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A detailed microstructural and corrosion analysis of magnesium alloy WE43 manufactured by selective laser melting
Additive Manufacturing, 2020
The production of magnesium alloy WE43 was achieved by selective laser melting (SLM). The alloy was investigated after SLM, hot isostatic pressing (HIP), and solutionising heat treatment. The microstructure and corrosion behaviour of the specimens were carefully characterised, whilst assessed and contrast relative to the conventionally cast alloy counterpart. The SLM prepared specimens possess a unique microstructure comprising fine grains growing with a strong [0001] texture along the building direction with a low fraction of process-induced and metallurgical defects, reaching < 0.1 %, after optimising the SLM parameters and the HIP treatment. Electrochemical measurements demonstrated that the SLM prepared WE43 is cathodically more active as compared with i...
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Long-term effects of lifestyle changes on well-being and cardiac variables among coronary heart disease patients.
Health Psychology, 2008
To focus on psychological well-being in the Lifestyle Heart Trial (LHT), an intensive lifestyle intervention including diet, exercise, stress management, and group support that previously demonstrated maintenance of comprehensive lifestyle changes and reversal of coronary artery stenosis at 1 and 5 years.The LHT was a randomized controlled trial using an invitational design. The authors compared psychological distress, anger, hostility, and perceived social support by group (intervention group, n = 28; control group, n = 20) and time (baseline, 1 year, 5 years) and examined the relationships of lifestyle changes to cardiac variables.Reductions in psychological distress and hostility in the experimental group (compared with controls) were observed after 1 yea...
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The Limits to Arbitrage and the Low-Volatility Anomaly
Financial Analysts Journal, 2014
The authors found that over 1963–2010, the existence and trading efficacy of the low-volatility stock anomaly were more limited than widely believed. For example, they found no anomalous returns for equal-weighted long–short (low-risk minus high-risk) portfolios and that alpha is largely eliminated when omitting low-priced stocks from value-weighted long–short portfolios. Furthermore, performance of long–short portfolios was significantly reduced by high transaction costs, reflecting the finding that the abnormal returns were concentrated among low-liquidity and smaller stocks. Amplifying liquidity needs, the anomalous excess returns quickly reversed, requiring frequent rebalancing. The authors’ findings have meaningful implications for implementin...
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New invasion of Bemisia tabaci Mediterranean species in Brazil associated to ornamental plants
Phytoparasitica, 2017
In Brazil, the first major invasion event of Bemisia tabaci was that of Middle East–Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1) species, formerly termed as B biotype, which commenced in the 1990s mainly by ornamental plants in São Paulo State. More than two decades after this invasion, the presence of the Mediterranean (MED) species of B. tabaci, formerly Q biotype, was reported in Rio Grande do Sul, the southernmost State of Brazil, and now in São Paulo and Paraná States, in southeastern Brazil. Specimens of whiteflies collected from commercial begonia, hydrangea, petunia and poinsettia greenhouses in São Paulo, and also from begonias and poinsettias collected in flower shops in Paraná, were all identified as belonging to MED species. Furthermore, the secondary endosymbion...
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Retrieving the research agenda for communication education: Asking the pedagogical questions that are “embarrassments to Theory”
Communication Education, 1993
This essay is an invitation for all communication scholars to retrieve the serious discussions and focused inquiries about teaching that are so much a part of this discipline's heritage. During a period when educational scholars have been discovering that knowledge about effective teaching and learning is highly discipline specific, communication education research has tended to rely on generic educational models. In contrast to instructional communication scholarship that must cut across many fields, communication education research needs to be exceedingly content and context specific. Recognizing the ways that theory and pedagogy mutually inform each other, researchers are urged to target the particular problems of teaching various communication concepts a...
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Cutaneous metastasis: a case series in a single centre
Pathology, 2017
Cutaneous metastasis represents a relatively rare phenomenon in patients with internal malignancy with the reported incidence ranging from 0.7% to 10.4%. Cutaneous tumour metastasis may not only be the first manifestation of occult and unknown primary malignancies but is also a grave prognostic indicator with survival time after diagnosis of three to six months. The detection of skin metastases requires a high index of clinical suspicion and their early recognition allows timely management. We hereby report four cases with cutaneous metastases in a single centre. The first case is a 74-year-old female with breast ductal carcinoma with a single metastatic lesion on the scalp. The second case is a 68-year-old female with metastatic serous carcinoma who present...
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An Approach for the Real-Time Quantification of Cytosolic Protein–Protein Interactions in Living Cells
ACS Sens., 2021
In recent years, cell-based assays have been frequently used in molecular interaction analysis. Cell-based assays complement traditional biochemical and biophysical methods, as they allow for molecular interaction analysis, mode of action studies and even drug screening processes to be performed under physiologically relevant conditions. In most cellular assays, biomolecules are usually labeled to achieve specificity. In order to overcome some of the drawbacks associated with label-based assays, we have recently introduced cell-based molography as a biosensor for the analysis of specific molecular interactions involving native membrane receptors in living cells. Here, we expand this assay to cytosolic protein-protein interactions. First, we created a biomime...
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Handicap, compassion et soin
alterjdr, 2016
Depuis un demi-siècle, un nombre croissant de travaux paléopathologiques prétendent fournir des indices empiriques en faveur de l’existence d’attitudes de soin et de compassion envers des personnes handicapées au sein des sociétés préhistoriques. Mais cette prétention soulève d’importantes questions, non seulement au sein des disciplines de la préhistoire, mais aussi dans le champ des disability studies où toute interprétation compassionnelle du soin fait l’objet d’importantes critiques. Après avoir introduit à la paléopathologie et à deux études de cas qui font figure de référence dans la littérature, l’article présente, plus largement, les principaux enjeux des débats que l’interprétation des données paléopathologique...
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The interactions of phenytoin and its binding site in DI‐S6 segment of Na+channel voltage‐gated peptide by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modeling study
The Journal of Peptide Research, 2005
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of a model peptide (BL-DIS6), in the presence of anticonvulsant diphenyl drug, phenytoin (DPH), were measured to obtain the interactions between the selected drug and the model peptide. BL-DIS6's sequence corresponds to the S6 segment in domain I of rat brain type IIA Na+-channel. NMR studies have demonstrated that the magnitude of the chemical shifts of amide- and alpha-protons can be used as a measurement of the complex stability and binding site of the peptide. Our NMR results propose a 3(10)-helical structure for BL-DIS6, and suggest a binding cavity for DPH that involves the hydrophobic particles of residues Ans-7, Leu-8, Val-11, and Val-12. Furthermore, molecular modeling was performed to provide a possible comp...
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Presynaptic GABAB-and γ-hydroxybutyric acid-mediated mechanisms in generalized absence seizures
Neuropharmacology, 1996
γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is a naturally occurring compound which has the ability to induce generalized absence seizures when given to animals. This effect of GHB may be blocked by either GHB or GABAB receptor antagonists. We sought to test the hypothesis that pre-synaptic GHB- and GABAB-mediated mechanisms in thalamus and cortex are operative in the GHB model of generalized absence seizures. Presynaptic Ca2+-dependent K+ efflux was determined using Ca2+-stimulated Rb86 efflux in synaptosomes prepared from thalamus and cortex in the presence of GHB, a specific GHB receptor antagonist, the specific GABAB agonist (−)baclofen, or the specific GABAB antagonists, phaclofen and CGP 35348. The effect of these compounds was determined also on basal and K+-stimu...
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Investigation on thickness and annealing effects on physical properties and electrical circuit model of CuO sprayed thin films
Superlattices and Microstructures, 2020
In this current work, copper oxide thin films (CuO) were deposed on glass substrates by spray pyrolysis technique. Structural, optical and electrical properties were optimized and improved by varying the film thickness and the annealing temperature. The film thickness was estimated by using the weight difference method. X-ray diffraction patterns showed that all the films were polycrystalline with monoclinic structure and with two main peaks. (1̅11) and (111). The best crystallinity was obtained for a thickness equal to 2270 nm. Optical analysis revealed that CuO thin films have a low transmittance in the visible range indicating a high absorbance. The optical band gap value for CuO thin films decreased from 1.63 eV to 1.52 eV as the thickness increases fro...
