Sci-Hub

1785188381

Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Layered Materials under High Pressure: Assessing the Importance of Many-Body Dispersion Effects

J. Chem. Theory Comput., 2019

The importance of many-body dispersion effects in layered materials subjected to high external loads is evaluated. State-of-the-art many-body dispersion density functional theory calculations performed for graphite, hexagonal boron nitride, and their hetero-structures were used to fit the parameters of a classical registry-dependent interlayer potential. Using the latter, we performed extensive equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations and studied the mechanical response of homogeneous and heterogeneous bulk models under hydrostatic pressures up to 30 GPa. Comparison with experimental data demonstrates that the reliability of the many-body dispersion model extends deep into the sub-equilibrium regime. Friction simulations demonstrate the importance of many-...

1785188381

On D-brane moduli stabilisation

J. High Energ. Phys., 2014

Standard results in 4d N=1 string compactifications assign a number of moduli to each space-time filling D-brane, computed by analysing the D-brane action in a fixed background. We revisit such conventional wisdom and argue that this naive counting of open string moduli is incorrect, in the sense that some of them will be lifted when making dynamical the bulk degrees of freedom. We explicitly discuss this effect for D6-branes wrapping special Lagrangian three-cycles, showing that some geometric and Wilson line moduli are lifted even before taking into account worldsheet instanton effects. From a 4d effective theory viewpoint the moduli lifting is due to an F-term potential, and can be deduced from the superpotentials in the literature. From a microscopic vie...

1785188381

Health Impact Assessment of Urban Waterway Decisions

IJERPH, 2014

Health impact assessments (HIA) promote the consideration of health in a wide range of public decisions. Although each HIA is different, common pathways, evidence bases, and strategies for community engagement tend to emerge in certain sectors, such as urban redevelopment, natural resource extraction, or transportation planning. To date, a limited number of HIAs have been conducted on decisions affecting water resources and waterfronts. This review presents four recent HIAs of water-related decisions in the United States and Puerto Rico. Although the four cases are topically and geographically diverse, several common themes emerged from the consideration of health in water-related decisions. Water resource decisions are characterized by multiple competing us...

1785188381

Periodic Solution of a Certain Non-Linear Differential Equation

Math. Gaz., 1948

The equation to be solved is where a, b, ƒ are real parameters. (1) is non-linear by virtue of the term by 3 . Suppose that the free end of a restoring device or spring is fixed to a mass m resting on a frictionless horizontal plane. Let the force-displacement relationship of the spring ƒ 1 = g ( y ), a function of the displacement y . If the mass is driven by an external force F cos ωt , the equation of motion is or In (l), g ( y / m = ay + by 3 and ƒ = F/m . If b = 0, the spring stiffness is ma , a constant, so (3) is linear. When b ≠ 0, the stiffness is not constant, but has the value mdg ( y )/ dy = m ( a + 3 by 2 ). This increases or decreases with increase in y , according as b ≷ 0, and (1) is then non-linear. Putting a = ( ω 2 + λ 2 ), (1) b...

1785188381

Fixed bed column study for pesticide removal using silver nanoparticles-embedded polyurethane foam and glass beads

Chemical Engineering Communications, 2019

This study reports the effectiveness of silver nanoparticles coated onto polyurethane foam (CPU), fused into polyurethane foam (FPU), and glass beads in a fixed bed column for removal of pesticide “Chlorpyrifos.” Silver nanoparticles coated on substrates were synthesized in laboratory using hibiscus leaf extract (SNP) and was compared with commercial silver nanoparticles (CNP). Characterization of silver nanoparticles and its interaction with the substrate were probed using XRD, TEM, and FTIR, respectively. Experiments were conducted by varying flow rate (20–40 mL/h) with a fixed bed height and pesticide concentration. The maximum removal of pesticide was obtained as 92% and 94% for CPU; 90% and 96% for FPU; 81% and 72% for glass beads with SNP and CNP...

1785188381

Living arrangements of adults with learning disabilities across the UK

TLDR, 2017

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to compare data from national social care statistics on the living situations of people with learning disabilities across England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Design/methodology/approach National social care statistics (England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland) reporting the living situations of adults with learning disabilities (residential and nursing care, living with family, other forms of accommodation) were accessed, with data extracted on trends over time and rate of service use. Findings There were substantial differences in the statistics collected across the UK. Overall, there were higher reported rates of adults with learning disabilities in residential/nursing accommodation in England than Scotland...

1785188381

Applying cumulative effects to strategically advance large‐scale ecosystem restoration

Frontiers in Ecol & Environ, 2020

International efforts to restore degraded ecosystems will continue to expand over the coming decades, yet the factors contributing to the effectiveness of long-term restoration across large areas remain largely unexplored. At large scales, outcomes are more complex and synergistic than the additive impacts of individual restoration projects. Here, we propose a cumulative-effects conceptual framework to inform restoration design and implementation and to comprehensively measure ecological outcomes. To evaluate and illustrate this approach, we reviewed long-term restoration in several large coastal and riverine areas across the US: the greater Florida Everglades; Gulf of Mexico coast; lower Columbia River and estuary; Puget Sound; San Francisco Bay and Sacrame...

1785188380

Hydrogen peroxide functions as a cell death signal for hybrid lethality in the F1 of Nicotiana gossei $times; N. tabacum

Plant Science, 2004

F1 seedlings of Nicotiana gossei Domin × N. tabacum L. show hybrid lethality caused by an expansion of programmed cell death from the base of the hypocotyl. The cell death proceeded at 26 °C but not at 37 °C. The levels of O2− and H2O2, reactive oxygen intermediates, were higher in the plants grown at 26 °C than 37 °C. The cell death was suppressed by the application of catalase or inhibitors of NADPH oxidase, but not by superoxide dismutase (SOD) or mangan-desferrioxamine. This suggests that H2O2 is involved in the cell death process rather than O2−. The cell death was promoted in the F1 hybrid of N. gossei × transgenic N. tabacum overexpressing the rice CuZn-SOD, whereas it was suppressed in the F1 hybrid of N. gossei × transgenic N. tabacum ove...

1785188380

Wg signaling in Drosophila heart development as a pioneering model

Journal of Genetics and Genomics, 2010

The heart is one of the first functional embryonic organs occurring during development. The fundamental developmental processes and genes involved in cardiogenesis are conserved between the invertebrates and vertebrates. In the past fifteen years, one of signaling pathways that has been best characterized in heart development in both invertebrates and vertebrates is the Wg/Wnt signaling pathways. Since our discovery of the Wg signaling required for the early heart development in Drosophila, the past fifteen years have witnessed tremendous progress in the understanding of specific Wnt signaling pathways in vertebrate cardiogenesis. This review will summarize the current state of knowledge of Wg signaling transduction in Drosophila heart development, which wil...

1785188380

Nasal Patency and the Effectiveness of Nasal Continuous Positive Air Pressure in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Otolaryngol.--head neck surg., 1998

Nasal airway obstruction may exacerbate sleep apnea and is difficult to quantify on clinical examination. In this study, we examined the relationship among nasal patency, the frequency of sleep apnea events, and effective nasal continuous positive air pressures. Acoustic rhinometry was used as an objective measurement of nasal cross-sectional areas in 76 patients without nasal symptoms who underwent study with diagnostic polysomnography because of obstructive sleep apnea. Patients with persistent obstructive sleep apnea were titrated to nasal continuous positive air pressure in a split night study. All subjects had a mean apnea/hypopnea index of 28, and those with obstructive sleep apnea had a mean apnea/hypopnea index of 43. Mean cross-sectional areas 1 to ...

