Concrete International Journal
Concrete International Journal
12
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CI_9-14
                             February 22-25, 2015
                             Ernest N. Morial
                             Convention Center
                             Booth #6923
Oztec Industries, Inc.   Tel: 1.800.533.9055 - 1.516.883.8857 - Visit our web site: www.oztec.com
decEMBER 2014 Vol. 36 No. 12
ALSO FEATURING
                                    84	Concrete Q&A
                                          Use of ACI documents as references
46
           engineering editor
                                                                                                                departments
              W. Agata Pyc
        (Agata.Pyc@concrete.org)                                                                                7	       President’s Memo
            Managing Editor                                                                                     10	 On the Move
                Keith A. Tosolt
        (Keith.Tosolt@concrete.org)                                                                             11	 ACI Committee Document
                                                                                                                    Abstracts
          Editorial assistant
             Lacey J. Stachel                                                                                   12	Education Seminars
      (Lacey.Stachel@concrete.org)
                                                                                                                13	News
               Advertising                                                                                      18	Chapter Reports
                 Keith Price
         Network Media Partners, Inc.           The entire building envelope for the                            22	Calls for Papers
    (kprice@networkmediapartners.com)           University of Missouri Henry W.                                 51	 Products & Practice
                                                Bloch Executive Hall of Entrepre-
           Publishing Services                  neurship and Innovation in Kansas                               54	 Product Showcase
                 Manager                        City, MO, was erected in 12 weeks.
               Barry M. Bergin                  Featuring high-performance
                                                                                                                56	 Industry Focus
                    Editors
                                                insulated wall panels placed behind                             57	Meetings
                                                terra-cotta tiles, this project received
        Carl R. Bischof (Senior Editor),                                                                        58	Bookshelf
                                                a Harry H. Edwards Industry
     Kaitlyn J. Hinman, Ashley A. Poirier,
                                                Advancement Award from the                                      59	 What’s New, What’s Coming
        Kelli R. Slayden (Senior Editor)
                                                Precast/Prestressed Concrete
          Graphic Designers                     Institute in the 52nd annual PCI                                60	 Public Discussion
       Gail L. Tatum (Senior Designer),         Design Awards competition. For
                                                more on the other award-winning
                                                                                                                61	 Spanish Translation Synopses
       Susan K. Esper, Ryan M. Jay,
            Aimee M. Kahaian                    structures honored this year, see p. 27.                        82	Membership Application
           Editorial Assistant                                                                                  83	 Bulletin Board
               Tiesha Elam
                                                                                                                83	 Advertisers’ Index
                                             Copyright © 2014 American Concrete Institute. Printed in the United States of America. All correspondence should be directed to the
                                             headquarters office: 38800 Country Club Drive, Farmington Hills, MI 48331. Telephone: +1.248.848.3700. Facsimile (FAX): +1.248.848.3701.
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                                             Farmington Hills, MI 48331. Periodicals postage paid at Farmington, MI, and at additional mailing offices. Concrete
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                                             nor intended to supplant individual training, responsibility, or judgment of the user, or the supplier, of the information presented.
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                                                                                Roger J. Becker
                                                                                                      Directors
                                                                                                                   Cary S. Kopczynski
                                                                              Dean A. Browning                    Steven H. Kosmatka
Qualified Skills                                    Past President
                                                                              Jeffrey W. Coleman                  Kevin A. MacDonald
                                                   Board Members
W
                                                  Kenneth C. Hover         Alejandro Duran-Herrera                    Fred Meyer
           e can all agree, as emphasized                                       Robert J. Frosch                  Michael M. Sprinkel
                                                   James K. Wight
           by authors Karthik Obla and              Anne M. Ellis           Augusto H. Holmberg                   David M. Suchorski
           Colin Lobo on p. 41, that
“Qualified and knowledgeable personnel                   Vice Presidents                                 Executive Vice President
are essential for producing quality            Sharon L. Wood Michael J. Schneider                            Ronald Burg
concrete.” While that declaration itself
is unarguable, the details can be open           Technical Activities       Educational Activities           Certification Programs
to interpretation by the producer and                Committee                   Committee                          Committee
                                                        chair                         chair                             chair
the customer. That’s a central reason             Ronald J. Janowiak            Frances T. Griffith                George R. Wargo
why third parties—government
                                                      secretary                    staff liaison                     staff liaison
agencies, trade organizations, and other          Daniel W. Falconer           Michael L. Tholen                   John W. Nehasil
institutions—define and verify accept-
                                                 JoAnn P. Browning           Cesar A. Constantino                Khaled W. Awad
able qualifications, levels of knowledge,       Catherine E. French        Alejandro Duran-Herrera               Roger J. Becker
and quality.                                      Fred R. Goodwin             Mary Beth Hueste                  Heather J. Brown
    Verification can be particularly               Trey Hamilton                 John J. Myers                Cesar A. Constantino
challenging, however, when relevant            Neven Krstulovic-Opara           Antonio Nanni               Alejandro Duran-Herrera
                                                 Kimberly E. Kurtis           Ronald L. O’Kane               J. Mitchell Englestead
skills can’t be confirmed through written       Kevin A. MacDonald           William D. Palmer Jr.                 Brian Green
examination alone. Shotcreting,                       Jan Olek                Lawrence L. Sutter             Augusto H. Holmberg
flatwork finishing, and testing concrete          Michael S. Stenko           Lawrence H. Taber                      Joe Hug
are examples of activities that require          Pericles C. Stivaros           Ronald Vaughn                  Thomas O. Malerk
                                                  Andrew W. Taylor           David W. Whitmore                  Thomas L. Rozsits
procedural learning—what is commonly              Eldon G. Tipping                                            Michael M. Sprinkel
referred to as muscle memory. The                                                                                 Vinicio Suarez
skills of these personnel must be                                                                             David M. Suchorski
demonstrated through performance                                                                                   Janet White
exams, using equipment and materials
simulating day-to-day job activities. For
                                                                                   ACI Staff
such craftspeople, training requires that
the correct activities are repeated until    Executive Vice President: Ronald Burg (Ron.Burg@concrete.org)
                                             Senior Managing Director: John C. Glumb (John.Glumb@concrete.org)
the actions are practically automatic. The
key word here is “correct”—ongoing           Certification and chapters:                  Professional development:
coaching and supervision are needed.         John W. Nehasil,                             Michael L. Tholen, Managing Director
                                             Managing Director                            (Mike.Tholen@concrete.org)
    And even though literateness may
                                             (John.Nehasil@concrete.org)
not appear to be vital to day-to-day job                                                  Sales and membership:
                                             Customer and member support:                 Diane L. Baloh, Director
performance, it can be argued that           Melinda G. Reynolds, Manager                 (Diane.Baloh@concrete.org)
truly qualified personnel need more          (Melinda.Reynolds@concrete.org)
                                                                                          Strategic Development Council/
than procedural knowledge. Rote              Engineering:                                 Marketing, sales, and
memorization will be insufficient for        Daniel W. Falconer, Managing Director        industry relations:
development of the communication             (Daniel.Falconer@concrete.org)               Douglas J. Sordyl,
and troubleshooting skills required of a                                                  Managing Director
                                             Event services:
                                                                                          (Douglas.Sordyl@concrete.org)
true craftsperson, so supervision and        Lauren E. Mentz, Manager
coaching are also needed to reinforce        (Lauren.Mentz@concrete.org)                  Sustainability:
                                                                                          Kevin P. Mlutkowski, Director
key terminology, rules, and science          Finance and administration:
                                                                                          (Kevin.Mlutkowski@concrete.org)
                                             Donna G. Halstead, Managing Director
behind those rules.
                                             (Donna.Halstead@concrete.org)                Website strategy and content:
    While qualifying personnel is                                                         Christopher J. Darnell, Director
indisputably one of ACI’s most                                                            (Chris.Darnell@concrete.org)
important functions, helping industry
partners develop qualified personnel is                                        Sustaining Members
no less important. ACI’s strategic plan      See pages 8-9 for a list of ACI’s Sustaining Members.
demands no less.
                                             To learn more about our sustaining members, go to the ACI website at
                                             www.concrete.org/membership/sustainingmembers.aspx.
   Rex C. Donahey
                           Find out how getting the mix right makes engineering marvels
                           possible. Invite us to the table today.
888.646.5246 www.holcim.us
Perfecting Progress™
President’s
Memo
A Time to Reflect
                             A
                                       s we approach the end        Also, there is another group that is relatively hidden
                                       of the year and the       behind the curtain. And that is our ACI staff. This group
                                       holiday season, I’ll      of approximately 100 hardworking individuals make so
                               begin this month’s President’s    much look so simple and easy. From certification to
                               Memo by pausing for a             education, to publishing and member services, the entire
                               moment to consider all the        staff continues to amaze me with their dedication and
                               thanks and gratitude I have yet   efforts. And too often we neglect to thank them but we
                               to express for so much that       do so now.
                               has occurred this past year.         So as another year draws to a close, we also tend to
                               Certainly, on a personal note,    think about wishes—our own personal wishes or per-
                               I’m extremely thankful for my     haps wishes that reflect on the greater good. For me
                               family and friends and the        personally, I do wish for continued health and happiness
William E. Rushing Jr.,        great gifts with which I have     for my family and friends. But I also wish for success for
ACI President                  been presented during my          my ACI family. I have hopes that our close-knit organiza-
                               time as ACI President.            tion can continue making great strides in advancing its
    And by gifts, I’m really referring to the endless number     new strategic plan and creating bold new initiatives. Our
of new friends I have                                                                                    current path
encountered during my
travels as well as the
                                “I have hopes that our close-knit                                        forward seems to
                                                                                                         be one of such
continued support of            organization can continue making                                         bigger and
long-time colleagues who I                                                                               bolder dreams
count as friends. I’ve been     great strides in advancing its new                                       and I certainly wish
simply awed at the incred-
ible interactions and discus-
                                strategic plan and creating bold new                                     that all of our
                                                                                                         concrete dreams
sions I’ve had the opportu-     initiatives. Our current path forward                                    can harden
nity to participate in while                                                                             and achieve
representing ACI as             seems to be one of such bigger and                                       all the desired
President. The experiences
I’ve had so far will forever
                                bolder dreams…”                                                          properties of
                                                                                                         our design.
be etched in my memory.                                                                                     So wherever
    There is so much more for which to be thankful. I            you may be in the world, here’s a wish for a joyous holiday
cannot but consider how all of this has come about               season and a prosperous new year from myself and my
because of those wonderful individuals we call our               family.
members who dedicate endless hours to advance the work
of ACI around the globe. Often, these people go thankless,
but essentially they ask for no thanks. They do what they
do for various reasons—to advance the industry, to make
new contacts, or simply because they love to do it. We
thank them.                                                        William E. Rushing Jr.
      To learn more about our sustaining members, visit our website at www.concrete.org/sustainingmembers
   Operating coast to coast, Headwaters          Keystone Structural Concrete, LLC           Wacker Neuson is a global manu-
Resources is the nation’s leading            is a full service turnkey concrete          facturer of light and compact equip-
marketer of coal combustion products.        construction company with proven            ment with a comprehensive product
These products, principally fly ash and      expertise in the construction of all        portfolio. The company’s emphasis
bottom ash, are marketed for numerous        types of commercial, industrial and         stands firmly on outstanding quality,
applications in the building products        institutional facilities. Keystone’s        innovative technology, personalized
industries. Headwaters specializes in        specialty is formed elevated structures     service and close customer contact.
serving ready mixed concrete producers,      including flat slabs, pan slabs, and slab   Wacker Neuson’s concrete and
structural fill contractors, and a variety   and beam structures for multi-story         climate-control products help concrete
of building products manufacturers.          buildings as well as other large formed     contractors efficiently manage projects
Headwaters Resources has invested            concrete structures. They are part of       to significantly reduce costs, deliver
heavily in terminals and transportation      the Stewart Builders, Inc. family of        high-quality results and maintain tight
equipment to provide reliable service        companies, that includes an affiliate       deadlines. The broad line of concrete
to fly ash purchasers. Headwaters has        Keystone Concrete Placement that            and climate-control products include
also developed an array of innovative        specializes in turnkey flatwork             a versatile selection of walk-behind
products that use high volumes of fly        concrete including slabs on grade, tilt     and ride-on trowels, internal and
ash, including aerated concrete and a        wall panels, high quality warehouse         external vibrators, screeds and hydronic
complete line of mortars, stuccos, blocks,   floors, and concrete paving. From a         surface heaters for thawing and curing
bricks, and pavers.                          beginning with 15 employees in 1992         applications.
                                             the Keystone group of companies has             The company also offers a wide
  To learn more about Headwaters             grown consistently over the last 2+         range of compaction, demolition,
Resources, please visit their website at     decades to their current size, employing    utility and compact equipment. Look
www.flyash.com or call +1.801.984.9400.      over 1,250 of the finest management and     no further than Wacker Neuson -
                                             field personnel in the concrete industry.   equipment and job-site solutions for
                                             Keystone’s primary geographical focus       all phases of the construction project.
                                             is the Houston, Austin, and San
                                             Antonio markets in Texas, where they          To learn more about Wacker
                                             perform all types of turnkey concrete       Neuson, please visit their website at
                                             construction. Their focus is to provide     www.wackerneuson.com.
                                             clients with a service that is based
                                             upon safety, quality, and timeliness in
                                             the performance of their work.
   Reported by ACI Committee 232, Fly Ash in Concrete           Chair of subcommittee responsible for preparation of report.
                                                                †
Read Ci
                                                                 the spectrum of horizontal and vertical construction. These
                                                                 categories include: aviation, civic buildings, commercial/
                                                                 office buildings, industrial/process/research facilities,
                                                                 educational facilities, healthcare facilities, rehabilitation/
                                                                 renovation/restoration, transportation and water/wastewater.
                                                                     “This year’s award competition was the most rigorous to
online cover-to-cover
                                                                 date with a greater emphasis on best practices and teamwork,
                                                                 as well as the successful delivery of the project,” said Lisa
                                                                 Washington, Executive Director/CEO, DBIA. “As a result,
                                                                 the 2014 winners showcase unique applications of design-
  A flip-book version of the entire current issue of
                                                                 build best practices to raise the industry’s bar even higher
  CI is available to ACI members by logging in at
                                                                 and are shining examples of what can be accomplished
  www.concreteinternational.com.
                                                                 through design-build done right.”
  Access the flip book by clicking on the cover image                This year, 25 projects in nine categories were awarded
  on the CI website home page.                                   National Awards of Merit. One project in each of the nine
                                                                 categories is named as a National Award of Excellence
                                                                 winner. In addition, three National Awards of Excellence
                                                                 are given for Design, Process, and Teaming and one project
                                                                 is honored as Project of the Year.