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Rapid Development and Optimization of Tablet Manufacturing Using Statistical Tools
AAPS PharmSciTech, 2008
The purpose of this paper was to develop a statistical methodology to optimize tablet manufacturing considering drug chemical and physical properties applying a crossed experimental design. The assessed model drug was dried ferrous sulphate and the variables were the hardness and the relative proportions of three excipients, binder, filler and disintegrant. Granule properties were modeled as a function of excipient proportions and tablet parameters were defined by the excipient proportion and hardness. The desirability function was applied to achieve optimal values for excipient proportions and hardness. In conclusion, crossed experimental design using hardness as the only process variable is an efficient strategy to quickly determine the optimal design proc...
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Serrated Polyps and Colorectal Cancer: New Pathway to Malignancy
Annu. Rev. Pathol. Mech. Dis., 2009
Until recently, two major forms of colorectal epithelial polyp were recognized: the adenoma and the hyperplastic polyp. Adenomas were perceived to represent the precursor to colorectal cancer, whereas hyperplastic polyps were viewed as innocuous lesions with no potential for progression to malignancy. We now recognize, however, that the lesions formerly classified as hyperplastic actually represent a heterogeneous group of polyps, some of which have a significant risk for neoplastic transformation. These serrated polyps include not only hyperplastic polyps but also traditional serrated adenomas and sessile serrated adenomas. These polyps demonstrate characteristic molecular alterations not commonly seen in colorectal adenomas, and they probably progress to c...
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Monthly profile analysis based on a two-axis solar tracker proposal for photovoltaic panels
Renewable Energy, 2018
The concerns due to pollution and depletion of traditional energy sources and increasing consumption motivates the use of renewable energies. Photovoltaic energy presents advantages like low cost for maintenance, installation in remote locations, besides not generating environment impacts during operation. However, the cost of photovoltaic energy sources is greater than traditional ones due to, among other reasons, irradiation losses. The objective of this work is the development of a two-axis solar tracker and performance evaluation of a solar panel, compared to a fixed system. The tracker uses LDRs to identify sun movement direction and engines adjust the panel position, according to the control performed by an electronic device. Each system is composed by...
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Breast cancer resistance protein regulates apical ectoplasmic specialization dynamics stage specifically in the rat testis
American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2013
Drug transporters determine the bioavailability of drugs in the testis behind the blood-testis barrier (BTB). Thus, they are crucial for male contraceptive development if these drugs (e.g., adjudin) exert their effects behind the BTB. Herein breast cancer resistance protein (Bcrp), an efflux drug transporter, was found to be expressed by both Sertoli and germ cells. Interestingly, Bcrp was not a component of the Sertoli cell BTB. Instead, it was highly expressed by peritubular myoid cells at the tunica propria and also endothelial cells of the microvessels in the interstitium at all stages of the epithelial cycle. Unexpectedly, Bcrp was found to be expressed at the Sertoli-step 18-19 spermatid interface but limited to stage VI-early VIII tubules, and an inte...
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Rituximab for Multirelapsing, Steroid-Dependent or Steroid-Resistant, Minimal-Change Nephropathy – a Report of Nine Adult Cases
Nephrology Research & Reviews, 2010
Minimal-change nephropathy (MCN) accounts for 10–15% of cases of the nephrotic syndrome in adults. Frequent relapses occur in 10–25% of cases and steroid dependence is seen in 25–30%. Rituximab is a chimeric mono-clonal antibody directed against CD20-positive B-cells with reported benefit in immune-mediated renal disease. We present six female and three male patients, ranging from 27–70 years of age, with multirelapsing, steroid-dependant or steroid-resistant MCN, with previous multiple courses of corticosteroids (CS) and second-line therapies. Five patients were steroid dependant with the lowest daily CS dose between 5–20 mg/day. All patients were given two doses of rituximab, each a flat dose of 500 mg except for one case who received a dose of 1...
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GM‐CSF therapy inhibits chronic graft‐versus‐host disease via expansion of regulatory T cells
Eur J Immunol, 2018
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) attenuate excessive immune responses, making their expansion beneficial in immune-mediated diseases, including allogeneic bone marrow transplantation associated with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). In addition to interleukin-2, Tregs require T-cell receptor and costimulatory signals from antigen-presenting cells, such as DCs, for their optimal proliferation. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) increases DC number and may promote DC-dependent Treg proliferation. Here, we demonstrate that GM-CSF treatment increases CD4+ CD8- DCs, which are associated with Treg expansion. In a mouse model of chronic GVHD (cGVHD), GM-CSF therapy expanded Tregs, protected against the development of skin GVHD, and regulated both T...
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Quantification of cow milk adulteration in goat milk using high‐performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry, 2004
A method was developed for the quantification of cow milk adulteration in goat milk, based on solvent separation of whey proteins followed by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-MS). The presence of cow milk was determined using β-lactoglobulin whey protein as the molecular marker. The adulterants were identified using both retention time and molecular mass derived from multiply charged molecular ions. Standard solutions containing cow and goat milk in different volume ratios were prepared and analyzed. Good linearity covering cow milk content from 5% and above was obtained. The proposed method identifies the adulterants using accurate molecular masses for protein identification and detects the add...
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Effect of multiple injections of botulinum toxin into painful masticatory muscles on bone density in the temporomandibular complex
J of Oral Rehabilitation, 2020
Adverse effects of masticatory muscle injections of Botulinum Toxin (Btx) have been noted in animal and, less dramatically, human studies.Among women treated in multiple community-based private practices, to compare TMJ bone density and mandibular condylar volume between patients with myofascial TMJD receiving multiple masticatory muscle Btx treatments and similarly diagnosed women not receiving such treatment.Cohorts consisted of women whose treatment charts indicated a diagnosis of myofascial TMJD: 35 received at least 2 Btx treatment cycles; 44 received none. Bone density at pre-specified regions of interest (ROI) was defined by grey scale values from Cone Beam CT, adjusting for a fixed density phantom included in each scan. Mean bone density and mandibul...
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Performance of a 41×41‐cm amorphous silicon flat panel x‐ray detector for radiographic imaging applications
Medical Physics, 2000
We report the performance of a 41 X 41-cm2 amorphous silicon-based flat panel detector designed for radiographic imaging applications. The detector consists of an array of photodiodes and thin film transistor switches on a 0.2-mm pitch with an overlying thallium-doped cesium iodide scintillator. The performance of the detector was evaluated through measurement of the frequency-dependent detective quantum efficiency [DQE(f)]. Measurements of the characteristic curve and modulation transfer function (MTF) are also reported. All measurements were made in a radiographic imaging mode with a readout time of 125 ms. We evaluated a total of 15 detectors. One detector was characterized at a range of exposures and at three different electronic gain settings. Measureme...
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NMR determination of the bond lengths in C60
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNMR determination of the bond lengths in C60C. S. Yannoni, P. P. Bernier, D. S. Bethune, G. Meijer, and J. R. SalemCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 8, 3190–3192Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1991Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1991https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ja00008a068https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00008a068research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle Views1191Altmetric-Citations380LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days....
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Benthic macroinvertebrates as indicators of biological condition below hydropower dams on west slope Sierra Nevada streams, California, USA
River Research & Apps, 2008
Over 50 hydropower dams in California will undergo relicensing by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) in the next 15 years. An interpretive framework for biological data collected by relicensing studies is lacking. This study developed a multi-metric index of biotic integrity (IBI) to assess biological condition below hydropower diversion dams on west slope Sierra Nevada streams based on benthic macroinvertebrates (BMIs). Ten streams were sampled above the upstream influence of peak reservoir storage and at five downstream sites sequentially spaced 500 m apart. Reference conditions were defined by screening upstream study sites and 77 other regional streams using quantitative GIS land use analysis, reach-scale physical habitat (PHAB) data and wat...
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Black esophagus: the only clue
Forensic Sci Med Pathol, 2011
I read with great interest the article by Tsokos on black esophagus [1]. The author describes a case of acute esophageal necrosis (AEN) in a previously healthy 64-year-old man who he believes succumbed to hemorrhagic shock caused by black esophagus and duodenal ulcerations. Although AEN can initially present with gastrointestinal bleeding and is associated with high mortality (around 30%) from underlying medical conditions, death secondary to esophageal disease (perforation, mediastinitis, and esophageal infection in an immunocompromised individual) is seen in less than 6% of patients [2]. The finding of an isolated black esophagus in a healthy patient without the above pathological findings raises the question of whether AEN was only a clue to another catas...