1785188380

Regulation of TNF‐α release from bone marrow–derived macrophages by vitamin D

J of Cellular Biochemistry, 1994

The calcium-regulating hormone 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3[1,25(OH)2D3] is recognized as an immunomodulator affecting the activities of macrophages and lymphocytes. We have shown that macrophages harvested from vitamin D-deficient mice (-D MPs) exhibit impaired phagocytic and tumoricidal activities as compared with control cells (+D MPs), and that bone marrow-derived macrophage (BMDM) differentiation is modulated by 1,25(OH)2D3. The release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) by macrophages is considered a major mechanism by which these cells exert their tumoricidal function. This cytokine was also implicated in modulation of bone resorption. In the present study we examine the role of 1,25(OH)2D3 in TNF-alpha synthesis and release. BMDMs were harvested ...

1785188380

A settling-driven instability in two-component, stably stratified fluids

J. Fluid Mech., 2017

We analyse the linear stability of stably stratified fluids whose density depends on two scalar fields where one of the scalar fields is unstably stratified and involves a settling velocity. Such conditions may be found, for example, in flows involving the transport of sediment in addition to heat or salt. A linear stability analysis for constant-gradient base states demonstrates that the settling velocity generates a phase shift between the perturbation fields of the two scalars, which gives rise to a novel, settling-driven instability mode. This instability mechanism favours the growth of waves that are inclined with respect to the horizontal. It is active for all density and diffusivity ratios, including for cases in which the two scalars diffuse at ident...

1785188380

Radiation related toxicities in national wilms' tumor study number 1

International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, 1977

Twenty-six of 359 patients randomized into the first National Wilms' Tumor Study developed soft tissue complications which could be related to radiation. There were 15 instances of liver damage, 7 lung, 2 renal and 2 cardiac. Three additional patients with infection were recorded as having had radiation damage; however, the direct relationship to radiation and secondary infection is unclear in these patients. Signs and symptoms were transient in all but 3 patients; 1 of these required surgical intervention for esophageal varices, but remained well 4 years thereafter. Three patients have died, 2 from pulmonary fibrosis following high doses of radiation to the lungs, and 1 from cardiotoxicity which was recorded as related to concomitant Adriamycin administrati...

1785188380

Vortex breakdown, linear global instability and sensitivity of pipe bifurcation flows

J. Fluid Mech., 2017

Pipe bifurcations are common flow configurations in both natural and man-made systems. This study follows our previous report (Chen et al. , Phys. Fluids , vol. 27, 2015, 034107) by describing three aspects of flows through junction angles of $70^{\circ }$ , $90^{\circ }$ and $110^{\circ }$ , with a square cross-section. First, the inflow creates tightly spiralling vortices in four quadrants of the junction. For sufficiently large Reynolds number $Re$ , these vortices undergo behaviour resembling steady near-axisymmetric breakdown. With increasing $Re$ , the flow through the $90^{\circ }$ junction remains steady and stable until the first Hopf bifurcation. Beyond the Hopf bifurcation, the vortices undergo a helical instability. The $70^{\circ }$ and $110^{\c...

1785188380

Transition metal – Graphene oxide nanohybrid materials as counter electrodes for high efficiency quantum dot solar cells

Catalysis Today, 2020

We report the synthesis of new nanocomposite hybrids, based on graphene oxide (GO) incorporating Cu and Co transition metals. GO was produced through graphite oxidation using powerful oxidizing reagents and consecutively was functionalized with the use of CTAB and PSS surfactants. The resulting materials were further decorated with Cu and/or Co using an electrostatic self-assembly process through solvothermal treatment with the corresponding metal chlorides in an autoclave. The influence of metal precursor concentration in the final material characteristics was examined, using mass ratios of 1/4.5 and 1/9 for GO/Cu and GO/Co, and 1/4.5, 1/9 and 1/18 for the bimetallic GO/(Cu-Co) nanohybrid materials, respectively. The produced nanohybrid materials (GO/Cu, GO...

1785188379

Systemic response of the GH/IGF-I axis in timely versus delayed fracture healing

Growth Hormone & IGF Research, 2008

The GH-IGF axis has profound effects on the local and systemic regulation of bone metabolism and may be important for quality of fracture healing. To test the hypothesis that deficiency of the GH/IGF axis may play a role in the pathogenesis of fracture non-union we investigated whether alterations of serum concentrations of the GH-IGF axis could be related to failed fracture healing compared to timely fracture healing in trauma patients. Serum probes were prospectively collected from 186 patients with surgical treatment of long bone fractures up to 6 months after surgery. Samples from 14 patients with atrophic type of non-union have been compared to 14 matched patients with normal bone healing. Postoperative time courses of serum concentrations have been ana...

1785188379

Perceptions of the difficulties of postgraduate L2 thesis students writing the discussion section

Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 2006

In postgraduate study, students including L2 students are often required to write a thesis and, as a growing literature reveals, L2 students often experience difficulties in the writing of this genre. While most of this research has involved surveys (questionnaires and interviews) and case studies of supervisor perceptions, only a few studies have also considered student perceptions. Most of the perceptions have considered student difficulties when writing the thesis as a whole, rather than particular section. The present study, based on the use of in-depth interviews with four supervisor–student pairs, focused on student difficulties in writing the discussion of results section (DRS) of the thesis and investigated the extent to which the perceptions of th...

1785188379

Assessment of illicit drugs in wastewater and estimation of drugs of abuse in Adana Province, Turkey

Forensic Science International, 2019

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a rapidly developing discipline that has the potential to monitor real-time data on regional and temporal differences regarding the use of illicit drugs. With WBE, metabolic products discharged for drug consumption are rapidly collected by sewage systems, which provide valuable evidence on the types and quantities of drugs consumed by a given community. In this study, the samples were collected from the wastewaters entering the facilities in Seyhan and Yuregir Waste Water Treatment Plants (WWTPs), in Adana Province. Composite wastewater analysis was performed by using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and the analysis revealed multiple drugs including cocaine and its main metabolite, benzoylecgon...

1785188379

Faxén form of time-domain force on a sphere in unsteady spatially varying viscous compressible flows

J. Fluid Mech., 2017

An explicit expression for the time-dependent force on a stationary, finite-sized spherical particle located in an unsteady inhomogeneous ambient flow is presented. The force expression accounts for both viscous and compressible effects. Towards this end, a time-harmonic plane travelling wave of a given frequency propagating in a viscous compressible flow over a sphere is considered. Linearized compressible Navier–Stokes equations are solved to obtain an analytical expression for the force exerted on the particle in the frequency domain. The force obtained in the Laplace space due to a travelling wave of a given frequency and wavenumber is then generalized to any arbitrary incoming flow. This is achieved by relating the radial and tangential velocity compo...

1785188379

Possible mechanisms of sugar maple regeneration failure and replacement by beech in the Boisé-des-Muir old-growth forest, Québec

Écoscience, 1999

To better understand the causes of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) replacement by beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) in the Boisé-des-Muir old-growth forest (Québec), we studied, i) the effect of beech litter on soil properties, ii) the effect of low light availability on maple survival, and iii) beech regeneration via root sprouts. Soil properties, understory light, seedling emergence and survival, height growth, and density distribution of maple and beech were compared between the old-growth stand and an adjacent managed stand where the abundance of maple regeneration was high. We did not observe any detrimental effect of beech litter on soil properties and maple early establishment. Overall light availability and maple stocking were lower, and maple de...

