Trois sublimes canailles

It seems John Ford made his best films when a great story happened to coincide with his own sensibilities. For a director who filmed masculine camaraderie with more tenderness than male-female romance, and almost gave more weight to the comic asides than the actual plot, 3 Bad Men seems tailor-made – a Western in which the eponymous outlaws are the heroes, and the love story between Olive Borden and the more typically heroic George O'Brien becomes a subplot.

Ford's tendency to improvise gags, and expand comic relief to entire scenes is often a bit excessive, but in 3 Bad Men it does not matter so much because the comedy characters are protagonists rather than supporting players threatening to steal the show. In fact the laughs we have had throughout the film make the poignant finale really pay off. You get a similar effect in Charlie Chaplin's features. What's more, Tom Santschi, J. Farrell MacDonald and Frank Campeau, big ugly supporting players that they were, were nevertheless great actors who here prove themselves fully capable of emotional depth.

Ford, meanwhile, can be seen gradually developing into a confident craftsman, especially as regards his shot composition. While his earliest pictures featured framing that was pretty yet distracting, he now achieves the same aesthetics with far more subtlety. A major difference is that whereas before the framing devices were "fixed" items – for example a tree or a canopy – he now achieves a more natural look – a figure leaning against a post in the foreground here, the end of a wagon there. He still occasionally makes use of the old-fashioned "heavier" framing, but only to highlight a key moment, for example enclosing Olive Borden and Tom Santschi between two cavern walls towards the end.

This is of course also an epic pioneer Western and, although the historical context is not paramount as it is in The Iron Horse, Ford constantly reminds us that a civilization is being built in the background – literally. As in many of his pictures, he balances the story of individuals with the story of masses, often in the same frame, so a dialogue scene might take place with a few horses or wagons trailing past in the distance – always done with so much control so as not to let the one outbalance the other. Perhaps the best example is in an emotional little vignette at the end of the land rush scene – a wagon fills most of the screen, but Ford allows a tiny gap on the left to show the settlers carrying on in the background – just keeping that part of the story going without allowing it to dominate.

By the way, the new Dana Kaproff score that accompanies the recent "Ford at Fox" restoration of 3 Bad Men is also very good. This is as far as I can tell the only silent score Kaproff (normally a TV composer) has done, but he handles the form with skill. It's full of little touches that I like – for example, about twenty minutes in there is a brief scene of George O'Brien's character carrying on his way, singing his song, silhouetted against the sun. Kaproff, rather than giving us the same tune, uses a minor key variation. We recognise it as O'Malley's signature tune, but it just has that little difference that stops it becoming samey, while at the same time corresponding to the sombre tone of the shot.

3 Bad Men is probably Ford's best silent picture. Here at last he has been given a story in which the silhouettes of men on horseback riding across the plains can be tinged with both excitement and poignancy. That was where romance truly lay for old Jack Ford.

The story is kind of all over the place, and it has a weird mixture of comedy and drama (which, of course, is hardly odd in a John Ford film), but this is a pretty good one. Tom Santschi, J. Farrell MacDonald and Frank Campeau play three outlaws who plan to rob a covered wagon of its horses, but instead find young Olive Borden weeping over her dead father. They're disarmed and decide to turn a new leaf and take care of the girl (to note: she is a young adult, not a child). They become her surrogate father and help her as she establishes herself in the newly formed town that has sprung up in the Dakotas. Soon, there is to be a land rush, and many have gathered there before the land is opened to colonization (the pesky Indians have been removed to a reservation - they aren't a huge part of the film, but occasionally they can be seen watching the white men). The three bad men start looking for a husband for Borden and hit upon George O'Brien. The villain here (Lou Tellegen) is interestingly the law man and wears a white hat. The photography is gorgeous and Ford's direction is excellent. Despite the sloppiness of the script, it's a gripping Western. The land rush sequence is equal to the one in Cimarron four years later.

The mere mention of John Ford conjures up an image of his reputation as the premier director of Westerns. He began his career directing the films set in the Old West, and his last body of respectable films were of that genre. In a thirteen year span early in his movie career, however, he surprisingly didn't have one Western in his portfolio.

This wasn't his choice nor the Fox Studio he worked. Westerns had worn itself out by the late 1920s, and movie fans were flocking elsewhere to see a variety of dramatic and comic films. Ford's last shot at the Westerns took place with the August 1926 release of "3 Bad Men." It would be over a decade later before he redefined Westerns and made them popular again in his 1939 "Stagecoach."

Based on a Herman Whitaker 1916 novel, 'Over The Border,' "3 Bad Men" follows a caravan of settlers in their covered wagons headed for the Dakotas where gold has reportedly been struck in 1877. Along the way, three men with a rap sheet a mile long plan to steal some horses from one of the members of the wagon train, the beautiful Lee Carlton (Olive Bordon) and her father. Before they can implement their plan, however, her father gets shot by a different set of outlaw. The three wannabe horse thieves, struck by Lee's plight, decide to protect her until the end of the trail in Custer. The town, however, has a corrupt sheriff (Lou Tellegen) who heads as bloodthirsty of an outlaw gang as there is one.

One of the primary idiom for Hollywood period-piece films is don't look for historical accuracy. "3 Bad Men" contains a spectacular race by settlers for open land as found in in 1932's "Cimarron," and 1992's "Far And Away," with Tom Cruise and Nichole Kidman, which reenact the 1889 Oklahoma Land Run. The Dakotas never had such a stampede of wagons and horse riders racing to get the best land available. But the sequence is nonetheless eye popping for its utter chaos. Ford, who loved location shooting, filmed the 15-month production near Victorville, California, for the desert scenes as well as around Jackson Hole, Wymong. Three actresses became very sick from the fever during the shoot, including Olive Borden.

Bordon, who dated the co-star of "3 Bad Men," George O'Brien, was at the height of her career when she appeared in the Ford film. A year later, as a belt-tightening move, Fox Studio asked everyone to take a 10% cut in salary. She refused and had no trouble getting picked up by a couple of competitive studios. The trouble for her began when she cut her hair into the fashionable bob, placing her in the unfamiliar role as a flapper. Her career sank like a rock, especially when movies transitioned into talkies, despite her taking a number of voice lessons to get rid of her Virginian southern accent. She was broke by the late 1930s. She did serve as an Army ambulance driver in Europe during World War Two, receiving a citation for finding and turning over an enemy's ammunition truck. Once back in the states, she hit the bottle, became an alcoholic and ended up in Los Angeles' skid row, dying at the young age of 41.

This film convinces me that John Ford deserves his legendary status. He seems to have had his unique gift for cinema story telling from his beginnings. This is a starkly realistic tale depicting , unromantically , some of the brutal hardship of the late 19th century west.

There is great poignancy in the loyalty and ethos which surface in even the most "bad" of men. To convey this in a silent film , with fairly minimal use of dialogue screens , required some pretty good acting and good camera work. There are several protracted facial studies which convey the critical messages very eloquently. Through most of the film I forgot that there was no "talking" dialogue. There are some surprisingly "contemporary" humor lines on the dialogue screens , not typical of westerns but quite typical of Fords evolving love of pathos.

This is a great find - some excellent performances here (Olive Borden as the plucky little heroine, Priscilla Bonner as poor little misguided Millie, Lou Tellegen as the corrupt sheriff in rather silly hat) and an excellent story which has a lot to say and keeps you watching. If only someone out there would restore it to its former glory ... wouldn't it look wonderful?