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Formation of micronuclei in incubated hen's eggs as a measure of genotoxicity
Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 1997
The formation of micronuclei (MN) is a widely used and accepted endpoint of genotoxicity testing. The micronucleus assay provides a simple and rapid indirect measure of the induction of structural or numerical chromosome aberrations. In this work we describe hen's eggs, incubated for 11 days, as ex vivo assay system for the detection of micronucleus formation in young erythrocytes (Hen's Egg Test for Micronucleus Induction, HET-MN). At this stage of development the chick embryo presents a high metabolic competency which allows an adequate activation of several types of promutagens, as previously reported by several authors. As all stages of maturing erythrocytes are present in the bloodstream of the chick embryo, we could conveniently use samples of peripher...
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In vitro evaluation of a multi-layer radial-flow bioreactor based on galactosylated chitosan nanofiber scaffolds
Biomaterials, 2009
Clinical use of bioartificial livers (BAL) strongly relies on the development of bioreactors. In this study, we developed a multi-layer radial-flow bioreactor based on galactosylated chitosan nanofiber scaffolds and evaluated its efficacy in vitro. The bioreactor contains 65 layers of stacked flat plates, on which the nanofiber scaffolds were electrospinned for hepatocyte immobilization and aggregation. Culture medium containing pig red blood cells (RBCs) was perfused from the center to periphery, so that exchange materials are sufficient to afford enough oxygen. We determined the parameters for hepatocyte-specific function and general metabolism and also measured the oxygen consumption rate (OCR). Microscope and scanned electron microscopy observation showe...
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New contingent sequential screening model for Down syndrome based on the combined test associated with modified genetic sonography
The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 2013
The aim of this study is to evaluate the possibility of implementing a contingent sequential screening test for Down syndrome (DS) based on the combined test (CT) associated with modified genetic sonography (MGS). We evaluate sensitivity (Sen), false positive rate (FPR), and economic costs.We compiled data from the results of a prospective screening programme for DS during a 5-year study period (July 2005-December 2011). Pregnancies were offered the CT as the first step in the contingent sequential test. We identified an intermediate risk group (1/101-1/1000) using CT results, and offered these individuals a MGS (major malformation and nuchal fold).A total of 19 440 pregnancies (103 chromosome abnormalities and 66 cases of DS) were administered the CT. We pe...
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Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage
Journal of Management, 1991
Understanding sources of sustained competitive advantage has become a major area of research in strategic management. Building on the assumptions that strategic resources are heterogeneously distributed acrossfirms and that these differences are stable over time, this article examines the link betweenfirm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Four empirical indicators of the potential of firm resources to generate sustained competitive advantage-value, rareness, imitability, and substitutability-are discussed. The model is applied by analyzing the potential of severalfirm resourcesfor generating sustained competitive advantages. The article concludes by examining implications of this firm resource model of sustained competitive advantage for other b...
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Yellow nail syndrome: not a genetic disorder? Eleven new cases and a review of the literature
Br J Dermatol, 2007
Background Yellow nail syndrome (YNS) is characterized by the triad of characteristic nail changes, chronic respiratory disorders and primary lymphoedema. Over 100 cases have been published, most of which have been sporadic. Despite this, YNS is classified as a dominantly inherited lymphoedema with variable expression. There have been only a few published reports where a positive family history (FH) has been documented in cases of YNS. Objectives To conduct a retrospective survey investigating the genetic basis of YNS. Methods The notes of 11 patients diagnosed with YNS were examined for documentation of a positive FH, and in addition a postal questionnaire was sent to these patients. Results Only one of the 11 patients had a relevant FH. In addition, four p...
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Combined Carbon Monoxide and Cyanide Poisoning
Anesthesia & Analgesia, 1995
During fires, victims can inhale significant carbon monoxide (CO) and cyanide (CN) gases, which may cause synergistic toxicity in humans.Oxygen therapy is the specific treatment for CO poisoning, but the treatment of CN toxicity is controversial. To examine the indication for treatment of CN toxicity, we have established a canine model to delineate the natural history of combined CO and CN poisoning. In seven dogs (24 +/- 3 kg), CO gas (201 +/- 43 mL) was administered by closed-circuit inhalation. Then, potassium CN was intravenously (IV) infused (0.072 mg centered dot kg-1 centered dot min-1) for 17.5 +/- 3.0 min. Cardiorespiratory measurements were conducted before and after these toxic challenges. Despite significant CO poisoning (peak carboxyhemoglobin f...
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The effect of the digestible undegradable protein concentration of concentrates and protein source offered to ewes in late pregnancy on colostrum production and lamb performance
Animal Feed Science and Technology, 1999
Abstract An experiment was carried out to determine the effect of level of digestible undegradable protein (DUP) concentration and source of protein offered to ewes in late pregnancy on subsequent colostrum production and lamb performance. Ninety-one twin-bearing ewes of mixed breeds were offered grass silage and one of six concentrate treatments for a period of 6 weeks prior to lambing. The concentrates were formulated to provide increasing levels of DUP from approximately 13–65 g DUP/kg DM. The DUP was supplied in the form of xylose-treated soyabean (soypass) or fishmeal. Silage was offered at a constant rate of approximately 0.5 kg dry matter per day. Protein source and DUP concentration of the concentrate had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on ewe...
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Three‐dimensional structure of the α‐MSH‐derived candidacidal peptide [Ac‐CKPV]2
The Journal of Peptide Research, 2005
Abstract: Previous research has shown that the immunomodulatory peptide α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and its carboxy-terminal tripeptide KPV (Lys-Pro-Val α-MSH11−13) have antimicrobial influences. By inserting a Cys-Cys linker between two units of KPV, we designed the dimer [Ac-CKPV]2 that showed excellent candidacidal effects in pilot tests and was the subject of further investigations. [Ac-CKPV]2 was active against azole-resistant Candida spp. Therefore, the molecule appeared a promising candidate for therapy of fungal infections and was the subject of a structural study. 1H-NMR and restrained mechanic and dynamic calculations suggest that the peptide adopts an extended backbone structure with a β-turn-like structure. These results open a...
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Interference of H2O2 with stimulus‐secretion coupling in mouse pancreatic β‐cells
The Journal of Physiology, 1999
1. We have reported previously that in mouse pancreatic beta-cells H2O2 hyperpolarizes the membrane and increases the ATP-sensitive K+ current recorded in the perforated patch configuration of the patch-clamp technique. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. 2. The intracellular ATP concentration measured by chemoluminescence was reduced by H2O2. The ADP concentration increased in parallel during the first 10 min, resulting in a pronounced decrease in the ATP/ADP ratio. 3. Consistent with these results, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from isolated islets was inhibited by H2O2. 4. Membrane hyperpolarization measured with intracellular microelectrodes in intact islets and inhibition of insulin secretion were counteracted...
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Effects of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 inhibition on hepatic glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2013
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of prolonged 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 (11β-HSD1) inhibition on basal and hormone-stimulated glucose metabolism in fasted conscious dogs. For 7 days prior to study, either an 11β-HSD1 inhibitor (HSD1-I; n = 6) or placebo (PBO; n = 6) was administered. After the basal period, a 4-h metabolic challenge followed, where glucagon (3×-basal), epinephrine (5×-basal), and insulin (2×-basal) concentrations were increased. Hepatic glucose fluxes did not differ between groups during the basal period. In response to the metabolic challenge, hepatic glucose production was stimulated in PBO, resulting in hyperglycemia such that exogenous glucose was required in HSD-I ( P < 0.05) to match the glycemia betw...
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Impact of caveolin-1 expression on prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Br J Cancer, 2002
Caveolin-1 is a major component of caveolae and plays a regulatory role in several signalling pathways. Caveolin-1 was recently identified as a metastasis-related gene in prostate cancer. The clinical effects of caveolin-1 expression in pancreatic carcinoma, however, remain unknown. In this study, we have investigated the relationship between caveolin-1 expression and the clinicopathologic variables and clinical outcome in 79 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma undergoing surgical resection. Caveolin-1 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry, using a polyclonal anti-caveolin-1 antibody. Patients were divided into two groups based on the extent of caveolin-1 expression: a negative expression group (immunoreactivity in less than 50% of cells) and...