CTLGroup Board of
Directors Elects Chairman
   The CTLGroup Board of Directors
elected Cary O. Cohrs as Chairman
during the organization’s recent fall
board meeting in Chicago, IL. “Cary
Cohrs brings a wealth of construction-
related leadership to the CTLGroup
Board,” said Brent Nixon, CTLGroup
President/CEO. “We are excited to
work with him in his new role as
chairman, developing building
 S.T.E.M. Outreach
     A volunteer contingent comprising members of ACI, the American Society
                                                                                                   Prevent unsightly
 of Civil Engineers (ASCE), and the Structural Engineers Association of                            appearance to concrete
 Illinois (SEAOI) participated in the sixth annual Family Science Expo on
 October 11, 2014, at the Des Plaines Public Library in Des Plaines, IL. The
 Family Science Expo provides an opportunity for children to talk to engineers                     Reduce
 and participate in hands-on demonstrations of engineering concepts.                               Chloride Permeability
 Don Meinheit demonstrates cantilevered   Bob Johnson explains the X-bracing of               800-929-3030
 load transfer                            the John Hancock Center                            ctscement.com
Technical tour of Panama construction sites by the Central and South Mexico – ACI Chapter
At the seminar and course on anchorage in Colombia, from left:   At the 2014 Colorado Concrete Conference, from left: Peter Yen;
Pedro Quiroga, Don Meinheit, Carlos Palomino, Nancy Torres,      Jason Lien; Brett Robertson, Director, Rocky Mountain Chapter
and German Santos                                                – ACI; Tim Dolen; and Steve Lode
and to show that installer certification is key for quality      Renaissance Denver Hotel. The theme for the 2014 conference
assurance of adhesive anchors. One of the speakers at the        was “Success in Concrete.” Speakers included Jason Lien,
seminar was Donald F. Meinheit, past Chair of ACI Com-           Encon United, presenting “A Precast Perspective of the SR
mittee 355, Anchorage to Concrete, who also conducted the        99 Alaskan Viaduct Replacement Tunnel”; Peter Yen, FACI,
course. In addition to Meinheit, Silvia Dyer, Juan Matus, and    Bechtel Systems & Infrastructure, “Grouting with Modern
ACI members Nancy Torres, Jorge Rendon, and Pedro Quiroga        Materials”; Tim Dolen, an independent consultant, “RCC in
made presentations at the seminar. The seminar and the           the Developing World”; and Steve Lode, CalPortland
course were attended by structural designers, contractors,       Materials Division, “The Wilshire Grand Pour.”
anchorage systems manufacturers, and graduate students.             Conference sponsors included Holcim (US) Inc.,
                                                                 Mountain Cement Company, and Premier Construction
Colorado Concrete Conference                                     Product Group. The Colorado Concrete Conference is held
  On September 17, 2014, the Rocky Mountain Chapter –            annually in September featuring innovative concrete-related
ACI held its annual Colorado Concrete Conference at the          topics and project presentations.
   Co m pl e t e ly
Reorganized
 RG r e at e r
              for
Ease of Use
     The American Concrete Institute’s newest “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete
       (ACI 318-14) and Commentary” has been completely reorganized. Now organized from the
   designer’s perspective, this 2014 edition includes more tables and charts, a consistent structure for
  each member chapter, fewer cross references, a dedicated chapter on construction requirements,
     and new chapters on structural systems and diaphragms—so you will know with certainty when
     your design satisfies all relevant code provisions. Get your digital or printed copy today. To learn
     more about ACI 318-14 and the transition resources available from ACI, visit www.concrete.org.
                                                                                                               
 NEW ACI 318-14                TRANSITION KEYS        REINFORCED                   318-14 WEBINARS          318-14 SEMINARS
                                                    CONCRETE DESIGN
     Building Code             Locate movement of                                  Reorganization details    Reorganization details
                                                        MANUAL
   Requirements for              provisions from                                   and technical updates     and technical updates
  Structural Concrete          318-11 to 318-14,    Explanations, analyses,            to ACI 318-14             to ACI 318-14
   and Commentary               and from 318-14      examples, and design            on your schedule,      through comprehensive
 (Available in English,          back to 318-11        aids for reinforced            at your location,        day-long seminars
   Spanish, Chinese;                                concrete structures – an         from your desktop         at your office or a
   U.S. Customary &                                  invaluable companion                                      location near you
Metric units; book, PDF,                            to the new ACI 318-14
  and tablet versions)                                  (Available 2015)
Meeting the construction needs of today and tomorrow requires a connected approach.
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the leading expertise and innovative strength of BASF brands with more than a century
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       specific sessions with an emphasis on active participation    players from research institutions, industry, associations,
       and discussion of selected chapter leader presentations.      and policy-making bodies to establish business and research
          Requirements: Upload abstracts to www.uhpc2015.            connections and opportunities in the African market for
       uconn.edu.                                                    future collaboration. Conference themes will include
          Deadline: Abstracts are due by January 31, 2015.           innovative construction and sustainability, sustainable
          Inquiries to: Kay Wille, Assistant Professor, Department   cement and concrete technology for Africa, waste and
       of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of            by-products for sustainable construction, civil engineering
       Connecticut, 261 Glenbrook Road, Unit 3037, Storrs, CT        materials and composites, building energy conservation
       06269-3037; +1.860.486.2074; e-mail: kwille@engr.uconn.edu;   and green architecture, engineering and construction
       website: http://acmc.engr.uconn.edu.                          safety in Africa, structural design and durability, and
                                                                     rehabilitation and maintenance of concrete structures. Visit
       Advances in Cement and Concrete                               www.accta2016.com for more information.
       Technology in Africa                                             Deadline: Abstracts are due by March 31, 2015.
          Meeting: Advances in Cement and Concrete Technology           Contact: ACCTA 2016 Conference Office, BAM Federal
       in Africa (ACCTA) 2016, January 27-29, 2016, in Johannes-     Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Department 7.4
       burg, South Africa.                                           Technology of Construction Materials, Unter den Eichen
          Solicited: ACCTA provides a platform to link experts in    87, Berlin 12205, Germany; telephone +1.49.30.8104.4543;
       the field of cement and concrete technology with key          fax: +1.49.30.8104.1717; e-mail: Accta@bam.de.
www.PremierCPG.com | 800.227.4287
H
        as a colleague ever asked you “Am I really making a      Personal Awards of Merit
        difference? Is what I’m doing really making concrete        ACI’s merit and professional awards encourage, recog-
        better?” If you are the recipient of an ACI award, ACI   nize, and reward excellence and outstanding accomplish-
knows you’re making a difference!                                ments in the art and science of concrete.
    Don’t let the opportunity pass. ACI is now accepting            The Joe W. Kelly Award, established in 1974 to
nominations for its 2015 Honors and Awards Program.              recognize ACI Past President Joe W. Kelly, is given for
There are several award categories from which to nominate        outstanding contributions to education in the broad
a worthy individual or organization. Recipients of ACI’s         field of concrete.
honors and awards are recognized at both ACI spring and             The Henry L. Kennedy Award, established in 1958,
fall conventions.                                                honors Henry L. Kennedy, ACI Past President. This award is
    Diane Pociask, Awards Coordinator, ACI Honors and            given for outstanding technical or administrative service to
Awards Program, says, “If you know an eligible colleague, I      the Institute. Selection for the Kennedy Award is based on
encourage you to nominate them.”                                 outstanding activity or service that has enhanced the
                                                                 Institute’s prestige; marked leadership in technical, adminis-
Honors                                                           trative, or special committee work; or other distinguished
   Honorary Membership—ACI’s highest honor, Honor-               service to the Institute.
ary Membership, is conferred to persons of eminence in              The Henry C. Turner Medal, founded in 1927 by
their field and those who perform extraordinary meritori-        ACI Past President Henry C. Turner, is awarded for notable
ous service to the Institute. Nominees will be judged by the     achievements in or service to the concrete industry.
degree to which they have attained noteworthy recognition           The Chapter Activities Award was founded in 1975 to
of service in any field of endeavor aligned with the Insti-      recognize outstanding service in the promotion and
tute’s objectives; significant contributions to ACI and/or to    development of a chapter or chapters by a member of ACI.
the concrete industry; contributions that have benefited         Both domestic and international awardees are recognized.
their nation; and demonstration of positive influence on
the industry and adherence to high standards of conduct,         Personal Awards for Professional
ethics, and integrity.                                           Services
   Fellow of the Institute—An individual chosen as                  The Arthur R. Anderson Award, established in 1972
Fellow of the Institute will have made outstanding contri-       to recognize ACI Past President Arthur R. Anderson, is
butions to the production or use of concrete materials,          given for outstanding contributions to the advancement of
products, and structures in the areas of education, research,    knowledge of concrete as a construction material.
development, design, construction, or management.                   The Roger H. Corbetta Concrete Constructor
                                                                 Award was established in 1972 to honor ACI Past
                    	 “Becoming a Fellow of the American         President Roger H. Corbetta. This award is given to
                    Concrete Institute was a special honor       an individual or organization who, or which, as a
                    for me. Acknowledgment of my hard            constructor, has made significant contributions to
                    work and dedication to the concrete          progress in methods of concrete construction.
                    industry was extremely rewarding.               Alfred E. Lindau, ACI Past President, perished at Pearl
                    Receiving the Certification Award was        Harbor, HI, on December 14, 1944, while serving at the
                    another huge achievement; being              Pacific Naval Air Bases. The Alfred E. Lindau Award
                    recognized by my peers for outstanding       was founded in 1947 by the Concrete Reinforcing Steel
                    work is a true compliment.”                  Institute to honor his memory. The award is given only
  —Frances T. Griffith, 2014 Fellow of the Institute;            for outstanding contributions to reinforced concrete
ACI Certification awardee                                        design practice.
  “As long as a product has an ICC-ES Evaluation Report, we’ll accept it.”
  ALAN NAPOLI, C.B.O.
  Building Official - City of Gladstone, MO
                                                                         Subsidiary
                                                                            of ICC
1.800.423.6587 x42237
es@icc-es.org | www.icc-es.org
                                                                                       13-08129
52nd Annual
PCI Design Awards
A
        wards were presented to projects from throughout                Project credits: Catholic Charities of St. Paul and
        North America in the 52nd annual Precast/                    Minnesota, and Community Housing Development Corp.,
        Prestressed Concrete Institute (PCI) Design Awards           Minneapolis, MN, Owners; Cermak Rhoades Architects,
competition. The 2014 PCI Design Awards includes                     Architect; Hanson Structural Precast, Precaster; Ericksen
best-in-class awards for both transportation structures and          Roed and Associates, Precast Concrete Specialty Engineer;
buildings, as well as special awards for industry advancement,       Mattson Macdonald Young, Engineer of Record; and
sustainable design, and all-precast concrete. Projects               Frerichs Construction, Contractor.
receiving Awards of Excellence included:
                                                                     Rich Street Bridge, Columbus, OH
All-Precast Concrete Solution Award                                     This 562 ft (171 m) modern rib arch bridge with semi-
Higher Ground, Minneapolis, MN                                       lightweight precast, post-tensioned concrete arch ribs
    The Higher Ground multifamily structure features thin            replaced a historic but structurally deficient concrete
brick and warmly colored precast panels to create a welcoming        spandrel-filled arch bridge. A new alignment slightly
and contemporary residential feel within the nearly                  downstream enabled the bridge to be completely symmetrical,
all-precast concrete envelope. The designers added depth in          which allowed the 12 precast concrete elements that make
the façade with a series of long horizontal recesses high-           up the varying span arches to be cast in one adjustable form.
lighted by colored metal panels. The precast sandwich walls          Bridge apex and beam segments also were designed to be
provide a tight, well-insulated skin. Precast stairs were left       fabricated using one multiuse adjustable form. All post-
exposed and the concrete topping on the precast floor was            tensioning strand-end anchorages were arranged to be
polished and used as the finished floor in many areas.               concealed and terminate above flood level for added durability.
   Stick with
                                                                          Weld-Crete®—The pale blue bonding agent with
                                                                          60 years of superior performance in the field.
                                                                          Simply brush, roll or spray Weld-Crete® on to
                                                                          concrete or any structurally sound surface. Then
                                                                          come back hours, days or a week later and finish
                                                                          with new concrete, stucco, tile, terrazzo, other
                                                                          cement mixes or portland cement plaster. Plus
                                                                          Weld-Crete’s® low VOC content significantly
                                                                          reduces airborne pollutants that affect health and
                                                                          the environment.
                                                                                             800.633.6668
                                                                                                 www.larsenproducts.com
Polsinelli
Headquarters &
Hotel Sorella
(photo credit: Jacia
Phillips Photography)
Harry H. Edwards Industry                                             For more information about the winning projects, visit
Advancement Award                                                  www.pci.org/2014designawards. The submission site for
Dodridge Street Bridge, Franklin County, OH                        the 2015 PCI Design Awards will open in January 2015 and
   This new structure in Columbus, OH, handles more                submissions will be due in May 2015.
than 14,000 vehicles per day while also serving as a pedestrian
path for local residents. To replace a deficient 206 ft (63 m)
long two-span structure, the design comprised a three-span
post-tensioned concrete girder superstructure that is
anchored on each end in hidden tub girders. Tie-down                    ALWAYS OPEN
anchors were used to provide stability for the bridge. The
tub girders were post-tensioned in stages as dead load was            You’ll never have to wait for ACI’s Online Bookstore to
applied to allow the girders to function as continuous beams.         open. Our collection of over 400 standards, technical
   Project credits: Franklin County Engineer’s Office, Owner;         reports, special publications, and industry favorites is
Bridgescape LLC, Architect; E.L. Robinson Engineering,                always open—waiting for you!
Engineer of Record; Janssen and Spaans Engineering, Inc.,             Additionally, you can download many of ACI’s publications
Project Engineer; Prestress Services Industries LLC, Precaster;       immediately!
GPD Group, Precast Concrete Specialty Engineer; and J. D.
                                                                          ACI’s Online Bookstore—it’s always open!
Williamson Construction Co., Inc., Contractor.
                                                                                       www.concrete.org
University of Missouri Henry W. Bloch Executive Hall
of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, Kansas City, MO
   The design intent of this project was to create a contem-
porary structure that could also blend in with the university’s
historic masonry. A terra-cotta façade was chosen that
delivered a dappled exterior, which mimics the earth tones of
nearby architecture. The use of CarbonCast high-performance
insulated wall panels, placed behind the terra-cotta tiles,
makes this building façade truly innovative. Panels with a
five-color, random-blend terra-cotta tile pattern were
completed in 3 months, and the entire building envelope
was erected in just 12 weeks.
   Project credits: University of Missouri–Kansas City,
Owner; BNIM Architects and Moore Ruble Yudell Architects
& Planners, Architects; Enterprise Precast Concrete, Inc.,
Precaster; Structural Engineering Associates, Engineer of
Record; and J.E. Dunn Construction, Contractor.
