Manthan

Dr. Varghese Kurien left for his heavenly abode on 09th September, 2012 and I am late in paying my tribute to him. I am paying my tribute through this review which is of a movie whose Dr. Kurien himself was a part of.

Hailed as the Milkman of India, Dr. Kurien was the pioneer of White Revolution in India which not only substantially increased milk production in India but also systematized its collection and distribution and a network of milk cooperative societies came into existence through the relentless efforts of Dr. Kurien. This compaign known as Operation Flood, created dairy cooperatives all over rural India ensuring that the milk producers get the right price of the product and are saved from the exploitation of the middlemen.

However no good work could be (and can be) done smoothly in the feudalistic and exploitative set up of India. And that's shown in director Shyam Benegal's movie - Manthan (1976) whose story was given by Dr. Kurien himself. Renowned playwright - Vijay Tendulkar wrote its screenplay and legendary Shaayar - Kaifi Aazmi wrote its dialogs.

Appearing to be inspired by the real life experience of Dr. Kurien himself, the story of Manthan (the churning) starts with the arrival of a vet, Dr. Rao (Girish Karnaad) in a small village, Sanganva (Gujarat). He has been deputed by the government to start a dairy cooperative in that area. His team includes Deshmukh (Mohan Aagashe), Chandavarkar (Anant Naag) etc. Quite naturally, the local dairy owner, Mishra (Amrish Puri) who also happens to be the money-lender of the village, is not finding this activity as compatible for his exploitative business. He buys the milk from the poor milkmen of the village at very less rates and makes exorbitant profit which is now in danger due to the forming of the cooperative society in the village. On the other hand, the sarpanch, i.e., the head of the local governing body of the village (Kulbhushan Kharbanda), sees the cooperative as another means to further his power and awe in the village. The major chunk of the village population is made by the lower caste people (HARIJANS) and they look upon not only these high profile exploiters but also the urban incomers as their enemies only, mighty but unreliable. Their leader is a good-hearted but arrogant and short-tempered youth, Bhola (Nasiruddin Shah).

Quite naturally, the path ahead for the idealist young hero, Dr. Rao is thorny and stony. But he decides not to compromise with his ideals and not to get awed by the might of the opposers. He considers all human-beings as equal and endeavours to involve the HARIJAN milkmen in the cooperative society so that the purpose of the cooperative movement is served in the real sense. Bhopa first misunderstands him but once seeing his pious intentions, he joins the society with his caste brethren. Dr. Rao also gets ample moral support from a sensible and mature milkwoman - Bindu (Smita Patil). However where on one hand, Mishra is conspiring against Dr. Rao and the cooperative society, the sarpanch after losing the election of the chairman of the cooperative society to a HARIJAN youth, goes against them on the other. Mishra gets the support of the drunkard and wicked husband of Bindu in his evil scheme and he makes many moves simultaneously to jolt Dr. Rao and his endeavours and grind his own axe. The sarpanch finally arranges the calling back of Dr. Rao to his original place through a government order. However by this time, the poor as well as the oppressed masses have identified their collective strength through the inspiration of Bhola and they do not allow the cooperative society to lose its existence despite the return of Dr. Rao and his team.

Manthan is technically superior and the complete rural milieu has got enlivened on the screen. Several real villagers have also acted in the movie. Every frame (and every character) appears to be real. The length of the movie is not much but whatever is there, the narrative proves to be thoroughly engrossing for the viewer. There is no laxity or boredom anywhere.

Music director Vanraj Bhatia has made background score according to the mood of the movie. There is only one song - Mero Gaam Katha Paare, Jahaan Doodh Ki Nadiya Baahe in the movie for which Preeti Saagar won the Filmfare award for the best female playback singer. It's a Gujarati lyric penned by Niti Saagar. And now this famous song with a clip from the movie is always used as a part of the advertisement of Amul.

The famous theatre personality, playwright and actor - Girish Karnaad has excelled in the lead role of Dr. Rao. The film also features another pillar of Indian theatre - Mohan Aagashe. Many actors who were introduced to the Indian cine-audience through the parallel cinema movement of the seventies are there in this movie, viz. Smita Patil, Nasiruddin Shah, Kulbhushan Kharbanda, Anant Naag etc. are there and everyone of them has left his / her mark through admirable performance. Late Amrish Puri with his peculiar dialog delivery amuses the audience despite being in a negative role.

As rightly said by Bhola to Dr. Rao in the movie that it's easy to talk about ideals (or begin with them) but the real achievement is to stick to them even when everything goes against the protagonist. The idealism of most of the idealists loses its steam and even its breath midway because they are not strong from inside to endure the adverse times. All the same, the ending scene of Manthan declares loud and clear that an idealist may lose, the ideal doesn't.

Watching an old classic like "Manthan" in modern color corrections and beautifully restored quality brings a unique kind of beauty and emotion. Seeing it for the first time, this timeless film offers a profound and inspiring look at the potential for change through collective action. Funded by half a million farmers who each contributed a token amount, it reflects the collective spirit it champions, perfectly aligning with the film's theme. Shyam Benegal's masterful direction, using the rural landscape with stunning cinematography, and precise editing and cuts that surpass even many contemporary films. The perfect ensemble cast delivers powerful performances, with Smita Patil shining like a classic diamond. Human films like this with such performances are rare in today's AI and CGI-dominated world of superheroes and corporate production...

Manthan is a film based on real life incident inspired by milk cooperative movement of Late Verghese Kurien and is directed by Shyam Benegal. The film stars Late Girish Karnad, Late Smita Patil, Naseeruddin Shah, Kulbhushan Kharbanda and Late Amrish Puri.

A veterinarian makes a visit to a village, where he intends to commence a co-operative society dairy for the betterment of the rural people.

This is one of the most underrated and brilliant work of Indian cinema and one of the lesser talked film. The film is superb in many aspects be it the realism the film carries, the originality of the characters and their acting, the true depiction of caste-ism prevailing at that time in the society and is still prevails in some parts of rural India and also the politics between the villagers.

Screenplay of the film is superb and will keep you engrossed to the screen. Acting is superb be it Smita Patil, Nasir or Amrish Puri. Amrish Puri has again played a negative character here but this character is very different from other negative characters as there is no beating of villain, there is no hardcore action and the villain is still there to stay at the end of the film.

There is only one song in the film and the song is melodious. The climax of the film could've been little more refined but still works well. A good and underrated film to watch.

An inspiring story based on the Milk Cooperative movement Amul in Gujarat. The story here about the various challenges faced in starting a cooperative. How the winning of trust, maintaining integrity and fairness, and true to purpose and values at all times are paramount. Both in winning the respect of the people, the eventual stakeholders who run the co-operative, and in being able to maintain one's sanity at the most challenging times. I'm happy also about how the movie ends in a positive note, how success and equality across caste and gender is still possible in our country

I came to know of this Movie, while watching Ravish Kumar's prime time program, in which he recommended to watch this movie.

These days farmers protest are going on against the 3 farm laws passed by government, hence watching this movie made good relevance. Its an interesting fact that this movie was produced by the same Milk cooperative society referred in the movie.

This movie is simple, with powerful actors and acting, reflects rural life and work culture in India, and showcases and inspires the power of team work and unity for development and growth .

This is currently available on youtube in color version, its worth a watch.