1785188379

Sub-barrier pathways to Freeman resonances

Phys. Rev. A, 2020

The problem of Freeman resonances [R. R. Freeman \textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{59}, 1092 (1987)] when strong field ionization is enhanced due to the transient population of excited states during the ionization, is revisited. An intuitive model is put forward which explains the mechanism of the intermediate population of excited states during nonadiabatic tunneling ionization via the under-the-barrier recollision and recombination. The theoretical model is based on perturbative strong-field approximation (SFA), where the sub-barrier bound-continuum-bound pathway is described in the second-order SFA, while the further ionization from the excited state by an additional perturbative step. The enhancement of ionization is shown to arise due to the con...

1785188378

Determining β‐sheet stability by Fourier transform infrared difference spectra

Biopolymers, 2004

We describe here a new method for determining the conformational stability of antiparallel beta-sheets. Due to coupling between the transition dipoles, beta-sheet conformations typically exhibit a characteristic high-frequency amide I component centered at approximately 1680 cm(-1). Using one beta-sheet protein and two small beta-hairpins, we demonstrate that this high-frequency component, which is fairly narrow (approximately 8-10 cm(-1)), can be quantitatively resolved and used in thermal stability determination. Compared with the commonly used CD and fluorescence techniques, this ir method offers advantages. Since the area of this high-frequency component is only proportional to the folded population, it eliminates the need for a priori information of the...

1785188378

The resurfacing of German fascism

Political Geography, 2020

Since 2011, thousands of people have been resettled in the province of Tete, central Mozambique to make way for open-pit coal mines. These resettlements have received widespread criticism for impoverishing already vulnerable communities and for the repressive action taken against local opposition. This repression is part of a broader array of reactions "from above" that have emerged in relation to protest. One of these reactions "from above" is that representatives of the government of Mozambique and extractive multinational companies increasingly address resettlement in Tete as a process to learn lessons from. These lessons learning practices legitimize future resettlement processes elsewhere, particularly in relation to a highly valued project of liquid na...

1785188378

Randomised double blind trial of morphineversus diamorphine for sedation of preterm neonates

Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed, 1998

AIMS To compare the safety and effectiveness of morphine and diamorphine for the sedation of ventilated preterm neonates in a double blind, randomised trial. METHODS Eighty eight babies were allocated to receive either morphine (n = 44) or diamorphine (n = 44) by bolus infusion (200 or 120 mcg/kg, respectively, over two hours), followed by maintenance infusion (25 or 15 mcg/kg/h, respectively) during the initial phase of their respiratory disease. Serial monitoring of physiological, behavioural, and biochemical variables over the first 24 hours of the infusions was performed. Longer term outcomes were also monitored. RESULTS Morphine, but not diamorphine, was associated with a mean (SEM) decrease in mean arterial blood pressure of ...

1785188378

Prediction of submerged arc weld‐metal composition from flux ingredients with the help of statistical design of mixture experiment

Scand Jof Metallurgy, 2004

A prediction model has been developed for submerged arc weld-metal chemical composition in terms of flux ingredients with the help of statistical experiments for mixture (extreme vertices design). Bead-on-plate weld deposits as per statistical mixture design experiments were performed at the following welding parameters: current (400 A), voltage (26 V), speed (4.65 mm/s) and electrode extension (30 mm) using CaO–MgO–CaF2–Al2O3 flux system. The results show that some of the individual flux ingredients and their binary mixtures have a predominant effect on weld-metal oxygen, manganese, silicon, sulphur, nickel and carbon content. The predicted results show a reasonably good agreement with the experimental results, which were obtained by performing the ac...

1785188378

Leadership development programs: investing in school principals

Educational Studies, 2017

Considering that some university-based principal preparation programmes may not be properly training principals for leadership roles, “grow your own” leadership development programmes have become more popular across the US. This study provides a contribution to previous research in terms of the specific components a district leadership development programme may incorporate into its curriculum in order to positively influence school principals’ effectiveness as school leaders. A purposeful sample of second-, third- and fourth-year campus principals working in a large urban school district in the south-west region of the US who had participated in their district’s leadership development programme were administered the Principal Effectiveness Survey and...

1785188378

HiTE: a fast and accurate dynamic boundary adjustment approach for full-length transposable element detection and annotation

Nat Commun, 2024

AbstractRecent advancements in genome assembly have greatly improved the prospects for comprehensive annotation of Transposable Elements (TEs). However, existing methods for TE annotation using genome assemblies suffer from limited accuracy and robustness, requiring extensive manual editing. In addition, the currently available gold-standard TE databases are not comprehensive, even for extensively studied species, highlighting the critical need for an automated TE detection method to supplement existing repositories. In this study, we introduce HiTE, a fast and accurate dynamic boundary adjustment approach designed to detect full-length TEs. The experimental results demonstrate that HiTE outperforms RepeatModeler2, the state-...

1785188377

Planetary wave-like oscillations in the ionosphere retrieved with a longitudinal chain of ionosondes at high northern latitudes

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 2018

This paper examines the influence of neutral dynamics on the high latitude ionosphere. Using a longitudinal chain of ionosondes at high northern latitudes ($52\,^{\circ}{\rm}$-$65\,^{\circ}{\rm}$N), planetary wave-like structures were observed in the spatial structure of the peak electron density in the ionosphere. Longitudinal wavenumbers S$_{0}$, S$_{1}$ and S$_{2}$ have been extracted from these variations of the F layer. The observed wave activity in wavenumber one and two does not show any significant correlation with indices of magnetic activity, suggesting that this is not the primary driver. In addition, the motion of the S$_{1}$ ionospheric wave structures parallels that of the S$_{1}$ planetary waves observed in the winds of the mesosphere-lower-th...

1785188377

Use of capacitors for reduction of commutation angle in static high-power convertors

Proc. Inst. Electr. Eng. UK, 1965

With the usual methods of connecting static capacitors as a reactive-power source on the primary or tertiary of a convertor transformer, their latent ability to produce a rapid discharge current, which will directly assist the commutation process and so reduce commutation angle, is not utilised. By connecting the capacitors to the secondary winding (valve winding) of the convertor transformer, appreciable reduction of commutation angle can be obtained, resulting in a saving in reactive-power consumption, which is particularly important in the case of invertor operation. Investigation shows that the connection of capacitors alone on the valve winding produces transient overvoltages, and that these can be eliminated by incorporating the capacitors in a suitabl...

1785188377

Synthesis and characterization of new bent-core liquid crystal with a ferroelectric-like switching / modified magnetite nanocomposite

Journal of Molecular Structure, 2020

A new bent-core liquid crystal (LC) compound 4-Cyano-1,3-phenylenebis[4-(4 - (S)- 2- Dodecyloxypropionyloxyphenoxycarbonyl)benzoate] ( CyPDB ) consisting of O-dodecyl lactate substituted terephthalate based rod-like units which were located at 1,3-positions of 4-cyanoresorcinol central unit has been synthesized and LC/1.0% modified Fe 3 O 4 nanocomposite has been prepared. The effects of being the doped with 1.0% modified Fe 3 O 4 (magnetite) nanoparticles on mesomorphic properties of the new bent-core liquid crystal, which exhibits an enantiotropic SmA phase with a ferroelectric-like switching, were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, optical polarizing microscopy and electro-optic studies. The surface of Fe 3 O 4 (magnetite) nanoparticles wa...

