which in the female is paler than that of B. m. 
nyanzw, while it has the darker back of the last-named form. 

BATIS MINOR CONGOENSIS | Batis minor congoensis Neumann, 
J. f. Orn. 1907, p. 354: Ngombi on the Lower Congo |. 

Jvstr, The iower valley of the Congo, Portuguese Congo, 
and northern Angola. 

This race appears to be very doubtfully separable from 
B.m. nyanze. 


55 [Vol. xlv. 

BATIS ORIENTALIS ORIENTALIS | Platystira orientalis 
Heuglin, Orn. Nordost-Afr. i. p. 449, 1871: Modat valley, 
Bogosland (see Neumann, J. f. Orn. 1907, p. 350) ]. 

Distr. Abyssinia and Hritrea, but not the central high 
plateau, north to Erkowit in the Red Sea Province of the 
- Sadan, south to Shoa and the Hawash Country. 

BATIS ORIENTALIS BELLA [ Pachyprora bella Hlliot, Field 
Col. Mus. Publ. Orn. Chicago, i. p. 47, 1897: Hullier, 
Somaliland ]. 

Distr. Northern Somaliland and the Galla Country. 

This race is hardly separable from the preceding, the crown 
is perhaps a shade darker grey and the white spots on the 
rump larger and more conspicuous. 

Batis orientalis somaliensis Neumann, J. f. Orn. 1907, 
p- 357: Denek River, is a synonym. 

Through the courtesy of Dr. C. HE. Hellmayr, Curator of 
Birds, Field Museum, Chicago, I have been able to examine 
the type of Elliot’s bella, which is a grey-headed form, so that 
his name takes precedence of that of Neumann for this race. 

BATIS ORIENTALIS PERKEO [ Batis perkeo Neumann, J.f£.Orn. 
1907, p. 352: Darassam, Gurra, Gallaland ]. 

Distr. Southern Somaliland, Jubaland, Northern Frontier 
Province of Kenya Colony, and the adjoining districts of 
Abyssinia. 

Pome averica | Neumann; J... f. Orn. 1907, p. 594: 
Kikumbulin, Ukamba ]. 

This species is founded on two males only, the type and 
another example, obtained in Makindu also in Ukamba 
Province of Kenya Colony. It appears to be allied to 
B. orientalis, but has little or no white edging to the tail- 
feathers. 

BaTIS SENEGALENSIS [ Muscicapa senegalensis Linnzeus, 
Syst. Nat. 12th ed. i. p. 327, 1766: Senegal J. 

Distr. Senegal to the Gold Coast, Togoland and Nigeria, 
east to Kaga Djirri in the Shari-Ubangi district. 

The females of this form can be at once distinguished by the 


Vol. xlv. | 56 

rufous wash over the white on the crown, nape, and wings, 
and by the olive-brown tinge of the back. The males are 
hardly distinguishable from those of the B. minor group. 
B. s. togoensis appears to be a synonym (see Bannerman, 
Rey. Zool. Afr. ix. p. 417). 

Batis Fratrum [| Pachyprora fratrum Shelley, Ibis, 1900, 
p. 522: Zululand |. 

Jyistr. Zaluland, north to*the Beira district. 

This species is at once distinguished by the fact that the 
male never has a black chest-band. | 

Batis sheppardt Haagner, Ann. Transvaal Mus. 1. p. 179, 
pl. ii. figs. 1, 2, 1909: Mzimbiti near Beira, is a synonynr 
(see Roberts, Ann. Transvaal Mus. iv. p.171). 

Key of the Species. 
(a) Males (except B. fratrum) with a black breast-band. 

1. Under wing-coverts white edged with black.. 2. 

Under wing-coverts black throughout ...... 10. 
2. With rusty-red on the flanks .............. 3. 
Flanks without rusty-red ......... Be anes ee 4, 
B, Larsen, iris, yellows}: 0 ene. Le eee capensis. 
Smaller awrieeds (2. Meche trees cian tame tne ree erythrophthalma. 
4. No white spot on the lores or white eyebrow . 5. 
White spots on the lores or forehead ........ 6. 
6. Pail lounger over 40am i. Weg cee ih, eos ae dimorpha. 
Dail very shorg, under 40:mm.. oo. aod 0 morta. 
6. A distiner mieltalisnotre’. 2 eee: ce etre ake G 
No nuchal spotmsexes alike (OG. 0%)... «os 8. 
ive rown prey, like/the! bale die nmes cycle ose oe nunulla. 
Crown black, contrasting with the back .... poensis. 
Palarcer, wing overiG0 Mmamis: each: sob) oki th diops, $ & Q. 
Smaller, wing under SO mma oc a. tei ssi 9. 
9, Breast-band ashy-black...............02005 mmma, 6 & OP 
Tereapr-peme blacks. 4. Nu sine eee aoly aoe ciate eturiensis, 6 & DP 
10. With little white on the head only, a frontal 
Bporanmd p.line to the eye elites ite ae ols ie 

With more white on the head, generally sur- 
rounding the crown and forming a nuchal 


57 [ Vol. xlv. 

a barcer,wing, about GO mm...) . <2. 660/65 4 ». molitor, 
mmaller, wing about 95 mm... cae ee wre a) preret. 
. Crown grey, like the back ...... CY orientalis and subspecies. 
Crown dusky to black, contrasting with 
ee I ear cio 5 aia. Cx ed She minor, senegalensis, and subspecies. 

(6) Females with breast-band if present rufous, not black 
(including B. fratrum, both sexes). 

. Under wing-coverts white, with a black edging 
Plone the Gubler eden wie wie thals ooo 0s 2. 
Wander wine-coverts black) 3. cel.0c...i.0.-. 6. 
. Secondaries and wing-soverts edged with 
rufous, not white. 
Secondaries and wing-coverts edged with 
white, not rufous; chin white; chest, but 
MOMMA TUROUS SE Bie bh ees ue fratrum, 3. 
. Underparts rich rufous, including chin and [erythromorpha., 
flanks ; chest-band fuirly well defined .... capensis dimorpha 
Underparts pale rufous; chest-band hardly 

SrMMIAEO ly) MEMMEU h5 sins xis ses aac 6 a's 0 gs «0% 4. 
- Chest-band very well marked, no rufous on 

elim Or tank eel ee Dee ss Steal as 5. 
. Back washed with olivaceous, larger, wing 

res OO MMI Beery (o's Coss eye) af sein ohvs ase an mivta. 

Back vrey, like the crown, smaller, wing about 

MEET ye Prak As CL ole olgal'e ah'e eel clitiince! 46,0 g, 6a Jratrum, 2. 
. Chest-band broad and well defined, rich rufous ; 

Pero Srey like Wack: 0. ites ase Obes munulla. 

Chest-band narrower and very dark chestnut ; 
crown dusky to black, contrasting with 

Re hae ote) bia a ch A adalacd 8 ua! oie, « poensis. 
. A distinct chin-patch as well as a chest-band, [subspecies, 
separated by a white band .............. molitor and 

Chin and chest pale tawny, no band between. pririt. 
No chin-patch, only a well-defined chest- 

[13 ar pPaeaataiete Za sieteraweaneis sanerats). ; vi 
. Crown grey, back strongly apolted with mine - [subspecies. 
chest-band lighter and more tawny ...... orientalis and 
Crown dusky, back but slightly spotted, chest- 
band darker and more chocolate and nar- [ subspecies. 
MOSES. ii oF ice ana ad sper Ew OH eso PIE eo minor and 

Crown dusky, crown-stripes tawny not white ; 
chest-band paler tawny and wider,....... seneyalensis, 


Vol. xlv. | 58 

Mr. E. C. Stuart Baker deseribed the following new 
subspecies of Oriental birds :-— 

Ploceus manyar peguensis, subsp. nov. 

This race differs from both F. m. flaviceps and P. m. 
striatus in being much more richly coloured above, with 
broader deeper rufous edges to the feathers ; below the 
colour is a deeper fulvous, and the strize are broader, blacker, 
and more numerous. From typical P. manyar manyar it 
differs in being a little more rufous above, but principally in 
having far more striz below, these descending well on to the 
abdomen and flanks, and in having a less well-defined rufous 
breast. In P.m. manyar the breast is much more rufous than 
the abdomen and flanks, and the striz are practically con- 
fined to the breast alone. 

Measurements as in the other races. 

Distribution. Himalayan Terai from Garhwal to Eastern 
Assam; Northern Indian Plains in suitable localities to 
Bengal and North Orissa; Burma south to Tavoy ; Shan 
States, Siam, Yunnan, and Annam. 

Type, in the British Museum, ¢, Pegu (EH. W. Oates). 
Reg. No. 97.12.10. 717. 

PLOCEUS MANYAR STRIATUS Blyth, J. A. 8. B. xi. p. 873 
(1842) (Sind). 

This form must also be recognized. It is rather paler than 
P.m. flaviceps above and below, the strisee: are fewer and 
more narrow, and the black of the throat does not descend 
on to the breast. 

Distribution. Sind, Punjab, and N.W. Frontier. 

Munia malacca orientalis, subsp. nov. 

Similar to J/. m. malacca, but more richly coloured above— 
a deeper brighter chestnut. Underparts generaliy less black 
on the abdomen. 

Measurements as in AM. m. malacca. 

Distribution. Southern India, north to the Central Pro- 
vinees and west to Coorg, Mysore, and the Nilgiris. 

Lype, 3, 87.7.1.1937. Hume, Natural History Museum. 


59 [ Vol. xlv. 

Type-locality. Madras. 

Linneeus gives the localities for his Loaia malacca as 
China, Java, and Malacca. As no race of WM. malacca occurs 
in any of these countries, I designate the type-locality as 
Belgaum, West India. 

Uroloncha striata subsquamicollis, subsp. nov. 

Differing from U. s. striata, U. s. fumigata, and U. s. 
_ semistriata in having the abdomen stron gly streaked through- 
out with blackish brown. From U. s. acuticauda it differs 
in having the underparts more grey and more heavily 
striated ; the upper parts are darker and the fulvous edging 
to the feathers of the breast are more developed, giving this 
part a distinctly squamated appearance. From U. s. squa- 
miceps it can be distinguished by the dark brown, not rufous- 
brown lower breast, and by less bright and broad edging to 
the feathers of both the breast and neck. 

Type, in the British Museum, 3, Bankasoon, 2nd May, 
1877 (W. Davison), Hume coll. Reg. No. 87.7.1. 2347. 

L'ype-locality. Bankasoon, Tenasserim. 

Listribution. Burma from Tounghoo South to Singapore 
and Sumatra; Siam from Bangkok, or even further North, 
to the extreme South ; Cochin China (Tonkin), Hainan, and 
Formosa. This appears also to be the form found in 
S. Yunnan and Annam. 

Major A. G, L. Stapen exhibited, on behalf of ‘Capt. H. 
A. GILBERT, some photographs of the Golden Plover in 
breeding-plumage. Three of these, taken in Sutherlandshire, 
showed birds in the usual plumage with a conspicuous dark 
patch on the breast, a pronounced eye-stripe, and a white 
frontal band across the forehead. The fourth, taken in mid- 
Wales, showed a bird lacking the eye-stripe and frontal 
band, and with only a few dark feathers on the breast. All 
the photographs showed birds incubating or approaching 
their eggs. 

It was not sought from these pictures to argue the likeli- 
hood of the mid- Wales bird being a subspecies, because in 


Vol. xlv.] 60 

any case the data were entirely insufficient for any such 
deduction, but the photographs were at least interesting as 
showing the amount of individual variation which might 
occur in breeding birds. It was hoped that Capt. Gilbert 
would be able to procure further pictures of the mid-Wales 
birds next year. 

Lord RovruscHiLD said. the mid-Wales bird in the photo- 
graph was in his opinion a female, which, as a rule, was not 
so conspicuously marked as the male. 

Major R. G. Hinestron, I.M.S., gave a lantern demon- 
stration illustrating some forms of bird-life met with on the 
last Mt. Everest Expedition (1923-24). 


61 [ Vol. xlv. 

NOTICES. 

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, 
the 11th of February, 1925, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT, 
42-48 Great Portland Street, W. 1, the Dinner at 7 p.m. 

Members intending to dine are requested to inform the Hon. 
Sec., Dr.G. C. Low, 86 Brook Street, Grosvenor Square, W. 1. 

The Subscription for 1924-1925—-£1 1s. Od.—became due on 
the 1st of October last Members who do not pay this by Banker’s 
Order, or who have not already paid, will greatly oblige if 
they will send their remittance as soon as possible to the 
Treasurer, Dr. G. C. Low, 86 Brook Street, Grosvenor Square. W.1. 
$e ee ATE. WY I 

The attention of Members is drawn to the fact that the 
Sarch Meeting, which is held on Wednesday, March 11th, 
1925, in conjunction with the British Ornithologists’ Union, 
is devoted principally toh the exhibition of lantern-slides. 
The Hon. Secretary will be very glad to hear from any 
Member who has slides to exhibit, in order that. the necessary 

arrangements may be made. 
a 

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication 
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to 
give notice beforehand to the Editor, Dr. Percy R. Lowe, 
at the Nat. Hist. Museum, South Kensington, and to 

place in his hands not later than at the meeting MSS. for 
publication in the Bulletin. ] 

(Signed) 
H. F. Wrrnersy, Percy R. Lowz, Groras C. Low, 
Chairman. Liditor, flon. Sec. § Treas. 


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~— = OF THE 
Q 

BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB. 
No. CCXCIV. 

Tue two-hundred-and-ninetieth Meeting of the Club 
was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48, Great Portland 
Street, W.,on Wednesday, February 11th, 1925. 

Chairman: H. F. Wrruersy. 

Members present:—W. Suore Batuy; P. F. BUNYARD ; 
A. lL. Burner; Major R. E. Cusesman; Major-Gen. 
Sir Percy Cox; R. H. Duane; A. H. Evans 3 ie URAL P 
J. M. Fremine ; Major 8.8. Frower ; The Hon. Masavast 
Hacuisuka ; Rev. J. R. Hate; Rev. F. C. R. J OURDAIN ; 
Dr. G. C. Low (Hon. Sec. § Treas.); Dr. P. R. Lows 
(Editor) ; C. W. Macxwortu-Prarp; J. H. McNEILe ; 
Dr. P. Manson-Baur; G. M. Maruews; E.G. B. Mzape- 
Watpo; Mrs. R. Mererrzgacen; T. H. Newnan ; 
C. OtpHam ; R. H. Reap; C.B. Rickert; D. SETH-SM1TH ; 
H. Srevens; H. Kirke Swann; W. H. THorPre; B. B. 
Tucker ; J. SLADEN WING. 7 

Guests :—H}. HixpLe; Prince Taka-Tsukasa; L. J. 
TURTLE. 

[February 27th, 1925.1 a VOL. XLy. 


Vol. xlv.] 64 

Mr. H. Kirke Swann made the following communication 
on the races of the Golden Hagle (Aquila chrysaétos) :— 

The number of existing forms of the Golden Eagle is a 
thorny problem which has occupied the attention of ornitho- 
logists for more than a century. Everyone knows that 
Linnzeus described the Golden Hagle twice—firstly, under the 
name of Falco chrysaétos (Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 1. p. 88, 1758), 
and, secondly, under the name of Falco fulvus (t.c¢. p. 88). 
It is certain that the first description is that of the adult 
Scandinavian bird, because it’ is from the ‘ Fauna Svecica,’ 
and it is equally certain that /alco fulvus was described from 
an immature bird, but there all certainty ends. The habitat 
of both birds is given as “ Europe” in the ‘Systema,’ and 
the name fulvus has been treated by many writers as a 
synonym of chrysaétos, because it was supposed to be the 
young of that bird, but, if this were really the case, one 
would expect that name to be also inctuded in the ‘ Fauna 
Svecica.’ This omission is the principal reason for supposing 
that the Linnean description of fulrus was based upon a 
bird Linnzeus described as fulyus from some other part of 
Europe, and that this was the case may be seen by reading 
the two works cited by Linneeus. Willughby’s “ chrysaétos,” 
quoted by Linnzeus, was most probably not the Scandinavian 
bird, but his Ring-tailed Eagle was certainly the British 
bird, as was also Ray’s Aquila fulva, so that Aguila fulvus 
(Linn.) is ex Ray and is the correct name of the British 
race, irrespective of the fact that it was based upon an 
apparently immature bird, for Ray’s localities (Derbyshire 
and Wales) are quite definite *. 

Of course, the theory held by many writers of the past— 
for hundreds of years baek, in fact—that the “ ring-tailed ” 
or immature bird was a different species is well known in 
modern times to be totally erroneous, but most writers have 

* Although Willughby’s “Golden Eagle with a white ring about its 
tail ” was, of course, an immature bid, Ray, from whom the name and 
presumably the diagnosis are taken, described, not the parent bird, but 
the young bird in the Derbyshire nest, “almost adult and able to fly.” 