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A hypnotic paradigm for studying intrusive memories
Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 2010
Despite the importance of intrusive memories in clinical disorders, research has been limited by a dearth of paradigms that permit experimental study of intrusions. This study describes a hypnotic paradigm for eliciting intrusive memories. Forty-nine highly hypnotisable participants nominated a distressing memory prior to being hypnotised. During hypnosis, they received the suggestion that they would remember the memory in response to a designated cue after the hypnosis session. Half of the participants also received a posthypnotic amnesia suggestion for the source of the memory. Following hypnosis, all participants completed a cognitive task and during the task received the cue to recall the memory. Results demonstrated that memories experienced after posth...
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Structural analysis of sulindac as an inhibitor of aldose reductase and AKR1B10
Chemico-Biological Interactions, 2015
Aldose reductase (AR, AKR1B1) and AKR1B10 are enzymes implicated in important pathologies (diabetes and cancer) and therefore they have been proposed as suitable targets for drug development. Sulindac is the metabolic precursor of the potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) sulindac sulfide, which suppresses prostaglandin production by inhibition of cyclooxygenases (COX). In addition, sulindac has been found to be one of the NSAIDs with higher antitumoral activity, presumably through COX inhibition. However, sulindac anticancer activity could be partially mediated through COX-independent mechanisms, including the participation of AR and AKR1B10. Previously, it had been shown that sulindac and sulindac sulfone were good AR inhibitors and the struc...
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Repeated measurements of mood during psychologic treatment of dental fear
Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 1997
The aims of the present study were to analyze mood changes during psychologic treatment of dental fear by assessing the rate of improvement. Twenty-one patients who refused conventional dental treatment and reported extreme dental anxiety participated in the study. Levels of dental anxiety and mood were measured with the Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) and a Mood Adjective Checklist (MACL). MACL included two dimensions, degree of relaxation (r) and pleasantness (h) as experienced in a dental situation. Mood was monitored at each treatment session from base line to termination of the therapy (eight measurements). Two different treatment modalities were used, one with a more cognitive approach (n = 9) and one emphasizing the relaxation component (n = 12). A hierarc...
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Multivariate Analysis of Water Quality Data for Drinking Water Supply Systems
Water, 2021
Vulnerability of drinking water supply systems (DWSSs) depends on different factors such as failures, loss of security, man-made threats, and the change and deterioration of supply-water quality. Currently, the lifespan of several DWSSs worldwide has been exceeded, exasperating these issues. The monitoring activity and the transparency of information on water availability and quality are becoming increasingly important in accordance with the national regulations and standards, and with guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO). These activities can be considered as support and guidance tools for identifying health-related risks, for building a safe management of drinking water supply systems, and for improved user confidence in the consumption of tap...
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Syndrome or difference: a critical review of medical conceptualisations of Asperger’s syndrome
Disability & Society, 2011
We live in a world of vast social differences. People of different ages, cultures, religions, gender and sexual orientation have, and indeed are expected to have, distinct differences in their behaviour, and in the way that they see the world. Asperger’s syndrome (AS) is no different. People with AS have different personality types and have different perceptions of the world. Yet medical conceptualisations of AS have led to it being viewed as a deficit, a ‘pervasive developmental disorder’ that should be diagnosed and treated to allow the person to function in ‘normal’ society. Research has focused on finding neurological and genetic ‘abnormalities’ to explain what is in fact a complex pattern of behaviour, no different from the behavioural dif...
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785 nm Raman Spectroscopy of CVD Diamond Films
MRS Proc., 2007
Abstract Raman spectroscopy is a powerful technique often used to study CVD diamond films, however, very little work has been reported for the Raman study of CVD diamond films using near infrared (785 nm) excitation. Here, we report that when using 785 nm excitation, the Raman spectra from thin polycrystalline diamond films exhibit a multitude of peaks (over 30) ranging from 400-3000 cm −1 . These features are too sharp to be photoluminescence, and are a function of film thickness. For films >30 μm thick, freestanding films, and for films grown in diamond substrates the Raman peaks disappear, suggesting that the laser is probing the disordered small-grained interface between the diamond and substrate. Some of the peaks change in relative intensity with...
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Lactate‐fueled oxidative metabolism drives DNA methyltransferase 1‐mediated transcriptional co‐activator with PDZ binding domain protein activation
Cancer Science, 2019
Activity of transcriptional co-activator with PDZ binding domain (TAZ) protein is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of human cancer and is influenced by tumor metabolism. High levels of lactate concentration in the tumor microenvironment as a result of metabolic reprogramming are inversely correlated with patient overall survival. Herein, we investigated the role of lactate in the regulation of the activity of TAZ and showed that glycolysis-derived lactate efficiently increased TAZ expression and activity in lung cancer cells. We showed that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by lactate-fueled oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in mitochondria activated AKT and thereby inhibited glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta/beta-transducin repeat-containing...
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An Observational Analysis of Twin Births, Calf Sex Ratio, and Calf Mortality in Holstein Dairy Cattle
Journal of Dairy Science, 2007
A data set of Holstein calving records from January 1996 to September 2004 comprising 4,103 herds with 2,304,278 calving events representing 1,164,233 cows and 96,069 twin births was extracted from Minnesota Dairy Herd Improvement Association archives to assess reported twinning trends and calf mortality across time. Overall, the reported twinning rate was 4.2%, and twinning increased with parity [1.2% for nulliparous vs. 5.8% for multiparous cows; odds ratio (OR) = 4.9], and with time (3.4% in 1996 to 4.8% in 2004), with a parity by time interaction. Independent of parity, the greatest twinning rate was observed when conception occurred from August to October compared with other seasons (OR = 1.2). Calf mortality was greater after twin births, with 28.2% of...
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Concentrating solar power in a sustainable future electricity mix
Sustain Sci, 2013
The capacity of a concentrating solar thermal power (CSP) plant can be considered flexible and firm, just like that of a conventional steam cycle power station. Periods without sunshine can be bridged by thermal energy storage or fuel, enabling a CSP plant to deliver power on demand at any time. To this technical quality is added the economic quality of electricity costs that will be stable for a lifetime because they are mainly composed of capital costs, spare parts and personnel. CSP is competitive with power from fuel oil and moving to break even in costs with natural gas by around 2020 and steam coal by around 2025. Carbon dioxide emissions of 10–40 tons/GWh, land use of 250–550 m²/GWh and water consumption of 250 m³/GWh (using dry cooling) compare...
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Influence of duty cycle on the microstructure and microhardness of pulse electrodeposited Ni–CeO2 nanocomposite coating
Materials Research Bulletin, 2012
The Ni–CeO2 nanocomposite coatings have been synthesized by pulse electrodeposition technique with different duty cycles (6, 9 and 17%) from a Watts-type electrolyte containing nano-sized CeO2 particles. The XRD results show that the (2 0 0) orientation is dominant over (1 1 1) orientation in the Ni–CeO2 nanocomposite coatings prepared with 6 and 17% duty cycles, while the opposite is true for the sample prepared with 9% duty cycle. The maximum amount of CeO2 (10 wt%) incorporation in the coating occurs at 9% duty cycle. The crystallite size changes from micrometer to nanometer as the duty cycle changes from 6 to 9%. The hardness increases as the duty cycle increases from 6 to 17%. However, a coating with optimum smoothness and small number of microcrack...
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Experimental Stress Separation Technique Using Thermoelasticity and Photoelasticity and Its Application to Fracture Mechanics
JSME Int. J., Ser. A, 2004
This paper describes an experimental study on full-field stress separation from thermoelasticity and photoelasticity measurements and its application to estimation of stress intensity factor and the J-integral. Thermoelastic stress analysis (TSA) and photoelastic stress analysis (PSA) have been developed as full-field visualization methods of stress distribution. Only the sum of the principal stresses can be measured by TSA, while only the difference of the principal stresses can be measured by PSA. In this study, the hybrid stress separation measurement technique developed by the present authors using both of these methods was applied for determining distribution of all individual stress components in a center-cracked plate subjected to mechanical load. Str...
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Effect of two aspirin pretreatment regimens on niacin-induced cutaneous reactions
J Gen Intern Med, 1997
To compare the effects of pretreatment with two aspirin regimens and placebo on niacin-induced cutaneous reactions.Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study.Internal medicine clinic in an academic health center.Forty-two healthy subjects (22 males and 20 females) between the ages of 35 and 65 (mean age 44.2 years) were recruited and completed the study. Subjects received aspirin 325 mg, aspirin 650 mg, and placebo for 4 consecutive days, and on the fourth day also ingested 500 mg of immediate-release niacin 30 minutes after taking aspirin or placebo. They reported the intensity of flushing, headache, pruritus, tingling, and warmth on a 10-cm visual analogue scale. Reactions were evaluated at time 0 (before the niacin dose), and at 15, 30,...