1785188377

Fascial plane mapping for superficial tumor resection in dogs. Part I: Neck and trunk

Veterinary Surgery, 2021

To provide qualitative fascial categories and classify the intersections of various fascial planes of the trunk of the dog to facilitate preoperative planning for superficial cancers.Qualitative anatomical study.Two male and three female mixed breed canine cadavers weighing approximately 15 to 35 kg.The skin and subcutaneous fat were excised. Fascial planes were incised and elevated to allow exploration of their quality and borders. Fascia was categorized as type I (discrete sheets), type II (tightly adhered to thin muscles), type III (tightly adhered to thick muscles), or type IV (associated with periosteum). Photographs of specimens were digitally modified with overlays to map tissue types.Differences between cadavers were largely associated with muscle ma...

1785188377

Work Satisfaction among Women in Nontraditional Occupations

Work and Occupations, 1982

This article describes sources of work satisfaction and dissatisfaction among a sample of 86 California women entering “nontraditional” (i.e., male-dominated) skilled and semiskilled occupations in 1975. Respondents were interviewed at that time, and again in 1976-1977. The data indicate that the challenge of surviving and succeeding in a nontraditional job—mastering skills, increasing self-confidence, and getting along with (often troublesome) male coworkers and supervisors—was the predominant concern of the respondents in the first year, and was their primary source of both satisfaction and dissatisfaction in their work. In contrast, those women who remained in a nontraditional job one year later had become less concerned with these aspects of the ...

1785188377

CORTICAL THINNING IN IBS: IMPLICATIONS FOR HOMEOSTATIC, ATTENTION, AND PAIN PROCESSING

Neurology, 2008

Chronic pain may be accompanied by abnormal functioning in pain, attention, or homeostatic systems. We recently identified abnormal rectal-evoked functional MRI responses in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in brain regions associated with such systems, including the insula and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC).1 However, it is not known whether structural brain abnormalities contribute to these responses. We tested the hypothesis that abnormal cortical responses in IBS are at least partly due to structural differences within the insula and ACC. ### Methods. Right-handed healthy control subjects (n = 11, 7 women, 4 men; 24 to 50 years old) and patients with IBS (n = 9, 6 women, 3 men; 30 to 58 years old) provided written consent to procedures appro...

1785188377

Cartilage-selective genes identified in genome-scale analysis of non-cartilage and cartilage gene expression

BMC Genomics, 2007

Abstract Background Cartilage plays a fundamental role in the development of the human skeleton. Early in embryogenesis, mesenchymal cells condense and differentiate into chondrocytes to shape the early skeleton. Subsequently, the cartilage anlagen differentiate to form the growth plates, which are responsible for linear bone growth, and the articular chondrocytes, which facilitate joint function. However, despite the multiplicity of roles of cartilage during human fetal life, surprisingly little is known about its transcriptome. To address this, a whole genome microarray expression profile was generated using RNA isolated from 18–22 week human distal femur fetal cartilage and compared with a database of control normal human tissues aggregated at UCLA, ter...

1785188377

Post-Cu CMP cleaning for colloidal silica abrasive removal

Microelectronic Engineering, 2004

In this study, an efficient approach for the removal of colloidal silica abrasives from the polished copper surface was proposed and demonstrated. This post-chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) cleaning process combines a buffing process with dilute HNO3/benzotriazole (BTA) aqueous solution for copper surface passivation and a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) brush scrubbing process with wetting surfactants, Triton X-100, for colloidal silica removal. Buffing with HNO3/BTA aqueous solution was able to remove copper oxide and form the Cu(I)–BTA hydrophobic passivation. Scrubbing with Triton X-100 surfactant is to enhance the wettability on Cu(I)–BTA surface for the removal of residual silica abrasives. The wetting ability of Triton X-100 was determined by a contact...

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B-cell depleting immunotherapies: therapeutic opportunities and toxicities

Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, 2019

Introduction: The last few years have witnessed what can certainly be defined as a ‘period of renaissance’ for immunotherapy in the field of hematological malignancies. In particular, antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immunotherapy have significantly changed the treatment approach of patients with B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. These therapies, initially employed in patients with refractory/relapsed disease, are now integrated in the treatment of newly diagnosed patients. Together with the therapeutic success, we have also learnt that these innovative therapies can induce relevant, sometimes life-threatening or even fatal, side effects.Areas covered: In this review article, we analyzed the applicative therapeutic scenario and the peculiar toxici...

1785188377

Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) of Metal Gates for CMOS

Applied Sciences, 2019

The continuous down-scaling of complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) field effect transistors (FETs) had been suffering two fateful technical issues, one relative to the thinning of gate dielectric and the other to the aggressive shortening of channel in last 20 years. To solve the first issue, the high-κ dielectric and metal gate technology had been induced to replace the conventional gate stack of silicon dioxide layer and poly-silicon. To suppress the short channel effects, device architecture had changed from planar bulk Si device to fully depleted silicon on insulator (FDSOI) and FinFETs, and will transit to gate all-around FETs (GAA-FETs). Different from the planar devices, the FinFETs and GAA-FETs have a 3D channel. The conventional high-κ/...

1785188377

Recombinant adenovirus expressing GP5 and M fusion proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus induce both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in mice

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 2006

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the most important contagious agents of swine in the world. PRRSV infection poses a challenge to current vaccination strategies. In this study, three replication-defective adenovirus recombinants were developed as potential vaccine against PRRSV in a mouse model. Three groups of BALB/c mice (24 mice per group) were inoculated subcutaneously twice at 2-week intervals with the recombinants expressing PRRSV GP5 (rAd-GP5), M (rAd-M), and M-GP5 fusion protein (rAd-M-GP5). Two additional groups were injected with wild-type adenovirus (wtAd) or PBS as control. The results showed that the mice inoculated with recombinant adenoviruses developed PRRSV-specific antibodies, cellular immune response by...

1785188377

Current Concepts on MRI Evaluation of Postoperative Knee Ligaments

Semin Musculoskelet Radiol, 2016

The growing number of patients undergoing arthroscopy or surgery of the knee for ligamentous injuries has led to a greater need for postoperative imaging because of poor outcome, recurrent symptoms, or a new injury. MRI is the most important imaging method when evaluating the postoperative knee. Radiologists should be familiar with the particular reconstruction technique applied to each examinee, know the spectrum of normal postoperative findings, recognize those findings that may be related to symptoms of failed reconstruction, as well as those lesions that are irrelevant to the previous surgery yet responsible for the new clinical symptoms. In view of the continually evolving surgical techniques, this review presents the current concepts of MRI evaluation ...

1785188376

Performance of building elements in spreading fires

Fire Safety Journal, 1977

Fermentation residues from biogas production are known as valuable organic fertilisers. This study deals with the effect of cattle slurry, co-digested cattle slurry, co-digested energy crops and mineral fertilisers on the activity and composition of soil microbiota. Furthermore, the effect of solid–liquid separation as a common pre-treatment of digestate was tested. The fertilising effects were analysed in an 8-week pot experiment on loamy sand using two crops, Amaranthus cruentus and Sorghum bicolor. Amaranth, as a crop with significantly higher P uptake, triggered stress for occurring soil microbes and thereby caused a reduction of microbial biomass C in the soil. Irrespective of the crop, microbial basal respiration and metabolic quotient were higher wi...

