Department of the Army Historical Summary Fiscal Year 1974

Department of the Army Historical Summary - Fiscal Year 1974

Department of the Army
Historical Summary

Fiscal Year 1974

Compiled by

Karl E. Cocke

CENTER OF MILITARY HISTORY
UNITED STATES ARMY
WASHINGTON, D.C., 1978

Preface

The Department of the Army Historical Summary for Fiscal Year 1974 is the latest in a series of periodic reports of the Army's expenditures, work, and accomplishments that began with Secretary of War John C. Calhoun's report to President James Monroe in 1822. This year's report is the fourth to be published separately by the Army following cancellation of the Annual Report of the Secretary of Defense -a document which had incorporated the annual reports of all the service secretaries from 1948 through 1968.

The Army Historical Summary is based upon narrative contributions prepared by Army staff agencies having primary responsibility for the subject matter covered. The objective of the report is to present a clear, succinct account of major events and developments within the Army and to serve as a primary source of reasonably comprehensive and quickly retrievable information for both official and public use.

The compiler gratefully acknowledges the cooperation of the action officers on the Army staff who assisted in preparing the report and expresses his appreciation to the members of the Histories Division, U.S. Army Center of Military History, for their suggestions and wise counsel. His special thanks go to Mrs. Barbara H. Gilbert for her skills, patience, and understanding in editing the summary. The index was prepared by Miss Anne W. Beard.

Washington, D. C.
20 March 1977

KARL E. COCKE

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Contents

Chapter		Page
1.	INTRODUCTION	1
2.	OPERATIONAL FORCES	3
	Europe and the Middle East	3
	The Pacific and the Far East	5
	The Western Hemisphere	7
	Readiness	9
	Command and Control	10
	Civil Affairs and Psychological Operations	10
	Chemical, Biological, and Nuclear Matters	11
	Security Assistance	12
	Military Support to Civil Authorities	16
	Military Engineering	20
	International Humanitarian Law	21
3.	FORCE DEVELOPMENT	23
	Concepts and Doctrine	23
	Systems	25
	Training and Schooling	31
4.	ORGANIZATION	35
	The Department of the Army Staff	35
	Command Reductions and Realignments	38
	Field Organization	41
5.	INTELLIGENCE AND COMMUNICATIONS	42
	Intelligence	42
	Communications	45
6.	PERSONNEL	51
	Enlisted Personnel	51
	Officer Personnel	54
	Personnel Management	57
	Pay, Leave, and Travel	58
	Equal Opportunity and Minority Recruitment	60
	Alcohol and Drug Abuse	62
	Leadership and Motivation	63
	Crime, Discipline, and Military Justice	63
	Civilian Personnel	66
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Chapter		Page
7.	RESERVE FORCES	70
...	Management	70
	Force Structure	71
	Personnel	72
	Equipment and Maintenance	74
	Construction and Facilities	75
	Readiness and Training	75
	Support to Civil Authorities	76
8.	MANAGEMENT, BUDGET, AND FUNDS	78
...	Management Programs, Systems; and Techniques	78
	Budget and Funds	83
	Financial Management	83
	Internal Audit	88
9.	LOGISTICS	90
	Logistics Management	90
	Logistics Systems Development	91
	Materiel Maintenance	93
	Aviation Logistics	93
	Supply and Depot Operations and Management	95
	Transportation	97
	Facilities and Construction	99
	Support of Operations in Europe	103
	Support of Operations in the Far East	103
	Military Aid (International Logistics)	104
10.	SUPPORT SERVICES	107
	Health and Medical Affairs	107
	Religion	109
	Housing and Homeowners Assistance	110
	Food Service	113
	Commissaries	114
	Laundry and Dry Cleaning	115
	Clothing and Personal Equipment	115
	Heraldic Activities	116
	Morale and Recreation	117
	Education	120
	Legal Assistance	122
	United States Soldiers' and Airmen's Home	122
	Memorial Affairs	123
11.	RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND ACQUISITION	126
	Program and Budget	126
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Chapter		Page
	Research and Technology	127
	Development	131
	International Research and Development	138
	Materiel Acquisition	139
	Aircraft Procurement	139
	Missile Procurement	140
	Weapons and Tracked Combat Vehicle Procurement	140
	Ammunition Procurement	141
	Other Procurement	141
12.	SPECIAL FUNCTIONS	143

	Civil Works	143
	Environmental Protection and Preservation	146
	Army Energy Program	149
	Emergency Operations	151
	Civil Litigation	152
	Promotion of Rifle Practice	156
13.	SUMMARY	158
	Appendix A: Organization of the Department of the Army	(inside back cover)

	Tables
No.
1.	Military Training Under the Foreign Assistance Act in Fiscal Year 1974	15
2.	Chronology of the Fiscal Year 1974 Direct Budget Plan	84

	Charts
1.	Army Budget for Selected Fiscal Years Between 1964 and 1974	85
2.	Office of the Comptroller of the Army Before 20 May 1974	86
3.	Office of the Comptroller of the Army, 20 May 1974	87

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