Steven Andreadis

My latest article, "Hunting the Red Bear: Satellite Reconnaissance and the 'Second Offset Strategy' in the Late Cold War" is now published. I use recently declassified documents to detail the role of reconnaissance technologies in the U.S. shift towards more flexible nuclear and conventional targeting postures in the late Cold War. If you are interested, check it out here: https://lnkd.in/e8Q6xJQ4 (If you don't have access and would like a copy, please email me at my GWU address)

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We're thrilled to announce the upcoming panel at https://lnkd.in/eyVj-4JU 2024 organized by Policy Studies Organization, focused on Advancing Readiness for Space Radiobiology! 🗓 Date & Time: 20 September, 10:10 AM – 11:20 AM EDT Hosted by the #AMSRomaSapienzaGroup, this session will dive into groundbreaking research, insights, and future challenges in space radiation and shielding technologies. Here's a glimpse of the agenda: 🔹 Overview of the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) Experiments on the ISS  Presented by Alessandro Bartoloni**, highlighting the critical contributions of AMS to space research. 🔹 AMS Roma Sapienza Group: Current Research and Activities  Also by Alessandro Bartoloni**, covering the latest advancements in space radiobiology. 🔹 Monte Carlo Method Codes for Space Radiation and Shielding Design**   Dr. Augusto Di Chicco will showcase the reliability of MC codes, including a Lunar Regolith Simulation case study. 🔹 Ontology for Space Radiobiology: Insights from NASA's RBO Project   Dan Berrios will discuss the future of ontologies in space radiobiology and their impact on ongoing research. The session will conclude with a Roundtable Discussion and Q&A, offering an open forum for exploring collaboration opportunities and addressing key challenges. Don’t miss this chance to hear from some of the leading minds in space science! #SpaceRadiobiology #SpaceResearch #AMSExperiments #Space2024 #MonteCarloMethod #Ontologies #NASA #INFN

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New H-Diplo Review of this special JCWS issue: Paul R. Josephson, ed. “Atoms for Peace, Nuclear Technology, and the Cold War.” _Journal of Cold War Studies_ 25:3 (2023): 6-141. Review by Lisa Langdon Koch, Claremont McKenna College During the early years of the nuclear age, the potential for civil nuclear energy to revolutionize society inspired scientists, industrialists, and country leaders to make bold investments in research and development. Visions of a golden era of atomic discovery and prosperity shaped not only national cultures and state interests, but also foreign policies and international politics. Nuclear programs require resources: funds, certainly, but also knowledge, trained personnel, and materials. Some countries were better equipped than others to invest in such expensive projects, and the handful of leading nuclear nations had the means to offer assistance to nuclear aspirants. That assistance came with strings attached. Alliance politics and the battle for hearts and minds in these early years of the Cold War affected decisions about whether and how to share nuclear knowledge and technology with foreign governments and firms. At the same time, keeping civilian nuclear energy separate from the development of nuclear weapons was a significant concern. A strict regime of nuclear secrecy that was established by the Atomic Energy Act of 1946 aimed to control and protect the nuclear knowledge generated in the United States. Early efforts at international nuclear arms control had already been made, and had already failed.[1] The Atoms for Peace program, which is the theme of this special edition of the _Journal of Cold War Studies_, disrupted the existing order. President Dwight D. Eisenhower’s December 1953 speech to the United Nations, a speech in which he first invoked the horrors of nuclear war and then proposed the formation of an international atomic energy agency to safely promote peaceful uses of the atom, not only marked the beginning of a new American effort to share nuclear knowledge and technology, but also led to a similar response from the Soviet Union...

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Let’s talk about #AI and #statistics! I’ll be there, will you join me?