1785188376

Elite philanthropy in the United States and United Kingdom in the new age of inequalities

Int J Management Reviews, 2021

Elite philanthropy—voluntary giving at scale by wealthy individuals, couples and families—is intimately bound up with the exercise of power by elites. This theoretically oriented review examines how big philanthropy in the United States and United Kingdom serves to extend elite control from the domain of the economic to the domains of the social and political, and with what results. Elite philanthropy, we argue, is not simply a benign force for good, born of altruism, but is heavily implicated in what we call the new age of inequalities, certainly as consequence and potentially as cause. Philanthropy at scale pays dividends to donors as much as it brings sustenance to beneficiaries. The research contribution we make is fourfold. First, we demonstrate tha...

1785188376

Multi-criteria, multi-objective and uncertainty analysis for agro-energy spatial modelling

Applied Geography, 2012

The worldwide increase in the use of biomass as a Renewable Energy Source raises the issue of introducing crops dedicated to energy production into rural landscapes. The purpose of this paper is to set-up a GIS based multi-criteria approach to assess a range of possibilities for perennial energy crops conversion. The presented method was implemented at the regional level in the Yorkshire and the Humber Region in Northern UK. The first phase of the study aims to set-up a land capability model for the specific purpose of assessing the potential of different typologies of perennial energy crops, on the basis of specific pedo-climatic and topographic factors. The model output illustrates a range of potentials for energy crop conversion that can be explored in th...

1785188376

Holmium: YAG Laser and Its Use in the Treatment of Urolithiasis: Our First 160 Cases

Journal of Endourology, 1998

Over the course of 18 months, 160 patients underwent endoscopic holmium:YAG laser surgery at our institution for the treatment of urolithiasis. After appropriate consent had been obtained, 127 patients were treated for ureteral calculi, 18 for renal calculi, and 15 for large bladder stones. All procedures were performed using the VersaPulse combination holmium:YAG/Nd:YAG laser by Coherent Inc., and all were done endoscopically using video guidance. Of the 16 patients treated percutaneously for renal calculi, 5 were rendered stone free (mean stone size 3.5 cm). Two patients with renal calculi were treated in a retrograde fashion. One had a 1-cm stone in an upper-pole calix with a narrow infundibulum, while the other had a stone just proximal to the ureteropel...

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3D modeling by means of videogrammetry and laser scanners for reverse engineering

Measurement, 2016

The knowledge of the 3D geometry for reverse engineering studies is based on images and/or distances. The use of scanner laser has replaced the photogrammetry in the last decade, due to its easy handling and intensive data provided. However it requires multiple data captures, a subsequent filtering and a complex data processing, and its accuracy is highly dependent on the material. These limitations mean that many times it will not be the best option (in addition to its high cost). The videogrammetry is capable of generating a high number of images (which implies a high number of points) in a shorter time and regardless of the type of material. This paper analyses the accuracy of a new videogrammetric system respect to two scanner lasers. Results obtained ce...

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Evaluation and optimisation of indel detection workflows for ion torrent sequencing of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes

BMC Genomics, 2014

The Ion Torrent PGM is a popular benchtop sequencer that shows promise in replacing conventional Sanger sequencing as the gold standard for mutation detection. Despite the PGM's reported high accuracy in calling single nucleotide variations, it tends to generate many false positive calls in detecting insertions and deletions (indels), which may hinder its utility for clinical genetic testing.Recently, the proprietary analytical workflow for the Ion Torrent sequencer, Torrent Suite (TS), underwent a series of upgrades. We evaluated three major upgrades of TS by calling indels in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Our analysis revealed that false negative indels could be generated by TS under both default calling parameters and parameters adjusted for maximum sensitiv...

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Time trends and age-period-cohort analysis of cervical cancer mortality rate in Brazil

Journal of Cancer Policy, 2020

Cervical cancer (CC) is a common preventable and curable disease that may lead to death. Our aim was to describe the patterns of time trends in CC mortality rates among women in Brazil from 1980 to 2017, and identify the influence of age, period and birth cohort (APC) stratified by region (North NR, Northeast NER, Southeast SER, South SR, Center-Western region CWR).We performed a time-series analysis using secondary data bases. Crude (MR) and WHO age-standardized CC mortality rates (aMR) were estimated per 100,000 women. We evaluated time trends using permutation joinpoint regression models (JP) and APC models to estimate the effect of APC on MR.The JP analysis showed a temporal decrease in all regions, except the NR, which had an annual percentage increase ...

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Effects of diphenyl ether herbicides on porphyrin accumulation by cultured hepatocytes

J. Biochem. Toxicol., 1992

Several diphenyl ether herbicides, such as acifluorfen methyl, have been previously shown to cause large accumulations of the heme and chlorophyll precursor, protoporphyrin, in plants. Light-induced herbicidal damage is mediated by the photoactive porphyrin. Here we investigate whether diphenyl ether herbicides can affect porphyrin synthesis in rat and chick hepatocytes. In rat hepatocyte cultures, protoporphyrin, as well as coproporphyrin, accumulated after treatment with acifluorfen or acifluorfen methyl. Combination of acifluorfen methyl with an esterase inhibitor to prevent the conversion of acifluorfen methyl to acifluorfen resulted in a greater accumulation of porphyrins than caused by acifluorfen methyl or acifluorfen alone. In vitro enzyme studies of...

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Kinetic Modeling of n-Butane Cracking on HZSM-5 Zeolite Catalyst

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2010

A kinetic model of lumps has been established for n-butane cracking over HZSM-5 zeolite catalyst (SiO2/Al2O3 = 30) in the 400−550 °C range, based on the results obtained in a fixed bed reactor (space time, up to 2.4 (g of catalyst) h (mol CH2)−1; He/n-butane molar ratio in the feed, up to 6/1; time on stream, 5 h). The model allows quantifying the distribution of the lumps of products (C2−C4 olefins, C2−C4 paraffins, methane, and C5−C10 components) in a wide range of temperatures, partial pressures of hydrocarbons in the reaction medium, and space times. The kinetic model steps for the transformation of n-butane into olefins and of olefins into paraffins and C5−C10 are second order with respect to the reactant, whereas the remaining steps are fi...

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AML-437: Survival of Patients with Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia in a University Hospital in Colombia

Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma and Leukemia, 2021

Context: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common acute leukemia in adults. Objective: To determine the OS of patients diagnosed with AML according to the type of AML, de novo (n-AML) or secondary (s-AML), in the Clinica Foscal, a university hospital in Colombia during 2013–2020. Results: A total of 157 patients were registered; 50.3% were male; the median age at the time of diagnosis was 58.8 years (range: 18–95); for n-AML median age was 57.4 years (range: 18–95), and 62.3 years (range: 26–84) for s-AML. Regarding the etiology of AML, 75.2% presented n-AML and 24.8% s-AML, distributed as follows: 23.1% secondary to chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms, 10.3% to therapy, and 4% to myelodysplasia. In patients with n-AML, 74.3% were classified ...