Typical Applications
- Seismic retrofitting
- Concrete pipe supports
- Bridge columns
- Concrete or steel columns,
  beams, and slabs
Benefits
- No VOCs
- High Temperature Resistance
- High Chemical Resistance
- Designed to conform to ACI 440 standard for the nonmetallic composite
  repair and reinforcing of concrete
- Manufactured in an ISO 9001 certified facility
                  www.neptuneresearch.com
A New Fiber for
Enhanced Crack
Control
Polypropylene fiber with chemical bond to concrete
by Emmanuel K. Attiogbe, Steve Schaef, Charles O. Kerobo, Dan Vojtko, and Charles K. Nmai
E
      arly-age cracking of concrete due to shrinkage and          Frictional bond depends on the lateral surface of contact
      temperature effects is typically controlled by the use of   between the fiber and the concrete matrix. Fiber intrinsic
      welded wire reinforcement (WWR) or small-diameter           efficiency ratio (FIER), which is the ratio of the lateral
steel bars. However, steel reinforcement is susceptible to        surface area of a fiber to its cross-sectional area, can be used
corrosion, which significantly reduces the life expectancy of     to quantitatively compare the frictional bond for fibers
reinforced concrete structures. In addition, the placement of     with different geometries.1 A tape-like monofilament
WWR or bars can be highly labor-intensive, may not be             macrosynthetic fiber, for example, has a higher FIER than a
accurate, and can add significant cost.                           circular fiber of the same cross-sectional area, so interfacial
   As an alternative to steel reinforcement, discrete or short    bond of circular fibers is typically enhanced by embossing
fibers (polymeric, steel, natural, or glass) can be added to      or crimping the fibers.
concrete mixtures as crack control reinforcement in                   Chemical bond could enhance the performance of
selected applications. ASTM C1116/C1116M-10a, Standard            polypropylene macrofibers. However, because the composition
Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Concrete, recognizes           of basic polypropylene does not include functional groups
polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon, and carbon fibers as          that can chemically interact with the concrete matrix,
synthetic fibers known for their proven long-term durability.     special techniques need to be employed to alter the surface
Largely because of their lower cost, the most commonly            of the fiber.
used synthetic fibers comprise polypropylene. Macrosynthetic
polypropylene fibers offer a range of benefits, including         Development of Chemical Bonding
reduced labor for concrete placement, reduced crack widths,          BASF has recently developed a polypropylene fiber
and extended joint spacing in slab-on-ground applications,        with chemical bond, achieved by incorporating chemical
high ductility in shotcrete applications, and no corrosion.       compounds into the base resin. The reference fiber for
For slab-on-ground construction, the three-dimensional            evaluation of chemical bond development is a monofila-
(3-D) distribution of macrofibers in the concrete matrix          ment polypropylene macrofiber marketed under the
ensures that the reinforcement will be where it’s needed.         Master Builders Solutions brand for various applications,
                                                                  including slab-on-ground, pavements, bridge decks,
Interfacial Bond                                                  precast concrete, and shotcrete. This is a high-performance
   The transfer of forces between fibers and the concrete         fiber that has been successfully used in many projects. The
matrix is achieved through interfacial bond. Because the          fiber is approximately circular in cross section with an
chemical structure of polypropylene is such that it has no        equivalent diameter of 0.032 in. (0.81 mm) and a length
chemical affinity with the concrete matrix, interfacial bond      of 2.1 in. (54 mm). The bond of this fiber to the concrete
in commonly available polypropylene fibers is typically           matrix is enhanced through mechanical means by the
achieved through friction and mechanical anchorage.1              embossment process.
Fig. 2: Test setup for: (a) ASTM C1399/C1399M; (b) ASTM C1609/C1609M; and (c) ASTM C1550
                                                                   Concluding Remarks
                                                                      A polypropylene macrofiber with chemical bond to the
                                                                   concrete matrix has been developed. The novel approach to
                                                                   achieving the chemical bond properties on the inherent
Fig. 3: Single fiber pullout testing of polypropylene macrofiber
embedded in a mortar cube
                                                                   inert surface of polypropylene fibers involves incorporating
                                                                   specific chemical compounds into the base polypropylene
Table 1:
Concrete mixture proportions with plastic and hardened concrete properties
     Concrete mixture composition and                       Specimens tested per                      Specimen tested per
                properties                          ASTM C1399/C1399M and C1609/C1609M                   ASTM C1550
    Type I/II portland cement, lb/yd3 (kg/m3)                      450 (267)                                 752 (446)
          Class F fly ash, lb/yd3 (kg/m3)                          193 (115)                                    —
           Silica fume, lb/yd3 (kg/m3)                                 —                                      60 (36)
       Coarse aggregate, lb/yd3 (kg/m3)                            1618 (960)                                811 (481)
         Fine aggregate, lb/yd3 (kg/m3)                            1395 (828)                              2002 (1188)
              Fiber, lb/yd3 (kg/m3)                                 5.0 (3.0)                                9.0 (5.3)
              Water, lb/yd3 (kg/m3)                                302 (179)                                 325 (193)
     High-range water-reducing admixture,
                                                                    3.0 (195)                                   —
         fl oz/cwt (mL/100 kg) cement
                 Slump, in. (mm)                                    7.5 (190)                                 8 (200)
                  Air content, %                                       3.1                                      2.0
     7-day compressive strength, psi (MPa)                         3900 (26.9)                              6000 (41.4)
Table 2:
Performance improvement of chemical-bond macrofiber relative to a reference fiber
Performance improvement, % 37 33 32 45
                                                                                                       40
             8
                                                                                                       35
                                              Chemical-bond fiber                                      30
             6
                                                                                                       25
                                                                                            Load, kN
  Load, kN
             4                                                                                         20
                                                 Reference fiber                                                                                  Chemical-bond fiber
                                                                                                       15
             2                                                                                         10
                                                                                                        5                                      Reference fiber
             0                                                                                          0
             0.00         0.25      0.50       0.75       1.00        1.25     1.50                         0         10               20              30                40
                                       Deflection, mm                                                                          Deflection, mm
Fig. 4: Load-deflection curves for ASTM C1399/C1399M testing of                           Fig. 6: Load-deflection curves for ASTM C1550 testing of fibers
fibers at 5 lb/yd3 (3 kg/m3) dosage rate (Note: 1 kN = 225 lbf;                           at 9 lb/yd3 (5.3 kg/m3) dosage rate (Note: 1 kN = 225 lbf;
1 mm = 0.04 in.)                                                                          1 mm = 0.04 in.)
             35
                                                                                                       35
             30
                                                                                                       30
             25
                                                                                                       25
             20
  Load, kN
Load, kN
                                                                                                       20
             15                                                                                        15                                   Chemical-bond fiber
                                                      Chemical-bond fiber                                                                   at 4 lb/yd3 (2.4 kg/m3)
             10                                                                                        10
                                           Reference fiber                                              5                       Reference fiber
                 5                                                                                                              at 5 lb/yd3 (3 kg/m3)
                                                                                                        0
                 0                                                                                       0.0    0.5     1.0      1.5        2.0      2.5       3.0       3.5
                  0.0      0.5       1.0         1.5         2.0         2.5   3.0
                                                                                                                               Deflection, mm
                                      Deflection, mm
                                                                                          Fig. 7: Load-deflection curves for ASTM C1609/C1609M testing of
Fig. 5: Load-deflection curves for ASTM C1609/C1609M testing                              chemical-bond fiber at 4 lb/yd3 (2.4 kg/m3) dosage rate and
of fibers at 5 lb/yd3 (3 kg/m3) dosage rate (Note: 1 kN = 225 lbf;                        reference fiber at 5 lb/yd3 (3 kg/m3) dosage rate (Note: 1 kN =
1 mm = 0.04 in.)                                                                          225 lbf; 1 mm = 0.04 in.)
T
     he quality and uniformity of ready mixed concrete             Most ready mixed concrete companies have a quality
     delivered to a construction project depend on the          control (QC) department responsible for managing the
     quality of its constituent materials, production, and      quality of its product and addressing quality-related problems.
testing. The quality of concrete is impacted by all job         In a successful company, the emphasis is on the former
functions within a ready mixed concrete company, so each        (proactive), rather than the latter (reactive).
company should maintain a basic quality management
system (QMS), supported by management and managed by            The NRMCA Plant and Truck
competent company personnel.                                    Certification Program
   A QMS improves the quality of a company’s product by            The National Ready Mixed Concrete Association
establishing a systematic way of setting quality processes      (NRMCA) has administered its certification program3 for
and responsibilities. Companies that have adopted and are       production facilities of ready mixed concrete since 1966.
certified to the QMS standard ISO 90011 have been shown         Almost half of the plants operating in the United States are
to have higher rates of corporate survival, higher sales,       certified under the NRMCA program and more than
employment, payroll, and average annual earnings per            100 certified plants are located outside the United States.
employee than nonadopters.2 It has also been shown that         Companies obtaining certification are primarily driven by a
small businesses achieve proportionally more benefits than      requirement in project specifications. For example, the
larger organizations.                                           NRMCA plant certification program is referenced in
   A company’s QMS should have defined quality objectives       ACI 301-10.4
and measurement systems in place to ensure that these              The NRMCA program verifies that the production
objectives are being met. The objectives should not be          facility and delivery vehicles conform to industry standards,
“motherhood and apple pie”-type statements—they must be         such as ASTM C94/C94M, “Specification for Ready-Mixed
measurable, as documented achievement of quantifiable           Concrete.” This represents only one part of a quality system
quality objectives facilitates continuous improvement.          and does not assure that a quality product will be manufac-
   As part of this system, all activities and individual        tured and delivered, because other factors are involved. The
responsibilities related to quality should be clearly defined   NRMCA Quality Certification program is the next evolu-
in the company’s quality manual (QM), also referred to as a     tion that encompasses the broader goal of ensuring quality
quality control plan. Companies have varying levels of a        of ready mixed concrete.
formal QM. The QM should cover only those tasks that
provide a clear quality benefit and can be accomplished         The NRMCA Quality Certification Program
with justifiable investment.                                        NRMCA provides several resources3, 5-8 for a company to
                                                                develop its QMS. The more comprehensive NRMCA
                                                                reference document is the Quality Management System
                                                                for Ready Mixed Concrete Companies, 5 developed using
                                                                the essential elements of quality management standards
                                                                of ISO 9000 and made pertinent to the ready mixed
Logo of the NRMCA Quality Certification program                 concrete industry.
                                                                   Management commitment
                                                                      For a QM to be a living document that sets the standard
                                                                   operating procedures for a company, it is essential that the
                                                                   owner, president, or general manager of the company or
                                                                   division be responsible for approving and signing the QM as
                                                                   well as ensuring that the needed resources are provided for its
                                                                   implementation. Implementation and modification of the
                                                                   QM should be the responsibility of a quality committee that
                                                                   includes management representation. The quality manager
                                                                   should ensure that all company employees are familiar with
                                                                   the quality initiatives and their responsibilities, and should
                                                                   monitor and coordinate all quality activities.
                                                                           Internal testing
                                                                              Internal testing at the plant helps pinpoint the causes of
                                                                           variation of concrete quality and establish best practices.
                                                                           Details involved in internal testing are discussed by Obla.6 For
                                                                           every plant included in the request for certification, companies
                                                                           should test at least two concrete mixtures at a frequency of
                                                                           once per week or once every 500 yd3 (380 m3), whichever
                                                                           results in the smaller number of tests. Tests conducted should
                                                                           include slump, temperature, density, and/or 28-day compres-
                                                                           sive strength, and air content for air-entrained concrete.
                                                                           Companies should have a procedure of incorporating process
                                                                           improvements based on the data analysis.
                                                                           QA test records
                                                                              The company should define the process and personnel
Sample certificate                                                         responsible for collecting and monitoring QA tests per-
Returned concrete and wash water                                    Selected for reader interest by the editors.
   The company should have a policy on the management of
returned concrete. Responsibilities should be identified and the
policy and process communicated to affected plant personnel.
                                                                                              Karthik H. Obla, FACI, is Vice President
Summary
                                                                                              of Technical Services at the National
   The NRMCA quality certification ensures that the
                                                                                              Ready Mixed Concrete Association,
company is operating an effective QMS for the production
                                                                                              Silver Spring, MD. He has over 20 years
of ready mixed concrete that is well-established, document-                                   of experience in concrete materials
ed, implemented, and facilitates continuous improvement.                                      technology. He is a recipient of the
The audit verifies that the company meets the minimum                                         ACI Young Member Award for Profes-
criteria recognized by this certification program. The                                        sional Achievement; Chair of ACI
certification program can be used to prequalify concrete                                      Committee 232, Fly Ash in Concrete;
producers that maintain a quality management system in                and a member of several other ACI committees, including
line with a minimum industry standard when this is                    201, Durability of Concrete; 211, Proportioning Concrete
needed for higher profile projects and for those with                 Mixtures; 214, Evaluation of Results of Tests Used to Determine
performance-based specifications. NRMCA believes that                 the Strength of Concrete; 236, Material Science of Concrete;
the widespread use of this quality certification will help            240, Natural Pozzolans; 329, Performance Criteria for Ready
raise the quality level of concrete construction, resulting in        Mixed Concrete; 365, Service Life Prediction; 555, Concrete
saving of time and cost for all industry stakeholders.                with Recycled Materials; and C601-B, Concrete Quality
                                                                      Technical Manager. He served as President of the San
References                                                            Antonio Chapter – ACI. He received his PhD in civil engi-
   1. ISO 9001:2008, “Quality Management Systems—Require-             neering from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, and is
ments,” International Organization for Standardization, Geneva,       a licensed engineer in the state of Maryland.
Switzerland, www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail?csnumber=46486.
(accessed August 12, 2014)                                                                     Colin L. Lobo, FACI, is Senior Vice
   2. Levine, D.I., and Toffel, M.W., “Quality Management and                                  President of the Engineering Division
                                                                                               at the National Ready Mixed Con-
Job Quality: How the ISO 9001 Standard for Quality Management
                                                                                               crete Association, Springfield, MD. He
Systems Affects Employees and Employers,” Management Science,
                                                                                               is a member of ACI Committees 211,
V. 56, No. 6, June 2010, pp. 978-996, www.hbs.edu/faculty/Publi-
                                                                                               Proportioning Concrete Mixtures; 214,
cation%20Files/09-018.pdf. (accessed Aug. 12, 2014)
                                                                                               Evaluation of Results of Tests Used
   3. “Plant Certification Checklist—Section 3,” Quality Control
                                                                                               to Determine the Strength of Con-
Manual, NRMCA, Silver Spring, MD, 2011.
                                                                                               crete; 228, Nondestructive Testing of
   4. ACI Committee 301, “Specification for Structural Concrete
                                                                      Concrete; 301, Specifications for Concrete; 318, Structural
(ACI 301-10),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI,     Concrete Building Code; and E701, Materials for Concrete
2010, 77 pp.                                                          Construction. He is also active in other organizations, includ-
   5. “Quality Management System for Ready Mixed Concrete             ing ASTM International, ASCE, TRB, AASHTO, and FHWA. He
Companies,” NRMCA, Silver Spring, MD, 2008, www.nrmca.org/            received his BE in civil engineering from Mysore University,
p2p/QMS%203%20parts%20small.pdf. (accessed Aug. 12, 2014)             Karnataka, India; his MS from Northeastern University, Boston,
   6. Obla, K.H., Improving Concrete Quality, CRC Press, Boca         MA; and his PhD from Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.
Raton, FL, 2014, 214 pp.
by Charles S. Hanskat
T
     o build out a concrete section, shotcrete placements are    The high-velocity impact of shotcrete on a hardened,
     typically made in multiple layers. Unfortunately,           previously shot layer (or existing concrete surface) provides
     designers and inspectors often incorrectly confuse the      a strong, abrasive blast to open up the surface and immediately
interfaces between shotcrete layers with cold joints             expose that surface to fresh cement paste. As a result,
experienced in cast-in-place concrete construction. This         shotcrete exhibits excellent bond to previously shot layers
confusion can lead to needless delays and unwarranted testing.   and to existing concrete surfaces.
High Impact
    ACI’s Concrete Terminology defines a cold joint as “a
joint or discontinuity resulting from a delay in placement of
sufficient duration to preclude intermingling and bonding
of the material, or where mortar or plaster rejoin or meet.”1
    In cast-in-place concrete construction, internal vibration
is the most common method for providing adequate
consolidation of the placed concrete. In cast-in-place work,
a cold joint is formed when an initial lift of concrete
becomes too stiff for penetration by the vibrator used to
consolidate a subsequent lift. This thus precludes the
“intermingling” of material indicated in the definition.