65 [ Vol. xlv. 

stumbled over that palpable fact and have jumped to the 
conclusion that therefore there was no difference in Golden 
Hagles from any part of the Palearctic area. Yet many of 
the best continental ornithologists have endeavoured for the 
past hundred years to establish the fact that Aquila chrysaétos 
was not the Golden Kagle of the greater part of Hurope, 
and it is this fact that I am now going to demonstrate, 
’ although on rather different lines to those followed by past 
exponents of the supposed differences. 

The battle for the rights of the various suppressed forms 
of Golden Eagle against the overshadowing claims of the 
Scandinavian bird may be said to have been commenced in 
1815 by Temminck, who, in the first edition of his ‘ Manual’ 
(p. 10), named the non-Scandinavian bird (that is, the Falco 
fulvus of post-Linnean authors) Falco regalis, pointing out 
that this was done to avoid future error. He was followed 
by numerous other Continental ornithologists, ending with 
Severtzow and Menzbier in our own times, but all, I think, 
fell into the same error of insisting upon the supposed 
different species either having a white base to the tail or 
having the basal portion of the body-feathers white at all 
ages—both of which characters, even if persistent in some 
particular race, are obviously Juvenile characters in most 
Golden Eagles. 

Unfortunately, the nomenclature of the Golden Eagles is 
in a most confused state, partly owing to the universal 
misapplication of the name fulvus of Linneus and partly 
owing to an equally universal misconception of the correct 
forms of the species. In fact, of the older names, chrysaétos 
may be regarded as the only fixed and definite one, owing to 
its being based upon the ‘ Fauna Svecica.’ 

Quite the most important contribution to the literature of 
the subject which appeared during the last century was, in 
my opinion, the treatise * of the Russian ornithologist, 

Dr. N. A. Severtzow, published posthumously by Menzbier 

* ‘¥tudes sur les variations d’age des Aquilinés paléarctiques et leur 
valeur taxonomique.’ 
a2 


Vol. xlv. | 66 

in 1885-88 in the memoirs of the Natural History Society 
of Moscow *. Severtzow had a great knowledge of his 
subject and treated it in a most painstaking manner, and if 
he was wrong in some of his conclusions he was equally 
right in many others. 

What Severtzow actually accomplished in the direction 
of straightening out the tangle of the Golden Eavles may 
be briefly summarised. He pointed out that Aquila chry- 
saétos (Linn.) was confined to the northern regions and 
made a separate species of it. The other Golden Hagles he 
divided into three species, viz., Aguila nobilis, Aquila fulva, 
and Aguila daphanea, the first and last with one form each, 
while the second he divided into seven forms, viz. :— 

1. A. f. canadensis (N. America), p. 179. 

2. A. f. kamtschatica (Kamtschatka), p. 180. 

3. A. f. japonica (Japan), p. 182. 

A. f. atlantica (British Islands), p. 182. 

A. f. homeyert (Balearic Is. and Algeria), p. 184. 
A. f. regalis (Central Europe), p. 185. 

A. f. barthelemys (S. France), p. 186. 

Of these seven forms Nos. 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6 are undoubtedly 
valid, while No. 2 is a synonym of the Siberian race (nobilis) 
and No. 7 a synonym of the Central Huropean race. No. 4, 
while valid, must be called .4. ¢. fulvus (Linnzeus). 

The whole synonomy in regard to Aquila fulva is wrong, 
for the simple fact that that name belongs to the British 
race only, and is not, as most ornithologists have ruled it, a 
synonym of chrysaétos based on a young bird, or, as Severtzow 
and others thought, a name for the Continental bird. 

Severtzow was, however, undoubtedly right, as previous 
ornithologists have been, in supposing there were two 
Golden Kagles in North ate Central Europe; the one (the 
Goidadler of the Germans) being the northern forest species, 
laying white or lightly marked eggs as a rule, and the other 
(the Steinadler of the Concer being the bird of the 

NS oO 

* ‘Nouveaux mémoires de la Société impériale des Naturalistes de 
Moscou,’ tome xy. livr, 3 et 5 (Moscou, 1885-88), 


67 [ Vol. xlv. 

Central and Southern European mountains and laying larger 
and more richly marked eggs—more like Scottish eggs, but 
larger. 

Severtzow’s great mistake was in endeavouring to make 
fulvus and nolilis Huropean species based on immature 
characters. He thought that the tail showed white in the 
young of the first and in the young and old of the second 
species, while A. chrysaétos, he stated, showed no white in 
either young or old. Further, he made his A. nobilis range 
through Europe mixed up with A. chrysaétos, of which it is 
really the immature stages. 

He was, in fact, an exponent of the theory that some 
Golden Hagles retain white at the base of the tail and at the 
base of the body-feathers at all ages. Now, these are 
juvenile characters in all Golden Eagles, and even if more 
or less retained in some individuals or races they remain bad 
characters on which to attempt to make or restore species. 
There is no doubt that some races evince a tendency to 
retain these characters in adult plumage, but, considering 
that the white area of the tail diminishes towards the root 
with each successive moult, it is hazardous to say that 
because an example of, say, three or four years old retains 
some white at the root, under the tail-coverts, it will retain 
it at five or six years; the case is the same with the white 
bases to the body-feathers. 

Nevertheless, it is undoubted that some races retain a large 
percentage of basal white in the body-plumage in apparently 
adult state, such a race being A. c. homeyert, while British 
birds also show a good deal of white basally. Yet Severtzow’s 
theory is disproved by the fact that old birds of A. ¢. cana- 
densis, one of the forms of his species fulva, show no white 
basally, while old Siberian birds also show none. The latter 
birds constitute the true form nobilis of Pallas, who, I con- 
sider, designated the large Siberian Golden Eagle by that 
name—a bird which has been overlooked by most writers 
since. 

Sharpe, in 1874, working from insufficient material, 
admitted but one species of Golden Hagle, which he called 


Vol. xlva] 68 

Aguila chrysaetus (Linneeus), although he actually described 
the British race, so that his description conveyed no idea of 
the bird he supposed he was describing. Dresser, in his 
‘Birds of Europe,’ described an Archangel male and a 
Spanish female, but figured both so badly that his plate is 
nearly useless for identification. Dr. Hartert, in 1914, 
departed from the insular standpoint of British ornitho- 
logists by allowing three forms, viz. A.c. chrysaétos, A. c. 
occidentalis, and A. c. daphanea, while in my ‘Synopsis’ 
(1922) I admitted four forms, as I felt A. c. canadensis was 
decidedly separable. Ridgway correctly diagnosed this form, 
and the tarsi differ, as he states, from those of the typical 
Scandinavian birds—a fact Gurney failed to quite appreciate 
when he compared them with Asiatic and other races. It is 
useless, for instance, to say that Ridgway was wrong because 
Central Asian birds have dark tarsi, since they form another 
distinct race*. Further, the tarsi are only one of. the 
characters by which American birds can -easily be. distin- 
guished. 

As general characters, the colour of the under wing- 
coverts, of the tarsi in adult and young, the tint of the hind 
neck in the adult and of the body-plumage below, with 
the presence or absence of rufous tints, are the best guides 
in judging races of Golden Hagles, and it will be found 
that these characters do not agree in any two. races of 
Golden Eagles I have separated. The colour of the upper 
parts of the body isa less material point in these as in so 
many other Raptorial birds, which exhibit only differences of 
environment, as a rule, on the upper parts of the body, while 
the lower parts always exhibit more strongly the primitive 
character and the evolution or mutation of the species, 
coupled with an accentuation of the differences caused by 
climate or environment. 

* There may be apparent exceptions to Ridgway’s diagnosis of the 
tarsi in case of really juvenile birds as against immature birds. Gurney 
instances one Lapland bird with “ brown” tarsi, certainly not juvenile 
but possibly immature, and two North American (one doubtful) with 
‘‘ white” and “ dirty creamy-white ” tarsi, both probably quite juvenile, 


69 [ Vol. xlv. 

The forms of the Golden Eagle, as I now characterise 
them, are eight in number, and the names and brief distin- 
guishing characters are as follow :— 

(1) AQUILA CHRYSAETOS CHRYSAHTOS (Linneus}, Syst. 
Nat. i. p. 88, 1758: Sweden. 

Moderate-sized light form; tarsi in adult pale brown 
mottled with whitish, in immature white mottled with pale 
brown, in juvenile pure white; plumage very pale; hind 
neck pale tawny with brownish edges and whitish tips ; chest 
rufescent butf with blackish stripes ; breast and belly tawny ; 
uuder wing variegated, the under wing-coverts pale rufous 
with dark centres ; wing 603-648 mm. 

Scandinavia to Finland and Baltic States, North and 
Central Russia, east to Ural Mountains, and probably 
W. Siberia. | 

(2) AQUILA CHRYSAHTOS REGALIS (Temminck), Man. 
Orn. ed. 1, p. 10, 1815: Europe; restr. type-loc. design. 
Severtzow, Yorclaz, Switzerland. 

Large dark form ; tarsi in adult brownish buff, in juvenile 
white, spotted with pale brown, in immature isabeila-white, 
mixed with rufous; plumage very dark, head and hind 
neck brown with paler tips ; no rufous below ; inner lining 
of wing wholly dark ; wing 620-714 mm. 

South Central Europe, from the mountains of Southern 
France to the Alps, Tyrol, mountains of Italy, Sardinia, and 
Upper Austria, Carpathians, and the Balkans to Greece. 

(3) AQUILA cHRysAiiTos FULVUS (Linneus), Syst. Nat. 
i, p. 88, 1758 : ex Ray—Derbyshire and Wales. 

Moderate-sized form; tarsi in adult light rufous-brown, 
in juvenile whitish, mottled with pale brown ; head and hind 
neck rufescent buff with dark brown centres to feathers ; 
plumage dark chocolate-brown, with rufous tinge on breast 
and belly and with white bases ; under wing-coverts uniform _ 
with breast ; wing 608-650 mm. 

British Islands. 


Vol. xlv.] 70 

(4) AQUILA CHRYSABTOS HOMEYERIT Severtzow, Nouv. 
Mém. Soc. Nat. Moscou, xv. p. 184, 1888: Balearte Islands 
and Algeria. 

Small form; tarsi in adult pale brown, in juvenile snowy- 
white ; hind neck dull light brown with buffish-white tips ; 
plumage very dark and dull without rufous tints ; wing 550- 
654 mm. 

Spain and Atlas range in North Africa. 

(5) AQUILA CHRYSAETOS CANADENSIS (Linnzeus), Syst. 
Nat. 1..p. 88; 1158: Canada, 

Large dark form; tarsi in adult darkish brown, in im- 
mature pale brown; plumage very dark, blackish brown 
below, without rufous tinge and without white bases ; crown 
black, hind neck rufescent buff with dark brown centres ; 
wing 610-685 mm. 

North America. 

(6) AQUILA CHRYSAETOS NOBILIS (Pallas), Zoogr. Rosso. 
Asiatica, i. p. 338, 1827: Ural, Mountains of Siberia and 
especially Dauria (also Kamtschatka) ; restricted locality, 
Dauria. , 

Very large form ; tibial plumes blackish and reaching to 
claws ; tarsi in adult buff,in juvenile dingy white; fore part 
of head dark brown, rest of head and hind neck golden buff, 
with fulvous-white edges; plumage very dark, blackish 
brown, no rufous below ; under side of wing wholly dark 
in adult; tail in juvenile white with narrow black terminal 
band across both webs of feathers ; wing 628-725 mm. 

Eastern Siberia to Kamtschatka; in winter to North 
China. 

(7) AQUILA CHRYSAETOS DAPHANEA Hodgson in Gray’s 
Zool. Mise. p. 81, 1844: nom. nud.—WNepal ; Menzbier, 
~ Orn, Turkest. 1. p. 75, 1888: Haute Asie. 

Large form ; tibial plumes dark rufous-brown and reaching 
only to base of toes; tarsi in adult deep ferruginous, with 
black shaft-lines, in juvenile very pale brown ; hind neck 
deep ferruginous with paler tips ; plumage rich dark umber- 


71 [Vol. xlv. 

brown, no rufous below ; inner webs of inner primaries 
grey, irregularly banded with black; secondaries mottled 
with white; in juvenile tail white, with terminal black 
band across both webs of central feathers only and on outer 
webs and tips of other feathers; plumage blacker than in 
juvenile A. c. nobilis ; wing 620-700 mm. 

High Central Asia, Himalayas to Thian Shan and Tur- 
kestan. 

(8) AQUILA CHRYSAETOS JAPONICA Severtzow, Nouv. Mem, 
Soc. Nat. Moscou, xv. p. 182, 1888 : Japan. 

Small form; tarsi in adult as in daphanea; in juvenile 
white, mottled with pale brown ; inner webs of all primaries 
and secondaries mottled lengthwise with white ; immature 
tail grey instead of white, with broader terminal black band ; 
wing 582-630 mm. 

Japan, Corea, and HE. China (?). 

It is necessary to add a few remarks concerning some of 
the names selected for the various forms I have enumerated. 
For No. 1 chrysaétos of Linneeus is perfectly definite as 
I have already stated, there being no reason to suppose that 
melanetus of Linnzeus has anything to do with this species, 
nor would it ever have been added to the synonymy if 
Gmelin had not added the tail of a Golden Hagle to the 
original vague description and then identified it with No. 409 
of the ‘ Planches Enluminées’ of Buffon. Linneeus himself 
cites for it, firstly, Ray’s ‘Synopsis’ (p. 7, no. 4, 1713), and, 
secondly, Willughby (Orn. p. 30, tab. 2). The descriptions 
of Gmelin, Brisson, Linnzeus, Ray, and Willughby are totally 
at variance with one another, and what bird is intended by 
Linnzeus it is impossible to determine, but his description of 
the tarsi as “semilanatis”” added to Willughby’s statement 
that the legs were “feathered down but a little below the 
knees, the naked part being red,” definitely removes it from 
our consideration so far as the genus Aquila is concerned. 

For No. 2 regalis of Temminck should be used. It is the 
Aquila fulva of Continental authors, but not of Linnzeus. 


Vol. xlv.] 72 

Under the name of vegalis Temminck redescribed the Central 
Huropean bird, the Royal Eagle of the French and Italians, 
basing his name on Falco niger and Falco fulvus of Gmelin 
and stating that his action was to avoid future errors. Falco 
niger of Gmelin is based on Brown’s Black-backed Eagle, 
and it is difficult to say what bird Brown’s plate is intended 
for, but it is certainly not chrysaétos of Linnzeus, neither is 
Falco fulvus of Gmelin, which is based firstly on Brisson’s 
Aquila (Orn. i. p. 419, 1760), which is probably the Central 
European form, and further identified with No. 409 in the 
‘Planches Enluminées’ of Buffon, which is the Southern 
European bird. As the southern bird differs from the 
northern, regalis is not a new name for chrysaétos. 
Temminck’s distribution runs from Russia through Central 
Europe to France, and may be cited as “ Central Hurope.” 
Severtzow designates “ Forclaz, Suisse, frontiére de Savoie.” 

For No. 3 the name jfulvus of Linneeus is_ perfectly 
definite, being from Ray’s ‘Synopsis Avium,’ p. 6, no. 2, 
1713), from the Peak of Derbyshire and Snowdon in 
Wales, in both of which localities it is stated to have 
bred. 

For No. 4 homeyeri of Severtzow is the correct name, as 
it predates by one year occidentalis of Olphe Galliard, by 
which name this very distinct form has been recognized by 
Dr. Hartert (Vg. pal. Fauna, p. 1091). 

For No. 6 nobilis of Pallas, is, I think, quite definite, as he 
described the Siberian and Kamtschatkan bird under that 
name as distinct from chrysaétos. As already stated, it does 
not appear to enter the Huropean fauna. If the Siberian 
birds were actually the same as the Himalayan, then the name 
of the latter would have to be changed from daphanea to 
nobilis, but I am confident that the Kast Siberian birds are 
quite distinct from daphanea and chrysaétos. 

I propose to describe all these forms at greater length in 
a future part of my monograph, but the short characters 
given will, I think, serve to distinguish the various forms, 
four of which, viz. regalis, fulvus, canadensis, and nobilis, 
have hitherto been completely misunderstood in this country, 


73 [ Vol. xlv. 

while a fifth, japonica, has not hitherto been considered on 
account of lack of skins from that me It is at present 
an indefinite race. 

The only race I have not been able to assign to its correct 
place is that from Persia. Two skins from that country 
exist in Tring Museum, an adult male and a juvenile female, 
the wing-measurements being 575 and 595 mm. respectively. 
The adult resembles daphanea in some respects, but is much 
smaller, has not the rufous shoulder, and has the underparts 
chocolate, but the chest very pale, with whitish edges and 
darker tips to the feathers. I cannot place it with any of 
the existing races, yet cannot propose to create an additional 
race on one adult skin. 