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Parasympathetic Effects on Heart Rate Recovery after Exercise
J Investig Med, 2004
Exercise and its recovery period are associated with increased risk of death relative to sedentary periods. They are also accompanied by dynamic changes in autonomic tone. Little information is available regarding parasympathetic effects during high-intensity exercise and recovery.Ten normal subjects (five women; age 33 +/- 2 years) underwent exercise testing on a bicycle ergometer. On day 1, subjects exercised to maximum tolerated workload using a graded protocol with 5 minutes at maximal workload (peak heart rate achieved 174.7 +/- 5.4 bpm). On day 2, subjects performed the identical exercise protocol as on day 1; 1 minute into the maximum exercise stage, atropine (0.04 mg/kg) was administered. Heart rate was recorded every minute during exercise, and an e...
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Chemical vapor deposition of large area few layer graphene on Si catalyzed with nickel films
Thin Solid Films, 2010
We present the results of a systematic study of chemical vapor deposition of graphene on silicon substrates. The silicon substrate is covered with SiO2 and capped with an electron-beam evaporator deposited nickel film, which serves as the catalyst for carbon precursor decomposition. Methane is used as the carbon precursor. Three key parameters of CVD growths, the growth temperature, time, and the post-growth cooling rate are studied and the optimized combination of the three allowed for the reproducible fabrication of single layer graphene of larger than 100 μm2 covering more than 50% of the surface of 1-in. diameter Si wafers. We further demonstrate the transfer of CVD graphene onto SiO2/Si surfaces with higher than 95% success rate. Our result together wi...
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Preparation of a new tungsten(V) phosphate and its polymorph
Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 1988
Under reducing conditions, WOPO4 crystallizes with a monoclinic cell of a = 11.172(8), b = 5.217(1), c = 6.543(2), Å, and β = 90.34(4)°. It is the second member of the monophosphate tungsten bronzes, (PO2)4(WO3)2m. A tetragonal form of this compound was prepared at 900°C and 6 GPa using the monoclinic form as a starting material; lattice constants are a = 6.250(1) and c = 4.066(1), Å. The volume reduction on transformation is 16.7%. Both forms of WOPO4 are paramagnetic in the temperature range 80 to 500 K, having effective magnetic moments of 1.6 μb for the monoclinic form and 1.5 μB for the tetragonal form. Electric resistivity of the monoclinic form measured on pressed pellet was 0.11 Ω m at room temperature with an activation energy of 8.6 × 10...
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Structure–function studies of the functional and binding epitope of the human 37 kDa laminin receptor precursor protein
The Journal of Peptide Research, 2005
Abstract: Expression of the 37 kDa laminin receptor precursor protein (37LRP) correlates directly with increased invasiveness and the metastatic potential of tumors. The 37LRP matures to a 67 kDa protein which facilitates the binding of cancer cells to basement membranes. The palindrome peptide sequence LMWWML, corresponding to the 173–178-residue stretch of the human 37LRP sequence, has been identified as the laminin-1-binding site. Peptides from 37LRP of species that contain this palindrome-bind laminin-1 with high affinity. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) conformational studies have been undertaken on a synthetic 15-residue peptide (KGAHSVGLMWWMLAR) containing the palindrome to establish the structural basis of this activity. To further correlate the s...
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Yield states and stress–strain relationships in a natural plastic clay
Can. Geotech. J., 1983
Natural clays are commonly anisotropic due to their mode of deposition, and lightly overconsolidated because of a variety of subsequent geological processes. They exhibit marked changes in stiffness when they yield. Yield stresses from individual tests can be generalized into a yield surface for the clay if displacements during loading are taken into account by calculating specific volumes V = (1 + e) throughout the tests.This paper describes tests on 76 mm diameter triaxial samples of natural plastic Lake Agassiz clay from Winnipeg. The samples were carefully trimmed, reconsolidated to approximately their in-situ stresses, and loaded in stress controlled tests along various stress paths in p′,q stress space.The tests produced well-defined yield envelopes ...
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Can sustained arousal explain the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome?
Behav Brain Funct, 2009
We present an integrative model of disease mechanisms in the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), unifying empirical findings from different research traditions. Based upon the Cognitive activation theory of stress (CATS), we argue that new data on cardiovascular and thermoregulatory regulation indicate a state of permanent arousal responses – sustained arousal – in this condition. We suggest that sustained arousal can originate from different precipitating factors (infections, psychosocial challenges) interacting with predisposing factors (genetic traits, personality) and learned expectancies (classical and operant conditioning). Furthermore, sustained arousal may explain documented alterations by establishing vicious circles within immunology (Th2 (humoral)...
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Haldane and dimer gaps in general double-spin-chain models
J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, 1997
We have obtained an analytic expression for the $k$ dependence of excitation energy gap for an arbitrary double $S=1/2$ spin-chain by using the nonlocal unitary transformation and the variational method. It is checked to explain the gap behavior of various systems, which include the Haldane system and the dimer system in both extreme limits, and also the ladder model and the Majumdar-Ghosh model. The string order parameter, the dimer order parameter, and the local spin value are also calculated in the ground state. The ground-state energy exhibits a great stabilization by an antiferromagnetic bond dimerization, which might be realized in various new compounds. We also mention the relation of the convergence to the Haldane state with the spin-exchange symmetr...
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Modeling the behavior of users who are confronted with security mechanisms
Computers & Security, 2011
In this paper, we describe a new approach to analyze the trade-off between usability and security frequently found in security-related user interfaces. The approach involves the simulation of potential user interaction behavior by a mixed probabilistic and rule-driven state machine. On the basis of the simulations, user behavior in security-relevant situations can be predicted and user interfaces optimizing intended behavior can be designed. The approach is evaluated in an artificial microworld setting which provides good control over the experimental factors guiding the behavior. A comparison of empirical and simulated behavior in this microworld shows that the approach is already able to accurately predict important aspects of user behavior toward security...
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Plasmids for ectopic integration in Bacillus subtilis
Gene, 1996
Plasmids have been constructed that allow integration by a double recombination event at the thrC locus of the Bacillus subtilis (Bs) chromosome. These plasmids can be used either for construction of merodiploid strains and complementation analysis, or for construction of transcriptional fusions to the Escherichia coli lacZ gene. The plasmids contain an antibiotic (An) marker selectable in Bs, as well as an additional An marker outside of the region that can recombine into the chromosome. When used in conjunction with recipient strains containing a third An marker at their thrC locus, these plasmids allow easy identification of transformants issued from a marker exchange event without additional Campbell-type integration. The existing plasmids used for ectop...
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Effects of 4-nonylphenol and 17α-ethynylestradiol exposure in the Sydney rock oyster, Saccostrea glomerata: Vitellogenin induction and gonadal development
Aquatic Toxicology, 2008
Adult Saccostrea glomerata were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of 4-nonylphenol (1 μg/L and 100 μg/L) and 17α-ethynylestradiol (5 ng/L and 50 ng/L) in seawater over 8 weeks. Exposures were performed to assess effects on vitellogenin induction and gonadal development during reproductive conditioning. Chronic direct estrogenicity within gonadal tissue was assessed via an estrogen receptor-mediated, chemical-activated luciferase reporter gene-expression assay (ER-CALUX®). Estradiol equivalents (EEQ) were greatest in the 100 μg/L 4-nonylphenol exposure (28.7 ± 2.3 ng/g tissue EEQ) while 17α-ethynylestradiol at concentrations of 50 ng/L were 2.2 ± 1.5 ng/g tissue EEQ. Results suggest 4-nonylphenol may be accumulated in tissue and is pa...
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Microbial characterization of heavy metal resistant bacterial strains isolated from an electroplating wastewater treatment plant
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2019
Heavy metal pollution is one of the most widespread and complex environmental issues globally, posing a great threat to the ecosystem as well as human health. Bioremediation through heavy metal-resistant bacteria (HMRB) is currently the most promising technology to address this issue. To obtain HMRB to remediate heavy metal pollution potentially, 15 culturable HMRB strains were isolated from the sludge samples of an electroplating wastewater treatment plant (EWWTP), which belonged to the Bacillus, Shewanella, Lysinibacillus, and Acinetobacter genera. Their maximum tolerance concentrations to Cu2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, Co2+, and Cr2O72- were 40 mM, 10 mM, 200 mM, 40 mM, and 10 mM, respectively, and strain Mn1-4 showed much higher Mn2+ tolerance and removal effectivene...