However, ACI 309R-05 indicates that if bond is obtained
between cast sections, a cold joint is avoided.2 ACI 309R-05,
Section 7.2, states:
    “When the placement consists of several layers, concrete     Shotcrete cores of sections shot with up to seven layers
delivery should be scheduled so that each layer is placed
while the preceding one is still plastic to avoid cold joints.
If the underlying layer has stiffened just beyond the point
where it can be penetrated by the vibrator, bond can still be
obtained by thoroughly and systematically vibrating the
new concrete into contact with the previously placed
concrete; however, an unavoidable layer line will show on
the surface when the form is removed.”
    Internal vibration is not used for consolidation of
shotcrete. Instead, thorough consolidation and densification
is provided by the high-velocity impact of fresh concrete        A core taken through a shotcrete repair applied to a cast-in-place
material on the receiving surface. It has been verified with     concrete wall illustrates that the high-velocity impact of the fresh
laboratory testing that properly placed shotcrete is very        concrete forced it into contact with the existing concrete, thus
well-consolidated and has excellent strength and durability.     ensuring bond
by Luke M. Snell
M
          ost contractors will occasionally need to locate
          reinforcing bars in a concrete structure—for
          example, when they want to miss the reinforcement
when drilling holes into concrete. While there are many metal
locators on the market, many are very expensive and require
extensive training to be used successfully. Such equipment is
designed to be operated by engineers conducting a detailed
structural evaluation of an existing building.
   Because contractors have only the occasional need to
find reinforcing in concrete, they need an inexpensive metal
locator that is relatively easy to use. A device to meet this
need is the MetalliScanner® m40 metal locator, developed
by the Zircon® Corporation, based in Campbell, CA.
   To activate the m40 metal locator, users simply push the
power button and pass the device over the surface of the
concrete. A green light-emitting diode (LED) shows that
the device is on. As the m40 approaches a metal object, its         A student uses the Zircon m40 to locate vertical bars in a
                                                                    concrete column
red LEDs progressively light from the bottom up. A lighted
blue coil and an audio tone indicate when a metal target is
located. The m40 metal locator does not indicate the cover          purpose: to determine if users could quickly learn how to
depth, nor does it indicate the size of the bar. If this infor-     operate the equipment and if the instructions were adequate
mation is required, a more expensive piece of equipment             for people who have learned English as a second language.
will have to be used.                                                  We had prepared concrete samples with reinforcement
   Users are cautioned that a single reading at one location        at known locations so the students could gain experience
does not show the position of the reinforcement but simply          in being able to detect bars. After they completed
that there is metal at that location. A single reading might        these experiments, they were asked to locate bars
indicate a nail, a steel can, or a loose tie wire. Thus, the user   within a concrete column. A concrete column was
should do multiple readings at several locations to be able to      selected because the bars would be in the corners in a
trace the placement of the reinforcement.                           predictable pattern.
                                                                       As most of us would probably do, the students did not
Experimental Trials                                                 read the instructions but instead elected to watch the video
   In May 2013, I took a Zircon m40 to Ethiopia and                 instructions. After watching the DVD two or three times, the
conducted a series of experiments with students at Addis            students felt confident enough to use the equipment and
Ababa University in Addis Ababa and Bahir Dar University            were able to successfully locate the bars in the prepared
in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. I gave them the m40 metal locator           samples and concrete columns.
along with the written instructions and instructional DVD              I concluded from these tests that the video provided
that came with the device. The experiments had a dual               adequate instruction for people to use the equipment and
A simple test setup to evaluate the metal locator A demonstration of how to use the m40
•• a concrete block;
•• reinforcing bars of various sizes. For the tests in Phoenix,      —Zircon, www.zircon.com
   we used No. 3 (10 mm), No. 4 (13 mm), No. 6 (19 mm),
   and No. 10 (32 mm) bars;                                       Selected for reader interest by the editors.
•• a ruler or a tape measure; and
•• spacers (concrete, wood, or a magazine) to allow the
   participants to vary the cover over the reinforcement.                                   Luke M. Snell, FACI, is a Professor
   Table 1 summarizes the results. From the testing trials                                  Emeritus of Southern Illinois University,
completed in the United States and in Ethiopia, the Zircon                                  Edwardsville, IL, and currently a Senior
MetalliScanner m40 was found to be able to locate small                                     Materials Engineer with Western
bars with cover of up to 3 in. (75 mm). The tests in Phoenix                                Technologies, Inc., Phoenix, AZ.
also indicated that larger bars can be located at even greater
depths. Finally, all tests indicate that a first-time user can
easily learn how to operate the equipment by watching an
instructional video.
Sol-Zol
   Cresset Chemical Company has advanced its original Sol-Zol™ Hand Cleaner for dry, cracked, and irritated skin. The
industrial-strength formulation can be used against harsh materials, featuring a mineral-oil-based carrying agent fortified
with proprietary lotions that promote the healing of skin chapped from cement, lime, gypsum, and grease. The formula is
also pH balanced and safe for daily use. Most importantly, the lotion’s regenerative properties keep hands consistently
moist. This helps combat cement dermatitis and cement burns that may result in blisters, itching, redness, swelling, scaling,
or dead and hardened skin.
   —Cresset Chemical Company, www.cresset.com
Infrasense GPR
   Infrasense, Inc., completed subsurface investigations for 57 bridge decks in Michigan. Most of the bridge decks were
surveyed with high-speed ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and high-resolution video, and select decks were surveyed using
high-speed infrared thermography. GPR data was collected to estimate reinforcing bar depth and corrosion conditions.
The data was collected in a series of lines spaced 3 ft (1 m) transversely across the width of the deck, with each line repre-
senting a cross-sectional slice of the deck at a particular offset. Strong and uniform radar reflections indicated that the
reinforcing bars were in good condition. GPR data with weak and inconsistent reflections indicated reinforcing bar level
deterioration. As a part of the GPR data collection, high-resolution video was made to allow for subsequent mapping of
deck surface conditions. A series of infrared images were subsequently stitched together to create a full-scale plan-view
infrared map.
   —Infrasense, Inc., www.infrasense.com
Structures 20 Software
    Tekla Structures 20 improves construction workflow efficiency by providing the means to organize models, manage
tasks, and avoid structural clashes. It expands the capacity of constructible Tekla models to handle the large amounts of
information needed to accurately reflect the detail contained in complex structures. Tekla Structures 20 brings even
detailed information and flexibility to modeling while reducing the need for manual data transfer. Information flows more
efficiently from design, purchasing, and production to the shop floor. Tekla also provides more links to architectural and
design solutions to remove the technical and compatibility barriers between users with different types of applications.
    —Tekla, www.tekla.com/us
Edgetite
   Edgetite spikes are designed to strengthen and increase longevity in paver edging. Edgetite’s patent-
pending angled tip design allows the spike tip to deflect away from the field while the head pushes the
edging tightly against the brick. The angled final position of an installed spike holds the brick edge in,
resists freezing-and-thawing cycles, and limits sideways movement.
   —Edgetite, www.edgetite.com
       Web Notes
Capital Safety Launches New Website
   On the new Capital Safety homepage, users will find videos, news and events, featured
products, and popular downloads. The Products section provides information on over
2500 Capital Safety items. Users can find product highlights, accessories, and similar
models for comparison, and instantly download product brochures and instruction
manuals. The Product Support section includes information on product sizing, service and
repair, technical bulletins, product and demo videos, and a FAQs section. The Training
section lists all upcoming Capital Safety training courses offered, as well as information on
each specific course, training facility, and instruction team. The Safety Resources section
provides information on industry regulations and standards, technical bulletins, and articles, as well as quick and easy
access to safety and service alerts on its products. Other useful tools within Safety Resources include printable fall protec-
tion and rescue plans, available in both English and Spanish.
   —Capital Safety, www.capitalsafety.com
       Book Notes
Advanced Composites in Bridge Construction and Repair
by Yail Jimmy Kim
    Advanced composite materials for bridge structures are recognized as an alternative to conven-
tional construction materials. After an introductory overview and an assessment of the characteris-
tics of bonds between composites and quasi-brittle structures, Advanced Composites in Bridge Con-
struction and Repair discusses the use of advanced composites in the design and construction of
bridges, including damage identification and the use of large rupture strain fiber-reinforced polymer
(FRP) composites. The second part of the book presents key applications of FRP composites in bridge construction and
repair, along with the application of all-composite superstructures for accelerated bridge construction, engineered cementi-
tious composites for bridge decks, carbon FRP composites for cable-stayed bridges and for repair of deteriorated bridge
substructures, and finally the use of FRP composites in the sustainable replacement of aging bridge superstructures.
    Woodhead Publishing, Elsevier; Price: $200; 356 pp.; ISBN 9780857096944
   Products&Service
   Literature&Videos
Guidelines for Inspection and Acceptance of Epoxy-Coated Reinforcing Steel
   This eight page brochure provides guidance to procedures for inspection of epoxy-coated reinforcing steel during con-
struction and prior to concrete placement. It describes steel identification, transport and handling, bar placement, bar
damage and repair, and inspection prior to concrete placement.
   —Epoxy Interest Group, www.epoxyinterestgroup.org
Pointfuse Software
   Arithmetica’s Pointfuse Software automatically creates three-dimensional
(3-D) computer models directly from laser scanners and offers automated
extraction of features from laser-scanned data. Using a vehicle-mounted mobile
mapping system, Skanska surveyed a stretch of motorway, collecting millions of
individual measurements detailing bridges, gantries, and crash barriers. Pointfuse
was used to process the large point cloud, recognizing and extracting features
automatically and in a matter of minutes. Taking data from laser scanners
mounted on vehicles, survey planes, tripods, or people, Pointfuse uses advanced
statistical techniques to create vector models which can then be manipulated
using any industry-standard CAD system. It is fully mobile compatible, can process data from mobile scanners, and its
results can be output and used on standard handheld mobile devices for field application.
   —Arithmetica, www.arithmetica.com
   —Skanska, www.skanska.com
  Porta-Pit
     Washout Watchdog’s Porta-Pit is a portable concrete washout container
  made of high-strength polyethylene with heavy-duty steel fork lift channels
  and side supports. In conjunction with Water Dog’s water collection and
  disposal bags, it is engineered for collecting and disposing of concrete
  washout materials and water on the jobsite. Each unit comes with a custom
  security lid to keep rainwater from causing overflows and to protect animals
  and people when the unit is partially full and not in use. The custom lids are
  equipped with adjustable ratchet tie downs and a 10 in. (254 mm) vented lid
  for priming and washing out pumps. The Porta-Pit weighs around 150 lb
  (68 kg) empty and can be transferred manually. A 40 in. (1016 mm) tall
  version is available. The Boom Pump Bin is designed to slide under pumps
  and pump trucks and is only 12 in. (305 mm) high. Porta-Pit is available in sizes of 0.5 and 1.5 yd3 (0.4 and 1.1 m3).
     —Washout Watchdog, www.washoutwatchdog.com
Wyco ErgoPack
   Wyco, a division of Badger Meter, now offers the Wyco ErgoPack® gas-powered backpack
vibrator for construction site concrete consolidation. The bulk of the weight is distributed over
the user’s hips, which reduces the strain on shoulders and upper back so that the user’s
upper body remains stable during operation. One worker can easily vibrate low- to
high-slump concrete with up to a 2 in. (51 mm) head. Its adjustable straps fit all user
sizes and the rugged steel frame withstands abuse. The backpack comes standard
with a digital tachometer/hour meter. Workers can monitor vibration frequency and
take advantage of the variable speed control to harness the most effective vibration
for different mixtures, as well as track running hours to assist in preventative
maintenance. The Honda 4-cycle 50cc engine has flexible throttle and kill switch.
   —Wyco, www.wycotool.com
                        Please send me a free copy of the 2014 ACI Publications & Services Catalog
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                       Do not duplicate telephone / FAX orders by mail. Offers expire December 31, 2014.
For faster service - order by telephone or fax! Phone: +1.248.848.3800; Fax: +1.248.848.3801
“Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary (ACI 318-14)”
   The ACI Technical Activities Committee (TAC) approved the draft standard subject to satisfactory committee response
to TAC comments in March 2014. The committee responded adequately to TAC’s comments and all balloting rules
were adhered to. In April 2014, the Standards Board granted approval to release the draft standard for public discussion
and to process it as an ACI standard. Public discussion was announced on May 1, 2014, and closed on June 17, 2014.
The committee responded to the public discussion. TAC reviewed the closure and approved it on August 21, 2014.
The Standards Board approved publication of the ACI standard on August 29, 2014.
   The public discussion and the committee’s response to the discussion are available on ACI’s website,
www.concrete.org/discussion.
Attiogbe, E.K.; Schaef, S.; Kerobo, C.O.; Vojtko, D.; y             Snell, L.M., Concrete International, V. 36, No. 12, diciembre
Nmai, C.K., Concrete International, V. 36, No. 12, diciembre        de 2014, págs. 48-49
de 2014, págs. 35-39
                                                                    En ocasiones, los contratistas deberán localizar barras de
Las fibras de polipropileno son fibras sintéticas que se utilizan   refuerzo en una estructura de hormigón, sin necesidad de
para controlar la generación de grietas en el hormigón.             determinar también la profundidad de la cobertura ni el
Aunque todas las fibras de polipropileno dependen de la unión       tamaño de la barra. Un dispositivo que puede servir para ese
de fricción para fijar la matriz de hormigón, existe un nuevo       propósito es MetalliScanner® m40, un localizador de metales
tipo de fibras que incorpora compuestos capaces de crear la         asequible y fácil de usar. De acuerdo con las pruebas realizadas
unión química. Se describen estas nuevas fibras y se usan los       en Estados Unidos y Etiopía, el MetalliScanner m40 puede
resultados de las pruebas de ASTM para comparar su ren-             localizar barras pequeñas con una cobertura de hasta 3
dimiento con el de las fibras de polipropileno tradicionales.       pulgadas (75 mm).
Hanskat, C.S., Concrete International, V. 36, No. 12,               Obla, K.H., y Lobo, C.L., Concrete International, V. 36,
diciembre de 2014, págs. 46-47                                      No. 12, diciembre de 2014, págs. 41-45
El hormigón proyectado se dispone normalmente en diversas           Un Sistema de Gestión de la Calidad (SGC) puede mejorar la
capas. Desafortunadamente, los diseñadores e inspectores a          calidad del producto de una empresa, al establecer una manera
menudo confunden de manera incorrecta las superficies de            sistemática de realizar las responsabilidades y procesos de
contacto entre las capas con las juntas frías experimentadas en     calidad. El programa de certificación de calidad de la NRMCA
las construcciones de hormigón in situ. Se debaten las              se estableció para garantizar que las empresas de hormigón
diferencias entre las colocaciones de hormigón proyectado y         preamasado dispusieran de un extenso SGC y lo siguieran.
de hormigón in situ, haciendo especial hincapié en la consoli-      Este programa de certificación puede usarse para precalificar a
dación de ambos materiales. Se describe la formación de la          las empresas fabricantes de hormigón para proyectos de alta
unión entre las capas intermedias y se explica la preparación       envergadura y proyectos con especificaciones basadas en el
de la superficie para la disposición del hormigón proyectado.       rendimiento. Se destacan los criterios evaluados durante el
                                                                    proceso de verificación para la certificación de calidad de la
                                                                    NRMCA.
