Conflict: Definition
Peace and conflict research assume that
a) conflicts are the expression of opposing interests
b) that they are characteristic for modern societies
c) that they are endemic in modern societies
A conflict exists when two people wish to carry out acts which are
mutually  inconsistent.   They  may  both  want  to  do  the  same  thing,
such as eat the same apple, or they may want to do different things
where the different things are mutually incompatible, such as when
they both want to stay together but one wants to go to the cinema
and  the  other  to  stay  at   home.   A conflict   is  resolved  when  some
mutually compatible set of actions is worked out. The definition of
conflict can be extended from individuals to groups (such as states
or   nations),   and  more   than  two  parties   can  be   involved  in  the
conflict.   The   principles   remain   the   same.(!."icholson#
$ationality and the Analysis of %nternational &onflict. '(()#'')
Contrary to earlier expectations, the
analysis
prevention
management,  or
resolution
of conflicts does not aim at the elimination of conflict, and even
less at the elimination of opposing interests. Its aim is the search
for  such  forms  of  conflict   behaviour  which  allow  a  nonviolent
handling   of   interest   oppositions   in   an   orderly,   prearranged
process,     the  course  and  result  of  which  will  be  accepted  by  all
parties involved
 be   it   out   of   wellunderstood,   rationally
calculated selfinterest
 be it out of respect for the !shadow of the
future", i.e. the ex
pectation of a retaliatory action of the other side  if one dis
appoints   its   expectations   #the   principle   of   every  deterrence
strategy).