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Symbolic interaction theory

Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2009

The aim of this study is to explain symbolic interaction theory. Symbolic interaction is one of the several theories in the social sciences. According to this theory, people live both in the natural and the symbolic environment. Symbolic interaction is a process that is enlivened the reciprocal meaning and values by aid of the symbols in the mind. Meanings constitute of reciprocal interaction between persons. Objects don’t have meaning on their own. But objects get their meanings from the social actors. Consequently symbolic interaction is a process of “interpretation of the action”. Dewey, Cooley, Mead, Blumer and several other theorists attribute to this theory. Although all of them explain the certain aspects of human behavior, they all differ among...

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A NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF SWIRLING FLOW PNEUMATIC CONVEYING IN A HORIZONTAL PIPELINE

Particulate Science and Technology, 2000

ABSTRACT A numerical simulation for swirling and axial flow pneumatic conveying in a horizontal pipe was carried out with a Eulerian approach for the gas phase and a stochastic Lagrangian approach for particle phase, where particle-particle and particle-wall collisions were taken into consideration. The k-ϵ turbulence model is used to characterize the time and length scales of the gas-phase turbulence. Models are proposed for predicting the particle source and additional pressure loss. The numerical results are presented for polyethylene pellets of 3.1 mm diameter conveyed through a pipeline of 13 m in length with an inner diameter of 80 mm, solid mass flow rate was 0.084 kg/s, and gas velocity was varied from 10 m/s to 18 m/s. The particle flow patterns, t...

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Contour Management of Implant Restorations for Optimal Emergence Profiles: Guidelines for Immediate and Delayed Provisional Restorations

Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent, 2020

Adequate management of the implant-supported restoration has become an important task when trying to obtain optimal esthetic outcomes. The transgingival area must be developed to maintain or influence the final appearance of the peri-implant soft tissues. Two distinct zones within the implant abutment/crown can be identified: the critical contour and the subcritical contour. Their design and subsequent alteration may impact the peri-implant soft tissue architecture, including the gingival margin level and zenith, labial alveolar profile, and gingival color. Defining these two areas helps clarify how to process soft tissue contours and may additionally improve the necessary communication with the laboratory. Since there are many protocols for placing implants...

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Management of bloating

Neurogastroenterology Motil, 2022

Abstract Abdominal bloating is a subjective sensation of trapped abdominal gas, producing abdominal pressure, fullness sensation, and, in some patients, associated objective abdominal distension. In this month's edition of the journal, a new validated questionnaire to assess the prevalence and impact of gas‐related symptoms is presented by Duracinsky et al., showing that gas‐related abdominal symptoms are prevalent in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and have a measurable impact on patients daily life. A parallel study by Gardiner et al. assessing the severity of bloating in functional gastrointestinal disorders shows that severe bloating is associated with the severity of abdominal pain, constipation, and somatization, advancing our understanding ...

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Drug-coated balloon treatment for lower extremity vascular disease intervention: an international positioning document

Eur Heart J, 2015

The advent of drug-coated balloons (DCBs) provides a novel means to locally deliver paclitaxel into the arterial wall without the need of a chronically implanted delivery system. The widespread use of these devices in the clinical arena is contemporary with the introduction and adoption of paclitaxel eluting stents for peripheral vascular intervention. However, DCB remain highly attractive approach as the long-term consequences of permanent metallic implants in peripheral applications are still unknown. Notably, the clinical value of DCB is supported by robust pre-clinical evidence regarding safety and efficacy. Likewise, the clinical value of DCB in patients has also been demonstrated by multiple randomized clinical trials in the superficial femoral artery ...

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Differences in the A?40/A?42 ratio associated with cerebrospinal fluid lipoproteins as a function of apolipoprotein E genotype

Ann Neurol., 2000

The ε4 allele of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). ApoE, which is important for lipid metabolism, is also a major constituent of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lipoproteins (LPs). Although ApoE in the CSF is derived from the central nervous system, the relation between LP metabolism in plasma and CSF is not clear. Soluble amyloid-β (Aβ) protein may normally be associated with CSF LPs. It is converted in AD to a fibrillar form in brain parenchyma. ApoE and CSF LPs may regulate this process. The purpose of this study was to characterize CSF LPs from healthy, cognitively normal, fasted, elderly individuals at different risk for AD based on ApoE genotype. Lipid composition of CSF LPs did not differ with ApoE genotype. Interesti...

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Exogenous nerve growth factor supplementation elevates myocardial immunoreactivity and attenuates cardiac remodeling in pressure-overload rats

ABBS, 2012

It is postulated that supplementation of exogenous nerve growth factor (NGF) might mediate improvement of the cardiac sympathetic nerve function in heart failure (HF). Local intramuscular injection of NGF near the cardiac sympathetic ganglia could influence the innervation pattern, norepinephrine transporter (NET) gene expression, and improve the cardiac remodeling in experimental HF animals. In this study, we injected NGF into the scalenus medius muscles of Sprague-Dawley rats with abdominal aortic constriction (AC). The nerve innervated pattern, left ventricular morphology, and function following injection in rats with AC were investigated respectively by immunohistochemistry and echocardiography. Levels of mRNA expression of NET, growth associated protein...

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Dementia praecox to schizophrenia: The first 100 years

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 1999

The historical roots of dementia praecox and schizophrenia are described in the context of current nosology and continuing controversies surrounding this nosology. Relevant books and journal articles were reviewed. The information was obtained through computer searches and cross-references from previously published papers. If English translations of foreign language articles were available, they were used; if not, the cross-references were consulted. The psychoses have existed as diagnostic categories from ancient times although their names have changed. Initially, these disorders were considered diseases of the brain, a concept that was swept aside in the United States, influenced by European-derived psychodynamic theories. American clinicians and investiga...

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Climate change: comparative impact on developing and developed countries

Engineering Project Organization Journal, 2011

Government organizations are responsible for strategic decisions regarding the economic development of individual countries and regional areas. This decision-making process is influenced by the certainty of the information presented to government officials. One area where this decision-making influence is challenging government officials is in climate-based events. The past decade has witnessed a significant rise in the number of climate events, as well as the number of people affected by climate events. Far from being under control, evidence and long-term projections suggest that these events are climate-based rather than weather-based. In these projections, climate change is a global issue with potential impacts for every country. However, the relative imp...

1785188374

Linking People With Traumatic Brain Injury to Services

Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 2005

People with traumatic brain injury (TBI)-related disability often need services and other types of support to return to productive lives; thus, improving access to available TBI services is a priority for a variety of states' agencies, such as Human Services and Public Health. Although infrastructure and resources vary from state to state, each can benefit by learning about how other states link people with TBI to services. In this report, we summarize Colorado's experience in exploring and developing better ways to link state residents with TBI to services. Recommendations for improving the system of linking people to services in Colorado included the following: (1) expanding the population targeted for linkage to services beyond those who are hospitalized;...

1785188374

Prognostic Role of the Histologic Subtypes of Renal Cell Carcinoma after Slide Revision

European Urology, 2006

To evaluate concordance, using the kappa statistic, between tumour histotypes assigned at initial diagnosis and those after slide revision, and to assess the independent predictive value of reviewed tumour histotype.We analysed records of 491 patients who had undergone partial or radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in our department from 1986 to 2000. Pathologic slides were reviewed by one uropathologist blinded to original diagnoses and follow-up data, who reassigned histologic subtype and nuclear grades.Concordance between original and reviewed histotypes was substantial (kappa = 0.52). Data were affected by the year of initial diagnosis: Concordance was moderate (kappa = 0.43) in patients treated from 1986 to 1997 and substantial (kappa = 0...

