Practice test Reading and Use of English Part 1 For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D} best fits each gap. There is an ‘example at the beginning (0), Example o A in Boat © under D with ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. Making the most of your time Nowadays we ere al (0). wuler pressure to increase the amount of work we can achieve in the ‘Shortest possible time. (1)________ ofthis we may spend time fooking (@)___ short-cut in our working ves. However, many of theso time-saving measures may ectvaly cause more problems than they Bo. ‘Some organisations seem to expect their eta to work more than the usual eight oF nine hours, without recognising the {oct that tiredness causes people to (¢).___eily mistakes. We alltendto (6) _____ those \who can muittask because we think they are working hard ~ but do all the electronic gadgets they use make them mare efcint in the long (6) 7 Ws possible they actually dstract them from the task (7). and lead to aloss of concentration. So maybe (6)... avery email or answering ‘every mobile phone cal immectately is not the most efficient use cf our time. 1A Asaresult B Therefore © Owing D Due 2 A through Bot © for Din 3A answer B soe © explain D settle 4 Ado B get © make D have 5 A lookupto B getthrough to © catch up with D gout with 6 A walk Bonn © race D hike 7A innand Bon hana © bynand with hand 8 A Akeepingin Betting out © taking on 1D. dealing withPart 2 For questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in ‘each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). \Wte your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. Example (o]_[FlolR Can you give a dog a yawn? Everyone who has sat (0)__ fir ages in @ doctor's wating room knows. yawring is infectious ~ once one person yawns, ‘everyone stars Bu did you know dogs can eaten yawns too? When twenty-nine cogs were placed n aoom wih a man (9)... was yawning, ‘twenty-one of them also yawned. To see (10). ths was @ genuine response by the dogs, researchers then put (11) ‘arom wit aman puling cflerert facial expressions. Nothing other (12)... yawning provoked any reaction fram the anil. ‘But why dove anyone yawn? Poopia who yawn with othars may be more sense to others" moods, $0 (19)... is possible that yawning isn lays @ sign of boredom. in (14). words, yawring durng a conversation doesn't maan tha person ist Interested. Ard (18) ____ om indicating seepiness, yawring actualy ceates a feeing of alertness (10). ofthe rush of cod ‘i wo breathe in - maybe van in doge! Part 3 For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some ofthe lines to form a ‘word that fits in the gap in the same ling. There is an example at the beginning (0). ‘Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. Tourist or traveller? People assume there is a (0) _ between a tourist and a travaller ~ that DIFFERENT 1 toutst is a negathe form, hv gener, @ toutst goes to a new place to have 2 kn, time, and replece the energy used up by working in a ENJOY {eb. A traveler wanders from place to place ativan by a deep ‘STRESS “about everthing new and the dosi~o to explore. A tourist ‘curious, (900s somewhere, is amazed, tums, win his everycay la (2), by ‘CHANGE LUNDERSTANI BORE ACTUAL FASCINATE, ‘What he nas expeenced, whe the Travel roams around. sesking anything that ___. of the word. The tours! escapes trom the of everyday le seaking ralaxation, whereas al the tava: wants fs t0 Ee on the road, The tourist goes home. The traveler moves on, perhaps because he doesiY want 10 stop anywhere permanent. But i possbie that the two are (2a), the same? They share a pleasure in ine word and a (29 wth te wonders init.PRACTICE TEST | rs are For questions 25-0, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. Here is an example (0). Example 0 in-class you have to do precisely what your teacher talls you, cARRY In class you have to. instructions precisely. ‘The gap can be filed by “carry out your teacher's’, so you write: Example [0] [CARRY OUT YOUR TEACHER'S White your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separate answer sheet. 25 The moment | arrived at the hotel | checked my email. ‘SOON | checked my email to the hotel. 26 They cancelled the meeting because the boss was il. OFF ‘The meeting __.. the boss's iliness. 27 had never seen such an amazing wateriall before. FIRST tt had soon such an amazing waterfall, 28 I's shame the school holidays are quite short in the summer. wis (a _.. Schoo! holidays in the summer. 29 | always use my dictionary to check any words I'm not sure of. up Ifl'm not sure of a word, ____ my dictionary. 30. "You'd better hury if you want to catch the bus, Joe,’ said Juan, ‘ADVISED Juan the would miss the bus. "A PRACTICE T Part ‘You are going o read part of @ magazine article about psychology. For questions 81-86, choose the answer (A.B, Cor D) which you think fs best according tothe text. ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. Focus! It’s the key to happiness Many religious ard philosophical trations have spoken ‘of the benefits of living in the present moment but, unt recently, there has not been much scientific evidence to ‘support ths advice. Now, a study by psychologists in the USA has shown that if we loam to Ine in the now we can be happier. Apparently, the problem is that wa ‘9pend nearly half our time thinking about something citer than what we are doing. (Of course, is not possible to measure happiness ‘by simply observing people. When researchers. want {0 100k into a question such as this they have to rely ‘on their subjects’ ably to look at their thoughts. and ‘emotions and then be able to say what they are fesing. ‘That Would be relatively easy i you planned to study ‘only @.small number of subjects but in a project ko this ‘one