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Unsteady inviscid and viscous computations for vortex-dominated flows
Journal of Aircraft, 1990
The unsteady supersonic flow around a rigid sharp-edged delta wing is solved using the unsteady Euler and thin-layer Navier-Stokes equations. The problem is formulated relative to a moving frame of reference so that computation of the grid motion is not required. A three-dimensional, implicit, aproximately factored, central-differencing, finite-volume scheme is used to obtain the time-accurate, unsteady, locally conical flow. The inviscid and viscous results are compared during the periodic response of a wing undergoing forced rolling-oscillation motion. The results show substantial differences in the surface pressure results and other distributed flow characteristics. These differences are attributed to the inviscid and viscous flow predictions in the vorte...
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Differential Effect of 3-Dimensional Color Doppler Echocardiography for the Quantification of Mitral Regurgitation According to the Severity and Characteristics
Circ: Cardiovascular Imaging, 2014
Background— The aim of this study is to explore the differential effect of 3-dimensional color Doppler echocardiography for the quantification of mitral regurgitation (MR). Two-dimensional color Doppler echocardiography–based MR quantification has well-documented limitations. Methods and Results— We consecutively enrolled 221 patients with MR. Adequate image quality was obtained by 2D- and 3D-color Doppler echocardiography in 211 (95.5%) patients. The quantitative differences between the MR volumes obtained by 2D- and 3D-proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) were analyzed in various MR subgroups. In the validation cohort (n=52), MR volume obtained by 3D-PISA showed a better agreement with phase-contrast cardiac MRI than 2D-PISA ( r =0.97 versus 0.84...
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Fabrication of p-type ZnSe:Sb nanowires for high-performance ultraviolet light photodetector application
Nanotechnology, 2013
p-type ZnSe nanowires (NWs) with tunable electrical conductivity were fabricated on a large scale by evaporating a mixed powder composed of ZnSe and Sb in different ratios. According to the structural characterization, the Sb-doped ZnSe NWs are of single crystalline form and grow along the [001] direction. The presence of Sb in the ZnSe NWs was confirmed by XPS spectra. Electrical measurement of a single ZnSe:Sb NW based back-gate metal–oxide field-effect-transistor reveals that all the doped NWs exhibit typical p-type conduction characteristics, and the conductivity can be tuned over eight orders of magnitude, from 6.36 × 10−7 S cm−1 for the undoped sample to ∼37.33 S cm−1 for the heavily doped sample. A crossed p–n nano-heterojunction photodet...
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A full-color anaglyph three-dimensional display system using active color filter glasses
Journal of Information Display, 2011
Presented herein is a novel stereoscopic three-dimensional (3D) display system with active color filter glasses. This system provides full-color 3D images by applying the time-multiplexing technique on the original anaglyph method. By switching between the opposite anaglyph statuses, a full-color anaglyph is presented. A liquid crystal panel from a 3D monitor serves as an active color filter operating at 120 Hz. A display panel and a color filter are connected to one graphic card as a dual-link system, for synchronization. To test the quality of this system, a left/right-eye image separation test and an experiment with stereoscopic images were carried out. Although there was some crosstalk and blur, the system, as expected, provided full-color 3D display. Th...
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Impairment of the type I interferon response by HIV-1: Potential targets for HIV eradication
Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews, 2017
By interfering with the type I interferon (IFN1) response, human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) can circumvent host antiviral signalling and establish persistent viral reservoirs. HIV-1-mediated defects in the IFN pathway are numerous, and include the impairment of protein receptors involved in pathogen detection, downstream signalling cascades required for IFN1 upregulation, and expression or function of key IFN1-inducible, antiviral proteins. Despite this, the activation of IFN1-inducible, antiviral proteins has been shown to facilitate the killing of latently HIV-infected cells in vitro. Understanding how IFN1 signalling is blocked in physiologically-relevant models of HIV-1 infection, and whether these defects can be reversed, is therefore of great imp...
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Lack of emotional gaze preferences using eye-tracking in remitted bipolar I disorder
Int J Bipolar Disord, 2018
Bipolar disorder is associated with heightened and persistent positive emotion (Gruber in Curr Dir Psychol Sci 20:217–221, 2011; Johnson in Clin Psychol Rev 25:241–262, 2005). Yet little is known about information processing biases that may influence these patterns of emotion responding. The current study adopted eye-tracking methodology as a continuous measure of sustained overt attention to monitor gaze preferences during passive viewing of positive, negative, and neutral standardized photo stimuli among remitted bipolar adults and healthy controls. Percentage fixation durations were recorded for predetermined areas of interest across the entire image presentation, and exploratory analyses were conducted to examine early versus late temporal phases of ...
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A large aperture row column addressed probe for in vivo 4D ultrafast doppler ultrasound imaging
Phys. Med. Biol., 2018
Four-dimensional (4D) Ultrafast ultrasound imaging was recently proposed to image and quantify blood flow with high sensitivity in 3D as well as anatomical, mechanical or functional information. In 4D Ultrafast imaging, coherent compounding of tilted planes waves emitted by a 2D matrix array were used to image the medium at high volume rate. 4D ultrafast imaging, however, requires a high channel count (>1000) to drive those probes. Alternative approaches have been proposed and investigated to efficiently reduce the density of elements, such as sparse or under-sampled arrays while maintaining a decent image quality and high volume rate. The row–columns configuration presents the advantage of keeping a large active surface with a low amount of elements and a...
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An Epizootic of Trichophyton mentagrophytes Infection in Laboratory Mice in Nigeria/ Epizootie durch Trichophyton mentagrophytes bei Laboratoriumsmäusen in Nigeria
Mycoses, 1983
Summary: An epizootic of dermatophytosis due to Trichophyton mentagrophytes in a colony of laboratory mice is reported of a total of four hundred white laboratory mice (5–8 weeks old) investigated over a period of six weeks at two animal houses in Enugu and Nsukka, twenty seven (approx. 7%) showed active ringworm lesions yielding pure cultures of T. mentagrophytes. The dermatophyte was also recovered from 16 (24.2%) out of 66 apparently healthy mice investigated for carriage of the dermatophyte. A detailed study of the cultural and morphological characteristics of the isolates showed that they belonged to var. mentagrophytes. No case of ringworm infection was recorded amongst the animal house staff. Zusammenfassung: Bericht über epizootisches Auftreten ei...
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Circulating FGF21 Levels Are Progressively Increased from the Early to End Stages of Chronic Kidney Diseases and Are Associated with Renal Function in Chinese
PLoS ONE, 2011
Background Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a hepatic hormone involved in the regulation of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. This study aims to test the hypothesis that elevated FGF21 concentrations are associated with the change of renal function and the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in the different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. Methodology/Principal Findings 240 subjects including 200 CKD patients (146 outpatients and 54 long-term hemodialytic patients) and 40 healthy control subjects were recruited. All CKD subjects underwent echocardiograms to assess left ventricular mass index. Plasma FGF21 levels and other clinical and biochemical parameters in all subjects were obtained based on standard clinical examina...
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A low‐molecular mass ribonuclease from the brown oyster mushroom
The Journal of Peptide Research, 2005
A ribonuclease, with a molecular mass of 9 kDa and an N-terminal sequence resembling the sequence of a fragment of tRNA/rRNA cytosine-C5-methylase and a fragment of a alanyl-tRNA synthetase, was isolated from fresh fruiting bodies of the brown oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus. The ribonuclease was purified using a very simple protocol that comprised ion-exchange chromatography on carboxymethyl (CM)-cellulose and affinity chromatography on Affi-gel blue gel. Subsequent gel filtration by fast protein liquid chromatography on Superdex 75 and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that the ribonuclease was purified after the first two chromatographic steps. The ribonuclease was adsorbed on CM-cellulose and Affi-gel blue gel. ...
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Targeting Vascular Disease in Systemic Sclerosis
EMIDDT, 2006
Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma, SSc) is a chronic connective tissue disease of unknown etiology characterized by progressive fibrosis of the skin and a distinctive pattern of internal organ involvement. Excessive fibrosis, vascular injury, autoimmunity and inflammation are permanent features of the disease process leading to irreversible organ damage and significant morbidity and mortality in SSc patients. Recent progress in understanding the pathogenesis of SSc as well as diagnostic and therapeutic advances in medicine have made more effective treatment strategies possible. So far, therapies targeting vascular aspects of SSc have been most successful. This underlines the role of vascular injury in the pathogenesis of the disease and raising hopes of signif...