Mr. Sore Batty exhibited an egg of a Peacock-Pheasant 
(Polyplectron). Compared with a normal ege of P. bicalea- 
ratus this egg was very pale, nearly white as compared with 
deep brown. It was laid in Mr. Baily’s aviary by a very 
grey bird, whose exact country of origin was unknown. 
A male and two females had recently died, and Mr. Baily 
had presented the skins to the British Museum. 

Dr. Percy Lowe stated that the skins of the birds referred 
to by Mr. Shore Baily belonged to the bicalearatus group of 
the genus Polyplectron, but were very conspicuously unlike 
any other race. He was describing them in the forthcoming 

number of ‘ The Ibis.’ 

Mr. N. B. Kinnear forwarded the following descriptions 
of new races of birds discovered by Mr. H. Stevens while 
collecting in Tonkin, under the auspices of the Salvin- 

Godman Fund and Percy Sladen Trust :— 

- Turdinulus epilepidotus amyz, subsp. nov. 

Allied to ZT. epilepidotus clarus Rob. & Kloss. from 
S. Annam, but larger in size and the sides of the body and 
flanks darker and without any russet-brown. 

Type in the British Museum, g. Bao Ha, Tonkin, 5 Jan., 
1924. H. Stevens coll. No. 119, 

A single specimen examined. 


Vol. xlv. j 74 

Measurements :— 
Wing. Tarsus, Bull from base of skull. 
T. e. clarus ... 51-93 20-21 bs 
T.e.amye@ ... oT 23 18 

Note.-—I have much pleasure in naming this Wren- 
Warbler after Mrs. Stevens, who accompanied her husband 
on their collecting-trip. 

» Actinodura ramsayi minor, subsp. nov. 

Similar in colour to the typical form A. ramsay ramsay2, 
but considerably smaller in size. 

Wing 76-77 mm., tail 98-99 mm., as against 85-95 mm. 
and 110-127 mm. in typical form. 

In addition to the smaller size, the race is distinguished 
from A, 7. yunnanensis by its less rufous colour. 

Type in the British Museum, g. Negoi-Tio, Tonkin, 
2nd June, 1924. Collected by H. Stevens. No. 318. 

. Turdinulus brevicaudatus stevensi, subsp. nov. 

Similar to’ 7. 6. leucostictus from the Malay Peninsula, 
but larger, and the centres of the feathers on the back and 
the edges of all those of the wing distinctly darker brown, 
while the rump and tail are aiso a darker and deeper shade 
of brown. Below the whole of the underside, except the 
throat, is umber-brown, slightly more rufous in the middie. 
Two specimens examined. 

Type in the British Museum, ¢. Ngoi-Tio, Tonkin, 
26th June, 1924. Collected by H. Stevens. No. 2/4. 

Measurements :— 

T. b. leucostictus (8) : wing 61-63, tarsus 24-25 mm. 
T. b. stevensi: 3 » 00-69 *~.,,, 22 mm. 
Named in honour of Mr. H. Stevens, the collector. 

- Yuhina gularis sordidior, subsp. nov. 
Very close to Y. g. gularis, but distinguished by the darker 
colour of the back, shorter and darker crest, more heavily 
streaked throat, and richer rust-colour on the abdomen. 


75 [ Vol. xlv. 

From Y. g. yangpiensis this form differs in the darker colour 
of the back. 

Type in the British Museum, ¢. Negoi-Tio, Tonkin. 
24. vi. 24. H. Stevens coll. No. 289. Six specimens 
examined. 

' Mesia argentauris rubrogularis, subsp. nov. 

Differs from WZ. a. argentauris in the rather greyer back, 
wanting the greenish wash, the more orange-golden collar, 
and the crimson-vermilion throat and upper breast. 

Type in the British Museum, ¢. Negoi-Tio, Tonkin. 
12. vi. 24. H. Stevens coll. No. 287. Three specimens 
examined. 

Note.—In specimens from Sikkim the throat is a uniform 
golden-orange without any scarlet, and the same is the case 
in all skins from Assam, Burma, and the Malay Peninsula 
in the British Museum, with the exception of two from 
Mooleyit, in which there is a little crimson-vermilion on the 
throat, approaching M. a. rubrogularis. 

Mr. Krnnear also sent the following note :— 

In the November number of the ‘ Bulletin,’ p. 28, I pointed 
ont that the new subspecies of Yephrodornis from Siam, 
which:I described in June 1924, had already been given a 
name by Messrs. Robinson and Kloss. By a slip of the pen, 
I gave the proper name as Zephrodornis pelvicus fretensis 

ee of 7. p. annectens R. & K. The correction should 
therefore read :— — 

(2) TEPHRODORNIS GULARIS ANNECTENS Rob. & Kloss. 
Tephrodornis pelvica, subsp. annectens nov., Rob. & Kloss, 

Journ. F'.M.S. Mus, vol. viii. p. 222 (1918): Lamra, Trang. 

Mr. G. M. MaruHews sent the following communication :— 

I have shown in the Austral. Av. Ree. vol. iv. pp. 169-170, 
March 1922, that Creadion Vieillot, 1816, must be used for 
the Australian Yellow Wattle-bird, Corvus paradoaxus 
Daudin, 1800: 


Vol. xlv. | 76 

This genus has long been used for the Saddle-back of 
New Zealand, Sturnus carunculatus Gmelin, 1789. 

As no synonym for the Saddle-back has been recorded 
before, so far as I. know, the following will be used in 
future :— 

Genus Puitesturnus G. St.-H. 

Philesturnus Geoffrey Saint-Hilaire, N. Ann. Mus. Nat. 
Hist. Paris, p. 390, 1832. Type by monotypy, Sturnus 

ecarunculatus Latham = Gmelin. 

PHILESTURNUS CARUNCULATUS (Gm.). Saddle-back. 

Sturnus carunculatus Gmelin, Syst. Nat. p. 805, 1789: 
Queen Charlotte’s Sound, South Island, New Zealand. 
Distr. New Zealand (both Islands). 

Capt. H. F. Stonewam sent the following notes and 
descriptions of species or subspecies of Central African 
birds :— 

Tchitrea albiventris, sp. nov. 

Male. Entire head and throat glossy blue-black. Back, 
rump, tail, and scapulars light chestnut-brown. Wing: 
primaries sepia; secondaries dark brown, edged lighter 
brown. Breast and underparts white, with a yellowish- 
brown tinge at the vent and under tail-coverts., Greater 
wing-coverts black, edged with white or yellowish-white. 
Lesser wing-coverts brown. Bill bluish. Feet blue. Iris 
brown. LTyelids turquoise-blue. Wings 79 mm. 

Hab. Wooded country, Bombo, 23 miles from Lake 
Victoria, Uganda. 

Type. &, 22.5.23, in my collection. No. B. 1033. 

Gymnorhis pyrgita kakamaria, subsp. nov. 
Nearest to G. p. massaica, but very much larger and 
generally darker. Wings, ¢, 92,96,97mm.; ?, 87,88 mm. 
Hab. Wooded rocky country, 5000-6000 ft. above sea- © 
level in Northern Karamoja, Uganda. 
Types. & 4.5.24, 9 4.5.24 in my collection. Nos. B. 2568 
and B. 2569. | 


17 [ Vol. xlv. 

EXREMOMELA FLAVIVENTRIS. 
I have examined all the specimens in the British Museum 
and in Lord Rothschild’s Museum at Tring, and I arrive at 
the following conclusions :— 

E}REMOMELA FLAVIVENTRIS GRISEOFLAVA. 

This is a dark race witha heavy thick bill. KHighteen birds 
from the Sudan in the British Museum are easily separable 
as being very much paler (almost as pale as H. f. alexandert, 
but lacking the yellow or yellowish rump) and must in future 
bear a new name. The type of L. f. griseoflava was named 
from Bogosland, Northern Abyssinia. For the pale Sudan 
birds I propose the name 

Eremomela flaviventris sudanez, subsp. nov. 

Types. & 28.12.13, 2 27.12.13, from Sennar, both in the 
British Museum. Reg. No. ¢ 1915.12.24.1032, 2 1919. 
12.17.470. 

EREMOMELA FLAVIVENTRIS ALEX ANDERI. 

This race was described by Sclater and Praed in ‘ The Ibis’ 
for 1918, the type-locality being Kordofan (Bara). These 
birds are paler than the foregoing, and havea yellowish rump, 
but it is doubtful if this latter character is constant or only 
individual, as specimens from. Kordofan exist without this 
feature. But this race cannot include the foregoing pale 
brown race, which is quite distinct. 

Eremomela flaviventris sahare, subsp. nov. 

There are nine specimens in the Tring Museum from the 
Sahara Desert, which I at first thought should be included 
under Ji. f. alexandert, but as they are paler, and greyer, 
especially on the crown than FE. f. alexanderi, and consider- 
ably paler and very much greyer than LE. f. sudane they must 
now be separated and I propose the above name. 

Types in the Tring Museum. 


Vol. xlv.] 78 

Eremomela flaviventris karamojensis, subsp. nov. 

This race is even darker than the Abyssinian race £. f. 
griseoflava, and has in addition a very much deeper yellow on 
the underparts, and deep grey, instead of whitish, on the 
breast. The bill is heavy, as in the Abyssinian bird, but 
there is no sign of any yellowish on the rump whatsoever. 
Feet brown. Iris light brown. 

Hab. Wooded and well-watered country between 5000 and 
6000 £t. above sea-level, in Northern Karamoja, N.E. frontier 
of Uganda. 

Lype. 8, 5.0.24, in my collection. No. B. 7105. — 

ORIOLUS MONACHUS ROLLETI. 
ORIOLUS MONACHUS KIKUYUENSIS. 

In addition to the series in my own collection from Central 
Uganda and Northern Uganda, I have examined all the 
specimens in the British Museum and in Lord Rothschild’s 
Museum at Tring, and have arrived at the following 
conclusions :— 

North-east African birds, that is to say, birds from Southern 
Abyssinia, the Sudan, and the Northern, Chua, Province of 
Uganda are small pale birds, whilst birds from the High- 
lands of Kenya Colony, the Lake Districts of Uganda, 
and the highland and mountainous country of Northern 
Tanganyika Territory are large dark birds. 

Now, wing-measurements of the N.E. African birds from 
the foregoing districts run from 112 mm. to 135 mm., 
averaging 126 mm.; whilst those of Central Hast African 
birds from the localities mentioned measure from 126 mm. 
to 147 mm., averaging 135mm. Similarly, culmens of birds 
in the first group run from 20 mm. to 23 mm., averaging 
22 mm., and in the latter group from 21 mm. to 25 mm., 
averaging 23 mm. 

The description of O. m. rolleti was from a White Nile 
bird, and therefore must stand for the name of the small 
light form, referred to above as the North-east African race. 


79 [ Vol. xlv. 

In ‘Novitates Zoologice,’ vol. xxix. 1922, p. 127, Van 
Someren named a further subspecies under the name of 
O. m. kikuyuensis, type-locality Nairobi, Kenya Colony, 
but on wing-measurements alone! The description of his 
subspecies must now be amended to include all the large 
dark race from Central East Africa as follows :— 

ORIOLUS MONACHUS KIKUYUENSIS. 

Nearest to O. m. rolleti, but differs therefrom in being 
generally darker green on the head and back, some very 
considerably darker and much larger. 

Wing 126 mm. to 147 mm. Culmen 21 mm. to 25 mm. 

flab. Highlands and mountainous districts of Kenya 
Colony, Northern Tanganyika Territory, and the Lake 
Districts of Uganda. 

Note-—The form in Southern Tanganyika Territory is 
nearer to and not separable from O. m. rolleti. 

HYPHANTORNIS CUCULLATUS. 

Among a series of H. c. femininus collected by me at 
Bombo, Kingdom of Uganda, is one xanthochroistic example 
of considerable interest. In this specimen the normal black 
of the head, face, and throat is replaced by yellow, with the 
exception of a few feathers at the base of the lower mandible 
which remain black. There is also less black and more 
yellow on the back than in normally coloured birds, and in 
the right wing the first and sixth primaries are entirely 
yellow, as also are the primary-coverts, the remainder being 
of normal pigmentation. The bird was nest-building when 
shot, constructing its nest in a Bark Cloth tree among a — 
colony of typical birds. 

Hixample in my collection. No. B. 2738, 7.4.23. 


Vol. xlv. | 80 

NOTICES. 

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, 
March 11th, 1925, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT, 42-48 Great 
Portland Street, W.1. Members are reminded that this 
Dinner is held conjointly with the Annual Dinner of the 
B. 0. U., and that they are allowed to bring Lady Guests. 

The Meeting will be devoted principally to the exhibition of 
Lantern-slides and Photographs, and the Hon. Secretary. will 
be pleased to hear from any Members who have slides, etc. to 
exhibit, so that their names may be included in the Agenda. 

The following programme has been provisionally arranged :— 

1. Mr. Oliver G. Pike: Cuckoo Film and Film of Birds in 
Flight, with slow-motion camera. 

2. Mr. W. Shore Baily : Lantern-slides of African Weavers 
and Wydahs—Nests, Eggs, and Birds in Display. 

3. Mr. Niall Rankin : Slides from Spitsbergen. 

Members intending to dine are particularly requested to 
inform the Hon. Sec., Dr. G. C. Low, 86 Brook Street, W.1., 
in order that the necessary seating arrangements may be made. 

(Signed ) 
H. F. WirHersy, Percy R. Lows,  Gerorce ©. Low, 
Chairman. Editor. Hon. Sec. § Treas. 


no ht} 
(ear = 

Nie 
BAax 

& fon, Ss OF THE 
BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB. 

No. CCXCV. 

Tar two-hundred-and-ninety-first Meeting of the Club 
was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48, Great Portland 
Street, W.,on Wednesday, March 11th, 1925, in conjunction 
with the Annual Dinner of the British Ornithologists’ Union. 

Lord RotuscuiLp, the President of the B.O.U., took the 
Chair during the Dinner ; and 
Mr. H. F. Wirnersy (Chairman of the Club) during the 

subsequent proceedings. 

Members of the B.O.C. present:—W. SHore Batny; 
C. E. Baxter; HE. C. Stuart Baker; Miss M. G. Bust; 
S. Boorman ; H. B. Bootn ; C. D. Borrer; A. L. Burner ; 
®. P. Cuancze; Hon. G. L. Cuarreris; Major R. HE. 
CHEESMAN ; Col. STEPHENSON R. CLARKE; Sir Percy Cox ; 
F. Cortis; R. H. Deane; Lt.-Col. A. Detmé-Rapc irre ; 
A. Ezra ; The Hon. Masausr Hacuisuxa 3 Dr. J. M. Harrti- 
son; S. H. Hart; Dr. E. Harrert; G. R. Humpureys ; 
C. Ingram; Rev. F. C. R. Jourpatin; N. B. Kinnear; 
Dr. G. C, Low (Lon. Sec. § Treas.) ; Dr. P. R. Lown (/¢ditor) ; 

{ March 31st, 1926. | VOL. XLV. 


Vol. xlv.] 82 

N. F. Lucas; Mrs. P. McKenna; C. W. Mackworta- 
Pragp; Lt.-Col. H. A. F. Macrata; Dr. P. H. Manson- 
Baur; G. M. Marurews; E.G. B. Meape-Waupo; Mrs. A. 
MEINERTZHAGEN; = ©. OLpHAM; H. L. PopHam; R. H. 
Reap; C. B. Rickrerr * BY By Rivitee ai. Lb. Sener; 
D. Sura-SmitH; Sir Matcorm Seton; Major A. G. L. 
SLtaDEN; H. Kirke Swann; C. G. Tarpor-Ponsonsy ; 
Mrs. R. ‘Hare Taomas ;. DrovC.. Bs Ticknurser= Be W. 
TuckER ; kk. Vatpy; Dr. A. Hopzk WaLkER; J. SLADEN 
Wine ;s G. Wirserineron ; C. p—E Worms. 

Members of the B. O. U.:—K. BrpwriL; K. J. Acron 
Davis; J. 8. Dyson ; W. E. Guecce; Miss BE. M. Gopman; 
J.F.Gopman; 8. P. Gorpon; H. Grunine; Surg.-Comm. 
K. H. Jones; Miss EH. N. Knope; Mrs. Lemon; Mrs. 
A.H. Murron ; OxiverG. Pike; A. N.T. Rankin; W.E. 
Renaur; Major C. W. Smeep; Prince Taka-TsuKasa ; 
Marquis of Tavistock ; W. R. THompson ; T. WELLS. 