involving several thousand, things become rathor ‘more complicated. Tobe able to reach as many people as possible, the psychologists designed a new mobile phone application that sent volunteers text messages at various times uring the day. They were asked what they were doing nd then told to rate ther happiness on a scale from ‘zero to 100. They also had to say whether they were ‘concentrating on what they were doing or daydrearring ‘about something posite, negative or neutral. "We never “nticipated getting so many responses,’ says Matthew Kilingsworth, one ofthe main researchers on the team, "People are naturaly concerned about this issue but | doubt that they would have been so kon to take parti ‘we had ted to interview them on the street or sent cut ‘online auestionnares. The mobile phone application was the kay. The study produced one surprising resull.Athough ‘ectivties that demanded people's full attention, ike ‘exercise and conversation, made them happiest, even the most engaging tasks fale to hod thet ful attention, Volunteers admitted to thinking about something else at feast thiny percent of the time even i they were doing ‘something they enjoyed. People were least happy when working, resting oF using a home computer because It was then that their minds: wandered more. In tact they reported being distracted for as much as forty-six percent ofthe time, ‘The psychologists say that happiness was more affected by how often people died oft than by the activiy they were doing at the time. But couldn't it be that we daydream ‘so much because we are unhappy? Tho Harvard team say that this is not the ‘case, Remembering, thinking ahead or imagining things tend to make people more miserable, even ‘hen they are thinking about something pleasant, This is what convinces the researchers that we become ‘unhappy because we think too much and not the other ‘way rourd, ‘So how can we overcome the problem? It seems that we might not want to. “The unique human abity to focus on things that are not happening right now allows \s toeflect on the past and learn from t,Itekeo helps us ‘enticipate and plan forthe futur,’ said Kiingsworth. i ‘we could not do this, we probably wouldn't survve, So ‘our wandering minds benefit us some of the time. The ‘rouble is we also let them make us unhappy.‘According to the writer i is quite cificult to investigate happiness because ‘A people do not realy know how they fee. B people may look happy when they are not. © people do not ike to tak about their feelings. D people are reluctant to take part in scientific studies. How did the researchers feel about the way they conducted their survey? ‘A confident that ther results were correct B disappointed by the way people responded © amazed that so many people agreed to take part D uncertain about why their methocs were successful \What surprised researchers when they examined the results ofthe study? ‘A. People often didn’t concentrate even if they were enjoying themselves. B People spent more time daydreaming when they were working. © Working and resting made people equally unhappy. People were not thinking about what they were doing most of the time. ‘What does this refer to in ine 487 ‘A That what you are doing makes you unhappy. B _Thatfeeling sad makes you drit off into fantasy. © Thatthinking about the past makes you unhappy. D That people's minds wander all the time. (Changing the way our minds work may not be a good idea because ‘Awe enjoy daydreaming, B__wefind thinking about the present is boring. © weneed the abilty to think about the past and the future. D we think of it as one of our special human characteristics, ‘The purpose of the article is to describe how happy people think. Indicate the best way to conduct research. persuade people to change their approach to life. ‘show the connection between daydreaming and unhappiness. voorParté ‘You are going to read an article about a woman who got lost while she was on holiday. Six sentences have been removed from the articie. Choose from the sentences A+G the one whic fits each gap (97-42). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use, ‘Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. Lost in paradise ‘On my second tip to Greece I had a very embarrassing exporence. | had anived in Athens very early in the ‘morning aiter a delayed fight from London on which | had barely sept a wink, My plan was to goto an island Caled Skopelos that a friend had recommended. tt tumed out that this involved a five-hour bus tp, atthe fend of which | had to catch a fery tothe island. By the time got there, had been reveling for over twenty-four hours. ‘As s00n as the ferry docked at the litle port, the other tourists and | were surrounded by local people oering us accommodation in ther homes. I altached myself to lovely woman called Nina and sheled me upa winding path to her house, where she showed me to a pretty oom with & private bathroom. SRT —] After getting ‘dressed, | went down tothe kichen, There, Nina was sitting with @ young woman called Anika, who spoke Greek and English. While we had: coffee, Anika acted a5 an interpreter. It turned out that ‘Nina's daughter Olga was studying abroad, so Anika ‘was staying in her room, Nina had suggested she should | ‘show me around the tow, [IB] We fished our coffee, said goodbye to Nina and headed out the door. AS we headed in the direction of the port, Anika pointed out various landmarks for me to remember; a house with 2 blue door and @ lemon tree in @ pot afte chapel with sal bench outside, @ café on a corner where there was a friendly ittie dog, [J] | wondered it | ‘should go beck to the house and have an early night but decided that | would be better off having something to ‘eat before retracing my steps. By the time Anika and | reached