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Occurrence of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. in meat processed products from industrial plants in Southern Italy
Food Control, 2016
The main goal of the present investigation was to assess the microbiological safety of two typical meat-derived products, i.e. raw pork sausages and entrails lamb rolls, produced in Salento (Apulia, Southern Italy). Analyses were carried out for 7 years (from 2008 to 2014) and a total number of 6720 samples was collected by specialized personnel. The presence of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. was detected by a PCR-based assay, combined with culturing in enrichment broth. The prevalence of L. monocytogenes was assessed in 2.4% entrails lamb rolls and in 4.2% raw pork sausages samples, whereas the occurrence of Salmonella spp. was revealed in 2.7% lamb rolls and in 3.5% pork sausages. A statistically significant seasonal variation was found in the ...
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Syntheses, characterizations and crystal structures of triorganotin(IV) derivatives with 2-mercapto-4-quinazolinone
Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, 2006
The triorganotin(IV) derivatives of 2-mercapto-4-quinazolinone (HSqualone) of the type, R3SnL (R = Ph 1, CH3 2, PhCH2 3, p-F-PhCH2 4, o-F-PhCH2 5, n-Bu 6), were obtained by the reaction of the R3SnCl and HSqualone with 1:1 molar ratio in benzene. All complexes 1–6 were characterized by elemental analyses, IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and the crystal structures of complexes 1–3 were also confirmed by X–ray crystallography. The structure analyses reveal that the tin atoms of complexes 1–3 are all distorted tetrahedral geometries. Furthermore, the dimeric structures in complexes 1–3 have also been found linked by intermolecular O–H⋯N or N–H⋯O hydrogen bonding interaction. Interestingly, the dimers of complexes 2 and 3 are further linked int...
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Quantitative ocean characterisation: Acoustically analogous environments
Journal of Operational Oceanography, 2011
Characterisation of the oceanic environment is of interest to many different scientific and engineering disciplines, including geologists, fisheries managers, marine mammal biologists, ocean resource managers, conservationists and ocean acousticians. Quantitative environmental characterisation requires a robust and efficient methodology to evaluate vast amounts of spatiotemporal environmental data. Presented here is such a methodology – flexible and robust enough to be used in multiple applications.The case presented is the determination of acoustically analogous environments in the ocean. A key element of this work is the construction of a set of acoustically relevant parameters which characterise acoustical properties of the water column, based on the so...
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Improving the experience of deaf students in higher education
Br J Nurs, 2010
This article identifies and critically analyses the difficulties faced by deaf students studying in higher education settings and the potential support that they require. Deaf students face significant barriers in gaining access to information and learning in the classroom. At the same time, the number of such students attending universities and colleges has increased dramatically over the past 20 years. Little known about the potential solutions to these problems, and there is a dearth of research on the effectiveness of support services made available, including interpreting, note-taking, real-time captioning (a written rendering of the dialogue spoken, in the same language) and tutoring, particularly when attempting to take into account the impact of such...
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A whole‐brain modeling approach to identify individual and group variations in functional connectivity
Brain and Behavior, 2020
Resting-state functional connectivity is an important and widely used measure of individual and group differences. Yet, extant statistical methods are limited to linking covariates with variations in functional connectivity across subjects, especially at the voxel-wise level of the whole brain. This paper introduces a modeling approach that regresses whole-brain functional connectivity on covariates. Our approach is a mesoscale approach that enables identification of brain subnetworks. These subnetworks are composite of spatially independent components discovered by a dimension reduction approach (such as whole-brain group ICA) and covariate-related projections determined by the covariate-assisted principal regression, a recently introduced covariance matrix...
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Successful Long-term Use of Oral Isotretinoin for the Management of Morbihan Disease
Arch Dermatol, 2012
BackgroundMorbihan disease (MD) is characterized by persistent erythema and solid edema of the upper two-thirds of the face. It is generally regarded as a late-stage complication of rosacea, although its etiology is poorly understood. The standard therapeutic management includes systemic anti-inflammatory medications; however, the clinical response, if any, is often unsatisfactory. We review the current challenges and a promising new option for the treatment of MD.ObservationsFive cases of MD were treated with long-term (>6 months; mean, 16 months) oral isotretinoin, with documented nonrecurrence. The mean sustained daily dose was 60 mg/d (range, 40-80 mg/d), and the mean cumulative dose was approximately 285 mg/kg (range, 170-491 mg/kg)...
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Simulation and Experiment on Droplet Formation and Separation for Needle-Type Micro-Liquid Jetting Dispenser
Micromachines, 2018
The needle-type droplet jetting dispenser has wide applications in the field of microelectronic packaging, and for which the good quality of droplet formation and separation is the key to successful dispensing. This paper simulates the droplet jetting process which has been divided into 5 stages named backflow, growth, droplet extension, breakage, and separation, and analyses the combined effects of system parameters, such as pressure, viscosity, needle stroke, and nozzle diameter, on the changes of morphologies of ejected droplets, which is verified by experiments. The simulation and experiment results show that a higher driving pressure is quite suitable for the high-viscosity liquid to form normal droplets by avoiding adhesion. When increasing the needle ...
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Proteome Analysis Reveals a Large Merozoite Surface Protein-1 Associated Complex on the Plasmodium falciparum Merozoite Surface
J. Proteome Res., 2010
Plasmodium merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1) is an essential antigen for the merozoite invasion of erythrocytes. A key challenge to the development of an effective malaria vaccine that can block the erythrocyte invasion is to establish the molecular interaction(s) among the parasite surface proteins as well as with the host cell encoded receptors. In the present study, we applied molecular interactions and proteome approaches to identify PfMSP-1 associated complex on the merozoite surface. Proteomic analysis identified a major malaria surface protein, PfRhopH3 interacting with PfMSP-142. Pull-down experiments with merozoite lysate using anti-PfMSP-1 or anti-PfRhopH3 antibodies showed 16 bands that when identified by tandem mass spectrometry corresponded to...
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Neurological complications of dengue virus infection
The Lancet Neurology, 2013
Dengue is the second most common mosquito-borne disease affecting human beings. In 2009, WHO endorsed new guidelines that, for the first time, consider neurological manifestations in the clinical case classification for severe dengue. Dengue can manifest with a wide range of neurological features, which have been noted—depending on the clinical setting—in 0·5–21% of patients with dengue admitted to hospital. Furthermore, dengue was identified in 4–47% of admissions with encephalitis-like illness in endemic areas. Neurological complications can be categorised into dengue encephalopathy (eg, caused by hepatic failure or metabolic disorders), encephalitis (caused by direct virus invasion), neuromuscular complications (eg, Guillain-Barré syndrome or tr...
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Clinicopathological investigation of lymph node metastasis predictors in superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with a focus on evaluation of lympho-vascular invasion
Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2013
OBJECTIVE. Reliable indicators of the risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (sESCC: intramucosal and submucosal invasive carcinoma) may contribute to assist optimal clinical decision-making for treating sESCC. In esophageal cancer, there is a possibility of metastasis, even in sESCC, and careful evaluation is needed when making a pathological diagnosis. In this study, we objectively evaluated predictive factors of LNM. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A total of 110 consecutive sESCC cases were obtained. We evaluated candidate predictive factors of LNM as follows: (1) maximum tumor diameter; (2) macroscopic type; (3) depth of tumor invasion; (4) histological differentiation; (5) infiltrative growth pattern; (6) tumor bud...
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Immunogenic, but Not Steady-State, Antigen Presentation Permits Regulatory T-Cells To Control CD8+ T-Cell Effector Differentiation by IL-2 Modulation
PLoS ONE, 2014
Absorption of IL-2 is one proposed mechanism of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cell (Treg) suppression. Direct in vivo experimental evidence for this has recently been obtained. While modulation of IL-2 bioavailability controls CD8+ T-cell effector differentiation under strongly immunogenic conditions it is not known whether Treg modulate CD8+ T cell responses through this mechanism under steady-state conditions. Here we assess this using a mouse model in which dendritic cells (DC) are manipulated to present cognate antigen to CD8+ T cells either in the steady-state or after activation. Our observations show that Treg exert a check on expansion and effector differentiation of CD8+ T cells under strongly immunogenic conditions associated with TLR ligand activat...