1785188374

The therapeutic potential of human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells combined with pharmacologically active microcarriers transplanted in hemi-parkinsonian rats

Biomaterials, 2011

Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) raise great interest for brain cell therapy due to their ease of isolation from bone marrow, their immunomodulatory and tissue repair capacities, their ability to differentiate into neuronal-like cells and to secrete a variety of growth factors and chemokines. In this study, we assessed the effects of a subpopulation of human MSCs, the marrow-isolated adult multilineage inducible (MIAMI) cells, combined with pharmacologically active microcarriers (PAMs) in a rat model of Parkinson's disease (PD). PAMs are biodegradable and non-cytotoxic poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres, coated by a biomimetic surface and releasing a therapeutic protein, which acts on the cells conveyed on their surface and on their micro...

1785188374

Modelling of dam failure-induced flows over movable beds considering turbulence effects

Computers & Fluids, 2018

Abstract Waves induced due to partial dam failure in the suddenly enlarged section over a mobile bed are simulated. TVD-WAF scheme combined with HLLC scheme is deployed as a second-order approximate Riemann solver for solving shallow water equations in conjunction with Exner equation. Also, an approach for considering turbulence effects is used based on Boussinesq's turbulent viscosity hypothesis. In the present model, five different bed load movement formulations are used for comparative evaluation of bed load movement. The present model applied for modelling two laboratory tests for dam failure on mobile beds. According to the results of the evaluation, the numerical results of the Ribberink formulation and the Wong and Parker formulation are better than t...

1785188374

An efficient Bayesian uncertainty quantification approach with application to k-ω-γ transition modeling

Computers & Fluids, 2018

An efficient Bayesian uncertainty quantification approach is proposed, which combines the adaptive high dimensional model representation technique (HDMR) and stochastic collocation (SC) method based generalized polynomial chaos (gPC) to construct the surrogate for sampling procedure in Bayesian calibration step. Specifically, the adaptive HDMR technique is used to decompose the original high dimensional problems into several lower-dimensional subproblems, which are subsequently solved with the gPC-based SC method. Then the Bayesian calibration and prediction are carried out with the so-constructed surrogate model. A new indicator based on the variance of the corresponding component function is employed to identify the important components of the HDMR, instea...

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Prevalence of smoking and environmental tobacco smoke exposure, and attitudes and beliefs towards tobacco control among Hong Kong medical students

Public Health, 2009

To investigate the prevalence of active smoking and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure among medical students in Hong Kong, and their attitudes and beliefs towards tobacco control.A cross-sectional survey with a self-administrated questionnaire.All medical students from a university in Hong Kong were invited to participate in this survey and completed structured questionnaires. Descriptive data analyses were performed.In total, 313 medical students participated in this study (response rate 44.7%). Only 7.2% [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.3-10.1] reported having ever smoked and 0.7% (95% CI 0-1.6%) were current smokers. ETS exposure at home was reported by 19.3% (95% CI 14.9-23.8) of students, but the proportion of ETS exposure in public places was m...

1785188373

Kinetics of heterogeneous free‐radical polymerization of vinylidene chloride

J. Polym. Sci. A‐1 Polym. Chem., 1971

Poly(vinylidene chloride) precipitates as a crystalline phase during the polymerization reaction. Under the conditions studied, this phase is made up of complex particles with a lamellar substructure. The detailed morphology is very sensitive to reaction medium. The morphology developed by particles formed during polymerization of vinylidene chloride in dioxane suggests a mechanism of polymerization followed by crystallization. The morphology observed in mass polymerization suggests that both processes occurs simultaneously. Kinetic data, however, suggest a solid-phase reaction mechanism for both cases. The results are analyzed by comparison with a model that takes into account the solid-phase morphology. The theoretical analysis is consistent with experimen...

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Use of Geographic Information Systems for Planning HIV Prevention Interventions for High-Risk Youths

Am J Public Health, 2007

Geographic information system (GIS) analysis is an emerging tool for public health intervention planning. Connect to Protect, a researcher–community collaboration working in 15 cities to reduce HIV infection among youths, developed GIS databases of local health, crime, and demographic data to evaluate the geographic epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections and HIV risk among adolescents. We describe the process and problems of data acquisition, analysis, and mapping in the development of structural interventions, demonstrating how program planners can use this technology to inform and improve planning decisions. The Connect to Protect project’s experience suggests strategies for incorporating public data and GIS technology into the next generation...

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Engineering Selective Desalination Membranes via Molecular Control of Polymer Functional Groups

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett., 2019

Membrane-based desalination processes are used widely to address increasing global demand for purified water. To continue to meet increasing demand, advanced and highly selective desalination membranes are needed to effectively and efficiently purify water that is increasingly contaminated and saline. A general lack of fundamental structure–property relationships frustrates the development of these membranes. Advanced polymer synthesis capabilities that enable increasingly precise molecular control over the position of functional groups on a polymer backbone could be instrumental in engineering advanced desalination membranes, but little is known about how the position of functional groups influences water and salt transport properties. In this study, we p...

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Association between baseline neutrophil count, clopidogrel therapy, and clinical and angiographic outcomes in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction receiving fibrinolytic therapy

European Heart Journal, 2008

To investigate the association between neutrophil count, outcomes, and benefit of clopidogrel therapy in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Baseline neutrophil count was measured in 2865 patients in CLARITY-TIMI 28, a randomized trial of clopidogrel vs. placebo in STEMI patients undergoing fibrinolysis. Angiography was performed at 2–8 days following enrolment. Analyses were adjusted for demographics, time from symptom onset, Killip class, peak CK-MB, and therapies received. A baseline neutrophil count in the highest quartile was independently associated with the risk of cardiovascular (CV) death [adj (adjusted) OR (odds ratio) 5.8, P < 0.001] and congestive heart failure (adj OR 3.0, P = 0.009) at 30 days. Patients with higher neutrophil counts w...

1785188373

Malassezia: A Commensal, Pathogen, and Mutualist of Human and Animal Skin

Annu. Rev. Microbiol., 2022

Identified in the late nineteenth century as a single species residing on human skin, Malassezia is now recognized as a diverse genus comprising 18 species inhabiting not only skin but human gut, hospital environments, and even deep-sea sponges. All cultivated Malassezia species are lipid dependent, having lost genes for lipid synthesis and carbohydrate metabolism. The surging interest in Malassezia results from development of tools to improve sampling, culture, identification, and genetic engineering, which has led to findings implicating it in numerous skin diseases, Crohn disease, and pancreatic cancer. However, it has become clear that Malassezia plays a multifaceted role in human health, with mutualistic activity in atopic dermatitis and a preventive ef...

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An Eulerian stochastic field cavitation model coupled to a pressure based solver

Computers & Fluids, 2018

Probability density functions (PDF) and the relevant methods have been widely used to describe non-linear phenomena in the realm of turbulence modelling and CFD. In order to solve PDF transport equations, the main trend of previous studies rely on Monte Carlo method with Lagrangian particle tracking. However, as with any Lagrangian based approach, the scalability of the parallelized simulations of such method is less than satisfactory. An Eulerian stochastic field model has been presented recently by Dumond et al. [1] to simulate cavitating flows. Their model uses a fully compressible density based solver. Here we present an adapted version using an iso-thermal cavitation model adopting the homogeneous mixture assumption in a pressure based flow solver which...