Guests :—Mrs. C. E. Baker ; Mrs. E. C. Sruart Baker; 
I, J. Bareineton; E. M. Brpwetu; The Hon. Mrs. 
CHARTERIS; Miss J.. CHarrerton; C. Curisry; Mrs. 
CoLtpstraw ;. Mr. CoLvarrs Mest) Ri Ky Coes yi 
Mrs. -‘CooxE; Lady Cox; H.!' Davey; Miss V. Davis; 
Mrs. A. Detmeé-Rapciuirre; F.H. pMuNpson; G. Evans ; 
Mrs. Ezra; Dr. GAYNER ; Miss Gopman ; C. GREEN; Miss 
P. Grirrity ; Mrs. Grunine ; Capt. J. R. M. Hamnonp ; 
Miss D. Hotman; B.S. Incram; J. W. B. Jones; Capt. 
KyoneL; I. Lemon ; Mrs. Mackworrn-Praep; Sir R. & 
Lady Mant; H. J. Massincuam; G. Moore; N. Naxa- 
sHIMA; Mrs. O. G. Pike; Mrs. LzeyBpournr Pornam; J. Hh. 
Ranp ; Mrs. W. L. Scuatrer ; Lady Srron; K. L. Skinner; 
Mrs. SLADEN ; Capt. Stokes ; L.J.Turrue ; Sir M. & Lady 
THompson; A. Turner; H. B. UsHer; J. B. Watpy; 
EK. J. WitpradaAmM; Mrs. SuavEN Winc; Mrs. WirHersy ; 
D. M. Wynne. 


83 | Vol. xlv. 

The Annual Dinner of the B. O. U., held in conjunction 
with the B. O.C., was very well attended, a total of 133 
including members of the Union, Club, and guests being 

present. 

Mr. Otiver G. PIKE opened the proceedings with a most 
interesting cinema-film of a Cuckoo depositing her egg in 
a Meadow-Pipit’s nest. Some of the films also depicted the 
foster-mother feeding the young Cuckoo and the young 
Cuckoo ejecting its nest-mates. Mr. Pike also gave a most 
instructive series of cinema-pictures of birds in flight shown 

in slow-motion. 

Mr. SHore Batty showed a fine series of photographs 
of Weaver and Widow Birds, illustrating various methods 
of nest-building and other habits. These photographs had 
all been taken in Mr. Shore Baily’s aviaries, and comprised 
a number of different species. 

Mr. D. Seru-Smiry’s exhibition consisted of a series of 
remarkable photographs illustrating the rare nuptial display 
of the Argus Pheasant. ‘This is the second time that such a 

display has been noted. 

Mr. W. E. Guraa@ showed some photographs of birds 
from the Camargue, comprising Gull-billed Tern, Red- 
Crested Pochard, eggs and nests of Flamingoes, and a 
splendid representation of an Avocet at its nest. 

Mr. A. N. T. Rankin exhibited a series of excellent slides 
taken in Spitzbergen, and North-east Land, illustrating 
scenes in the life-history of the Ivory Gull, Sabine’s Gull, 
Brent Goose, as well as examples of nests of other birds 

breeding there. 

Mr. Seron Gorpon showed some pictures of a Golden 

Hagle at its nest. 


Vol. xiv. | 84 

Mr. E, C. Stuart Baker described the following new 
subspecies of Munia:— 

Erythrura prasina celica, subsp. nov. 

Differs from the typical form in having the crimson of the 
lower parts richer in colour and extending on to the lower 
breast and flanks, instead of being confined to the abdomen ; 
the blue of the throat extends on to the upper breast, meeting 
the crimson, instead of being divided therefrom by an orange- 
buff band. The upper parts are also a rather brighter green. 

Colours of soft parts and measurements are the same as in 
the typical form. 

Type, 3, No. 88.8.13.42. British Museum, Coll. A. H. 
Everett. 

Type-locality. Marintan-an, Borneo. 

Range. Borneo. 

The typical form is found from Tenasserim to Java and 
Sumatra, the type-locality being Java. 

Uroloncha rufiventris, nom. nov. 

This bird has hitherto been known as Uroloncha pectoralis 
(Jerdon MS., Blyth, J. A.S. B. xiii. 1844), but this name is 
unfortunately preoccupied by Amadina pectoralis of Gould, 
P. Z. 8. 1840, p. 127. I can find no name applicable to 
this Munia, and, therefore, name it as above. 

Mr. H. Kirke Swann made the following communication 
on the races of Gypaétus barbatus Linneus :— 

Dr. Hartert, in his admirable ‘ Vogel der paliiarktischen 
Fauna,’ has dealt with the forms of this species in the western 
Palearctic area and has defined three races, viz., G. 6. barbatus 
of North Africa, G. b. grandis of Europe and Asia, and 
G. b. meridionalis of South Africa and the mountains of 
Abyssinia. He has, however, left the Asiatic birds more or 
less undecided, as, although he shows the widely-differing 
measurements, he throws them all in with G. b. grandis, 
rejecting hemachalanus of Hutton for the Himalayan 


85 [ Vol. xlv. 

birds, because the black pectoral band is not invariably 
present. I think, however, that the pectoral band, although 
so strongly evident in Asiatic birds, is not the correct 
character to separate them on, as vestiges of it are present 
in African, Arabian, and especially Huropean birds. The 
principal point in all races is the depth of coloration of the 
underparts, with also the differing size. 

After again examining the group, I feel that two distinct 
races must be recognized for the Asiatic birds, viz., a small 
one with deeply-coloured underparts in the Himalayas and 
a larger one with whitish underparts in Turkestan, Altai, and 
South Siberia, both usually, but not invariably, possessing 
the black pectoral band. Further, I find that Arabian birds 
belong to the North African and not to the Huropean race, 
to which they are referred by Dr. Hartert. Three birds 
from Yemen, Arabia, in the British Museum, are very small 
and richly coloured below, being identical in coloration with, 
but actually smaller than, North African birds. 

Of this species I therefore now recognize the following 
forms :— 

GYPAETUS BARBATUS BARBATUS Linneeus. 

Syst. Nat. 1. p. 87, 1758: Africa, ex Edwards = Santa 
Cruz, near Oran, apud Hartert. 

Smaller than G. b. grandis, wing 720-770 mm. ; below 
warmer tawny reddish, more like G. ). hemachalanus. | 

Atlas Mountains of N. Africa, also N. Arabia. 

GYPAETUS BARBATUS GRANDIS Storr. 

Alpenreise vom Jahre 1781, p. 69, 1784: Switzerland. 

Larger, wing 760-815 mm.; underparts buffy white, 
with a more rusty tinge on throat; no black gorget, but 
one or two black feathers each side of chest. 

Spain, Mediterranean Islands, and 8.E. Europe to Persia ; 
formerly also Alps and Tyrol. 

GYPAETUS BARBATUS HEMACHALANUS Hutton. 
Journal Asiat. Soc. of Bengal, vii. p. 22, 1838: Tootoo, 
near Simla, Himalaya. 


Vol. xlv. | 86 

Slightly larger, wing 780-835 mm. ; below much darker 
rusty red; the throat deeper ferruginous ; chest with an 
irregular black gorget (sonnei: wanting). 

aialay as. 

GYPAETUS BARBATUS ALTAICUS Sharpe * 

Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus. i. p. 229; ex Gebler, Bull. Soc. Nat. 
St. Petersburg, vi. col. 293, 1840: Altaz. 

Much larger, wing 855-895 mm.; much paler than 
G. b. hemachalanus; head, hind neck, and abdomen whitish, 
with only a slight shade of ochraceous, but with an irregular 
brownish-black gorget. 

Northern Central Asia; Turkestan and Thian-Shan to 
Altai and South Siberia, south to Thibet. 

GYPAETUS BARBATUS MERIDIONALIS Keyserling & Blasius. 

Wirbelt. Hurop. p. xxvill, 1840: South Africa, type in 
Berlin Mus. 

Size of G. b. barbatus; wing 720-775 mm.; cheeks white, 
without the black markings ; tarsus bare towards the lower 
part. 

South Africa and mountains of Abyssinia. 

The measurements, it should be stated, are taken inside 
the wing with a flexible rule, and are consequently less than 
those of Dr. Hartert, which are taken outside the wing with 
a steel tape. 

Mr. Gregory M. Matuews communicated the following 
nomenclatural notes, viz. :— 

Monarcha cinerascens nova, new name for Monarcha 
inornatus Meyer & Wiglesworth, Birds Celebes, vol. i. 
p. 384, 1898: Yalaut (not of Garnot, 1828). 

Zosterops lateralis mugga, new name for Zosterops flaviceps, 
figured and described by Finsch and Hartlaub, Fauna 
Geutratuelyn. p. 92, pl. vi. : Vite, Fiz (not Peale, 1848). 

* The name altaicus dates from Sharpe, who bestows it in his 
synonyms, probably by a slip, on Gebler’s “ Bartgeier Sibiriens 
(Gypaétus barbatus),” under which name the race is correctly described 
by Gebler. 


87 [ Vol. xlv. 

Piezormona, gen. nov., differs from Monarcha (the type of 
which is melanopsis Vieillot) in colour-pattern and in having 
the tail wedge-shaped, not square, and legs more robust. 
Type, Monarcha everett Hartert, 1896. 

Hylocitrea, gen. nov., differs from Pachycephala (the type 
of which is pectoralis Lath.) in colour-pattern, the sexes being 
more or less alike, rictal bristles not noticeable, and wing- 
formation more rounded. Type, Pachycephala bonthaina 
Meyer & Wigglesworth, 1896. 

Graucasoma, gen. nov., differs from /dolisoma in having 
the female of a distinctly reddish colour and in being less 
robust in formation of bill and feet. Type, Ldolisoma 
obiense Salvadori. 

Duyvena, gen. nov., differs from thopyga (the type of 
which is stparaja Raffles) in colour-pattern, the bill is also 
straighter and the tail evenly rounded with no projecting 
middle feathers. Type, Nectarima duyvenbodei Schlegel. 

Dr. C. B, Trcenurst forwarded the description of :— 
Pyrrhulauda grisea siccata, subsp. nov. 

Resembles Pyrrhulauda grisea grisea in size, but the males 
are paler and greyer above ; the females are paler above and 
have the underparts whiter. 

Type-locality. Deesa. 

Mistribution. Sind, Punjab, Rajputana, Gurgaon, Indore, 
Cutch, West United Provinces to Fategarh, ete. 

Type in the British Museum. No. 87.7.1.2839. Deesa, 
Rajputana, 2.8.1875. Capt. Butler, Hume Coll. 

Observations. The typical race was described by Scopoli 
from South Indian specimens (Ginge, 8. Arcot, Madras). 
Like so many Indian birds of wide distribution, those 
inhabiting the N.W. (dry area) are easily distinguishable 
from those from Southern India. The distribution of this 
dry-area form follows remarkably closely the area where ~ 
the rainfall is 25 inches or less. 


Vol. xlv. | 88 

NOTICES. 

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, 
April 8th, 1925, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT, 42-48 Great 
Portland Street, W.1, the Dinner at 7 p.m. 

Members intending to dine are requested to inform the 
Hon. Sec. and Treasurer, Dr. G. C. Low, 86 Brook Street, 
Grosvenor Square, W. 1. 

The Subscription for 1924-1925, £1 1s., became due on the 
Ist of October, 1924. There are still several subscriptions 
outstanding and the Treasurer will be pleased to receive these 
as soon as possible. 

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication 
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to 
give notice beforehand to the Editor, Dr. Percy R. Lowe, 
at the Nat. Hist. Museum, South Kensington, and to 
place in his hands not later than at the meeting MSS. for 
publication in the Bulletin. | 

(Signed) 
H. F. Wrrversy, Percy R. Lowr, Grorae C. Low, 

Chairman. Editor, Hon. Sec. & Treas. 


Lavoe Tam 

aaa 

: in 
29 U abd IoEN 
ee AT 1SH mo ae 

= a /o Oe 

a a Ks Ee 2S D ss OF THE 
CS p> 
Gn AL Histo 

BRITISH ORNITHOLOGISTS’ CLUB. 

Wo. CCXCVI. 

Tar two-hundred-and-ninety-second Meeting of the Club 
was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-45, Great Portland 

Street, W., on Wednesday, April 8th, 1925. 

Chairman: H. F. WirHersy. 

Members present :—. CG. Sruart Baker; Ciirrorp D. 
Borrer; A. L. Butter; Major R. H. CHEESMAN ; Sir PERcY 
7. Cox ; Capt. F. W. DEwHURST ; Rev. J. R. Hate; Dr. E. 
Harrerr; N. B. Kinnear; G.C. LAMBErt ; C. W. Mack- 
wortH-PraED ; Mrs. A. MBINERTZHAGEN ; ©. OLDHAM ; 
GC. B. Ricxert; Lord Roruscuiyp ; W. L. ScLaTER ; Col. 

R. Sparrow; Dr. C. B. TIcEHuRST. 
Guests J. P. R. Have; W.H. Hane; Admiral J. H. 

SrENHOUSE. 
ibe) £1 SO Mei out O°) Bye ue 

Lord Roruscuiup had been kindly informed by Mr. Albert 
Collin, of Kotka, Finland, that his name Muscicapa blyth, 
new name for Muscicapula melanoleuca Blyth, which is pre- 
occupied if placed in the genus Muscicapa (Nov. Zool. xxviii. 
p. 48, 1921), is already preoccupied by Muscicapa blythe 

( April 25th, 192.] VOL. XLV. 


Vol. xlv.] 90 

Giebel, Thesaurus Orn. ii. p. 631, 1875, where it is used as 
a new name for Sharpe’s Cyornis simplex. He therefore 
names it 

Muscicapa collini, nom. nov. 

Dr. Ernst Hartert’s attention had been kindly called by 
Mr. A. Collin to the fact that Oriolus chinensis meridionalis 
Hart. (Nov. Zool. iil. p. 155, 1896) is preoccupied by Oriolus 
meridionalis Brehm, Isis, 1845, p. 332 (cf Vog. pal. Fauna, 
p- 2045). He therefore proposes to call it 

Oriolus chinensis macassariensis, nom. nov. 

About this subspecies might also be consulted Meinertz- 
hagen, ‘ Ibis,’ 1923, p. 68, where the differences are very 
well stated. 

Dr.-C. B. Ticesursr exhibited some Redwings from 
Iceland and made the following remarks:—In the Bull. 
B.O.C. xii. p. 28, the late Dr. Bowdler Sharpe described 
the Redwing from Iceland as Zurdus coburni, but, as it was 
obvious that this description was based on a very worn 
breeding bird, the Icelandic race has never been con- 
sidered to be recognizable. However, to my eyes, it seems 
quite as good a race as many which are accepted, but none 
ef Dr. Sharpe’s characters hold good. The Iceland bird is a 
trifle darker olive on the upper parts and more washed with 
olive on the breast and flanks than the Swedish bird, and it 
runs larger in size. The original description stated that the 
Icelandic bird is paler grey above, and paler on the flanks 
and on the strize of the breast. 

The following are the measurements :— 

Pub it | am Re 736, W. 116-120 
22 9, W. 118°5-120 
England and Holland. 20 f g, 117-123 
24 9 9, 118-121°5, once 123 
Tecland viaateretiee es’ 16 $ g, 120°5 once, 121-128 ; 
15 9 2, 120-130 75 °/, 122 or over. 

rarely over 121, 


91 | Vol. xlv. 

~ Obs. Possibly some winter in Iceland, as I have a specimen 

thence as late as November 27. It is almost certain to 
occur in Great Britain in winter or on passage, but none of 
the specimens from 8. England which I have examined is 
referable to this race. 

Dr. Ticzrnurst made the following remarks on the 
Bearded Reedling (Panurus brarmicus) :—Of all the British 
birds probably none is so entirely sedentary as the Bearded 
Reedling, and one would expect that it of all birds would 
have segregated out into a recognizable race. In order to 
test this, I have been to some trouble to collect together from 
various museums a considerable series of these birds (over 
120 in all) from England (over 40) and from Continental 
Hurope (Holland, France, Spain, Italy). The type was 
described from the cage-birds brought over from Copenhagen 
(Edwards, Av. 55. t. 55), but as the Reedling does not, and 
never did, occur in Denmark, one must suppose that the 
origin of these cage-birds was in reality Holland. Now, a 
fair number of English birds are darker in general coloration 
than Dutch and other continental birds, but this is by no 
means constant. One may find some English birds pale, 
and others from 8S. France, Italy, and Holland as dark as 
any English ones, and therefore I do not consider it wise to 
separate any English race. 

The Eastern race, P. russicus, is, of course, a perfectly 
recognizable form—a beautiful washed-out representative 
of our bird,—and at the same time rather a remarkable 
enigma. We know that some birds, such as Ammomanes, 
have much the coloration of the ground they inhabit, and, 
again, some birds show dark forms in “ wet”’ areas and paler 
forms in “dry” areas, but at first sight it is not clear why 
this eastern Reedling, which presumably lives in much the 
same sort of habitat throughout its enormous range as the 
Huropean bird, should have become so pale. If think some 
general discussion on these lines at one of our Club meetings 
would be most instructive. 


Vol. xlv. | 92 

Mr. E. C. Sruart Baker described the following new 
species of Finches :— | 

(1) Procarduelis nipalensis intensicolor, subsp. nov. 