       Upcoming Themes
                   January 2015—Admixtures & Cementitious Materials
                             February 2015—Infrastructure
                    March 2015—Decorative & Architectural Concrete
                                For advertising details, contact Keith Price • Phone +1.410.584.8487
                                           e-mail: concrete@networkmediapartners.com
Hoskin Scientific                    Surfacers and planers                  Texture mats or skins                 Interactive Design Systems
Husqvarna Construction Products      Atlas Copco Construction               BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED        Nemetschek Scia & Ectools
SYLVAN CONCRETE FORM                  Equipment                             Butterfield Color, Inc.               Powers Fasteners
 PRODUCTS                            Brokk, Inc.                            Custom Rock Formliner                 Red Seat Software
Wacker Neuson Corporation            CS Unitec, Inc.                        EUCLID CHEMICAL                       STRUCTUREPOINT
                                     General Equipment Company              Kraft Tool Co.                        Tekla
Saws (table)                         SASE Company, Inc.                     Rhino Linings Corporation             Trimble
Hoskin Scientific                    SMITH Manufacturing
                                     Wagman Metal Products, Inc.            DESIGN AIDS                           Structural design software
Saws (walk-behind)                                                          Building information model-           ADAPT Corporation
Allen Engineering Corporation        DECORATIVE CON-                        ing (BIM)                             Bentley Systems, Inc.
Atlas Copco Construction             CRETE TOOLS                            ADAPT Corporation                     Computers & Structures, Inc.
 Equipment                           Brushes/brooms                         Bentley Systems, Inc.                 Decon U.S.A. Inc.
Brokk, Inc.                          BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED         Computers & Structures, Inc.          ENERCALC, Inc.
CS Unitec, Inc.                      Kraft Tool Co.                         Engrave-A-Crete                       Hilti, Inc.
Husqvarna Construction Products      Newlook International, Inc.            Hilti, Inc.                           IMSI/Design
Metzger/McGuire                      Rhino Linings Corporation              IMSI/Design                           Interactive Design Systems
MK Diamond Products                  Wagman Metal Products, Inc.            MEVA Formwork Systems, Inc.           Nemetschek Scia & Ectools
PNA Construction Technologies                                               Nemetschek Scia & Ectools             Powers Fasteners
                                     Diamond engraving                      Powers Fasteners                      Red Seat Software
Saws (wall-mounted)                  machines                               StructureWorks, LLC                   RISA Technologies
Hilti, Inc.                          Engrave-A-Crete                        Tekla                                 Simpson Strong-Tie
Husqvarna Construction Products                                             Trimble                               STRUCTUREPOINT
                                     Hand engraving tools                                                         StructureWorks, LLC
Scabblers                            Engrave-A-Crete                        Guides, handbooks, training           Tekla
Atlas Copco Construction             Wagman Metal Products, Inc.            Computers & Structures, Inc.          Trimble
 Equipment                                                                  Concrete Reinforcing Steel
Brokk, Inc.                          Pattern or texture rollers              Institute (CRSI)                     FIBER REINFORCEMENT,
CS Unitec, Inc.                      BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED         Engrave-A-Crete                       DISCRETE
General Equipment Company            Butterfield Color, Inc.                EUCLID CHEMICAL                       Blended fiber systems
SMITH Manufacturing                  EUCLID CHEMICAL                        GAMCO Concrete Formwork               (synthetic/steel)
WerkMaster Grinders & Sanders,       Kraft Tool Co.                         LATICRETE International, Inc.         ABC Polymer Industries, LLC
 Inc.                                                                       Nemetschek Scia & Ectools             Bekaert Corporation
                                     Platform stamps                        Neptune Research, Inc.                Fibercon International, Inc.
Scarifying machines                  BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED         Newlook International, Inc.           Sika Corporation
Blastrac, NA                         Butterfield Color, Inc.                Post-Tensioning Institute
CS Unitec, Inc.                      EUCLID CHEMICAL                        Powers Fasteners                      Specialty fiber (carbon,
General Equipment Company            L. M. Scofield Company                 Rhino Linings Corporation             glass, aramid)
MK Diamond Products                                                         Simpson Strong-Tie                    ABC Polymer Industries, LLC
SASE Company, Inc.                   Sandblast engraving                    STRUCTUREPOINT                        Sika Corporation
SMITH Manufacturing                  machines                               Trimble
StoneAge, Inc.                       Engrave-A-Crete                                                              Steel fiber
Wagman Metal Products, Inc.                                                 Structural analysis software          ABC Polymer Industries, LLC
                                     Stencils                               ADAPT Corporation                     BASF Corporation
Shotblasting equipment               BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED         Bentley Systems, Inc.                 Bekaert Corporation
Blastrac, NA                         Butterfield Color, Inc.                Computers & Structures, Inc.          Concrete Fiber Solutions, LLC
CS Unitec, Inc.                      Engrave-A-Crete                        Concrete Reinforcing Steel            EUCLID CHEMICAL
Engrave-A-Crete                      EUCLID CHEMICAL                         Institute (CRSI)                     Fibercon International, Inc.
SASE Company, Inc.                   Newlook International, Inc.            ENERCALC, Inc.                        Fortius
                                     Rhino Linings Corporation              GAMCO Concrete Formwork               GRT — MAPEI
                                     Surface Gel Tek
                                 Companies indicated in RED are advertisers in this issue of Concrete International.
HELIX STEEL                           Cementitious overlayments              Super-Krete International, Inc.       QUEST CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS
Optimet Concrete Products, Inc.       Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.        Versatile Building Products           Rhino Linings Corporation
QUIKRETE Companies, The               Black Lab                              Vexcon Chemicals                      ROCK-TRED
                                      BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED         W. R. MEADOWS, INC.                   Rudd Company, Inc.
Synthetic fiber (macro)               Butterfield Color, Inc.                                                      Sika Corporation
ABC Polymer Industries, LLC           CeraTech, Inc.                         Coatings (epoxy)                      Simpson Strong-Tie
BASF Corporation                      ChemGrout, Inc.                        ABATRON, Inc.                         Super-Krete International, Inc.
Bekaert Corporation                   ChemMasters, Inc.                      AC•Tech, Allied Construction          Versatile Building Products
CHRYSO, Inc.                          CTS Cement Manufacturing                Technologies, Inc.                   Vexcon Chemicals
EUCLID CHEMICAL                        Corporation                           Adhesives Technology Corp.            W. R. MEADOWS, INC.
FORTA Corporation                     Engrave-A-Crete                        Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.
Fortius                               EUCLID CHEMICAL                        Black Lab                             Dry shake (emery or
Grace Construction Products           Gemite Products, Inc.                  BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED        metallic)
GRT — MAPEI                           Kaufman Products, Inc.                 ChemCo Systems, Inc.                  Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.
Interstar Materials, Inc.             Kryton International, Inc.             ChemMasters, Inc.                     BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED
Optimet Concrete Products, Inc.       L. M. Scofield Company                 Cortec Corporation                    ChemMasters, Inc.
                                      LATICRETE International, Inc.          CTS Cement Manufacturing              Engrave-A-Crete
QUIKRETE Companies, The
                                      Newlook International, Inc.             Corporation                          EUCLID CHEMICAL
Sika Corporation
                                      QUIKRETE Companies, The                Engrave-A-Crete                       Kaufman Products, Inc.
                                      Rhino Linings Corporation              EUCLID CHEMICAL                       LATICRETE International, Inc.
Synthetic fiber (micro)
                                      Rudd Company, Inc.                     Fortress Stabilization Systems        Newlook International, Inc.
ABC Polymer Industries, LLC
                                      Sika Corporation                       Gemite Products, Inc.
BASF Corporation
                                      Simpson Strong-Tie                     Interstar Materials, Inc.             Finishing aids
Bekaert Corporation
                                      SpecChem                               Kaufman Products, Inc.                Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.
CHRYSO, Inc.
                                      Super-Krete International, Inc.        Newlook International, Inc.           BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED
CTS Cement Manufacturing
                                      Versatile Building Products            Nox-Crete Products Group              Engrave-A-Crete
Corporation
                                      Vexcon Chemicals                       QUEST CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS           EUCLID CHEMICAL
EUCLID CHEMICAL
                                      W. R. MEADOWS, INC.                    QUIKRETE Companies, The               Fritz-Pak Corporation
FORTA Corporation
                                                                             Rhino Linings Corporation             Kaufman Products, Inc.
Fortius
                                      Coatings (acrylic)                     ROCK-TRED                             Lythic Solutions, Inc.
Grace Construction Products
                                      Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.        Sika Corporation                      PROSOCO
GRT — MAPEI
                                      Black Lab                              Simpson Strong-Tie                    Sika Corporation
Interstar Materials, Inc.
                                      BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED         SpecChem                              SpecChem
QUIKRETE Companies, The               ChemMasters, Inc.                      Super-Krete International, Inc.       Vexcon Chemicals
Sika Corporation                      Engrave-A-Crete                        Transpo Industries, Inc.
                                      EUCLID CHEMICAL                        Versatile Building Products           Floor protection
FLOOR AND SLAB                        Gemite Products, Inc.                  Vexcon Chemicals                      AC•Tech, Allied Construction
TREATMENTS                            Glaze ‘N Seal Products                 W. R. MEADOWS, INC.                    Technologies, Inc.
Acid stains                           Interstar Materials, Inc.                                                    ADVANCED FLOOR PRODUCTS
BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED        L. M. Scofield Company                 Coatings (urethane)                   Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.
Butterfield Color, Inc.               Newlook International, Inc.            Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.       CURECRETE DISTRIBUTION, INC.
Engrave-A-Crete                       Nox-Crete Products Group               Black Lab                             Fortifiber Building Systems Group
EUCLID CHEMICAL                       PROSOCO                                BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED        EUCLID CHEMICAL
L. M. Scofield Company                QUEST CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS            ChemMasters, Inc.                     Kaufman Products, Inc.
QUIKRETE Companies, The               QUIKRETE Companies, The                Cortec Corporation                    L. M. Scofield Company
Rhino Linings Corporation             Rhino Linings Corporation              Engrave-A-Crete                       Newlook International, Inc.
Super-Krete International, Inc.       Rudd Company, Inc.                     EUCLID CHEMICAL                       Nox-Crete Products Group
Versatile Building Products           Sika Corporation                       Interstar Materials, Inc.             PROSOCO
W. R. MEADOWS, INC.                   Simpson Strong-Tie                     Newlook International, Inc.           Raven Industries – Engineered
                                      SpecChem                               Nox-Crete Products Group               Films
Gemite Products, Inc.                 Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.        SpecChem                              Wadco Industries, Inc.
Interstar Materials, Inc.             Peri Formwork Systems, Inc.            Vexcon Chemicals
Newlook International, Inc.           TITAN Formwork Systems                 W. R. MEADOWS, INC.                   Shoring
Nox-Crete Products Group              Wadco Industries, Inc.                 Wagman Metal Products, Inc.           Aluma Systems
PROSOCO                                                                                                            Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.
QUEST CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS           Footing forms                          Form sheathing                        GAMCO Concrete Formwork
Super-Krete International, Inc.       Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.        Aluma Systems                         MEVA Formwork Systems, Inc.
Versatile Building Products           GAMCO Concrete Formwork                GAMCO Concrete Formwork               Peri Formwork Systems, Inc.
W. R. MEADOWS, INC.                   IntegraSpec ICF                        SYLVAN CONCRETE FORM                  TITAN Formwork Systems
                                      Peri Formwork Systems, Inc.             PRODUCTS                             Wadco Industries, Inc.
Waxes                                 RJD Industries, LLC
ADVANCED FLOOR PRODUCTS               Wadco Industries, Inc.                 Form ties                             Specialty forms
EUCLID CHEMICAL                                                              Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.       Aluma Systems
Glaze ‘N Seal Products                Form hardware                          GAMCO Concrete Formwork               Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.
Interstar Materials, Inc.             Aluma Systems                          MEADOW BURKE LLC                      GAMCO Concrete Formwork
Super-Krete International, Inc.       Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.        MEVA Formwork Systems, Inc.           IntegraSpec ICF
Versatile Building Products           GAMCO Concrete Formwork                Peri Formwork Systems, Inc.           MEVA Formwork Systems, Inc.
                                      MEADOW BURKE LLC                       Putrall, Inc.                         Peri Formwork Systems, Inc.
FORM MATERIALS AND                    MEVA Formwork Systems, Inc.            RJD Industries, LLC                   RJD Industries, LLC
RELEASE AGENTS                        Peri Formwork Systems, Inc.            Wadco Industries, Inc.                Scott System, Inc.
Chamfer strips                        RJD Industries, LLC                                                          SYLVAN CONCRETE FORM
Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.       Wadco Industries, Inc.                 Gang forms                             PRODUCTS
BoMetals, Inc.                                                               Aluma Systems                         TITAN Formwork Systems
GAMCO Concrete Formwork               Form liners                            Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.       Wadco Industries, Inc.
MEVA Formwork Systems, Inc.           Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.        GAMCO Concrete Formwork
Peri Formwork Systems, Inc.           Butterfield Color, Inc.                MEVA Formwork Systems, Inc.           Stay-in-place forms (FRP or
Sika Corporation                      Custom Rock Formliner                  Peri Formwork Systems, Inc.           steel)
Sika Greenstreak                      EUCLID CHEMICAL                        Wadco Industries, Inc.                Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.
SYLVAN CONCRETE FORM                  GAMCO Concrete Formwork                                                      GAMCO Concrete Formwork
 PRODUCTS                             Peri Formwork Systems, Inc.            Insulating concrete forms             RJD Industries, LLC
Wadco Industries, Inc.                Scott System, Inc.                     (ICF)                                 SYLVAN CONCRETE FORM
                                      Sika Corporation                       IntegraSpec ICF                        PRODUCTS
Climbing forms                        Sika Greenstreak                                                             Wadco Industries, Inc.
Aluma Systems                         SYLVAN CONCRETE FORM                   Pan-type forms
Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.        PRODUCTS                              Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.       Textured forms
MEVA Formwork Systems, Inc.                                                  Wadco Industries, Inc.                Butterfield Color, Inc.
Peri Formwork Systems, Inc.           Form release agents                                                          Scott System, Inc.
                                      Aluma Systems                          Rustication strips                    SYLVAN CONCRETE FORM
Cylindrical columns and               Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.        Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.        PRODUCTS
pedestals (metal, glass               BASF Corporation                       Custom Rock Formliner                 Wadco Industries, Inc.
fiber-reinforced plastic,             Butterfield Color, Inc.                GAMCO Concrete Formwork
paper, or fiber tubes)                ChemMasters, Inc.                      Scott System, Inc.                    Void forms
Aluma Systems                         Cresset Chemical Company               Sika Corporation                      Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.
Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.       GAMCO Concrete Formwork                SYLVAN CONCRETE FORM                  GAMCO Concrete Formwork
GAMCO Concrete Formwork               Kaufman Products, Inc.                  PRODUCTS                             SYLVAN CONCRETE FORM
MEVA Formwork Systems, Inc.           LATICRETE International, Inc.                                                 PRODUCTS
Wadco Industries, Inc.                Nox-Crete Products Group               Scaffolding                           Wadco Industries, Inc.
