FLUTE (ATS, Adjust with the head joint. In most cases, the flute is proportioned so that it will play in tune when the head joint is pulled out about one eighth of an inch. gv vi =e t ia 17 millimeters from center of embouchure hole. ~ If the cork is set closer to the hole the pitch will be raised slightly in the high register and lowered slightly in the lower register, - If the cork is set farther from the embouchure hole, it will lower the pitch somewhat in the top octave and raise it somewhat in the lower. Cork Adjustment Dynamics > Crescendos have a tendency to blow sharp - To correct: as air velocity increases, direct more of the air stream into the hole. + Diminuendos may biow flat - To conect: As air velocity diminishes, direct more of the air stream across the hole, Playing Position - If the embouchure plate is too high on the lip the pitch may become sharp. + If the embouchure plate is too low on the lip the pitch may become flat. - A slouched body position and/or poor breath support will probably cause flatness. >. Tilting the head up or down may cause flatness or sharpness. Embouchure & Correction ~ Generally the flutist that plays flat is blowing down at too great an angle and is covering too much of the embouchure hole, - Generally the flutist who is playing sharp is blowing too much across and covering too little of the hole. ~ Pitch may be raised by adjusting the lips and/or jaw forward, allowing for directing more air across the hole. - Pitch may be lowered by adjusting the lips and/or jaw backward, directing more air into the hole. > Lip movement should be considered for smaller adjustments. - Jaw movement should be considered for greater adjustmentsFLUTE Possible Adjustments for Selected Pitch Tendencies Before adjusting always check the head joint with a tuning rod so that the mark on the tuning rod is exactly in the cemer of the embouchure hole. Don't use too much left hand pressure as this causes flatness. Usually flat - Be careful to keep the head up and listen carefully. Extremely sharp - This note may be lowered by adding 2nd and 3rd fingers of each hand. Flat - Both notes have a tendency to be flat - keep the head up and increase breath pressure. Relax the left hand so excessive pressure is not used. If necessary, add the 2nd trill key to raise the pitch. Flat - Add the 2nd trill key in the right hand just below the 2nd finger to raise this note, Flat - Add the Ist trill key in the right hand to raise this note, Sometimes flat and not secure - Finger a 4th space E and raise the left hand thumb for a secure note that will sound the upper C. Usually flat - Keep the head up and listen carefully. Very sharp - To lower the note the best sound is to roll the flute in, This pitch can be fingered the same as the 4th space Eb if the player is immature and you still get the note in tune. (Expert flute instructors would probably shudder at this fingering.) Sharp - Use thumb 1,36 and both trill keysFLUTE (Continued) Possible Adjustments for Selected Pitch Tendencies: Sharp - Lower this note by not using the Eb key in the fingering. Sharp - Add the 3rd finger of the right hand to lower the pitch, Usually this adjustment is made only for full ensemble playing. If you want to lower the pitch, direct the air downward. Sharp - Finger this note with the 2nd finger of the right hand rather than the 3rd finger. Sharp - Add the 2nd and 3rd finger of the right hand to lower the pitch. Very sharp - Add 2nd and 3rd finger of the right hand to lower the pitch and give the note a better response. Flat - Be sure the fingering is correct. Finger with left hand thumb but no Ist finger in left hand, and right hand Ist finger and Ist trill key but no Eb key. Sharp - If you have a French model, you can half-hole the Sth finger or add the thumb.FLUTE/PICCOLO TUNING GUIDE Procedures for Tuning the Instrument 1, Warm up thoroughly before tuning. 2, Tune at a mezzo-forte dynamic level and do not use vibrato. 3, Tune to a reliable frequency (electronic tuner, etc) using the recommended tuning note(s) below. 4, Do not humor the tuning note; play it siraight. Adjust the head joint ifthe pitch is sharp or flat Basic TUNING NoTE(s) ‘Tuning pitches are indicated with half notes; quarter note pitches are used to help “groove” the tuning note by approaching it from below. mae Pan Concert Bor A Tuning Mechanism: Head Joint, Pull out the head joint ifthe pitch is sharp; push it in f the pitch is flat ‘Note: The head joint has an adjustable tuning plug at the closed end. The exact location of this plug is critical for good tuning and intonation. To check the placement of the plug, carefully insert the bottom end of the cleaning rod into the open end of the head joint until it touches the stopper. The etched line on the cleaning rod should appear exactly in the center of the tone hole. (sr If the plug needs to be moved outward (away from the open end), tighten down on the threaded cap. To ‘move the plug toward the open end, loosen the cap and push in. It is best to seek professional guidance ‘when adjusting the tuning plug, Once the plug is properly adjusted, it should not be moved. ‘Techniques for Adjusting Pitches While Playing 1. Rolling the Tone Hole 2. Alternate Fingerings 3. Combinations of the Above INHERENT INTONATION FLAWS* _-2 a) = by ae LS | el T 7 ‘a) These notes are usually sharp, especially the C sharps, Roll the tone hole inward to lower the pitches. 'b) The low register tends to be flat and the high register tends to be sharp. For the low notes roll the tone hole outward to counteract the tendency to play flat. For the high note try alternate fingerings or rll the tone hole inward. The primary causes of poor intonation in extreme register playing on flute and piccolo are inadequate breath support, a poorly formed embouchure, and poor listening habits. "Arrows pointing up indict tht the noes fd fo be shar: arrsos pointing down dct hat the ote tend to Be lePitch Tendencies & Adjustments Flute (Notes not addressed are generally acceptable) V=very 1/2H = half-hole oe oefe Pitch Tendency F Ss vs. F F F Adjustment Direct air Add Ird finger Add all3 fingers of Add top right V/2H 3ed finger Add tower right flow upwards oflefthandand righthand or use hand ill key of right hand hand trill key RT2 direct air down low C# fingering, 1/2 open RT! Direct aie down F s vs F s F L2H sight Add 3rd finger Add all 3 fingers ‘U2 left Donotuse Use low C# (RP2) hand Ist finger oflefthand of righthand, hand 3rdfinger Eb key RPI. in place of Eb (RPI) Direct airdown Direct air down e Note: Could be high Note: Could be high ‘or low depending on or low depending on instrument instrument. SueeoF Ss FE s s F Useright Uselow Add 2nd & Sad ‘Add right hand Use thumb, Land Useall4 Useall 4 hhand 2nd C# (RP2) finger of. 3rd finger and use _—-L3 of lefthand, RTI, fingers of of left, 1 finger to inplace of | sight hand low C# (RP2) 10 RT2and RPI of right lefthand, 3 and C replace right Eb(RPI) replace Eb(RP1) hand. Many alternates st & half key of band 3rd exist. Experiment on hole 2nd of righ. your instrument. right hand (No thumb for either)Flute © Ol dlologs =FLUTE/PICCOLO INTONATION CHART Name Date Instrument Make and Model Carefully follow the procedures outlined in the Tuning Guide for your instrument before beginning to chart, your intonation with a friend. Your teacher should provide an Intonation Charting Guidesheet with instruc tions on how to use an electronic tuner. Mark intonation discrepancies for lower octave scales below the staff. Tuning Notes se FlutePiccolo - of Concer Bora T check Octves Chromatic Scale ‘Major Scales Harmonie Minor Seales = : o be — = Pitch Tendencies of Dynamics a nn a