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This man has a crystal ball. Five days before we get hit with an epic rainstorm that took out roadways and parks, Richard Murdocco wrote a letter to the editor of Newsday calling on policy-makers to prepare for storms, not just hurricanes and blizzards but events like the one we experienced last night. I have frequently called on Richard for his expertise to comment on Long Island planning issues for articles I have written and I hope to be able to do some in the near future. #news #reporting #policy #longisland #publicpolicy #ccommunications #planning

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Join us for a webinar on 8/28/24 at 2 PM EDT (-04:00 UTC). During this event, our speakers will introduce NASA's Commercial SmallSat Data Acquisition (CSDA) program, and provide updates on the CSDA program's progress and activities. This will include information on changes in program management, updates to the data evaluation process, the status of existing contracts with data providers, and the status of on-ramps for potential commercial data sources. Additionally, CSDA representatives will discuss end-user licensing agreements, data availability and access, and address questions from webinar attendees. For more information and to register: https://lnkd.in/eJYbVwQB Images: Examples of commercial data distributed by NASA's CSDA. Top image: Iturralde crater in Bolivia (Inner Ring 8 km, Outer Ring 17 km​) from 4 m PlanetDEM 2022 data​; Middle image: Planet stereo elevation retrieval and ICESat-2 tracks for the Pantasma crater in Nicaragua; Bottom Image: 22-day image pair in S. California showing ​agricultural fields and a geothermal plant. ​Includes copyrighted material of Airbus U.S copyright 2020-2021, all rights reserved.

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👉Here's a shoutout to thank the U.S. Department of State for the declassification of thousands of documents from Strobe Talbott's State Department Papers in their Freedom of Information Act Virtual Reading Room - https://lnkd.in/ePFKt8Ww 👉I'm grateful to the National Security Archive George Washington University for submitting the Freedom of Information Act Request that brought the processing and the final release of Talbott’s State Department Papers starting in 2019 under FOIA Case F-2017-13804. 👉Since then, about 4000 documents have been made publicly available in the State Department’s Virtual Reading Room – and the collection is still growing as more evidence is being released on a monthly basis. 👉Here's how to use the FOIA search site: Go to the field "seach terms," type in "Talbott," and you obtain 4464 hits. You can then sort the documents chronologically in ascending or descending order or according to release date - and you have the option to refine your search and to use additional search terms such as "NATO" which bring 1024 hits for instance. You can download each document and save them on your computer to create your own archive. 👉The Talbott papes are unique in the way they shine new light on U.S. foreign policy in the post Cold War era. They give us an opportunity to see pivotal issues through Talbott's lens including NATO enlargement, the relationship between NATO and Russia and Ukraine in the 1990s, the wars in Bosnia and Kosovo, NATO's peacekeeping efforts as well as Talbott's nuclear diplomacy toward India and Pakstian after both countries had tested nuclear weapons in the late 1990s. 👉The Talbott papers are a key source to teach post-Cold War history. They help us to get an archivally informed understanding about the historical origins of Russia's war against Ukraine and the current NATO-Russia confrontation. 👉More posts to come.

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New H-Diplo review of Michael J. Devine's _The Korean War Remembered: Contested Memories of an Unended Conflict_. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2023. https://lnkd.in/erZBYAeM Review by Junhyoung Lee, University of Ulsan In _The Korean War Remembered: Contested Memories of an Unended Conflict_, Michael J. Devine provides a deep exploration into the influence of the Korean War on the interplay between collective memory and national identity. He argues that the states involved—South Korea, North Korea, and the United States—dynamically constructed the memories of this conflict and used them to forge national identities and shape political agendas. Building upon Maurice Halbwachs’s foundational theories on collective memory, Devine posits that these memories are not merely residues of history; instead, he argues that they are actively constructed and continually shaped by prevailing social frameworks and political needs. Halbwachs’s theory emphasizes that collective memory is not a static reflection of the past but a dynamic, evolving narrative that serves contemporary societal functions. This perspective elucidates how nations remember historical events and use those memories to reinforce national identity, legitimize political power, and influence public perception. Devine explores how stakeholders in the United States, South Korea, and North Korea have sculpted their recollections of the Korean War in order to bolster national cohesion and justify current political strategies. For instance, in the United States, portrayals of the Korean War in educational materials and memorials often highlight themes of freedom and heroism as a means of reinforcing a narrative of moral leadership in global affairs. Similarly, in South Korea, the transformation of war memories from tragic to triumphant underscores the country’s resilience and economic ascent. In this way, history is interpreted to align with a narrative of progress and unity that supports contemporary economic and political objectives. Furthermore, Devine’s analysis explores how North Korea uses the Korean War as a tool of state propaganda by emphasizing the regime’s supposed heroic resistance against Western imperialism; this consolidates the regime’s control and justifies its ongoing military posture. Through these examples, Devine illustrates the practical application of Halbwachs’s theories, demonstrating that collective memory is not only a reflection of the past but also a mechanism of influence and control that is continually reshaped to meet the needs of present circumstances. This approach underscores the importance of understanding collective memory not only as a historical curiosity but also as a potent force in shaping social and political dynamics.