                                      Peri Formwork Systems, Inc.            Aluma Systems
Flying forms                          Scott System, Inc.                     Peri Formwork Systems, Inc.           Wall forms
Aluma Systems                         Sika Greenstreak                       TITAN Formwork Systems                Aluma Systems
Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.       Diamond polishing disks                Mixer Systems, Inc.                   Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.
GAMCO Concrete Formwork               BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED         Neptune Research, Inc.                Atlas Copco Construction
IntegraSpec ICF                       General Equipment Company              Putzmeister America, Inc.              Equipment
MEVA Formwork Systems, Inc.           SMITH Manufacturing                    REXCON                                BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED
Peri Formwork Systems, Inc.           Superabrasive, Inc.                                                          EZ SCREED TOOLS
RJD Industries, LLC                   Wagman Metal Products, Inc.            Mixers (ribbon/volumetric)            Kraft Tool Co.
Scott System, Inc.                    WerkMaster Grinders & Sanders,         Blastcrete Equipment Company          Wagman Metal Products, Inc.
SYLVAN CONCRETE FORM                   Inc.                                  BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED
 PRODUCTS                                                                    Mixer Systems, Inc.                   Screeds (power)
Wadco Industries, Inc.                Edgers and groovers                    Putzmeister America, Inc.             Allen Engineering Corporation
                                      BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED                                               Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.
PLACING AND FINISH-                   Kraft Tool Co.                         Mixers (slurry)                       Atlas Copco Construction
ING EQUIPMENT                         SMITH Manufacturing                    BMH Systems                            Equipment
Brooms                                Superabrasive, Inc.                    ChemGrout, Inc.                       BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED
BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED        Wagman Metal Products, Inc.            CS Unitec, Inc.                       Wacker Neuson Corporation
Kraft Tool Co.                        WerkMaster Grinders & Sanders,         Mixer Systems, Inc.                   Wyco
Newlook International, Inc.            Inc.                                  REXCON
Rhino Linings Corporation                                                                                          Screeds (roller)
Wagman Metal Products, Inc.           Floats                                 Mixers (twin shaft)                   Allen Engineering Corporation
                                      BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED         BMH Systems                           Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.
Chutes and chute liners               Kraft Tool Co.                         CS Unitec, Inc.                       BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED
Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.       Rhino Linings Corporation              Mixer Systems, Inc.
BMH Systems                           Wagman Metal Products, Inc.            REXCON                                Shotcrete equipment
BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED                                                                                     (pumps, nozzles, and hoses)
Kraft Tool Co.                        Mixers (countercurrent)                Mixer trucks (front and rear          AIRPLACO EQUIPMENT (div. of
Mixer Systems, Inc.                   BMH Systems                            discharge)                             Mesa Industries, Inc.)
Sika Greenstreak                      Mixer Systems, Inc.                    Putzmeister America, Inc.             Allen Engineering Corporation
                                                                             Terex Mixer Trucks                    Blastcrete Equipment Company
Concrete buckets                      Mixers (drum/central mix)                                                    Putzmeister America, Inc.
Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.       Allen Engineering Corporation          Pavers                                REED Concrete Pumps &
BMH Systems                           Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.        Allen Engineering Corporation          Shotcrete Equipment
BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED        BMH Systems                            Atlas Copco Construction
Mixer Systems, Inc.                   BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED          Equipment                            Tremies
                                      Hoskin Scientific                      REXCON                                BMH Systems
Concrete pumps                        Mixer Systems, Inc.                    Terex Bid-Well                        Sika Greenstreak
AIRPLACO EQUIPMENT (div. of           Putzmeister America, Inc.
 Mesa Industries, Inc.)               REXCON                                 Polishing equipment                   Trowels (handheld)
ARDEX Americas                                                               BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED        AIRPLACO EQUIPMENT (div. of
Blastcrete Equipment Company          Mixers (hand)                          CS Unitec, Inc.                        Mesa Industries, Inc.)
BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED        Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.        General Equipment Company             Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.
Graco, Inc.                           CS Unitec, Inc.                        Husqvarna Construction Products       BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED
Putzmeister America, Inc.             Hoskin Scientific                      Superabrasive, Inc.                   Kraft Tool Co.
REED Concrete Pumps &                 Kraft Tool Co.                         Wagman Metal Products, Inc.           Rhino Linings Corporation
 Shotcrete Equipment                  Newlook International, Inc.            WerkMaster Grinders & Sanders,        Wagman Metal Products, Inc.
                                                                              Inc.
Conveyors                             Mixers (pan)                                                                 Trowels (ride-on)
BMH Systems                           Blastcrete Equipment Company           Power buggies                         Allen Engineering Corporation
Mixer Systems, Inc.                   BMH Systems                            Allen Engineering Corporation         Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.
Putzmeister America, Inc.             BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED                                               Atlas Copco Construction
REXCON                                Hoskin Scientific                      Screeds (hand)                         Equipment
                                                                             Allen Engineering Corporation
                                  Companies indicated in RED are advertisers in this issue of Concrete International.
BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED        Estimating software                    Carbon fiber-reinforced               Joint dowel alignment
Wacker Neuson Corporation             BinMaster                              polymer bars                          systems
Wagman Metal Products, Inc.           GDB Software, Inc.                     Concrete Protection Products, Inc.    Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.
                                      Tekla                                  Fortius                               BoMetals, Inc.
Trowels (walk-behind)                 Trimble                                Fortress Stabilization Systems        Dowel Bars and Baskets, LLC
Allen Engineering Corporation         WerkMaster Grinders & Sanders,         Hughes Brothers, Inc.                 PNA Construction Technologies
Atlas Copco Construction               Inc.                                  Pultrall, Inc.                        Pultrall, Inc.
 Equipment                                                                                                         Sika Corporation
BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED        Guides, handbooks                      Epoxy-coated reinforcing              Sika Greenstreak
Wacker Neuson Corporation             Dexter + Chaney                        bars
Wagman Metal Products, Inc.                                                  Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.       Joint dowel bars (round)
                                      Mixture proportioning                  Dowel Bars and Baskets, LLC           Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.
Vibrators (external)                  software                                                                     BoMetals, Inc.
Allen Engineering Corporation         Spectra QEST                           Epoxy-coated welded wire              Dowel Bars and Baskets, LLC
Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.                                              reinforcement                         Fortius
Atlas Copco Construction              QA/QC software                         Dowel Bars and Baskets, LLC           MMFX Steel Corporation
 Equipment                            Spectra QEST                           Engineered Wire Products, Inc.        Pultrall, Inc.
BMH Systems                           StructureWorks, LLC                                                          RJD Industries, LLC
BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED        Trimble                                Fiber-reinforced polymer              SYLVAN CONCRETE FORM
Denver Concrete Vibrator                                                     joint dowel bars (round)               PRODUCTS
ERIEZ                                 Scheduling software                    Concrete Protection Products, Inc.
VIBCO Vibrators                       BinMaster                              Fortius                               Joint dowel bars (square or
Wacker Neuson Corporation             StructureWorks, LLC                    Hughes Brothers, Inc.                 plate)
                                      Tekla                                  Pultrall, Inc.                        Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.
Vibrators (internal)                  Trimble                                RJD Industries, LLC                   BoMetals, Inc.
Allen Engineering Corporation                                                Vector Corrosion Technologies         PNA Construction Technologies
Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.       REINFORCEMENT,                                                               RJD Industries, LLC
Atlas Copco Construction              ACCESSORIES, AND                       Galvanized steel reinforcing          SYLVAN CONCRETE FORM
 Equipment                            EQUIPMENT                              bars                                   PRODUCTS
BMH Systems                           Bar supports, spacers, and             HELIX STEEL
Denver Concrete Vibrator              fasteners                                                                    Mechanical end anchors
Hoskin Scientific                     Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.        Galvanized steel welded               ERICO
Oztec Industries, Inc.                BoMetals, Inc.                         wire reinforcement                    GAMCO Concrete Formwork
VIBCO Vibrators                       GAMCO Concrete Formwork                Engineered Wire Products, Inc.        Headed Reinforcement
Wacker Neuson Corporation             Kraft Tool Co.                         HELIX STEEL                            Corporation (HRC)
Wyco                                  LTM Concrete                           Hohmann & Barnard                     Post-Tensioning Institute
                                      MAKO Enterprises LLC
PROJECT MANAGE-                       MEADOW BURKE LLC                       Glass fiber-reinforced                Post-tensioning jacks
MENT SUPPORT                                                                 polymer bars                          AMSYSCO, Inc.
Building information model-           Bending and cutting tools              Concrete Protection Products, Inc.    Post-Tensioning Institute
ing (BIM)                             Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.        Fortius
Bentley Systems, Inc.                 Brokk, Inc.                            Pultrall, Inc.                        Post-tensioning reinforce-
Hilti, Inc.                           Fascut Industries, Inc.                RJD Industries, LLC                   ment and accessories
MEVA Formwork Systems, Inc.                                                  Vector Corrosion Technologies         AMSYSCO, Inc.
Nemetschek Scia & Ectools             Carbon fiber grid                                                            ChemGrout, Inc.
StructureWorks, LLC                   Fortius                                High-strength steel reinforc-         Decon U.S.A., Inc.
Tekla                                 Fortress Stabilization Systems         ing bars                              MEADOW BURKE LLC
Trimble                               Gemite Products, Inc.                  Dowel Bars and Baskets, LLC           Post-Tensioning Institute
                                      Simpson Strong-Tie                     HELIX STEEL
                                                                             MMFX Steel Corporation
Prestressing strand                   Wire tying tools                       ConShield Technologies                Neptune Research, Inc.
AMSYSCO, Inc.                         Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.        Cortec Corporation                    Nox-Crete Products Group
Post-Tensioning Institute             Kraft Tool Co.                         CTS Cement Manufacturing              QuakeWrap, Inc.
Pultrall, Inc.                                                                Corporation                          QUIKRETE Companies, The
                                      REPAIR MATERIALS                       EUCLID CHEMICAL                       Sika Corporation
Punching shear reinforcing            ASR expansion reducer                  Fortius                               Simpson Strong-Tie
systems                               EUCLID CHEMICAL                        Gemite Products, Inc.
AMSYSCO, Inc.                         Gemite Products, Inc.                  Grace Construction Products           Patching mortar
Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.       Hess Pumice Products, Inc.             Kaufman Products, Inc.                AP/M Permaform
Decon U.S.A., Inc.                    Kryton International, Inc.             Kryton International, Inc.            ARDEX Americas
ERICO                                                                        Nox-Crete Products Group              Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.
                                      Cathodic protection                    QuakeWrap, Inc.                       BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED
Reinforcement splicing                systems                                QUIKRETE Companies, The               CeraTech, Inc.
systems                               EUCLID CHEMICAL                        Sika Corporation                      ChemMasters, Inc.
Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.       Fortius                                Simpson Strong-Tie                    ConShield Technologies
ERICO                                 Norton Corrosion Limited LLC           Vector Corrosion Technologies         Cortec Corporation
                                      Sika Corporation                       Vexcon Chemicals                      CTS Cement Manufacturing
Headed Reinforcement
                                      Vector Corrosion Technologies                                                 Corporation
 Corporation (HRC)
                                                                             Epoxy adhesive (crack in-             EUCLID CHEMICAL
MEADOW BURKE LLC
                                      Cementitious patching                  jection): ASTM C881/C881M             Gemite Products, Inc.
RJD Industries, LLC
                                      mortar: packaged, dry mix              ABATRON, Inc.                         Hilti, Inc.
Splice Sleeve North America, Inc.
                                      complying with ASTM C928/              Adhesives Technology Corp             Kaufman Products, Inc.
                                      C928M                                  ARDEX Americas                        Kryton International, Inc.
Specialty reinforcement
                                      AP/M Permaform                         Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.       LATICRETE International, Inc.
Concrete Protection Products, Inc.
                                      Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.        ChemCo Systems, Inc.                  MEADOW BURKE LLC
Decon U.S.A., Inc.
                                      CeraTech, Inc.                         ChemMasters, Inc.                     Metzger/McGuire
Fortress Stabilization Systems
                                      ChemMasters, Inc.                      EUCLID CHEMICAL                       Nox-Crete Products Group
Hughes Brothers, Inc.
                                      ConShield Technologies                 Fortius                               Powers Fasteners
MMFX Steel Corporation
                                      CTS Cement Manufacturing               Fortress Stabilization Systems        QUIKRETE Companies, The
RJD Industries, LLC
                                       Corporation                           Hilti, Inc.                           Rhino Linings Corporation
                                      EUCLID CHEMICAL                        Kaufman Products, Inc.                Roadware Incorporated
Steel reinforcing bars                Gemite Products, Inc.                  LATICRETE International, Inc.         Sika Corporation
HELIX STEEL
                                      Kaufman Products, Inc.                 MEADOW BURKE LLC                      Simpson Strong-Tie
MMFX Steel Corporation                LATICRETE International, Inc.          QuakeWrap, Inc.                       SpecChem
                                      Nox-Crete Products Group               Roadware Incorporated                 Transpo Industries, Inc.
Steel welded wire reinforce-          QUIKRETE Companies, The                Sika Corporation                      Versatile Building Products
ment                                  Rhino Linings Corporation              Simpson Strong-Tie                    Vexcon Chemicals
Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.       Sika Corporation                       SpecChem                              W. R. MEADOWS, INC.
Engineered Wire Products, Inc.        Simpson Strong-Tie                     Vexcon Chemicals                      Xypex Chemical Corporation
HELIX STEEL                           SpecChem                               W. R. MEADOWS, INC.
Hohmann & Barnard                     TEC®/H.B. Fuller Construction                                                Polymer sealer: low-viscosity
                                       Products                              Fiber-reinforced polymer              epoxy or high-molecular-
Stressing jacks                       Vexcon Chemicals                       Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.       weight methacrylate
MEADOW BURKE LLC                      W. R. MEADOWS, INC.                    EUCLID CHEMICAL                       ABATRON, Inc.
                                                                             Fortius                               AP/M Permaform
Ties                                  Corrosion-inhibiting treat-            Fortress Stabilization Systems        Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.
Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.       ment materials                         Gemite Products, Inc.                 ChemCo Systems, Inc.
Hohmann & Barnard                     AP/M Permaform                         Hughes Brothers, Inc.                 ChemMasters, Inc.
Peri Formwork Systems, Inc.           ARDEX Americas                         Kaufman Products, Inc.                ConShield Technologies
RJD Industries, LLC                   Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.        LATICRETE International, Inc.         EUCLID CHEMICAL
Kaufman Products, Inc.                Simpson Strong-Tie                     Humboldt Mfg. Co.                     Humboldt Mfg. Co.
Kryton International, Inc.            Vexcon Chemicals                       Myers Associates, Inc.                James Instruments, Inc.
QuakeWrap, Inc.                       W. R. MEADOWS, INC.                    Proceq USA, Inc.                      Myers Associates, Inc.
ROCK-TRED                             Xypex Chemical Corporation             Tramex Ltd. c/o Black Hawk Sales,     Proceq USA, Inc.
Sika Corporation                                                              Inc.                                 Sensors & Software, Inc.
Simpson Strong-Tie                    Polyurethane foam                      Wagner Meters
SpecChem                              Fortius                                                                      Testing materials
Transpo Industries, Inc.              Fortress Stabilization Systems         Fresh concrete testing                DeFelsko Corporation
Versatile Building Products           Metzger/McGuire                        FORNEY, LP                            Elcometer, Inc.