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Fluorescent Labeling of Helminth Extracellular Vesicles Using an In Vivo Whole Organism Approach
Biomedicines, 2020
In the last two decades, extracellular vesicles (EVs) from the three domains of life, Archaea, Bacteria and Eukaryotes, have gained increasing scientific attention. As such, the role of EVs in host-pathogen communication and immune modulation are being intensely investigated. Pivotal to EV research is the determination of how and where EVs are taken up by recipient cells and organs in vivo, which requires suitable tracking strategies including labelling. Labelling of EVs is often performed post-isolation which increases risks of non-specific labelling and the introduction of labelling artefacts. Here we exploited the inability of helminths to de novo synthesise fatty acids to enable labelling of EVs by whole organism uptake of fluorescent lipid analogues and...
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Influence of heat on miscibility of Quillaja saponins in mixtures with a co-surfactant
Food Research International, 2016
Thermal treatment of mixed surfactant systems can have a major impact on their phase behavior through modified interactions between the surfactants. In this study, we investigated the miscibility behavior of aqueous binary surfactant systems composed of Quillaja saponin extract and sodium caseinate, pea protein, rapeseed lecithin, or egg lecithin at different concentration ratios (0–5% w/v) at pH 3, 5, and 7 upon heat treatment (25–75 °C). The results revealed that the heat-treated Quillaja saponin–sodium caseinate mixtures at pH 7 remained miscible when the ratio of Quillaja saponins was equal or higher to the ratio of caseinate, otherwise the mixtures flocculated due to increased hydrophobic interactions. At pH 3, the aggregation of Quillaja saponin...
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Anorexia/bulimia‐related sialadenosis of palatal minor salivary glands
J Oral Pathology Medicine, 2005
Journal of Oral Pathology & MedicineVolume 34, Issue 6 p. 383-383 Anorexia/bulimia-related sialadenosis of palatal minor salivary glands Doron J Aframian DMD PhD, Doron J Aframian DMD PhD In-charge of Salivary Gland Clinic Department of Oral Medicine The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem PO Box 12272, Zip code 91120 Israel Tel.: 972 2 677 6140 Fax: 972 2 644 7919 E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author Doron J Aframian DMD PhD, Doron J Aframian DMD PhD In-charge of Salivary Gland Clinic Department of Oral Medicine The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem PO Box 12272, Zip code 91120 Israel Tel.: 972 2 677 6140 Fax: 972 2 644 7919 E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by...
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Masculinity as cruel optimism
NORMA, 2017
Lauren Berlant has argued, ‘cruel optimism exists when something you desire is actually an obstacle to your flourishing’ [2011. Cruel Optimism. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, p. 1]. In this paper, I draw on Berlant’s notion of ‘cruel optimism’ and position it alongside the idea of the ‘angry white male’ [Kimmel, 2013. Angry white men: American masculinity at the end of an era. New York, NY: Nation Books]. My contention is to work through the governing opinion of masculinities studies that masculinity itself is seldom achievable; that is, if we believe the writings of masculinity theorists – popular and academic – we always seem to fail at masculinity. One can never be masculine enough. We are told to ‘man up’ and yet the very comman...
1785175455
A Polysystemic Approach, in Proto-Tibetan reconstruction, to tone and syllable-initial consonant clusters
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 1972
In an earlier article (Sprigg, 1963b) I drew on Burmese, with only a few examples from certain Tibetan dialects (Lhasa, Sherpa), to advocate applying prosodic analysis, the name commonly given to the polysystemic type of phonological analysis devised by J. R. Firth, to the languages of the TibetoBurman group for purposes of comparison and reconstruction; since then I have had an opportunity of studying two typologically different Tibetan dialects, the non-tonal Golok and the slightly tonal Balti, both of them remarkable for syllable-initial consonant clusters; and the relations of tone in the tonal Tibetan dialects to syllable-initial consonant clusters in the non-tonal dialects much strengthens the case, to my mind, for basing comparison of Tibetan dialects...
1785175455
DNA Priming for Seasonal Influenza Vaccine: A Phase 1b Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial
PLoS ONE, 2015
Background The efficacy of current influenza vaccines is limited in vulnerable populations. DNA vaccines can be produced rapidly, and may offer a potential strategy to improve vaccine immunogenicity, indicated by studies with H5 influenza DNA vaccine prime followed by inactivated vaccine boost. Methods Four sites enrolled healthy adults, randomized to receive 2011/12 seasonal influenza DNA vaccine prime (n=65) or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) (n=66) administered intramuscularly with Biojector. All subjects received the 2012/13 seasonal inactivated influenza vaccine, trivalent (IIV3) 36 weeks after the priming injection. Vaccine safety and tolerability was the primary objective and measurement of antibody response by hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) was th...
1785175455
On the criteria to be used in decomposing systems into modules
Commun. ACM, 1972
This paper discusses modularization as a mechanism for improving the flexibility and comprehensibility of a system while allowing the shortening of its development time. The effectiveness of a “modularization” is dependent upon the criteria used in dividing the system into modules. A system design problem is presented and both a conventional and unconventional decomposition are described. It is shown that the unconventional decompositions have distinct advantages for the goals outlined. The criteria used in arriving at the decompositions are discussed. The unconventional decomposition, if implemented with the conventional assumption that a module consists of one or more subroutines, will be less efficient in most cases. An alternative approach to impleme...
1785175455
Motor unit firing pattern of vastus lateralis muscle in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Muscle Nerve, 2013
Introduction: We investigated the motor unit (MU) firing pattern in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients by means of multichannel surface electromyography (SEMG). Methods: Eight T2DM patients and 8 age-matched, healthy men performed a ramp-up contraction to 20% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). They also performed a sustained contraction at 10% of MVC during isometric knee extension. Multichannel SEMG signals recorded from the vastus lateralis muscle were decomposed with the convolution kernel compensation technique to extract individual MU firing patterns. Results: During the ramp contraction, the extent of MU firing modulation was significantly attenuated in T2DM. Variability of MU firing rate was significantly higher in T2DM at later periods dur...
1785175455
Role of Prelimbic GABAergic Circuits in Sensory and Emotional Aspects of Neuropathic Pain
Cell Reports, 2015
Noxious stimuli are detected by peripheral nociceptors and then transmitted to higher CNS centers, where they are perceived as an unpleasant sensation. The mechanisms that govern the emotional component associated with pain are still incompletely understood. Here, we used optogenetic approaches both in vitro and in vivo to address this issue. We found that peripheral nerve injury inhibits pyramidal cell firing in the prelimbic area of the prefrontal cortex as a result of feed-forward inhibition mediated by parvalbumin-expressing GABAergic interneurons. In addition, activation of inhibitory archaerhodopsin or excitatory channelrhodopsin-2 in these neurons decreased and increased pain responses, respectively, in freely moving mice and accordingly modulated con...
1785175455
Improved biodiesel manufacture at low temperature and short reaction time
Renewable Energy, 2013
Biodiesel, which is derived from oil/fat by transesterification with alcohol, has attracted considerable attention over the past decades due to its ability to subsidise fossil fuel derived energy as a renewable and carbon neutral fuel. Several approaches for biodiesel fuel production have been developed, among which transesterification using a catalyst gives high yields of methyl ester. This method has therefore been widely utilized for biodiesel production in a number of countries. In this study, a Downflow Liquid Contactor Reactor (DLCR) has been used for the liquid–liquid transesterification reaction of sunflower oil with alcohol with extraordinary results. The reactor provides great potential for chemical reactions, which are normally limited by mass t...
1785175455
Fire exposure behavior of epoxy reinforced with jute fiber applied to ceramic tiles for a ventilated facade system
Mat. Res., 2019
Civil construction seeks to increase the useful life of the facades of buildings. Installing a ventilated facade is one way to accomplish this due to aesthetic and technical advantages. Ceramic tiles are the main products used as the covering. To the back face of a tile, a bidirectional screen of glass fiber is adhered using epoxy resin. This set forms a composite for security reasons. During the last decade, there has been an increase in the substitution of composites of synthetic fibers with those of natural fibers. The present work compares the fire-resistant behavior of glass fiber with that of jute fiber applied to ceramics installed in ventilated facade. The following conjoint composites were produced: glazed porcelain tile, epoxy resin, glass fiber an...