the port, it was time for her to go to work. ERENT —] Although | was very hungry, | decided to make sure | Could find my way back to\Nina's while there was sil some ight. From the port, | walked up a narrow path | could have ‘sworn was the same one Nina and | had folowed eatier ‘that day. There was a café on a comer but no friendly ‘dog, a ite chapel but the bench was nowhere to be s9en and there were several houses with blue doors and lemon trees, | had no idea where | was. [a] —] | began to wonder if Nina and her house were just a figment of my imagination. Eventually, | realsed that the simplest thing to do was to go back to the port and ask the tourist police to help, ‘me. IT] The police laughed when I old them that It turned out that there were twenty women called Nina Who rented out rooms and ten of them hac daughters called Olga who were studying abroad. ‘The police were very kind, nevertheless, and telephoned ‘every one of those women until on the tenth call they managed to find ‘my Nina’. She came to gat me ‘and guided me back up to the house, chucking to herself all the way. | collapsed into bed and slept for almost ten hous, The next day at breakfast | met an English couple who had had exactly the same experience,| hadn't asked Nina to write down her address but at least! knew her name. ‘This meant that I was on my own, land the sun was beginning to set. ‘The harder | tried to remember ‘exactly what Anika had said, the ‘more lost | became. ‘Since it was late June, it would stil bbe light for a couple of hours. | had a much needed shower and ‘Surely he would know where Nina lived. | ried to pay attention but my tiredness made it cfficult to take it all in.Part7 ‘You are going to read some information about five musicians and the instruments they play. For questions 43-82, ‘choose from the musicians (A-E). The musicians may be chosen more than once. Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. Which musician was inspired by seeing someone perform? ‘es the instrument suits their personality? ‘topped playing the instrument at one stage? ‘Says the instrument suits them physically? feels their instrument is sometimes a nuisance? ‘had never seriously considered playing this instrument at first? did not make the decision to play an instrument? did not find it difficult to learn the basics? travels frequently? a {a a a = a a i) =a plays an instrument that was previously owned by someone else?PRACTICE Heart strings A The guitarist My father played the guitar and the banjo and had leamt both from my grandfather. Al my uncles played 100. By the time | came along, t was a well-established family tradition. There was just 10 question about whether | would lean to play an instrument of not and what instrument that ‘would be. | got my first guitar when | was seven. My father bought me a second-hand instant because they are easier to play and tune. Since, ‘that time, | have owned more than twenty guitars. Ive sold some of them, lost one and had two stolon, but I've always managed to hang onto that original guitar. I've played it often and looked after it carefully over the years, 80 tis stil in quite good conestion B_ The mandolin player My mother came home from work one evening with a mandolin. | already knew how to play the ‘Quitar so It didn't take me long to work out how to play a few chords. | strummed it from time to time, showed it to all my friends and then stuck it behind the sofa where It stayed for several years. Inmy second term at college, my parents phoned to say they were planning to come and visit me and asked me if there was anything in particular | ‘would like them to bring from home. | don't know why but suddenly | realised | badly wanted the mandolin. So they brought it with them and I've never looked back. © The double bass player Children didn’t normally learn the double bass in the past. The instruments were just too big for tiny fingers and litle arms, As a result, most ‘of my friends who play started with the vilin but my teacher managed to get me an instrument ‘specially designed for children. It was a tenth the normal size and very cute. Sizeis always a problem though. We play abroad quite a lot and getting my Instrument through security is @ real headache. Even getting round town is not easy. Despite all the inconvenience, | love my bass. It's a perfect instrument for someone like me who is rather shy and not really interested in being centre stage. I'd ‘much rather make music with other people. The harp player Myparents took me toa concert but trom where we wore siting, | couldnt see the strings ofthe harp. | just saw the hands move through the air and heard these beautiful sounds that took me into another ‘world, Much later, when | started to play myself, | realsed that because of the way you sit behing the harp and take its weight on your shoulders, you feel every sound as a vibration that passes ‘through your body. I's wonderful. Unfortunate, not all concert music Includes a part for the harp, +80 you don’t have as many opportunities to play with others as some musicians do. | think that's a great pity ‘The viola player ‘A lot of people don't even know the difference between a viola and a cello, They just know that they're not violins. | was abit the same when | was younger because my father was a concert violinist ‘and he really didn't take the viola seriously, so | played violin. When 1 was studying violin at University | attended a chamber music class with a famous professor. He took a viola out of its case and said, “You will play the viola” | was very reluctant even to touch it but | have fairly long arms and the vioin had always been a bit uncomfortable for me. The viola felt much less cramped. | played. the first note and said to myself, ‘My goodness, this is fun!”