W. R. MEADOWS, INC.                   Powers Fasteners                       Hoskin Scientific                     FORNEY, LP
                                      Sika Corporation                       Humboldt Mfg. Co.                     Giatec Scientific, Inc.
Polymer (modified, cementi-           Simpson Strong-Tie                     James Instruments, Inc.               Hoskin Scientific
tious mortar)                                                                Myers Associates, Inc.                Humboldt Mfg. Co.
AP/M Permaform                        TESTING EQUIPMENT                                                            James Instruments, Inc.
ARDEX Americas                        Anchor strength testing                Maturity systems                      Myers Associates, Inc.
Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.       Hilti, Inc.                            FORNEY, LP                            Proceq USA, Inc.
Butterfield Color, Inc.               Hoskin Scientific                      Hoskin Scientific                     Tramex Ltd. c/o Black Hawk Sales,
ChemMasters, Inc.                     James Instruments, Inc.                Humboldt Mfg. Co.                      Inc.
ConShield Technologies                Myers Associates, Inc.                 James Instruments, Inc.
Cortec Corporation                    Powers Fasteners                       Myers Associates, Inc.                Universal testing machines
CTS Cement Manufacturing                                                     Onset                                 Elcometer, Inc.
 Corporation                          Bond testing                                                                 FORNEY, LP
EUCLID CHEMICAL                       DeFelsko Corporation                   Nondestructive testing                Hoskin Scientific
Gemite Products, Inc.                 Elcometer, Inc.                        (NDT)                                 Instron
Kaufman Products, Inc.                FORNEY, LP                             Elcometer, Inc.                       Myers Associates, Inc.
LATICRETE International, Inc.         Germann Instruments                    FORNEY, LP                            Nitto Construction, Inc.
MEADOW BURKE LLC                      Hoskin Scientific                      Germann Instruments
Metzger/McGuire                       James Instruments, Inc.                Giatec Scientific, Inc.               THERMAL AND MOIS-
Nox-Crete Products Group              Myers Associates, Inc.                 GSSI                                  TURE PROTECTION
QUEST CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS           Proceq USA, Inc.                       Hilti, Inc.                           Air barrier (fluid-applied)
Rhino Linings Corporation                                                    Hoskin Scientific                     Dow Building Solutions
ROCK-TRED                             Cyclical load testing                  Humboldt Mfg. Co.                     LATICRETE International, Inc.
Sika Corporation                      FORNEY, LP                             Infrasense, Inc.                      Mar-Flex Waterproofing & Building
Simpson Strong-Tie                    Hoskin Scientific                      James Instruments, Inc.                Products
SpecChem                              Myers Associates, Inc.                 Myers Associates, Inc.                QUEST CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS
Vexcon Chemicals                                                             Nitto Construction, Inc.              W. R. MEADOWS, INC.
W. R. MEADOWS, INC.                   Floor flatness                         Olson Instruments, Inc.
                                      Hoskin Scientific                      Pile Dynamics, Inc.                   Air barrier (membrane)
Polymer (modified, cementi-                                                  Proceq USA, Inc.                      Chameleon Innovations
tious mortar plus silica fume)        Floor moisture-vapor                   Sensors & Software, Inc.              Cosella-Dörken Products, Inc.
AP/M Permaform                        emission rate                          Tramex Ltd. c/o Black Hawk Sales,     Dow Building Solutions
ARDEX Americas                        FORNEY, LP                              Inc.                                 Fortifiber Building Systems Group
Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.       Hoskin Scientific                      Vector Corrosion Technologies         Mar-Flex Waterproofing & Building
ChemMasters, Inc.                     James Instruments, Inc.                                                       Products
ConShield Technologies                Myers Associates, Inc.                 Reinforcing bar locators              Neptune Research, Inc.
EUCLID CHEMICAL                                                              Elcometer, Inc.                       W. R. MEADOWS, INC.
Gemite Products, Inc.                 Floor relative humidity                FORNEY, LP
Kaufman Products, Inc.                (in-place)                             Germann Instruments                   Drainage board
QUIKRETE Companies, The               Elcometer, Inc.                        GSSI                                  Cosella-Dörken Products, Inc.
Sika Corporation                      Hoskin Scientific                      Hoskin Scientific                     Dow Building Solutions
Insulation Solutions, Inc.          TEC®/H.B. Fuller Construction          ChemMasters, Inc.                     Sika Greenstreak
Mar-Flex Waterproofing & Building    Products                              CTS Cement Manufacturing              Simpson Strong-Tie
 Products                           W. R. MEADOWS, INC.                     Corporation
Sika Greenstreak                    Xypex Chemical Corporation             Gemite Products, Inc.                 Flexible PVC
W. R. MEADOWS, INC.                                                        Kaufman Products, Inc.                Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.
                                    Vapor retarder (bituminous)            LATICRETE International, Inc.         BoMetals, Inc.
Firestops                           ChemMasters, Inc.                      LATICRETE SUPERCAP, LLC               GAMCO Concrete Formwork
Dow Building Solutions              Dow Building Solutions                 QUIKRETE Companies, The               Sika Corporation
Hilti, Inc.                         EUCLID CHEMICAL                        Simpson Strong-Tie                    Sika Greenstreak
                                    Insulation Solutions, Inc.             SpecChem                              SYLVAN CONCRETE FORM
Foamed-in-place insulation          Mar-Flex Waterproofing & Building      TEC®/H.B. Fuller Construction          PRODUCTS
Dow Building Solutions               Products                               Products
Hilti, Inc.                                                                W. R. MEADOWS, INC.                   Flexible rubber
QUEST CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS         Vapor retarder (fluid-                                                       Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.
                                    applied)                               Portland cement-based                 BoMetals, Inc.
Rigid insulation                    AC•Tech, Allied Construction           ARDEX Americas                        JP Specialties, Inc. / Earth Shield
Dow Building Solutions               Technologies, Inc.                    Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.        Waterstop
Insulation Solutions, Inc.          Dow Building Solutions                 BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED        Sika Corporation
IntegraSpec ICF                     Gemite Products, Inc.                  ChemMasters, Inc.                     Sika Greenstreak
Thermomass                          LATICRETE International, Inc.          EUCLID CHEMICAL                       SYLVAN CONCRETE FORM
                                    Mar-Flex Waterproofing & Building      Gemite Products, Inc.                  PRODUCTS
Sandwich connectors                  Products                              Kaufman Products, Inc.
Dayton Superior                     QUEST CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS            LATICRETE International, Inc.         Injectable
Hughes Brothers, Inc.               Rhino Linings Corporation              QUIKRETE Companies, The               Fortius
Fortius                             ROCK-TRED                              Sika Corporation                      Mar-Flex Waterproofing & Building
Thermomass                          TEC®/H.B. Fuller Construction          Simpson Strong-Tie                     Products
                                     Products                              SpecChem                              Sika Corporation
Thermal breaks                                                             Super-Krete International, Inc.       Sika Greenstreak
Dow Building Solutions              Vapor retarder (polymer                TEC®/H.B. Fuller Construction         Simpson Strong-Tie
                                    sheet)                                  Products
Waterproof membranes                Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.        Vexcon Chemicals                      Self-expanding butyl strip
ARDEX Americas                      Chameleon Innovations                                                        Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.
Chameleon Innovations               Dow Building Solutions                 WATERSTOPS                            BoMetals, Inc.
Cosella-Dörken Products, Inc.       Fortifiber Building Systems Group      Chemical grouts                       GAMCO Concrete Formwork
Dow Building Solutions              Hohmann & Barnard                      EUCLID CHEMICAL                       JP Specialties, Inc. / Earth Shield
Gemite Products, Inc.               Insulation Solutions, Inc.             Fortius                                Waterstop
Hohmann & Barnard                   Mar-Flex Waterproofing & Building      Hilti, Inc.                           Sika Corporation
Insulation Solutions, Inc.           Products                              Kryton International, Inc.            Sika Greenstreak
Kryton International, Inc.          Raven Industries – Engineered          Sika Corporation                      SYLVAN CONCRETE FORM
LATICRETE International, Inc.        Films                                 Sika Greenstreak                       PRODUCTS
Mar-Flex Waterproofing & Building   Reef Industries, Inc.                  Simpson Strong-Tie
 Products                           Stego Industries, LLC                  Vexcon Chemicals                      Self-expanding rubber strip
Neptune Research, Inc.              W. R. MEADOWS, INC.                                                          BoMetals, Inc.
Newlook International, Inc.                                                Chemically resistant flexible         GAMCO Concrete Formwork
QUEST CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS         UNDERLAYMENTS                          BoMetals, Inc.                        Sika Corporation
Raven Industries – Engineered       Modified cement-based                  GAMCO Concrete Formwork               Sika Greenstreak
 Films                              ARDEX Americas                         JP Specialties, Inc. / Earth Shield
Rhino Linings Corporation           Atlas Construction Supply, Inc.         Waterstop
Sika Corporation                    BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED         Sika Corporation
            A                   AMSYSCO, Inc.
                                +1.630.296.8383
                                                                       Blastcrete Equipment
                                                                       Company
                                                                                                             ChemCo Systems, Inc.
                                                                                                             +1.650.261.3790;
ABATRON, Inc.                   www.amsyscoinc.com                     +1.800.235.4867                       +1.800.757.6773
+1.800.445.1754                                                        www.blastcrete.com                    www.chemcosystems.com
                                AP/M Permaform
www.abatron.com                 +1.800.662.6465                        Blastrac, NA                          ChemGrout, Inc.
ABC Polymer Industries, LLC     www.permaform.net                      +1.800.256.3440                       +1.708.354.7112
+1.205.620.9889                                                        www.blastrac.com                      www.chemgrout.com
                                AQUAJET SYSTEMS AB
www.abcpolymerindustries.       +46 (0) 383 50801                      BMH Systems                           ChemMasters, Inc.
com                             www.aquajet.se                         +1.888.793.9340                       +1.440.428.2105;
AC•Tech, Allied Construc-                                              www.bmhsystems.com                    +1.800.486.7866
                                ARDEX Americas
tion Technologies, Inc.                                                                                      www.chemmasters.net
                                +1.724.203.5000;                       BOMANITE INTERNATIONAL
+1.757.855.5100;                +1.888.512.7339                        LIMITED                               CHRYSO, Inc.
+1.800.607.5523                 www.ardexamericas.com                  +63 9178484859                        +1.800.936.7553
www.actechperforms.com                                                 www.bomaniteinternational.            www.chrysoinc.com
                                Atlas Construction Supply,
ADAPT Corporation                                                      com
                                Inc.                                                                         Computers & Structures, Inc.
+1.650.306.2400                 +1.858.277.2100                        BoMetals, Inc.                        +1.510.649.2200
www.adaptsoft.com               www.atlasform.com                      +1.800.862.4835                       www.csiamerica.com
Adhesives Technology Corp.                                             www.bometals.com
                                Atlas Copco Construction                                                     Concrete Fiber Solutions,
+1.954.782.2221;               Equipment                              Brokk, Inc.                           LLC
 +1.800.892.1880                +1.800.732.6762                        +1.800.621.7856                       +1.704.571.1323
 www.atcepoxy.com               www.atlascopco.us                      www.brokk.com                         www.concretefibersolutions.
Advanced Cement                                                                                              com
Technologies                                    B                      Burgess Pigment Company
                                                                       +1.478.552.2544                       Concrete Protection
+1.800.595.7552                                                        www.burgesspigment.com                Products, Inc.
                                BASF Corporation
www.metakaolin.com                                                                                           +1.336.993.2461
                                +1.800.628.9990                        Butterfield Color, Inc.
ADVANCED FLOOR                  www.master-builders-solutions.                                               www.fiberglassrebar.com
                                                                       +1.800.282.3388
PRODUCTS                        basf.us                                www.butterfieldcolor.com              Concrete Reinforcing Steel
+1.888.942.3144                                                                                              Institute (CRSI)
                                Bekaert Corporation
www.retroplatesystem.com
                                +1.800.372.6940                                        C                     +1.847.517.1200
AIRPLACO EQUIPMENT (div.        http://dramix.bekaert.com                                                    www.crsi.org
of Mesa Industries, Inc.)                                              Cementec Industries, Inc.
                                Bentley Systems, Inc.                  +1.403.720.6699                       ConShield Technologies
+1.513.321.2950                                                                                              +1.877.543.2094
                                +1.800.236.8539                        www.cementec.ca
www.airplaco.com                                                                                             www.conshield.com
                                www.bentley.com/structural
Allen Engineering                                                      CeraTech, Inc.
                                BinMaster                              +1.800.581.8397                       CONSTRUCOLOR USA
Corporation                                                                                                  +1.866.644.8324
                                +1.402.434.9102                        www.ceratechinc.com
+1.870.236.7751;                                                                                             www.construcolor.com
                                www.binmaster.com
+1.800.643.0095                                                        Chameleon Innovations
www.alleneng.com                Black Lab                              +1.888.695.3382                       Cortec Corporation
                                +1.800.258.3878                        www.chameleon.ca                      +1.651.429.1100;
Aluma Systems                                                                                                +1.800.426.7832
                                www.blacklabcorp.com;
+1.404.699.0979                                                        CHAOTIC PIGMENTS                      www.cortecvci.com;
                                www.fairmountsantrol.com
www.aluma.com                                                          +1.479.270.4787                       www.cortecmci.com
                                                                       www.chaoticpigments.com
Cosella-Dörken Products,       Custom Rock Formliner                  Denver Concrete Vibrator                 Dynamic Color Solutions,
Inc.                           +1.651.699.1345                        +1.800.392.6703;                         Inc.
+1.905.563.3255                www.customrock.com                     +1.303.778.8832                          +1.800.657.0737
www.cosella-dorken.com                                                www.denverconcretevibrator.              www.dynamiccolorsolutions.
Cresset Chemical Company                       D                      com                                      com
+1.800.367.2020;                                                      DEWALT
+1.419.669.2041
                               Davis Colors
                               +1.323.269.7311;                       +1.800.433.9258                                            E
www.cresset.com                +1.800.356.4848                        www.dewalt.com                           Elcometer, Inc.
CS Unitec, Inc.                www.daviscolors.com                                                             +1.800.521.0635
                                                                      Dexter + Chaney
+1.800.700.5919                Dayton Superior                        +1.800.875.1400                          www.elcometer.com
www.csunitec.com                                                      www.dexterchaney.com
                               +1.800.745.3700;                                                                ENERCALC, Inc.
CTS Cement Manufacturing       +1.937.866.0711                                                                 +1.949.645.0151;
                                                                      Dow Building Solutions
Corporation                    www.daytonsuperior.com                                                          +1.800.424.2252
                                                                      +1.866.583.2583
+1.800.929.3030                                                                                                www.enercalc.com
                               Decon U.S.A., Inc.                     http://dbs.dow.com/en
www.ctscement.com
                               +1.800.975.6990                                                                 Engineered Wire Products,
                               www.deconusa.com                       Dowel Bars and Baskets, LLC
CURECRETE DISTRIBUTION,                                                                                        Inc.
INC.                                                                  +1.816.994.9090
                               DeFelsko Corporation                   www.dowelbarsbaskets.com                 +1.419.294.3817
+1.800.998.5664
                               +1.315.393.4450;                                                                www.ewpinc.com
www.curecrete.com
                               +1.800.448.3835
                               www.defelsko.com
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Engrave-A-Crete
+1.417.924.2300;
                                                   G                      Hess Pumice Products, Inc.
