Markens grøde

Commoners have always had complicated lives; they've had to work for what they get and suffer many adversities and woes in the process. They have nothing in common with aristocrats who enjoy the good life without doing anything at all.

That particular and peculiar fight for life is very well depicted in the Norwegian silent film "Markens Grode" (1921) wherein farmers Herr Isak and Frau Inger ( Herr Armund Rydland and Frau Karen Poulsen ) live a rough life in a dry and lonely moor in the North of Norway. When the third child of Inger and Isak is born with a hare lip, Inger decides to spare him a life of gibes and ridicule, preferring to kill him in the greatest secrecy. But she is betrayed and has to spend several years in prison. During her detention, some copper is discovered in the region and the population greatly increases as a result.

So we have a story of many hardships suffered by those pioneers who, in addition to struggling to tame nature, also have to endure even more dangerous enemies such as administrative officials. The number of new people in the area ends up increasing the injustices.

"Markens Grode" was based on a very successful book written by the Norwegian Nobel Prize writer Herr Knut Hamsun. In order to celebrate the 150th anniversary of his birth ( Here Hamsun is only a kid in comparison with this old German count… ), the Norwegian Film Institute restored the film thanks to two different copies that were available, a nice restoration including the original tints. The film is an interesting piece of silent archaeology especially for this German count who does not know much about Norwegian silent oeuvres. The film has those elements so dear to Nordics: fantastic, supernatural elements connected with nature, the struggle to survive in a hostile environment, and the endurance of human beings against the odds (something that is universal, not just particular to Nordic culture).

The film was directed by Herr Gunnar Sommerfeldt who also has a role in the film. The actors play their parts convincingly and make the audience feel the sorrows and joys of Herr Isak and Frau Inger as time passes inexorably on. It is a beautiful film wherein the Norwegian wild landscape becomes a central character.

And now, if you'll allow me, I must temporarily take my leave because this German Count must continue to spend an idle and unworried life.

Based on a wildly popular novel of 1917 (the author Knut Hamsun was awarded the Nobel prize for literature for the book in 1920) this film was, for many years, considered 'lost' until an incomplete copy turned up in New York. In 1991 another copy came to light in the Dutch Film Museum. Most of the film was recreated from these two incomplete prints. A full orchestral accompaniment had been composed by composer Leif Halvorsen for its initial release and a copy of the score was found in 1994 in the Norewegian Broadcasting Corperation's archives where it had been sitting on a shelf for forty years.

Synopsis: Isak, a middle-aged wanderer, builds himself a homestead in the middle of the wilderness. Eventually he is joined by Inger who is described in a caption as "comely" but disfigured with a hare lip. Together they tame the wilderness and have three children. Two boys and a girl. The girl is is born with a hare lip and Inger kills and buries her. The burial is seen by Oline, a less than nice neighbour, who spreads the news. Eventually Inger is tried and convicted to eight years in prison, little realising she is again already pregnant.

Isak is heartbroken but continues to bring up his two sons. He sells some of his land to a copper mining company and becomes relatively wealthy. More settlers buy land around the homestead. Inger is released after eight years and returns home with the daughter she has born while in jail.

The action then switches to the next generation, Barbro, the daughter of a neighbour, and Axel, a strapping lad with a beard, get together. She then learns that her Axel is taking a job that rightfully belongs to her father. She falls into a river while in labour and the baby dies. She is tried for murder in 'the city'. Meanwhile her husband stupidly manages to get himself trapped under a falling tree. He calls for help. The only person within earshot is Barbro's father (why neither of these two is in the city at the trial is not explained) The Father walks on by leaving Axel to die. Barbro is acquitted, and returns home to find her husband still alive under the tree. She goes and gets Isak to help. He pulls Axel free and the pair are reconciled. There is a wedding and Isak and Inger slip away to look at the sky and wonder at the marvels of nature and the rural idyll that they have created.

The first part of the film is straightforward linear narrative and its simple story is easy to follow. Stilted, slow, and clumsy it may seem to today's eyes (there were sniggers and laughs at some of the captions in the showing I was at) but there is a simple honesty here that rewards the viewer. The camera is solidly placed and, apart from the odd pan and the occasional iris to black, pretty square-on to the action. The acting is never over the top or melodramatic, the filming is direct and almost documentary like, the staging often clumsy and fumbled. (Indeed I can't recall having seen a film in which I spent so much time looking at peoples' backs as this one.) It all gives the film a sense of reality that is refreshing. The moment where Inger gently rolls the turf back over the shallow grave of the child like a blanket is done with such tenderness and simplicity it makes it a beautiful, genuinely moving moment.

The latter part of the film after Inger's return is more confusing and, I suspect, is suffering more lost footage than the first part*. There is a strike at the mine, we see workers leaving, and shaking their fists in anger, then - nothing, no further mention is made of the strike or the mine for the rest of the film. And it may be my ignorance of the social structure of Norway at the time but it seems odd that Barbro and Axel get married _after_ she has already had one child by him. And I still can't work out how long Axel was supposed to have been under that tree. Several days I think.

There is one great moment in this film where the director breaks free of his static shots and slow pans. As Axel is lying under the tree the camera slowly dollies in on the lamp Barbro has left by his side and there is an extraordinary little montage of scudding clouds and faces before the camera pulls back out again in reverse. There were moments towards the end where I was reminded of John Ford's movies, especially the shot where we see Isak and Inger through the open doorway slipping away from the party - I wonder if he ever saw it?

I saw this film projected with an 28 piece orchestra performing the music - the first time I have ever seen 'silent' film as it was meant to be seen. It was an interesting experience that I would recommend to anyone remotely interested in the history of film.

*The Norwegian Film Institute (and the IMDb) list this as running at 107 minutes (2426 meters) The recreated version I saw tonight ran at 93 minutes so there are 14 or so minutes still missing.