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CCP's ongoing territorial aggression extends beyond the well-publicized ones shown here by Ray Powell in CCP's latest fictional mapping of supposed historical claims. How many know that the sea border between CCP China and Japan remains unsettled? Or, that Japan and CCP China, in fact, reached an agreement in 2008 to make a joint effort to extract gas and oil deposits using the equidistant line between Japan and CCP China? An agreement that CCP China unilaterally reneged on 1 year later and then built 18 oil and gas platforms extracting directly over the line, pumping from pools that extend to the Japanese side. (To SCS claimants thinking of joint resource development with CCP, a word to the wise.) EEZs are legally set as 200 nautical miles from a legal baseline. There are not 400 nautical miles between CCP China and Japan, so the vast majority of those cases, everywhere in the world, the parties agree to set the sea border at the equidistant mark from both countries. That is Japan's position. Beijing refuses to accept the equidistant line and, since May 11, 2009, just 2 days before any claims under UNCLOS would expire, has been demanding at UNCLOS/CLCS that its continental shelf be artificially extended to the Okinawa Trough, which sits just 100 km off the west coast of Okinawa, if ever ceded, giving it hundreds of thousands of sq. km of additional territory. If ever achieved, this also feeds the mostly quiet but very much alive fictional narrative, which no less than Xi himself has recently promoted, that "the legal status of Okinawa" as Japan's sovereign territory "is not settled." So, do not be too surprised that unless the attempted territorial thefts underway are not halted, we may well see more dashes in future CCP maps. https://lnkd.in/gp5RS_7m https://lnkd.in/ggEFZhfZ https://lnkd.in/g_Wug5fv

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Echoing James Stocker, my colleague on the 2020-2022 Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) Advisory Committee. Very pleased to see that the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration Office of Government Information Services (OGIS) has provided guidance to the FOIA community about Glomar responses, FOIA-lingo for situations where one's records request is met with a "neither confirm nor deny" (NCND) response by the agency. This is an important step forward. See https://lnkd.in/e4PUEVQY Interested in why the FOIA exemption is known as a Glomar response? Read about Project AZORIAN, the Central Intelligence Agency salvage operation that recovered portions of a sunken Soviet nuclear-armed submarine with a specially designed recovery-vessel known as the Hughes Glomar Explorer. See https://lnkd.in/e4-Pvchd #FOIA #OpenGovernment #OpenRecords #Glomar

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In my latest "#AI Legislative Outlook: Spring 2024 Update," I compare 3 important new federal legislative proposals: * “Promoting U.S. Leadership in Standards Act” (Warner-Blackburn) * “Future of AI Innovation Act” (Cantwell-Young) * “AI Research, Innovation & Accountability Act” (Thune- Klobuchar) I explain how all three measures blend hard-law and soft-law governance techniques to varying degrees. That is, they all push for the continued development of voluntary best practices for AI safety but also envision an expanded role for government in helping to formulate or steer those policies. I discuss the upsides and downsides of this approach to AI governance. https://lnkd.in/dhYui32N #techpolicy #machinelearning #artificialintelligence #softlaw