                                                                          +1.208.766.4777
                                                                                                                Interstar Materials, Inc.
                                                                                                                +1.800.567.1857
+1.800.884.2114                    GAMCO Concrete Formwork                www.hesspumice.com                    www.interstar.ca
www.engraveacrete.com              +1.513.561.8331                        Hilti, Inc.
                                   www.gamcoform.com                                                            ITW Commercial Construc-
ERICO                                                                     +1.800.879.8000                       tion (Red Head, Buildex,
+1.800.248.2677                    GDB Software, Inc.                     www.us.hilti.com                      Ramset)
www.erico.com                      +1.800.845.6642                        Hohmann & Barnard                     +1.630.825.7900
                                   www.gdbsoftware.com                    +1.800.645.0616                       www.itwredhead.com;
ERIEZ
+1.814.835.6000                                                           www.h-b.com                           www.itwramset.com;
                                   Gemite Products, Inc.                                                        www.itwbuildex.com
www.eriez.com                      +1.905.672.2020                        Hycrete, Inc.
EUCLID CHEMICAL
+1.800.321.7628
                                   http://gemite.com                      +1.866.492.7383
                                                                          www.hycrete.com                                     J
                                   General Equipment
www.euclidchemical.com             Company                                Holcim (US), Inc.                     James Instruments, Inc.
                                   +1.800.533.0524                        +1.888.646.5246                       +1.800.426.6500;
E-Z Drill, Inc.                                                                                                 +1.773.463.6565
+1.800.272.0121                    www.generalequip.com                   www.holcim.us
                                                                                                                www.ndtjames.com
www.ezdrill.com                    Germann Instruments                    Hoskin Scientific
                                   +1.847.329.9999                        +1.905.333.5510                       JP Specialties, Inc. / Earth
EZ SCREED TOOLS
                                   www.germann.org                        www.hoskin.ca                         Shield Waterstop
+1.937.884.0081
                                                                                                                +1.800.821.3859
www.ezscreedtools.com              Giatec Scientific, Inc.                Hughes Brothers, Inc.                 www.jpspecialties.com
                                   +1.613.240.7451;                       +1.402.643.2991
              F                    +1.866.699.2243                        www.aslanfrp.com
                                                                                                                              K
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Fascut Industries, Inc.                                                   Humboldt Mfg. Co.
+1.608.643.6678                                                                                                 Kaufman Products, Inc.
                                   Glaze ‘N Seal Products                 +1.800.544.7220
www.fascut.com                                                                                                  +1.800.637.6372
                                   +1.800.486.1414                        www.humboldtmfg.com
                                                                                                                www.kaufmanproducts.net
Fibercon International, Inc.       www.glaze-n-seal.com                   Husqvarna Construction
+1.724.538.5006;                                                          Products                              Kraft Tool Co.
                                   Grace Construction                                                           +1.913.422.4848;
+1.800.521.9908                    Products                               +1.800.288.5040
www.fiberconfiber.com                                                     www.husqvarnacp.com                   +1.800.422.2448
                                   +1.617.876.1400                                                              www.krafttool.com
FORNEY, LP                         www.graceconstruction.com
+1.724.346.7400;                   Graco, Inc.
                                                                                          I                     Kryton International, Inc.
+1.800.367.6397                                                                                                 +1.604.324.8280;
                                   +1.877.344.7226                        IAI                                   +1.800.267.8280
www.forneyonline.com               www.graco.com                          +1.561.488.6369                       www.kryton.com
FORTA Corporation                  GRT — MAPEI                            ICC Evaluation Service, LLC
+1.724.458.5221;
+1.800.245.0306
                                   +1.651.454.4151                        +1.800.423.6587                                     L
                                   www.grtinc.com                         www.icc-es.org
www.forta-ferro.com                                                                                             L. M. Scofield Company
                                   GSSI                                   IMSI/Design                           +1.800.800.9900
Fortifiber Building Systems                                               +1.800.833.8082
                                   +1.603.893.1109                                                              www.scofield.com
Group                                                                     www.turbocad.com
                                   www.geophysical.com
+1.800.773.4777                                                                                                 Lafarge North America
www.fortifiber.com                                                        Infrasense, Inc.
Fortius
                                                   H                      +1.781.281.1686
                                                                                                                +1.773.372.1000
                                                                                                                www.lafarge-na.com
                                                                          www.infrasense.com
+32 13326873                       Headed Reinforcement                                                         LANXESS Corporation
www.fortius.be                     Corporation (HRC)                      Instron                               +1.800.526.9377
                                   +1.800.HRC.6775                        +1.800.877.6674                       www.bayferrox.com
Fortress Stabilization             www.hrc-usa.com                        www.instron.com
Systems                                                                                                         Larsen Products Corp.
+1.800.207.6204                    Headwaters Resources                   Insulation Solutions, Inc.            +1.800.633.6668
www.fortressstabilization.com      +1.888.236.6236                        +1.866.698.6562                       www.larsenproducts.com
                                   www.flyash.com                         www.insulationsolutions.com
Fritz-Pak Corporation                                                                                           LATICRETE International, Inc.
+1.214.221.9494                    HELIX STEEL                            IntegraSpec ICF
                                                                                                                +1.203.393.0010;
www.fritzpak.com                   +1.734.322.2114                        +1.613.634.1319;
                                                                                                                +1.800.243.4788
                                   www.helixsteel.com;                    +1.800.382.9102
                                                                                                                www.laticrete.com
                                   www.micro-rebar.com                    www.integraspec.com
LATICRETE SUPERCAP, LLC                     MEADOW BURKE LLC                                +1.800.421.5830                          Newlook International, Inc.
+1.866.704.2247                             +1.877.518.7665                                 www.mkdiamond.com                        +1.801.886.9495
www.laticretesupercap.com                   www.meadowburke.com                                                                      www.getnewlook.com
                                                                                            MMFX Steel Corporation
LTM Concrete                                Metzger/McGuire                                 +1.866.466.7878;                         Nitto Construction, Inc.
+1.888.258.0218                             +1.603.224.6122;                                +1.949.476.7600                          +1.847.593.7000
www.ltmconcrete.com                         +1.800.223.6680                                                                          www.concretetester.com
                                                                                            www.mmfx.com
                                            www.metzgermcguire.com
Lythic Solutions, Inc.                                                                      Myers Associates, Inc.                   Norchem, Inc.
+1.360.694.5347;                            MEVA Formwork Systems,                                                                   +1.631.724.8639
                                            Inc.                                            +1.888.293.2121
+1.888.598.4421                                                                                                                      www.norchem.com
                                            +1.937.328.0022                                 www.myerstest.com
www.lythic.net
                                            www.mevaformwork.com                                                                     Northeast Solite Corporation
                M                           Milwaukee Tool                                                  N                        +1.804.262.4570
                                            +1.800.SAWDUST (729.3878)                                                                www.nesolite.com
MAKO Enterprises LLC                                                                        Nemetschek Scia & Ectools
                                            www.milwaukeetool.com                                                                    Norton Corrosion Limited
+1.515.278.6256;                                                                            +1.410.290.5114
                                            Mixer Systems, Inc.                             www.nemetschek-scia.com                  LLC
+1.855.246.6256
                                            +1.262.691.3100                                                                          +1.800.426.3111
www.makoproducts.com                                                                        Neptune Research, Inc.
                                            www.mixersystems.com                                                                     www.nortoncorrosion.com
Mar-Flex Waterproofing &                                                                    +1.561.683.6992
                                            MK Diamond Products                                                                      Nox-Crete Products Group
Building Products                                                                           www.neptuneresearch.com
                                                                                                                                     +1.800.369.9800;
+1.800.498.1411;
+1.513.422.7285                                                                                                                      +1.402.341.2080
www.mar-flex.com                                                                                                                     www.nox-crete.com
                                      Companies indicated in RED are advertisers in this issue of Concrete International.
             O                  Pultrall, Inc.
                                +1.418.335.3202                        Roadware Incorporated
                                                                                                             STALITE
                                                                                                             +1.800.898.3772
Olson Instruments, Inc.         www.vrod.ca                            +1.651.457.6122                       www.stalite.com
+1.303.423.1212                                                        www.concretemender.com
www.olsoninstruments.com        Putzmeister America, Inc.                                                    Stego Industries, LLC
                                +1.262.886.3200                        ROCK-TRED                             +1.877.464.7834
Onset                           +1.800.884.7210                        +1.847.972.2125                       www.stegoindustries.com
+1.800.LOGGERS (564.4377)       www.putzmeisteramerica.                www.rocktred.com
www.onsetcomp.com               com                                                                          StoneAge, Inc.
                                                                       Rudd Company, Inc.                    +1.970.259.2869;
                                                                       +1.206.789.1000;
Optimet Concrete Products,
                                                Q
                                                                                                             +1.866.759.1586
Inc.                                                                   +1.800.444.7833                       www.stoneagetools.com
+1.224.848.4250                                                        www.skimstone.com
                                QuakeWrap, Inc.                                                              STRUCTUREPOINT
www.optimetconcrete.com
Oztec Industries, Inc.
                                +1.520.791.7000;
                                +1.866.782.5397                                        S                     +1.847.966.4357
                                                                                                             www.structurepoint.org
+1.516.883.8857;                www.quakewrap.com                      SASE Company, Inc.
+1.800.533.9055                                                        +1.800.522.2606                       StructureWorks, LLC
                                QUEST CONSTRUCTION                                                           +1.407.367.2400
www.oztec.com                   PRODUCTS                               www.sasecompany.com
                                                                                                             www.structureworks.net
                                +1.509.315.9764;
             P                  +1.855.817.3082
                                                                       Scott System, Inc.
                                                                       +1.303.373.2500                       Superabrasive, Inc.
                                www.quest-cp.com                       www.scottsystem.com                   +1.800.987.8403;
PERI Formwork Systems, Inc.                                                                                  +1.706.658.1122
+1.410.712.7225                 QUIKRETE Companies, The                Sensors & Software, Inc.              https://superabrasive.us
www.peri-usa.com                +1.404.634.9100                        +1.905.624.8909
                                www.quikrete.com                       www.sensoft.ca                        Super-Krete International,
Pile Dynamics, Inc.                                                                                          Inc.
+1.216.831.6131
www.pile.com/pdi                                R                      Sika Corporation
                                                                       +1.800.933.SIKA (7452)
                                                                                                             +1.800.995.1716
                                                                                                             www.super-krete.com
PNA Construction                Raven Industries –                     www.usa.sika.com
                                                                                                             Surface Gel Tek
Technologies                    Engineered Films
                                                                       Sika Greenstreak                      +1.888.872.7759
+1.770.455.6800;                +1.800.635.3456
                                                                       +1.800.325.9504                       www.surfacegeltek.com
+1.800.542.0214                 www.ravenefd.com
                                                                       www.greenstreakgroup.com
www.pna-inc.com                                                                                              Suwannee American
                                Red Seat Software
                                                                       Simpson Strong-Tie                    Cement LLC
Post-Tensioning Institute       +1.855.284.5778
                                                                       +1.800.999.5099                       +1.386.935.5000
+1.248.848.3180                 www.redseatsoftware.com
                                                                       www.strongtie.com                     www.suwanneecement.com
www.post-tensioning.org         REED Concrete Pumps &
                                                                       Skudo                                 SYLVAN CONCRETE FORM
PowerBlanket                    Shotcrete Equipment
                                                                       +1.888.758.3611                       PRODUCTS
+1.877.398.7407                 +1.909.287.2100;
                                                                       www.skudousa.com                      +1.800.842.1990, ext. 207;
www.powerblanket.com            +1.888.779.7333
                                                                                                             +1.503.639.9000
                                www.reedpumps.com                      SMITH Manufacturing
Powers Fasteners                                                                                             www.sylvan-products.com/
                                                                       +1.800.653.9311                       concrete
+1.800.524.3244                 Reef Industries, Inc.
                                                                       www.removefaster.com
www.powers.com                  +1.713.507.4251;
                                                                                                             SYNTHEON, Inc.
                                +1.800.231.6074                        SpecChem
Premier CPG                                                                                                  +1.412.749.0442
                                www.reefindustries.com                 +1.866.791.8700
+1.800.227.4287                                                                                              www.syntheoninc.com
                                                                       www.specchemllc.com
www.premiercpg.com              REXCON
ProAsh ®
                                +1.262.539.4050
                                www.rexcon.com
                                                                       Spectra QEST                                        T
                                                                       +1.888.360.8901
+1.540.966.6847                                                        www.spectraqest.com                   TEC /H.B. Fuller Construc-
                                                                                                                  ®
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Q&A
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                                                the official position of an ACI committee. Only a published committee document represents the
                                                formal consensus of the committee and the Institute.
                                                We invite comment on any of the questions and answers published in this column. Write to the
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A.
            As officially defined by the Institute, a standard is      tolerances for concrete construction and materials. This
            a mandatory-language document that has gone                document is intended to be used by specification writers
            through the ACI standardization process. Such              and ACI committees writing standards as the reference
documents include codes, specifications, and test methods.             document for establishing tolerances for concrete construction
However, many other ACI documents, such as handbooks,                  and materials.” A general note on the same page provides
manuals, guides, reports, technical notes, emerging technology         instructions regarding the use of the commentary associated
reports, and commentaries, are written in nonmandatory                 with ACI 117. It includes the statement that caught your
language and have not been through the standardization                 attention, as well as these instructions to the design
process. Therefore, these documents are not standards, and             professionals: “If items found in this document are desired
the quoted statement applies to them.                                  by the Architect/Engineer to be a part of the contract
   The reason that the vast majority of the documents that             documents, they shall be restated in mandatory language
ACI produces should not be referenced into contract                    for incorporation by the Architect/Engineer.”
documents is specifically because they do not instruct using               ACI 423.7-07 contains similar instructions. In effect, the
mandatory language. In a guide or report, the language is              left columns of the text within ACI 117-10 and ACI
permissive and includes clauses such as “the contractor                423.7-07 comprise the main parts of the documents. They
should…” or “the contractor might….” In a standard, the                are written in mandatory language and are all that are
language is unequivocal and will include clauses such as               referenced into ACI 301-10.
“the contractor shall…” or “the contractor must….”
   When a document becomes legally binding as part of a                References
contract or administrative law (a building code), the                     1. ACI Committee 301, “Specifications for Structural Concrete
language must be as succinct as the writer can make it. If a           (ACI 301-10),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI,
designer wishes to incorporate specific directions within a            2010, 77 pp.
nonmandatory language document as part of a project’s                     2. ACI Committee 117, “Specifications for Tolerances for Concrete
contract documents, those directions must be rewritten in              Construction and Materials (ACI 117-10) and Commentary,” American
mandatory language and explicitly stated in the contract               Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2010, 76 pp.
documents, either within a specification section or the                   3. ACI Committee 423, “Specifications for Unbonded Single-
general notes on the drawings.                                         Strand Tendon Materials (ACI 423.7-07) and Commentary,” American
   In brief, while some ACI documents can serve as reference           Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2007, 21 pp.
specifications, many cannot. The distinction is defined in
each document’s introductory notes. For example, an                      Thanks to Jeffrey W. Coleman, The Coleman Law Firm LLC,
introductory note to ACI 301-10 states: “This is a Reference           Minneapolis, MN, for reviewing the answer.
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                                                                        Image courtesy of Vanessa Jade Lacy