Similar to Procarduelis n. nipalensis, but deeper in colour, 
both above and below. In the male the deep crimson, which 
extends in a broad band across the upper breast of P. n. 
nipalensis, ig in this race extended on to the edge of the 
throat and practically over the whole of the lower breast and 
posterior flanks and abdomen. 

The female is much darker than is the female of P. n. 
nipalensis and is also more smoky, less ochraceous, brown 
than that bird. 

Colours of soft parts. Iris brown; bill grey- or horny- 
brown, lighter below ; legs and feet grey-brown (Forrest). 

Measurements. Asin P. n. nipalensis. 

Type. 1922.12.7.455, g§, Stephenson-Clarke Coll., British 
Museum. 

Mekong Salwin divide, Yunnan. 

23,4 2 examined. 

Instribution. Yunnan and Shan States. 

(2) Passer montanus tibetanus, subsp. nov. 

Similar to Passer m. montanus, but with the redder rump 
of P. m. malaccensis and with a wing-measurement of 76 to 
82 mm. as against a maximum of 75 mm. in the other 
races. 

Colours of soft parts. “Tris dark brown; bill Make gape 
yellow ; legs fleshy ” ( Walton). 

‘ie. No. 1905.12.31.289, ¢, Khumbajong, Tibet, Oct. 
1903, Capt. H. I. Walton. British Museum Collection. 

MNstribution. Tibet and Sikkim. <A specimen obtained on 
the Abor Expedition, wing 79 mm., seems to belong to this 
race. 

Specimens examined, 6 ¢,2 2. 

The material in the British Museum Collection is very 
poor, and better material may show other colour-differences, 


93 [ Vol. xlv. 

in addition to the great difference in size between this and 
other races of Tree-Sparrow. 

Mr. Grecory M. Maruews sent the following nomen- 
- clatural notes, viz. :— 

Rorotonga, gen. nov., differs from Chastempis Cabanis in 
having the sexes of a different colour, bill stronger and 
higher, tail-feathers rounded and not distinctly pointed. 
Type, Monarcha dimidiata Hartlaub & Finch, 1871. 

Mohohina, gen. noy., differs from Moho Lesson in having 

plumes on the side of the face. Type, Acrulocercus bishopi 
Rothschild, 1893. 

Pseudomoho, gen. nov., differs from Moho Lesson in having 
quite a different tail-formation and in not having any 
ornamental plumes. Type, Mohoa braccatus Cassin, 1855. 

Magumma, gen. nov. Type, Himatione parva Stejneger, 
1887. Perkins, Fauna Hawaiiensis, pt. vii. 1904, made for 
this a new genus Rothschildia, but this name is pre-occupied 
for a genus of moth, so the above is necessary. 

Gummyza, gen. nov., differs from Leptomyza in not having | 
the flat pouch on the opening of the ear. Type, Merops 
samoensis Hombron & Jacquinot, 1841. 

CALLIPTILUS SOLITARIUS (Latham), Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. 
vol. xv. p. 42, 1891, should be called Calliptilus vaillunti 
Shaw, Nat. Mise. vol. xxi. pl. 909, 1810, Fiji, as Latham’s 
name is pre-occupied by Suckow, Naturg. vol. ii. p. 334, 
1801. 

Devieca, gen. nov., differs from Mierwca Gould in having 
a heavier, more hooked bill, stronger feet. and claws, and 
different-shaped tail. Type, Micraca papuana Meyer, 1875. 

Addeca, gen. nov., differs from Micrwca Gould in having | 
stouter feet and claws, longer and stouter nasal bristles, 
nostrils not hidden. Type, Micreca addita Hartert. 


Vol. xlv. | 94 

Trocheligone, gen. nov., differs from Gerygone Gould in 
having a heavier bill, stronger bristles, and long silky flank- 

feathers. Type, Gerygone poliocephala Salvadori. 

Pachycilodryas, gen. nov., combines in some feathers the 
characters of Pachycephala and Pecilodryas. Type, Pecilo- 
dryas modesta De Vis. 

Cryptigata, gen. nov., differs from Cryptolopha Swains in 
having a different colour-pattern, the rictal bristles not 
strong, and the fifth primary the longest. Type, Cryptolopha 
guulianetti (Salvadori), 1896. 

Monarchalba, gen. nov., differs from Monarcha V. & H. 
in having a different colour-pattern, a wedge-shaped tail, 
and strong rictal bristles. Type, Monarcha mencke: Hein- 
Gorn, 1902, 

Monarcharses, gen. nov., differs from Monarcha V. & H. 
in having a different colour-pattern, more rounded tail, and 
stronger and heavier legs and feet. Type, Monarcha 

godeffroyt Hartlaub, 1867. 

Lorimonarcha, gen. nov., differs from Monarcha in having 
a different colour-pattern, longer tail, and different wing- 
pattern. Type, Monarcha loricatus Walker, 1863. 

Chloromonarcha, gen. nov., differs from Monarcha in its 
different colour-pattern and more slender bill and feet. Type, 
Muscicapa chrysomela Lesson. 

Neopomarea, gen. nov., differs from Pomarea Bp. in its 
different colour-pattern and heavier bill and feet. Type, 
Monarcha castaneiventris Verreaux, 1858. 

Proceriolotes, gen. nov., differs from Joulehaio in not 
having a wattle below the eye. Type, Ptzlotes procerior 

Finsch & Hartlaub. 

Alphaphilemon, gen. nov., differs from Philemon in not 
having any of the head denuded of feathers and in having 
longer and heavier bill and legs. Type, Yropidorhynchus 
diemenensis Lesson, 1831. 


95 [Vol. xlv. 

Meruop oF DEPOSITION OF THE GG OF THE 
Common Cuckoo. 

The Committee desire to state that their attention having 
been directed to the publication elsewhere, without permission, 
by Mr. Edgar Chance of remarks he made at the November 
(1924) meeting, together with republication in eatenso of 
Mr. Bunyard’s communication, published in Bull. B.O.C. 
xlv. pp. 12-14, they have pointed out to Mr. Chance that 
this action was entirely out of order. 

The Committee also desire to make it clear, as there appears 
to be some misconception in the matter, that, with regard to 
the footnote on p. 40 (vol. xlv.), their appointment of a 
Committee to obtain, if possible, direct evidence of the 
method of deposition of the egg by the Cuckoo must not be 
taken to imply that they subscribed to Mr. Chance’s remarks 
or that they had any intention of discrediting Mr. Bunyard’s 
account of what he had observed. Their sole desire was to 
assist in obtaining direct evidence of the method of deposition, 
by the examination, if possible, of a Cuckoo about to lay. 

NOTICES. 

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, 
May 18th, 1925, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT, 42-48 Great 
Portland Street, W.1, the Dinner at 7 p.m. 

Members intending to dine are requested to inform the 
Hon. Sec. and Treasurer, Dr. G. C. Low, 86 Brook Street, 
Grosvenor Square, W. 1. 

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication 
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to 
give notice beforehand to the Hditor, Dr. Percy R. Lowe, 
at the Nat. Hist. Museum, South Kensington, and to 
place in his hands not later than at the meeting MSS. for 
publication in the Bulletin. ] 

(Signed) : 
H. F. Wirnersy, , Percy R. Lowz, Gkroras C. Low, 
Chairman, Vi FQ dite Ta Sec. § Treas. 
: a ai \TISH > 
@ > 
bei . “SS ‘ 
iz 2A, < 
ig we Oy jj t ; 


— 
an 

& 


<i aa UL LE T IN 

." 
ry 

OF THE 

‘BRITISH Crean rere Gis TS’ “Cres: 

$$$ 

No. CCXCVII. 

THe two-hundred-and-ninety-third Meeting of the Club 
was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48, Great Portland 
Street, W.,on Wednesday, May 13th, 1925. 

Chairman: W. L. ScuatEr. 

Members present :—H. G. ALEXANDER; HE. SHoreE Batty; 
E. C.Sruart Baker; F.J. F. Barrinecron; Count Bosrin- 
skoy; P. F. Bunyarp; A. L. BurLer; Col. SterpHenson 
R. CLargKE; Lt.-Col. A. Detmi-Ratcuirre; Lt.-Col. H. 
Detmé-RatcuirFeE; Major 8. 8. Frower; C. W. Mack- 
WorRrH-PRAED ; The Hon. MAsavus1 Hacuisuka ; Rev. J. R. 
Harte; L. M. Jopring; N: B. Kinnear; Dr. G: C. Low 
Cron: Sec. ¢ Treas.); Dr. P. Ke Lowe (dior); N. 8. 
Lucas; Lt.-Col. H. A. F. Macrara; P. H. Manson-Baur; 
Mrs. A. MEINERTZHAGEN ; C. OLDHaM; H. L. Popoam; R. H. 
Reap; Lord Roruscuitp ; D. Sera-Smiruy ; H. Stevens ; 
Capt. S. Stokes; Prince Taka-Tsukasa; G. Dre H. Vaizey; 
J. SLADEN Wine ; W. H. WorkMAN. 

Guests :-—Lt.-Col. E. H. Hirn; A. F. Toorre; R. B. 
VAIZEY. 

{ May 80th, 1925, 1 a VOL. XLV. 


Vol. xlv. ] 98 
On behalf of Mons. Jean Delacour, Mr. W. lL. Scuater 

exhibited some shells of the eggs of Mierophasis edwards 
(Oust.). : 

According to Mons. Delacour’s account, one of the three 
hens imported from Quangtsi (Annam) in June 1924 began 
to lay on March 23rd. In twelve days, six eggs were laid. 
They were put under a hen, and all hatched on the 23rd 
day (April 25th), which is peculiar, as Hrerophasis swinhoit, 
it nearest ally, has an incubation-period of twenty-five days, 
the usual period in the Kali] (Genneus) group. 

The young Edwards’s Pheasants are quite different to those 
of Swinhoe’s, being much more heavily marked on a lighter 
ground-colour. The eggs are very similar to those of 
A, swinhoit, but only half the size. They are light brownish 
pink, with minute white dots. 

After an interval of eight days, the hen laid another clutch 
of six eggs. These are the first eggs and chicks known. 

M. Delacour’s female, Hierophasis imperialis, has also 
begun to lay ; the eggs are similar to the above, but larger, 
although they are smaller than eggs of H. swinhoit. Another 
hen, H. edwardsi, began to lay on April 25th. 

TURDUS MUSICUS COBURNI IN ROSS-SHIRE. 

Mrs. MEINERTZHAGEN exhibited some Redwings, and made 
the following remarks :— 

Members will remember that, at the last meeting of the 
B.O.C., Dr. Ticehurst exhibited some Redwings from 
Iceland, and pointed out that this race, named by Dr. 
Sharpe, in the ‘Bulletin of the B.O.C.’ vol. xii. p. 28, 
Turdus coburn, appeared worthy of recognition, but not on 
the characters given by Dr. Sharpe. Dr. Ticehurst pointed 
out that this race was darker olive on the upper parts and 
more washed with olive on the breast and flanks than 
Swedish specimens, and was also larger, the wing-measure- 
ments of seven males from Sweden running from 116- 
120 mm., as compared with 121-128 mm. (once 120°5 mm.) 
of sixteen Iceland males. 


99 [ Vol. xlv. 

On looking at our series of Redwings on my return home, 
I found a bird identical with the Iceland Redwings ex- 
hibited, and was able next day to compare this specimen 
with Dr. Ticehurst’s specimens, with which it agrees per- 
fectly. It isa male, with a wing-measurement of 125 mm.; 
and was shot by my husband in a birch valley in the east of 
Ross-shire, on the 25th of October, 1924. 

Mr. H. G. ALEXANDER gave the following account of the 
present situation in regard to the preservation of Dungeness 
as a Bird-Reserve :— 

Members of the B.O.C. may have seen a notice in ‘ The 
Times’ of the proposed sale of Dungeness. The Committee 
of the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds has been 
investigating the position, and the sale has been temporarily 
withdrawn. They now ask for the cooperation of the 
B.O.U. and B.O.C., as well as the Zoological Society and 
the Society for the Promotion of Nature Reserves, in a com- 
mittee that could raise funds, if the R.S.P.B. can get an 
option to purchase the land. It is understood that the sum 
asked for is likely to be £5500 (£5 an acre), but an 
annual income of about £140 could be obtained by letting 
the grazing-rights, Ke. 

The piece of land in question includes the whole stretch 
from Greatstone Sandhills, on the north, to what is known 
locally as No. 1 Coastguard Station, to the south, less than 
a mile from Dungeness Lighthouse, a coast-line of some 
three miles. The maximum breadth of the land for sale is 
nearly one and a half miles trom east to west. It is all 
shingle except for some patches of marshy pasture on the 
north-east side, near the New Romney branch of the Southern 
Railway. 

Ornithologically, the main interest of this piece of land is 
that it contains the whole of the one well-established nesting- 
colony in this country of the Kentish Plover. From time | 
to time single pairs or very small numbers of this bird have 
nested on the shingle to the west of Dungeness—on the part 
belonging to the Southern Railway, the part belonging to 


Vol. xlv.] 100 

the War Office, and even further west. It is possible that 
if they were driven from their present territory by building 
operations they would move further west, but this is a 
possibility on which it would be unsafe to rely. 

Apart from the Kentish Plovers, comparatively few birds 
nest on this stretch of shingle: Ringed Plovers and Common 
and Little Terns nest in some numbers, while two or three 
pairs of Stone-Curlews nest annually. Common Gulls have 
nested once or twice in recent years, and on the edge of the 
marsh there are a few Redshanks and Yellow Wagtails. 

If the land were acquired as a Nature-Reserve, there is 
one possibility of development which is worth mentioning. 
For many years past the South-Hastern Railway has 
‘quarried ” part of the shingle near Dungeness for biue 
flints that are saleable in the potteries. This is unpopular 
among the local inhabitants, as the region thus quarried is 
swampy, and in winter usually flooded, and the children have 
to get to school across it. It is a dumping-ground for old 
tins, etc., and is not beautiful. But it is not unpopular with 
the birds. Black Redstarts flit about among the rusty tins 
in autumn and spring ; Snow-Buntings come in the winter, 
and before the war one bit was grown over with willow-: 
bushes, where I have seen Icterine Warblers and Firecrests, 
besides other small birds of passage. These bushes were cut 
for firewood during the war. Most of this ground is near 
the fishermen’s houses, but the remoter part is at present 
the breeding-place for Lapwings, Redshank, and Snipe. 

It might be worth while from a commercial point of view 
to do some similar quarrying near the New Romney railway 
line, where already there is good breeding-ground for Red- 
shanks, and where springs of fresh water come out of the 
shingle and flow across the marsh. This marshy ground 
might thus: be made four or five times as extensive, and if 
to the present rows of gorse, blackthorn, and bramble were 
added some willows, reeds, etc., the region would almost 
certainly bring Reed- and Sedge-Warblers, Snipe, and 
Water-Rails as breeding birds, while such species as Rutffs, 
Avocets, Black-tailed Godwits, Aquatic and other rare 


Tol [ Vol. xlv. 

Warblers, Garganey and other Ducks, and one or two species 
of Harrier would, at any rate, occur from time to time as 
passing migrants, and one or more of them might conceivably 
“some time stay to breed. This may seem a ridiculous flight 
of fancy, but it is to be remembered that all these birds are 
fairly frequent visitors to that corner of England on migra- 
tion, and that there is no more inherent impossibility in 
their establishing a breeding colony, given a suitable site 
and adequate protection, than there was in the Bittern re- 
establishing itself in Norfolk, or the Common Gull estab- 
lishing a colony on Dungeness Beach. 

Two or three other considerations seem to deserve refer- 
ence. First, the fate of this portion of Dungeness is bound 
to have some influence on the whole stretch of shingle, 
including the Hoppen Pits and some of the other parts to 
the west of the point, which are admittedly, in some respects, 
more interesting and more hopeful than the part that is 
under consideration. 

‘Secondly, Dungeness is of importance botanically and 
entomologically, as well as ornithologically. Indeed, I think 
one may claim that it is a place to which the much-abused 
word “unique’’ really applies. I know of no other place 
where the peculiar influence of the tides, combined with the 
proximity in both directions of high chalk cliffs, has brought 
together such a mass of undiluted shingle. The extent of 
flat marsh separating this great shingle flat in all directions 
from the mainland, the depth of the channel immediately 
outside Dungeness, the expanse of sandy flats uncovered at 
low tide towards Littlestone, and also some miles to the west, 
add to the interest and tend to emphasise the peculiarities of 
the natural life of this strange place. 

There are two local sayings: one, that Romney Marsh is 
the fifth quarter of the globe, and the other that Dungeness 
is the last place God made and that He forgot to finish it. 
These two sayings give a vivid impression of the appeal and — 
interest of the region. To British naturalists, too, the 
proximity to the Continent adds greatly to the interest of 
Dungeness. No systematic study of Dungeness ornithology 

as 


Vol. xlv. | 102 

has yet been carried out by a competent ornithologist, but 
the observations of the R. 8. P. B. watchers and of occasional 
visitors show that its possibilities are almost unlimited. 
These general considerations may serve to show that the 
proposal to acquire a large area of Dungeness as a national 
Nature-Reserve is not solely due to the presence of the 
Kentish Plover. 