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New review: Jeremy Pressman on Benjamin V. Allison's, “Beyond the Arc of Crisis: Jimmy Carter and the Arab ‘Radicals,’ 1978–79,” _Cold War History_ 24:1 (2024): 67-86. https://lnkd.in/eGSEYdfj Benjamin Allison’s excellent, thought-provoking article offers renewed opportunities for thinking about perennial questions in US policy in the Middle East. Some of those questions relate to the Cold War and the Arab-Israeli conflict while others transcend the Cold War period and speak to how the US understands regional security in the Middle East. Should the US aim for bilateral or comprehensive Arab-Israeli peace? To what extent is the Arab-Israeli dimension linked to other regional (security) matters? During the Cold War, to what extent was the Arab-Israeli dimension linked to US-Soviet struggles in the region? In his article, Allison addresses relations between the United States and Arab players other than Egypt, which are a less prominent aspect of the Camp David process of the late 1970s. Rather than focusing on any single US-Arab relationship, Allison considers how the US related to two Arab coalitions, the moderates, who tended to be open to relations with the United States and possibly Israel, and the rejectionists, who often embraced Soviet ties and derided possible relations with Israel. He considers these relations in light of regional and global US security concerns. He highlights Arab rejectionism as an important factor affecting US decisionmaking and regional issues. Allison usefully acknowledges the scholarly critique of the term rejectionism, though he sticks with it because, he writes, it embodies how Carter officials themselves saw and talked about many Arab actors (69-70)....

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🔍 Data Brief: A Quantitative Assessment of DoD S&T Publication Collaborations Proud to share insights from our latest analysis by Emelia Probasco and Autumn Toney, examining over 100,000 research papers by DoD-affiliated authors since 2000. The effects of the defense investments in R&D go far beyond what is publicly disclosed; nevertheless, there is still plenty to learn from these authors and their collaboration trends: Approximately 31% of papers include co-authors from non-DoD institutions, with academia being the largest group. Knowledge transfer and sharing of ideas would likely increase with this number. Leading DoD-affiliated research institutions, which manage the majority of basic research funding, are driving innovation across the Army, Navy, and Air Force. It looks like the Air Force is leading both the Army and the Navy here. DoD’s top international collaborators are the EU, UK, Canada, China, and Japan — collaborations with China have declined since 2019. Understanding these patterns enhances our strategic approach to research and development, helps us understanding the forefront of future military advancements. 📖 Download the full report or the one-page key summary here: https://lnkd.in/eYsypRE3

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A great oped today from Owen Daniels and Jack Corrigan of Center for Security and Emerging Technology (CSET). At Deloitte, our research on global trends in AI regulation found that one of the most powerful, but also most overlooked tools for guiding AI was tapping into already-existing outcome-based regulations (Report is here for those who want even more reading! https://lnkd.in/geRSyKqu ). This is a really attractive idea since it doesn't involve new legislation or new rule making and supports outcomes the public already wants, but the question was always, "ok, great. How do you do that?" With this oped, Owen and Jack give a great real-world example of how FAA could use existing outcome-based regulations to shape the development of AI within the organization's sphere. William D Eggers Pankaj Kishnani

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Four veteran senators are calling on Senate Majority Leader Charles Schumer (D-NY) and his AI working group to develop a framework for addressing extreme risks posed by artificial intelligence, “including biological, chemical, cyber, and nuclear threats,” while offering several options for oversight of AI frontier models. “Congress should consider a permanent framework to mitigate extreme risks. This framework should also serve as the basis for international coordination to mitigate extreme risks posed by AI. This letter is an attempt to start a dialogue about the need for such a framework, which would be in addition to, not at the exclusion of, proposals focused on other risks presented by developments in AI,” according to the April 16 letter from Sens. Mitt Romney (R-UT), Jack Reed (D-RI), Jerry Moran (R-KS) and Angus King (I-ME). READ MORE: #artificialintelligence

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These days, it seems like everyone's talking the problems with the US electoral system but no one's doing anything about it. And whoever is in office will affect what will be done about nuclear weapons, Ukraine, Iran, Gaza, climate change, alternative energy, electric vehicles, COVID, vaccines, nuclear weapons, disinformation, artificial intelligence, deepfakes — the list goes on and on. Here are some suggestions. https://lnkd.in/eM9jzB_g #sciencewriting, #sciencecommunication, #journalism, #climatechange, #democracy, #voting, #nuclearweapons, #Oppenheimer, #AI, #policymaking

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This is a horrifying look into the war machine. It terrifies me that the whole idea of peace and nonviolence is sliding away, on the left as well as the right. We desperately need to rebuild the conversation, and I have a proposal to do so, starting with a guided reading and discussion group. Any philanthropists out there interested in kicking in to help get it off the ground? Looking for maybe $30k all up, for curriculum development, audio guides, etc. Read this article and let me know. https://lnkd.in/gMNuya9A

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