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Adipose Tissue Cellularity and Growth Characteristics of Unselected and Selected Broilers: Implications for the Development of Body Fat

Poultry Science, 1986

Chicks from large and small eggs were used to increase body weight range within samples of unselected Athens-Canadian (AC) and commercial Cobb (C) broilers. At 54 days of age, representatives of each sex and broiler stock obtained from the large and small eggs were killed. Indices of whole body, muscle, fat, and bone growth were taken. Samples of abdominal fat were fixed with osmium tetroxide for electronic quantification of adipocyte number and size distribution. Broiler stock, egg size, and sex affected all indices of muscle and bone growth on an absolute basis, but only broiler stock significantly affected abdominal fat pad development. Muscle and fat weight, expressed as a proportion of body weight, were larger in C broilers. Abdominal adipocyte number w...

1785188373

An improved divergence-free-condition compensated method for solving incompressible flows on collocated grids

Computers & Fluids, 2018

Abstract A collocated incompressible Navier–Stokes equations solver, which is based on an improved version of the divergence-free-condition compensated (DFC) method, is proposed in this paper. In order to avoid the difficulty and complexity of calculating the DFC source terms, an alternative procedure is proposed. In the present paper, the newly proposed IDFC source terms are derived through the following two steps: (1) solve the momentum equation on the cell-face in an approximated sense; (2) solve the momentum equation on the cell-center using the corresponding equations obtained from step (1). By this consistent treatment, the present method can avoid the odd-even decoupling problem, as well as the time-step-size dependent problem. For the sake of calcu...

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Elevated prevalence of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii with extensive genetic diversity in the largest burn centre of northeast Iran

Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance, 2017

The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii isolates is now frequently associated with nosocomial infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic relatedness and patterns of antimicrobial resistance amongst A. baumannii isolated from a burn centre at a teaching hospital in Iran. A total of 54 A. baumannii isolates were collected from burn wound infections of hospitalised patients. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was determined, and genotyping analysis was performed by repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (rep-PCR). PCR assay was performed to investigate the distribution of β-lactamase, aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme and efflux pump genes. Etest results revealed that the most active antimicrobial...

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Isolation and characterization of SSE1 and SSE2, new members of the yeast HSP70 multigene family

Gene, 1993

Two new members of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae heat-shock protein 70 multigene (HSP70) family were isolated from a yeast expression library using antisera made against a yeast calmodulin-binding fraction. They are designated as SSE1 and SSE2, because their predicted amino acid (aa) sequences are highly homologous to each other (76% identical), and share homology with known members of the yeast HSP70 multigene family, but their homologies (13 to 28% identity) are not high enough to place them in known subfamilies. SSE1 and SSE2 are thought to encode polypeptides of 693 aa with calculated Mrs of 77 408 and 77 619, respectively. The SSE1 mRNAs were moderately abundant during steady-state growth at 23°C, and increased a few-fold upon upshift to 37°C. SSE2 mRN...

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Boundary for aviation bearing accelerated life test based on quasi-dynamic analysis

Tribology International, 2017

Full-scale bearing accelerated life test experiment is an effective way to achieve the demand of modern aero-engine bearing. However, its premise is how to determine the boundary reasonably. In this study, the factors leading bearing abnormal failure are presented by the fault tree analysis. Then, the boundary conditions of aero-engine bearing are analysed by the quasi-dynamic method. The relationship between status parameters associated with failure modes (such as lubricating oil film thickness, etc.) and working parameters (such as rotation speed, external load) is discussed. It revealed the interrelation between practical working condition and status parameters in graphical form. The analysis provided theoretical bases for the choice of working parameters...

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158 INTEGRATED CONCENTRATION OF PLASMA CORTISOL LEVEL IN ASTHMATIC CHILDREN TREATED WITH LONG TERM INHALED STEROIDS

Pediatr Res, 1988

To assess the effect of long term therapy with inhaled beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) on the pituitary-adrenal axis we measured the integrate concentration of plasma Cortisol level (ICPCL) in 8 asthmatic children (aged 6-16 yrs) who received BDP doses of 200-600 μg/d for 6-48 mos. Controls were 4 children (aged 6-16 yrs) whose ICPCL measured for other reasons were normal. All patients did not receive any oral steroids during the 3 months prior to the study. The ICPCL was determined using a portable withdrawal pump to enable continuous blood specimen collection (every 1/2h) for 24 h. mean ICPCL. Mean ICPCL of the asthmatic children on long term BDP therapy was significantly low (4.9 ± 3-3 μg%, mean±S.D.) as compared to the healthy controls (8.7±2 μg%...

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Twinning SENAMHI and MeteoSwiss to co-develop climate services for the agricultural sector in Peru

Climate Services, 2020

The development and dissemination of weather and climate information is crucial to improve people’s resilience and adaptability to climate variability and change. The impacts of climate variability and change are generally stronger for disadvantaged population groups due to their limited adaptive and coping capacities. For instance, smallholder farmers living in remote areas such as the southern Peruvian Andes suffer strongly from adverse weather and climatic events such as droughts or frost. The project Climandes aimed at providing high-quality climate services in support of the agricultural sector in southern Peru by implementing the guidelines of the Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS). In Climandes, a two-fold challenge was tackled: the co-dev...

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Energy Band Structure of Lithium by the Tight-Binding Method

Phys. Rev., 1966

The energy band structure of lithium has been calculated by the tight-binding method. The crystal potential used in the Hamiltonian is the "muffin-tin" version of the Seitz potential. Bloch functions are constructed from the $1s$, $2s$, and $2p$ Hartree-Fock functions of the free atom and are used to set up the secular equation for the energy of a given point in the Brillouin zone. The matrix elements may be expressed as the sums over the crystal lattice points of a series of multicenter integrals with varying distances between the centers of the two atomic orbitals. For the majority of the matrix elements, in order to achieve convergence, all the integrals for which the two centers are separated by less than six times the lattice constant must be included. ...

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The state of the onion: Grammatical aspect modulates object representation during event comprehension

Cognition, 2021

The present ERP study assessed whether grammatical aspect is used as a cue in online event comprehension, in particular when reading about events in which an object is visually changed. While perfective aspect cues holistic event representations, including an event's endpoint, progressive aspect highlights intermediate phases of an event. In a 2 × 3 design, participants read SVO sentences describing a change-of-state event (e.g., to chop an onion), with grammatical Aspect manipulated (perfective “ chopped ” vs progressive “ was chopping ”). Thereafter, they saw a Picture of an object either having undergone substantial state-change (SC; a chopped onion), no state-change (NSC; an onion in its original state) or an unrelated object (U; a cactus, actin...

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Two Techniques for the Preparation of Cell-Scaffold Constructs Suitable for Sinus Augmentation: Steps into Clinical Application

Tissue Engineering, 2006

The objective of this clinical trial was the analysis of 2 methods for engineering of autologous bone grafts for maxillary sinus augmentation with secondary implant placement. Group 1 (8 patients, 12 sinuses): cells of mandibular periosteum were cultured in a good manufacturing practice laboratory (2 weeks) with autologous serum and then transferred onto a collagen matrix. After another week, these composites were transplanted into the sinuses. In group 2A (2 patients, 3 sinuses), cells of maxillary bone were cultivated with autologous serum for 2 weeks, seeded onto natural bone mineral (NBM, diameter [Ø] = 8 mm) blocks, and cultivated for another 1.5 months. These composites were transplanted into the sinuses. Group 2B (control, 3 patients, 5 sinuses) rece...

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