Nevertheless, to British ornithologists that is the out- 
standing and all-important fact. The organised protection 
of the beach was first undertaken by the R.S. P. B. over 
twenty years ago. Good work has been done during all 
that time, but the position of the Kentish Plover continued 
to be precarious until about three years ago. It was impos- 
sible for the protection to be satisfactorily done by one man 
alone, who was not paid to give his whole time to the work. 
Now, however, two men are employed, and one or other is 
on the watch the whole time. The result has been most 
encouraging. If the ground can be acquired and held by 
the National Trust, this watching will be continued. 

I hope members of the B. O. C. will support this scheme, 
if the R.S. P. B. obtains the necessary option to purchase. 

In the discussion which followed it was explained that the 
B.O.U. Committee had appointed Mr. W. L. Sclater to 
serve on the proposed Joint Committee, and that a general 
appeal to members of the B.O.U. for promises of support 
would be issued. Dr. G. C. Low was then chosen ay those 
present to represent the B.O.C. 

Mr. A. L. Burusr exhibited a nest of Nyctibius griseus 
griseus (Gm.), obtained in Trinidad by Mr. Alec Muir in 
April 1924. The “ nest,” in which a young bird had been 
reared, consisted only of a hollow formed by the rotting out 
of the soft pith at the summit of a broken-off sapling of the 
3read-fruit tree, and only just large enough to contain the 
single egg. ‘To illustrate the ball-and-socket fit of the egg 
in he cavity an egg of a Lyncornis, of almost exactly 
the size of that of the NVyctibius, was shown in the nest. 
Dropping into the hollow just beyond its greatest diameter 


103 [Vol. xlv. 

the egg could be revolved with the fingers, but could not be 
lifted. out by them. 

While an ege of this species measures 41°5 x 30°5 mm., 
the cavity selected measured just 41°5 x 32 mm., the stump 
itself being only 59 x 56°5 mm. across the broken top. 

The bird incubates in a perfectly erect position, with its 
head and neck stretched stiffly upwards, and its tail pressed 
to the side of the stump, of which the bird appears to form 
a part. 

The bird ordinarily rests during the day in the same 
attitude and on the top of a similar stump, whether incubating 
an egg or not. 

Mr. B. C. Srvarr Baker made the following remarks on 
the Indian genus Sturnopastor :— 

The species of Starling which has long been known as 
Sturnopastor contra Linn. cannot, unfortunately, retain this 
name, as Linnzeus on the same page, but in an earlier line, 
had already named it Sturnus capensis. The species must 
therefore become Sturnopastor capensis Linn., and S. contra 
becomes a pure synonym. 

There appear to be four well-marked races of this bird, 
of which the following key gives the differences :-— 

A. Forehead not streaked with white. 
INI) Meee Tay a aoe dbs cole erd S. ce. capensis Linn. 
Perr. SMe a te WP Oe as eae’ S. c. dehre. 

B. Forehead streaked with white. 
ce. Back brown, distinctly paler than 

SPERMS / Jor Ae ARR oe cl a 2s) vshege'se! b ay0 S. ¢c. superciliaris Blyth, 
d. Back blackish and not contrasting with 
COM TNS ielbor oR ce er eR SUE ae en S. ce. flowert Sharpe. 

Of these, S. c. dehre is now described for the first time. 

Sturnopastor capensis dehre, subsp. nov. 

Similar to S. ¢. capensis, but much paler and less richly 
coloured. 

Measurements and colours of soft parts as in S. c. capensis. 

Distribution. South India, east of a line drawn from 


Vol. xlv.] 104 

Umballa to Hyderabad in the Deccan, and Masulipatam as 
far east as Western Bengal, Behar, and Orissa, but not into — 
Eastern Bengal or Assam. 
Type. In the British Museum. ?, Dehra Dun, 20. xii. 
1870 (G. King). Hume Coll. Reg. No. 87.7.1.146. 
Type-locality. Dehra Dun. 

CORRECTION. 

Passer montanus tibetanus Stuart Baker, described in the 
Bull. B.O.C. xlv. p. 92, 1924, becomes,a synonym of P.m. 
obscuratus (Jacobi, Abh. Ber. Mus. Tier. Dresden, xvi. 
1923, p. 32: Szechuen). Mr. F. Ludlow has recently sent 
to the British Museum a series of skins, and these suffice to 
show that the South Tibetan bird cannot be distinguished 
from that of North-Hast Tibet and Szechuen. 

Mr. Stuart Baxer also exhibited some nests and eggs 
of the genus Hemiprocne and Batrachostomus, and pointed 
out that these nests were interesting in connection with 
Mr. Butler's exhibit of the remarkable nest of the Nightjar. 
The Tree-Swifts, like the Nightjar, deposit their eggs in a 
receptacle only just large enough to hold the egg or the 
young ‘one when first hatched. These nests, made of 
inspissated saliva, sometimes almost pure and sometimes 
much mixed with tiny scraps of bark or feathers, are 
attached to the sides of branches of trees, often at a great 
height. The parent bird, when brooding or laying, perches 
crossways on the branch, so that the vent and posterior 
abdomen covers nest or young. Only a single egg is laid, 
by any species of this genus, and those shown include 
FH, coronata, [. comata, and H. longipennis. The eggs when 
laid are a very pale bluish grey, but soon lose the clear tint 
and become a yellow-grey. 

The nests of the Frogmouths shown are those of B. moni- 
liger and B. hodgson.. The former always lays one egg, the 
latter always two, and it will be noticed that, although the 
birds are much th@ same in size, the egg of the former 

is very much larger than that of the latter. The nest is 

4 


105 [ Vol. xlv, - 

made entirely of breast-down from the birds themselves, 
‘and is decorated externally with scraps of down, spiders’ 
webs, etc., to assimilate it to the branch, on the upper 
surface of which it is placed. In brooding, as in perching, 
the Frogmouths sit lengthways on the horizontal branches 
they select for the purpose. 

* 

Mr. N. B. Kriynear sent the following descriptions of 
new birds :— 

Tephrodornis gularis latouchei, subsp. nov. 

Similar to 7. gularis hainanus Ogilvie-Grant, from Hainan, 
but larger. In the male the upper parts are the same shade 
as in 7. g. hainunus, but the rufous wash on the breast is 
absent below ; while in the female the whole of the upper 
side is darker and of a richer colour. 

Measurements :— 

T. g. tatouchet, 5 § 3, wings 121-122; 99 9,116-124mm. 

T. 9. hainanus, 6 § 8, wings 11p-193; a2 9 5. bha-119 nana. 

Type in the British Museum. No. 1905.12.24.368, ¢, / 
Ah Cu’ung, Fohkien, 2 Mar., 1900, presented by C. B. 
Rickett, Esq. 7 

Distribution. Fohkien and Tonkin. 

Pyrotrogon erythrocephalus intermedius, subsp. nov. 

Intermediate in size between P. e. hainanus Ogilvie- 
Grant and P. e. yamakanensis Rickett from Fohkien and 
West-Central Yunnan. The colour of the underside in the 
male is scarlet instead of pinkish carmine as in these two 
forms ; while the female is a darker brown above, and the 
abdomen and under tail-coverts paler and suffused with 
yellowish. 

Measurements :— 

T. e. hainanus, 7 specimens ; wing 139-143 mm. 
T. e. yamakanensis, 17 Pe 35 104-164 ;,, 
T. e. intermedius, 3 * » 145-146 ,, 


Vol. xlv.] 106 

Type in the British Museum. No.36, 3, Bao Ha, Tonkin, 
15 Nov., 1923, collected by H. Stevens and presented by the 
Trustees of the Godman-Salvin Fund and Percy Sladen 
Trust. 

Distribution. Tonkin. Three specimens examined, 

. Dr. Percy LowE communicated the description of a new 
subspecies of Puffinus from the Fiji Islands, which he 
proposed to call 

Puffinus pacificus whitneyi. 

Similar to Puffinus pacificus pacificus from the Kermadecs, 
but with shorter toes and wings. 

Three males and three females, all breeding, examined. 

Colour of feet in the fresh state whitish, with outer toe 
blackish brown. 

Type. in the British Museum. 4, Kandavu Island, Fiji, 
9 Nov., 1924 (A. H. Beck, coll. Whitney South Sea Exped.). 
Reg. No. 1925.5.13.1. 

Bill (expd. culm.) 39 mm. (average for males 39:5) ; 
mid-toe with claw 55 mm. (average for males 55) ; tarso- 
metatarsus 47 mm.; wing 294 mm. 

Named in honour of Mr. H. P. Whitney. 

Mr. Gregory M. Maruews sent the following nomen- 
clatorial notes, viz. :— 

Turdus ruficeps Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. W. 1876, 
p. 43, February, will replace Merula bicolor Layard, 
Ibis, 1876, April. 

Lamprolia | victorie| klinesmith Ramsay, ib., p. 68, 1876, 
February, will replace Lamprolia minor Layard, Lhis, 
Le26,.p. 155, Aprilt 

Xanthotis chrysotis Lesson, March 22nd, 1828, will replace 
Xanthotis faviventer id., June 1828. 


107 [ Vol. xlv. 
NOTICES. 

The next Meeting of the Club, the last for the Session, will 
be held on Wednesday, June 10th, 1925, at PAGANI’S 
RESTAURANT, 42-48 Great Portland Street, W.1, the Dinner 
at 7 p.m. 

Members intending to dine are requested to inform the 
Hon. Sec. and Treasurer, Dr. G. C. Low, 86 Brook Street, 
Grosvenor Square, W. 1. . 

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication 
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to 
give notice beforehand to the Hditor, Dr. Percy R. Lowe, 
at the Nat. Hist. Museum, South Kensington, and to 
place in his hands not later than at the meeting MSS. for 
publication in the Bulletin. | 

(Signed ) 
W. L. Sciater, Percy R. Lowr, Grorce C. Low, 
Chairman. Editor. Hon. Sec. § Treas. 
$F pian a daa lei 
CY Py o*a AS % i 
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DAS ‘4 ia aged ‘ne ik 
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5 


OF THE 

Beetion: ORNITHOLOGISTS’’ CLUB: 

No. CCXCVIII. 

Tae two-hundred-and-ninety-fourth Meeting of the Club 
was held at Pagani’s Restaurant, 42-48, Great Portland 
Street, W., on Wednesday, June 10th, 1925. 

Chairman: Lord RoTHscHILD. 

Members present:—K. Suore Barty; H.C. Stvart BAKER; 
F. J. F. Barxineron; P. F. Bunyarp; A. L. Burner; 
N. Corrart; Major 8. S. FLower; Rev. F. C.. RB. 
JouRDAIN; N. B. Kinnear; Dr. G. C. Low (Hon. Sec. & 
Treas.); C. W. Mackwortu-Praep; T. H. Newman; 
©. OtpHam; C. B. Rickerr; D. Sera-Smiru; Major A. G. 
L. Stapen; H. Kirke Swann; Prince Taxa-TsuKasa ; 
B. W. Tucker. 

Guests :—General R. M. Bretoam; C. E. Hetimayr ; 
C. B. Horsprueu ; G. D. Smooxerr ; Colonel C. THoRNHILL ; 
A. R. WESLEY. j 

[July 31st, 1925, ] VOL. XLV. 


Vol. xlv.] 110 

Mr. H. Kirke Swann exhibited an example of the Tawny 
Hagle (Aquila rapax cullen) from Rumania, and made the 
following remarks :— | 

The existence of a form of Tawny Eagle in the Dobrogea 
was first made known in a communication from Dr. W. H. 
Cullen, of Constanza, printed in ‘ The Ibis’ for 1867, p. 247, 
where he stated that it was a permanent resident near 
Constanza and that he had obtained birds and eggs there. 
Later, two half-fledged birds were brought to him, and he 
sent one in 1868 to the Antwerp Zoological Gardens, 
where it lived a number of years and was described and 
figured by Bree (‘Birds of Europe, ed. 2, i. p. 89, 1875) 
under the name of Aguila cullent. Later it was again 
figured by Dresser (‘Birds of Europe,’ v. pl. 341, 1880), 
but from that time it seems to have been overlooked 
or confounded with Aguila clanga or Aquila nipalensis 
orientalis, and I know of no specimen existing in col- 
lections. 

During the recent expedition which J. H. McNeile and I 
made to the Dobrogea, one of the birds I obtained was 
the fine old male now shown, which is of importance since 
it establishes this Hagle as an addition to the Huropean 
avifauna. It was shot by a hunter at the village of Agighiol 
on an estuary of the Razim Lake, a land-locked bay on the 
Black Sea, on April 15, the day before we reached Tulcea, 
and brought to Dr. A. Rettig of that town, who made a skin. 
of it for me, as I recognized the interest of the specimen. 
Rettig knew of the existence of A. rapaz in the Dobrogea, 
but he thought this bird might be A. clanga. The village of 
Agighiol is situated in open cultivated country, but not far 
from the forest-region of Babadag. 

The Rumanian bird has (when accepted at all) generally 
been referred to the North African race, A. rapax belisarius ; 
but, after carefully comparing this bird with the four birds 
at Tring, I find it structurally different, and, having regard 
to the great distance by which it is separated from the 
North African race, this is not surprising. I consider 


11% [ Vol. xlv. 

therefore the Rumanian bird must form a separate race, 
for which Bree’s name must stand :— ; 

AQUILA RAPAX CULLENI Bree, Bds. Europe, ed. 2, i. p. 89, 
and pl. (1875) [Constanza, Dobrogea]. 

Hab. Black Sea coast of the Dobrogea, Rumania. 

The male bird shown is rather larger than A. rapax 
belisartus and apparently rather darker above and below, 
although it is in the brown plumage of the very old bird ; 
while the male bird at Tring is not in the oldest plumage, 
for it still shows some ochraceous colour on the underparts. 
Of the three females at Tring, one is quite immature in the 
albescent plumage, one in the intermediate or more tawny 
plumage, and one approaching the oldest plumage. 

The principal points in which A. r. cullena differs from 
A. r. belisarius are the smaller and less high culmen, the 
shorter claws, aud the longer tarsus. 

The comparative measurements are :— 

AL de. Ae ts Ase 
cullent, . belisarius, 3. belisarius, 2. 

mm. mm, mm. 
Length of wing (by flexible 525 512 540-555 
, rule). 
Peoria GF tail, . 4 Ios ...06 255 240 270 
Length of culmen (by dividers) 56 38°5 40°5-45 
ferme oreulmen ........-, 19 21 21 
Bre OP Di es ets oo 24. 29 27-29 
Weneth of tarsus ..4.:..... 97 Sith 93 
Length of outer claw........ 19 21°5 22-24 
Leneth of inner claw........ 29 31:5 32-345 
Length of middle claw...... 25 27 27-30 
Length of hind claw..,..... 29°5 325 30-37 

Mr. A. L. Butter exhibited a selection of six specimens 
of the remarkable Humming-bird, Loddigesia mirabilis, 
known only from a very restricted area in North Peru, and 
still very scarce in collections. 

Four adult males, a female, and an immature male were 
shown, all collected by Mr. O. T. Baron in Uctober 1895 at 
San Pedro, on the road from Cajamarea to Chachapoyas. 


Vol. xlv.] 112 

Mr. Butler was aware that a beautiful series of this bird 
had been exhibited by Lord Rothschild at a meeting of the 
Club as long ago as June 1896, but he did not know whether 
the attitude assumed by the male in displaying before the 
female had been mentioned on that occasion. It had been 
briefly described by Mr. Baron in the ‘ Novitates Zoologicee’ 
fer 1897. One of the birds now shown had been mounted 
by that collector to illustrate the display of the male, and 
Mr. Butler thought this was the only specimen that had 
been so prepared. 

Ordinarily, when the bird is at rest with the tail fully 
closed, the singular wire-like curved outer rectrices, each 
bearing a terminal spatule or disc an inch in diameter, cross 
each other close to the tail-root and cross again at about half 
their length. In the act of display they are spread apart 
until their bases are exactly opposite to each other and at 
right angles to the body, this action, and the semicircular 
curve of the shafts, projecting the flag-like spatules above 
and in front of the bird’s head. The spatules are brought 
forward in this manner, either when the bird is sitting on a 
twig, in which case the wings are spread and raised at the 
same time, or when the bird is hovering in the air close to | 
the female. It is noteworthy that Gould (Mon. Trochilide, 
vol. iii. letterpress to pl. 161) had suggested the possibility 
of this attitude after examining the only specimen known 
during his life-time. 

The muscular control of these feathers possessed by the 
bird must be very complete, as Mr. Baron observed that the 
spatules were frequently flipped together so as to produce a 
sharp clicking sound. In the young male exhibited, one of 
the long disc-bearing feathers was fully developed, while the 
corresponding feather of the immature plumage was not yet 
shed. Mr. Butler stated that he had seen several young 
males in a similar condition, but that in the moult of adult 
males the replacing of these feathers appeared to be syin- 
metrical, specimens obtained in July having both discs fully 
expanded and just clear of the tail-root. 


113 [ Vol. xlv. 

Concluding with some remarks on the history of this bird, 
Mr. Butler said that the type-specimen, sent to Mr. George 
Loddiges by his plant-collector Matthews in 1835 (after which 
the species was not obtained again until its rediscovery by 
Messrs. Stolzmann and Jelski in 1879), was still in perfect 
preservation, with the whole of the Loddiges collection, 
which contained several Humming-bird types, in the 
possession of the collector’s grandson, Mr. G. B. Loddiges,. 
at Barnes,S.W. Wolf’s beautiful plate of the birdin Gray’s 
‘Genera of Birds’? was an exact representation of this 
specimen as mounted in flight by Mr. Loddiges, even to the 
yellow eyes which had been incorrectly inserted in it, and 
which somewhat marred this otherwise perfect illustration. 

Lord RotHscHiLD remarked that Mr. Butler was in error 
in believing the specimen exhibited to be the only one 
mounted in the attitude of display. Mr. Baron had mounted 
three of his specimens in a similar manner, and one of the 
other two was now in the Tring Museum. 

Mr. P. F. Bunyarp exhibited a number of fully-ripened 
oak-galls which had been attacked by the Green Woodpecker, 

Picus viridis virescens, and made the following remarks :— 

While resting on a Surrey common on May 16th, I saw 
a Green Woodpecker fly towards a small oak-tree with 
something in its beak, one or two sharp movements with the 
head were made and the object dropped to the ground. On 
inspection J found half an oak-gall tightly wedged in the 
apex of a pointed hole, about 14 inches deep, obviously made 
by the Woodpecker. 

A quantity of these attacked galls were laying at the base 
of the tree, some of which I exhibit; it will be seen in most 
cases that these have been split in half. 

In some instances the two halves are held together by the 
stem, which forms a natural hinge. On closing the two 
halves it is possible to see that one blow was sufficient, in 
others two were required to split the galls, other specimens 


Vol. xlv.] 114 

show that the attack was not always successful, these having 
been apparently torn open from various angles until the 
centre was reached and the weevil secured. As far as I am 
aware, this is a new habit of the Green Woodpecker—or, at 
least, I have not previously observed it. 

The Rev. F. C. R. JourDAIn pointed out that the galls 
exhibited were not caused by a Weevil,as had been suggested 
by the exhibitor, but were those of a well-known Phyto- 
phagous Hymenopteron, Cynips kollari Htg. The habit of 
fixing these galls in fissures of bark or holes and splitting 
them to get at the larva had also been previously recorded of 
Dryobates major anglicus. 

Mr. CG. OtpHAmM stated that he had seen Dryobates minor 
comminutus attacking the galls in situ, for the same purpose. 

Mr. Grecory M. Maruews sent the following nomen- 
clatorial notes, viz. :— 

Broderipus chinensis rileyi, nom. nov. for Oriolus meri- 
dionalis Hartert, 1896, not Brehm, Isis, 1845, col. 332. 

Manucorax, gen. nov., differs from Manucodia of authors 
in lacking the little crest of feathers on the forehead. It also 
has a different-shaped tail. Type, Phonygama ater Lesson. 

Chalygama, gen. nov., differs from Phonygammus L. & G. 
in having a squarish tail and the eye-tufts more erect. 
Type, Phonygama hunsteint Sharpe. 


115 [ Vol. xlv. 
NOTICES. 

The next Meeting of the Club will be held on Wednesday, 
October 14th, 1925, at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT, 42-48 Great 
Portland Street, W.1, the Dinner at 7 p.m. 

Members intending to dine might kindly inform the Hon. 
Sec., Dr. G. C. Low, 86 Brook Street, Grosvenor Square, W. 1. 

ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING. 

This will also be held at PAGANI’S RESTAURANT on 
Wednesday, October 14th, 1925, at 5.45 p.m. An Agenda and 
Balance Sheet will be issued in September. 

[N.B.—Members who intend to make any communication 
at the next Meeting of the Club are requested to 
give notice beforehand to the Editor, Dr. Percy R. Lowe, 
at the Nat. Hist. Museum, South Kensington, and to 
place in his hands not later than at the meeting MSS. for 
publication in the Bulletin. | 

(Signed) 
ROTHSCHILD, Percy R. Lows, GrEORGE C. Low, 
Chairman. Editor, Hon. Sec. & Treas, 


ci bat 

WED RO TEG CE 256s 
re ie Bien} ve ts wi 

oe ake’) 
; i 

, ead 
po ee 


[ Names of new species and subspecies are indicated by clarendon type 
under the generic entry only. ] 

Acrulocercus bishopi, 93. 

Actinodura ramsayi minor, 
subsp. n., 74. 

addita, Micreca, 98. 

Addceca, gen. n., 93. 

fEthopyga siparaja mangini, 
subsp. n., 34. 

albidinucha, Domieella, 7. 

albiventer, Pnoepyga, 9. 

pallidior, Pnoepyga, 10. 

albiventris, Tchitrea, 76. 

alexanderi, Eremomela flaviventris, 
77. 

Alphaphilemon, gen. n., 94. 

alpina alpina, Calidris, 40. 

— srhinzti, Calidris, 40. 

altaicus, Falco, 18. 

—., Gypaétus barbatus, 86. 

Amadina pectoralis, 84. 

Ammomanes cinctura pallida, 26. 

deserti azizi, subsp. n., 20, 

26. 

payni, subsp. n., 36. 
amye, Turdinulus epilepidotus, 73. 
_anatarius, Mergus, 48. 

anglicus, Dryobates major, 114. 
annamensis, Criniger tephrogenys, 32. 
——, Micropternus brachyurus, 31. 
annectens, Tephrodornis gularis, 75. 
——- pelvicus, 75. 

apicaudus lowet, Sphenocercus, 31. 
Aquila chrysaétos, 64, 

canadensis, 70. 
chrysaétos, 69. 

— — daphanea, 70, 

Julvus, 69. 

homeyert, 70. 

japonica, 71. 

nobilis, 70. 

regalis, 69. 

daphanea, 66. 

VOL. XLV. 

—— 

— 

——— 

——— 

——d 

— 

—— — 

Aquila fulva, 66. 

atlantica, 66. 

—— — barthelemyi, 66. 
canadensis, 66. 

homeyeri, 66. 

Japonica, 66. 
kamtschatica, 66. 

regalis, 66. 

nobilis, 66. 

rapax belisarius, 110. 

culleni, 110. 
argentauris rubrogularis, Mesia, 75. 
assamensis, Psaroglossa spiloptera, 

ater, Phonygama, 114. 

atlantica, Aquila fulva, 66. 

aucheri, Lanius excubitor, 27. 

aximensis, Pedilorhynchus comitatus, 
4d. 

azizt, Ammamones deserti, 20, 26. 

bafirawari, Bradornis, sp. n., 41. 
balearica, Muscicapa striata, 5. 
bannermani, Cyornis pallipes, 32. 
barbatus, Gypaétus, 84. 

altaicus, Gypaétus, 86. 
— barbatus, Gypaétus, 85. 
grandis, Gypaétus, 85. 
hemachalanus, Gypaétus, 85. 
meridionalis, Gypaétus, 86. 
barthelemyi, Aquila fulva, 66. 
butesi, Batis minor, 54, 

Batis capensis capensis, 50. 
dimorpha, 50. 
erythrophthalma, 50, 
— diops, 52. 

Fratrum, 56. 

aturtensis, 51, 

minima, 51. 

minor bates, d4. 

— — chadensis, p4. 

—EEE 


Vol. xlv.| 

Batis minor congoensis, 54. 
erlangert, 53. 
minor, 5d. 
nyanze, OA, 
suahelicus, 54. 
— minilla, 51. 

— mizta, 51. 

molitor molitor, 52. 
puella, 52. 

soror, 32. 

—— mystica, 55. 

orientalis bella, 55. 
orientalis, 55. 
—— -— perkeo, 59. 
somaliensis, 55. 
poensis, O1. 

pririt, 53. 

reichenowt, 51. 
senegalensis, 5d. 
Batrachostomus hodgsoni, 104. 
moniliger, 164. 

bella, Batis orientalis, 55. 
bengalensis, Timalia pileata, 9. 
biarmicus, Panurus, 91. 
bicalcaratus, Polyplectron, 73. 
bicolor, Merula, 106. 

bishopi, Acrulocercus, 93, 
blythi, Muscicapa, 89. 
bonthaina, Pachycephala, 87. 
braccatus, Mohoa, 93. 
brachyurus annamensis, Micropternus, 

———y 

—y 

—EE 

——— 

— 

Bradornis bafirawari, sp. n., 
41. 

brevicandatus stevensi, Turdinulus, 

Broderipus chinensis rileyi, 
nom. n., 114. 

Bubo bubo desertorum, 26. 

Budytes flava leucocephala, 39, 40. 

buryi, Passer domesticus, 20. 

Butalis comitatus, 45. 

Buteo ferox, 27. 

Calidris alpina alpina, 40. 

schinzii, 40. 

Calliope davidi, 11. 

Calliptilus solitarius, 93. 

vaillanti, 93. 

camerunensis, Pedilorhynchus comt- 
tatus, 45. 

canadensis, Aquila chrysaétos, 70. 

JSulva, 66. 

canorus, Cuculus, 12, 40, 95. 

Capella gallinago, 25. 

capensis, Sturnopastor, 103. 

capensis, Batis, 50. 

dehre, Sturnopastor, 103. 

—— dimorpha, Batis, 50. 

— erythropthalma, Batis, 50. 

118 

Carduelis, 87. 

Carpodacus, 37, 

erythrinus, 37. 

carunculatus, Philesturnus, 76. 

, Sturnus, 76. 

castaneiventris, Monarcha, 94. 

Centropus violaceus, 9. 

Cephalopyrus flammiceps 
saturatus, subsp. n., 15. 

Certhia familiaris ernsti, 
subsp. n., 17. 

chadensis, Batis minor, 54, 

Chalygama, gen. n., 114. 

Charadrius pluvialis, 59. 

Chaunoproctus, 38.: 

chinensis klossi, Cissa, 34. 

macassariensis, Oriolus, 90. 

meridionalis, Oriolus, 99. 

rilyet, Broderipus, 114. 

chinguis ghigii, Polyplectrum, 30. 

Chloromonarcha, gen. n., 94. 

chloropus var., Gallinula, 9. 

chrysaétos, Aquila, 64. 

canadensis, Aquila, 70. 

— chrysaétos, Aquila, 69. 

daphanea, Aquila, 70. 

— fulvus, Aquila, 69. 

homeyeri, Aquila, 70. 

japonica, Aquila, 71. 

nobilis, Aquila, 70. 

regalis, Aquila, 69. 

chrysomela Muscicapa, 94. 

chrysotis, Xanthotis, 106. 

cinctura pallida, Ammomanes, 26. 

cinerascens nova, Monarcha, 89. 

cirlus, Emberiza, 1?. 

Cissa chinensis klossi, subsp. n., 
34. 

citrinella, Emberiza, 37. 

cloatesi, Gelochelidon nilotica, 41. 

coburm, Turdus, 90. 

musicus, 98. 

Coccothraustes, 37. 

celica, Eh ythrura prasina, 84. 

cognacgs, Tropicoperdix, 29. 

collini, Muscicapa, 90. 

comata, Hemiprocne, 104. 

comitatus, Butalis, 45. 

, Pedilorhynchus, 45. 

—, comitatus, 45. 

aximensis, Pedilorhynchus, 45, 

— camerunensis, Pedilorhynchus, 

45. 

comitatus, Pedilorhynchus, 45. 

— stuhlmannii, Pedilorhynchus, 
45. 

comminutus, Dryobates minor, 114. 

congoensis, Batis minor, 54, * 

contra, Sturnopastor, 103. 

coronata, Hemiprocne, 104. 

Corvus c. ruficollis, 27. 


Corvus paradoxus, 75. 

Creadion paradoxus, Td. 

Criniger tephrozenys anna- 
mensis, subsp. n., 32. 

henrict, 32. 

cristata, Pseudotadorna, 46. 

Cryptigata, gen. n., 94. 

Cryptolopha guilianetti, 94. 

cucullatus, Hyphantornis, 70. 

Cuculus eanornis, 12, 40, 95. 

cullent, Aquila rapax, 110. 

Cyanocompsa, 37. 

Cyornis magnirostris, 44. 

pallipes bannermani, 

subsp. n., 32. 

simplex, 90. 

daphanea, Aquila, 66. 

, —— chrysaétos, 70. 

Dauria, 36. 

daurica striolata, Hirundo, 27. 

vernayt, Hirundo, 27. 

davidi, Calliope, 11. 

dehre, Sturnopastor contra, 103. 

desertt azizi, Ammomanes, 20, 26. 

payni, Ammomunes, 36. 

desertoruwm, Bubo bubo, 26. 

Deviceca, gen n., 9-5. 

devittata, Domicella hypoinochroa, 8. 

diemensis, Tropidorhynchus, 9A. 

diluta, Thringorhina guttaté, 11. 

dimidiata, Monarcha, 93. 

dimorpha, Batis capensis, 50. 

diops, Batis, 52. 

domesticus, Passer, 37. 

buryi, Passer, 20. 

hufufe, Passer, \9, 26. 

Domicella albidinucha, sp. 
eee 

hypoinochroa devittata, 7. 

Drepanornis brnijgnt, . 

Drymocataphus tickelli oliva- 
ceus, subsp. n., 11. 

Dryobates major anglicus, 114. 

—— minor comminutus, 114. 

Duyvena, gen. n., 87. 

duyvenbodei, Nectarinia, 87. 

eburnea, Pagophila, 12. 

Kdolisoma oliense, 87. 

edwardsi, Hierophasis, 30, 98. 
eichhorni, Philemon, 8. 

Minberiza cirlus, 12. 

— citrinella, 37. 

— g. godlewskii, 39. 

s. spodocephala, 39. 
epilepidotus amye, Turdinulus, 13. 
Kremomela flaviventris alexanderi, 

17. 

119 

[ Vol. xlv.. 

Eremomela flaviventris griseoflava, 

77. 

78. 
——- — sahare, subsp. n., 77. 
sudane, subsp. n., 77. 
erlangert, Batis minor, 53. 
ernstt, Certhia familiaris, 17. 
Eroessa, 36. 
erythrinus, Carpodacus, 37. 
erythrocephalus hainanus, Pyrotrogon, 
105. 
intermedius, Pyrotrogon, 105. 
yamakanensis, Pyrotrogon, 105, 
erythrophthalma, Batis capensis, 50. 
Erythrura prasina ccelica, 
subsp. n., 84. 
Ethelornis mouki Keri, nom. n., 
41. 
everettt, Monarcha, 87. 
excubitor aucheri, Lanius, 27. 

—— karamojensis, subsp. n., 

Falco altaicus, 18. 

—— lorenzi, 18. 

regalis, 65. 

Jamiliaris ernsti, Certhia, 17. 

ferox, Buteo, 27. 

jlammiceps saturatus, Cephalopyrus, 
15. 

jlava leucocephala, Budytes, 39, 40. 

jlaviceps, Zosterops, 86. 

Jluviventer, Xanthotis, L06.. 

alexandert, Hremomela, 77. 

— griseoflava, Eremomela, 77. 

karamojensis, Hremomela, 78. 

sachare, Eremomela, 77. 

sudane, Eremomela, 77. 

Jflavoviridis, Neomizis, 35. 

tratrum, Batis, 56. 

Ffretensis, Tephrovornis gularis, 28. 

; pelvicus, 28, 7d. 

Fulgidus, Onychognanthus, 5, 

Buliqula homeyeri, 48. 

Sulva, Aquila, 66. 

atlantica, Aquila, 66. 

harthelemyt, Aquila, 66. 

canadensis, Aquila, 66. 

homeyeri, Aquila, 66. 

— kamtschatica, Aquila, 66, 

japonica, Aquila, 66. 

regalis, Aquila, 66. 

fulvus, Aquila chrysaétos, 69. 

gallingo, Capella, 25. 

Gallinula chloropus var., 9. 

Garrulax moniliger pasquieri, 
subsp. n , 32, 

pectoralis meridivi alis, 28, 

= —_.. subsufiusa, 28. 


Vol. xlv. |] 

Gelochelidon nilotica cloatesi, 
non. n., 41. 

Gerygone palhda, 41. 

- poliocephala, 94. 

ghigit, Polyplectrum chinquis, 30. 

godeffroyi, Monarcha, 94. 

godlewskii, Emberiza g., 39. 

gouldt, Mastersornis ruficollis, 41. 

gracilis hufufe, Prinia, 19, 26. 

grandis, Gypaétus barbatus, 85. 

Graucasoma, gen. n., 87. 

grisea siccata, Pyrrhulauda, 87. 

griscoflava, Eremomela flaviventris, 
77. 

griseus griseus, Nyctidius, 102. 

guilianetit, Cryptolopha, 94. 

gularis annectens, Tephrodornis, 75. 

Fretensis, Tephrodornis, 28. 

latouchet, Tephrodornis, 105. 

sordidior, Yuhina, 74. 

Gummy2za, gen.n., 93. 

gutiata diluta, Thringorhina, 11. 

Gymnorhis, 37. 

pyrgita kakamarie, 
subsp. n., 76. 

Gypaétus barbatus, 84. 

altaicus, 86. 

—- — grandis, 89. 

hemachalanus, 85. 

meridionalis, 86. 

—— 

hainanus, Pyrotrogon erythrocephalus, 
105. 

hemachalanus, Gypaétus barbatus, 
85. 

Heiniprocne comata, 104. 

coronata. 104. 

longipennis, 104. 

henrici, Criniger tephrogenys, 32. 

Hierophasis edwardsi, 30, 98. 

imperialis, sp. n., 29, 98. 

swinhoit, 98. 

Himatione parva, 98. 

Hirundo daurica striolata, 28. 

vernayi, subsp. n., 27. 

hodgsoni, Batrachostomus, 104. 

homeyeri, Aquila chrysaétos, 70. 

, —— Julva, 66. 

—-, Fuliguia, 48, 

hufufe, Passer domesticus, 19, 26. 

, Prinia gracilis, 19, 26. 

hinsteini, Phonygama, 114. 

Hylocitrea, gen.n., 87. 

Hyphantornis cucullatus, 79. 

hypoinochroa devittata, Domicella, "7. 

imperialis, Hierophasis, 29, 98. 

inornatus, Monarcha, 86. 

intensicolor, Procarduelis nipalensis, 
92. 

intermedia, Timalia pileata, 9. 

120 

intermedius, Pyrotrogon erythro- 
cephalus, 105. 
aturvensis, Batis, 51. 

japonica, Aquila chrysaétos, 71. 
, —— fulva, 66. 
japonicus, Lagopus mutus, 15. 

jerdoni, Timatia pileata, 9 

kakamarie, Gymnorhis pyrgita, 76. 

kamtschatica, Aquila fulva, 66. 

karamgjensis, Eremomela flaviventris, 
iter 

keri, Hthelornis mouki, 41. 

kikuchii, Passer rutilans, 16. 

kinneari, Mixernis, 33. 

klinesmithi, Lamprolia victoria, 106, 

klossi, Cissa chinensis, 34. 

kurilensis, Lagopus mutus, 15. 

Lagopus mutus gaponicus, 15. 
kurilensis, subsp. n., 

15. 
Lamprolia minor, 106. 
(victoria) klinesmithi, 106. 
Lanius excubitor aucheri, 27. 
lateralis mugga, Zosterups, 86. 
latirosiris, Myiagra, 41. 
latouchet, Tephrodornis gularis, 105, 
leucocephala, Budytes flava, 39, 40. 
Leucosticte margaritacea, 40. 
leucotis mesopotamie, Pycnonotus, 
26. 
Lilia substriata, 28. 
Loddigesia mirabilis, 111. 
longipennis, Hemiprocne, 104. 
lorenzi, Falco, 18. 
loricatus, Monarcha, 94. 
Lorimonarcha, gen. n., 94. 
lowei, Sphenocercus apicaudus, 31. 
Loxia, 38. 
lugubris, Motacilla, 12. 
Luscinia sibilans, 39, 

macassariensis, Oriolus 

90. 
magnirostris, Cyornis, 44. 
Magumma, gen. n., 93. 
major anglicus, Dryobates, 114. 
malacca orientalis, Munia, 58. 
mangint, Atthopyga siparaja, 34. 
Manucorax, gen. n., 114. 
manyar peguensis, Ploceus, 58. 
striatus, Ploceus, 58. 
margaritacea, Leucosticte, 40. 
Mastersornis ruficollis gouldi, 

nom, n., 41. 

chinensis, 


121 

melanoleuca, Muscicapula, 89. 

menckei, Monarcha, 94. 

mendane, Rhyticeros plicatus, 46. 

Mergus anatarius, 48. 

meridionalis, Gurrulax pectoralis, 
28. 

—., Gypaétus barbatus, 86. 

, Oriolus, 114. 

3 chinensis, 90. 

merlini, Tropicoperdix, 28. 

Merops samoensis, 93. 

Merula bicolor, 106. 

Mesia argentauris rubrogu- 
laris, subsp. n., 75. 

mesopotanie, Pycnonotus leucotis, 26. 

Micreca addita, 93. 

— papuana, 93. 

Micropternus brachyurus 
annamensis, subsp. n., 31. 

mininut, Batis, 51. 

minor, Actinodura ramsayt, 74. 

, Lamprolia, 106. 

— - batesi, Batis, 54. 

— chadensis, Batis, 54. 

—— comminutus, Dryobatis, 111. 

— congoensis, Batis, 4. 

— erlangert, Batis, 33. 

—- minor, Batis, 53. 

—- nyanz@, Batis, o4. 

suahelicus, Batis, 54. 

minulla, Batis, 51. 

mirabilis, Loddigesia, 111. 

Mixornis kinneari, sp. n., 33. 

mixta, Batis, 51. 

modesta, Poecilodryas, 94. 

Mohoa braccatus, 98. 

Mohohina, gen. n., 93. 

molitor molitor, Batis, 52. 

puella, Butis, 52. 

soror, Batis, 52. 

Molothrus, 38. 

monachus kikuyuensis, Oriolus, 78, 
79. 

rolleti, Oriolus, 78. 
Monarcha castaneiventris, 94. 
cinerascens nova, nom. n., 

86. 
—— dimidiata, 93. 
—— everetti, 87. 
— godeffroyi, 94. 
—— inornatus, 80. 
loricatus, 94. 
menckei, 94. 
Monarchalba, gen. Ms 94. 
Monarcharses, gen. n., 94. 
moniliger, Batr Tense. 104, 
—-- pasquieri, Garrulax, 32. 
montanus, Onychognathus moro, 6. 
ohscuratus, Pusser, 104. 
tihetanus, Passer 92, 104, 
Montifringilla, 37, 38. 

[Vol, xlv. 

morio, Onychognathus, 5. 

montanus, Onychognathus, 6. 

morio, Onychognathus, 5. 

neumanni, Onychognathus, 6. 

rueppelli, Onychognathus, 6. 

shelleyi, Onychognathus, 5. 

Motacilla lugubris, 12. 

mouki keri, Ethelornis, 41. 

mugga, Zosterops lateralis, 86. 

Munia malacca orientalis, 
subsp. n., 58. 

Muscicapa blythi, 89. 

chrysomela, 94. 

— collini, nom. n., 90. 

striata balearica, 5. 

Muscicapula melanoleuca, 89. 

musicus coburni, Turdus, 98. 

mutus japonicus, Lagopus, 15. 

— kurtlensis, Lagopus, 15. 

Myiagra latirostris, 41. 

mystica, Batis, 55. 

tI 

nabouroup, Onychognathus, 5. 

nana, Sylvia, 27. 

Nectarinia duyvenbodet, 87. 

Neomixis flavoviridis, sp. n., 
35. 

Neopomarea, gen. n., 94. 

Nesospiza, 38. 

nilotica cloatesi, Gelochelidon, 41. 

nipalensis intensicolor, Procarduelis, 
92. 

nobilis, Aquila, 66. 

: chry ysaétos, 7 70. 

nova, Monarcha cinerascens, 86. 

nyanze, Batis minor, 54. 

Nyectibius griseus griseus, 102. 

obiense, Edolisoma, 87. 
obscuratus, Passer montanus, 104. 
obsoleta obsoleta, Ptyonoprogne, 26. 
Oidemia steynegert, 39 
olivaceus, Drymocataphus tichkelli, 11. 
ONG CE Senet a 5. 
- morio, 5. 
montanus, 6. 
mori, d. 
neumanni, 6, 
rueppelli, 6. 
shelleyi, 5. 
nabouroup, d. 
Oreomyias riisi, 44. 
orientalis, Munia malacca, 58. 
bella, Batis, 5D. 
orientalis, Batis, 55. 
perkeo, Batis, &5. 
somaliensis, Batis, 5d. 
Oriolus chinensis macassa- 
riensis, nom. n., 90. 

ee! 
ave 


Vol. xlv. | 

Oriolus chinensis meridionalis, 90. 
—— meridionalis. 114. 

monachus kikuyuensis, 78, 79. 
rolleti, 78. 

Oryzoborus, 37. 

Pachycephala bonthaina, 87. 
Pachycilodryas, gen. n., 94. 
pacificus whitneyt, Puffinus, 106. 
Pagophila eburnea, 12. 

pallida, Ammomanes cinctura, 26. 
pallida, Gerygone, 41. 

pallidior, Pnoepyga albiventer, 10. 
pallipes bannermant, Cyornis, 32. 
Panurus biarmicus, 91. 

russicus, 91. 

papuana, Micreca, 93. 
paradoxus, Corvus, 75. 

-- Creadion, 75. 

parva, Himatione, 93. 

pasquiert, Garrulax moniliger, 32. 
Passer, 37. 

——— domesticus, 37. 

buryt, 20. 

hufufee, subsp. n., 19. 
—— montanus obscuratus, 104. 
tibetanus, subsp. n., 92, 

oe 

104. 
—— rutilans kikuchii, subsp. n., 
16. 
paynt, Ammomanes deserti, 36. 
pectoralis, Amadina, 84. 
, Uroloncha, 84. 
meridionalis, Garrulax, 28. 
subsuffusa, Garrulaa, 28. 
Pedilorhynchus comitatus axi- 
mensis, subsp. n., 40. 
camerunensis, 45. 
comitatus, 45. 
stuhlmannt, 44, 45. 
peguensis, Ploceus manyar, 58. 
pelvicus annectens, Tephrodornis, 28, 
75. 
fretensis, Tephrodornis, 75. 
vernayt, Tephrodornis, 28. 
perkeo, Batis orientalis, 55. 
Petronia, 37. 
Philemon eichhorni, sp. n., 8. 
Philesturnus carunculatus, 76. 
Phonygama ater, il4. 
hunsteini, 114. 
Phonygammus yorki, sp. n., 
1 

—— 

Picus viridis virescens, 113. 
Piezormona, geu. n., 37. 
pileata bengalensis, Timalia, 9. 
intermedia, Timalia, 9. 
jerdont, Timalia, 9. 
Pitylus, 38. 

plicatus mendane, Rhyticeros, 46. 

122 

Ploceus manyar peguensis, 
subsp. n., 53. 

-—— striatus, 58. 

pluvialis, Charadrius, 59. 

Pnoepyga albiventer, 9. 

pallidior, nom. n., 10. 

squamata, 9. 

Pecilodryas modesta, 94, 

poensis, Batis, 51. 

poliocephala, Gerygone, 94. 

Polyplectron bicalcaratus, 78. 

Polyplectrum chinguis ghigii, 
subsp. n., 30. 

prasina celica, Hrythrura, 84. 

Prinia gracilis hufufe, subsp. n., 
19, 26. 

pririt, Batis, 53. 

Procarduelis nipalensis inten- 
sicolor, subsp. n., 92. 

Proceriolotes, gen. n., 94. 

procerior, Ptilotis, 94. 

Psaroglossa spiloptera assam- 
ensis. subsp. n., 14. 

Pseudomoho, gen. n., 93. 

Pseudotadorna cristata, 46. 

Pterocles senegallus, 27. 

Prilotis procerior, 94. 

Piyonoprogne obsoleta obsoleta, 26.. 

puella, Batis molitor, 52. 

Puffinus pacificus whitneyi, 
subsp.n., 106. 

Pycnonotus leucotis mesopotamica, 
26. 

Pyrgilauda, 37. 

pyrgita kakamarie, Gymnoriis, 76. 

Pyrotrogon erythrocephalus hainanus, 
105. 
105. 

intermedius, subsp. n., 

yamakanensis, 105. 
Pyrrhulauda grisea siccata, 
subsp. n., 87. 

ramsayi minor, Actinodura, 74. 

rapax cullent, Aquila, 114. 

Rarotonga, gen. n., 93. 

regalis, Aquila chrysaétos, 69. 

; Sulva, 66. 

, Halco, 6d. 

reichenowt. Batis, 51. 

Rhyticeros plicatus men- 
dane, subsp. n., 46. 

Richmondena, 387. 

riisi, Oreomyias, 44. 

rileyt, Boderipus chinensis, 111. 

Rothschildia, 93. 

rubrogularis, Mesia argentaurus, 75. 

ruepellt, Onychognathus morio, 6. 

ruficeps. Turdus, 106. 

ruficollis, Corvus c., 27. 


123 

ruficollis gouldi, Mastersornis, 41. 

rufiventris, Uroloncha, 84. 

rufogularis stevenst, Scheeniparus, 
10, 

russicus, Panurus, 91. 

vutilans kikuchii, Passer, 16. 

sahare, Eremomela flaviventris, 77. 

Saltator, 38. 

samoensis, Merops, 938. 

saturatus, Cephalopyrus flammiceps, 
15. 

schinzit, Calidris alpina, 40. 

Schoeniparus rufogularis ste- 
vensi, subsp. n., 10 

senegalensis, Batis, 59. 

senegallus, Pterocles, 27. 

shelleyi, Onychognathus morio, 5. 

sibilans, Luscinia, 39. 

sibiricus, lurdus s., 39. 

siccata, Pyrrhulauda grisea, 87. 

simplex, Cyornis, 90. 

siparaja mangini, Aithopyga, 34. 

solitarius, Calliptilus, 93. 

somaliensis, Batis orientalis, 55. 

sordidior, Yuhina gularis, 74. 

soror, Batis molitor, 52. 

Sphenocercus apicaudus 
lowei, subsp. n., 31. 

spiloptera assamensis, Psaroglossa, 14. 

spodocephala, Emberiza, 39. 

squamata, Pnoepyga, 9. 

stejnegeri, Oidemia, 39. 

stevensi, Scheniparus rufogularis, 10. 

, Lurdinulus brevicaudatus, 74. 

striata balearica, Muscicapa, 5. 

subsguamicollis, Uroloncha, 39. 

striatus, Ploceus manyar, 58. 

striolata, Hirundo daurica, 28. 

stuhimanni, Pedilorhynchus, 44, 

: comitatus, 45, 

Sturnopastor capensis, 103. 

dehre, subsp. n., 103. 

contra, 108. 

Sturnus carunculatus, 76. 

suahelicus, Batis minor, 54. 

subsquamicollis, Uroloncha 
59. 

substriata, Lilla, 28. 

subsuffusa, Garrulax pectoralis, 28, 

sudane, HKremomela flaviventris, 77. 

swinhoti, Hierophasis, 98, 

Sylvia nana, 27. 

striata, 

Tchitrea albiventris, sp. n., 

Tephrodornis gularis annectens, 75. 

Sretensis, 28. 

—— —— latoucheli, subsp. n., 
105. 

—— pelvicus annectens, 75, 

[ Vol. xlv. 

Tephrodornis pelvicus fretensis, 28, 
7d. 

vernayt, 28. 

tephrogenys annamensis, 
32. 

—- henrici, Criniger, 32. 

Thringorhina guttata diluta, 
subsp. n., 11. 

tibetanus, Passer montanus, 92, 104. 

tickelli olivaceus, Drymocataphus, 
11. 

Timalia pileata bengalensis, 9. 

intermedia, nom. n., 9. 

jerdoni, 9. 

Trocheligone, gen. n., 94. 

Ce Sey cognacqui, sp. n., 
29. 

Criniger, 

merlini, sp. n., 28. 

Tropidorhyuchus diemenensis, 94. 

Turdinulus brevicaudatus 
stevensi, subsp. n., 74. 

epilepidotus amye, subsp. 
hia 

Turdus coburni, 90. 

——- musicus coburn, 98, 

ruficeps, 106. 

—— s. sibiricus, 39. 

Uroloncha pectoralis, 84. 
rufiventris, nom. n., 84, 

striata subsquamicollis, 
subsp. n., 99. 

vaillanti, Calliptilus, 93. 

vernayt, Hirundo daurica, 27. 

, Tephrodornis pelvicus, 28. 
victorie klinesmithi, Lamprolia, 106. 
violaceus, Centropus, 9. 

virescens, Picus viridis, 1138. 

viridis virescens, Picus, 113. 

whitneyi, Puffinus pacificus, 106. 

Aanthotis chrysotis, 106, 
Jlaviventer, 106. 

yamakanensis, 
cephalus, 105. 

yorki, Phonogammus, 17. 

Yuhina gularis sordidior, 
subsp. n., 74 

Pyrotrogon  erythro- 

Zosterops flaviceps, 86. 
— lateralis mugga, nom. n., 
86. 


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