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Bioc 470 Notes Lecture 1

The document discusses fatty acid biosynthesis and storage. It begins by defining fatty acids as hydrocarbons with a carboxyl group that can range from 12-24 carbons. Common saturated and unsaturated fatty acids are described. Fatty acids serve structural, signaling, and energy storage functions. They are stored as triglycerides in adipose tissue for insulation. Fatty acid synthesis (FAS) occurs through the action of the enzyme fatty acid synthase (FAS), which produces fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA subunits. Regulation of FAS involves hormones like insulin, glucagon, and epinephrine that control levels of acetyl-CoA and malonyl-Co

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145 views3 pages

Bioc 470 Notes Lecture 1

The document discusses fatty acid biosynthesis and storage. It begins by defining fatty acids as hydrocarbons with a carboxyl group that can range from 12-24 carbons. Common saturated and unsaturated fatty acids are described. Fatty acids serve structural, signaling, and energy storage functions. They are stored as triglycerides in adipose tissue for insulation. Fatty acid synthesis (FAS) occurs through the action of the enzyme fatty acid synthase (FAS), which produces fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA subunits. Regulation of FAS involves hormones like insulin, glucagon, and epinephrine that control levels of acetyl-CoA and malonyl-Co

Uploaded by

anon_900161280
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Shortpresentations 3 min on techniques

longpresentations is min onpaperreservebasedoninterest


lectures exammaterial
Thursdayspapers noexam Examisshort Honganswer

Tuesday practicalapplications testable overlapsonTuesdays

Lecture 01: Fatty Acid Biosynthesis

Whatisfat tissue
Adipose

TAG These2 canbe


found
Fattyacid infood

whatis a fattyacid a hydrocarbontail w a COOH


group lo 24carbons

run decane

HIM decanol

Hymn decanal
o
decanoat saturatedFA
HYMN
HYMN
monounsaturated
Inthe body cis
naturalpreferencelikely
Sterilsbutwedon't
HYMN FA
polyunsaturated know
TransFA comefromfoods
D r a unnatural
burst w3w decanoicacid artificialdehydrogenation
generates50150cisltrans
7
1021N perfectlydescribesthisFA Sincebodyisn'tmeant to
consumetrans
ittakeslonger
common tobreakdown ilikelybad
palmitate116O
Palmitoleate 116L Dt
stearate 1801
Oleate 1811
Arachidonate 2041 prostaglandinsynthesis

Glycerol esterlinkages connectamphivalentglycerolt FA


Triglycerides
s c o E WBacetyl acylgroup
snz Lo I 3C c

I o
Sn3 C o Y
Q.whatarefattyacidsgoodfon.io
structuralcomponents ofmembranes PL
signalling molecules
Energy
themembranenearitssubstrate
proteinbringsitto
Usefulthings vitaminsaddingFAtosoluble

Insulation FA mustbe converted totriglyceride adipocytes lipiddroplets insulation

Q.whydowestoreenergyastn67

atOH got
Amphipathic detergentshelp
emulsifyhydrophobicthings
o't
gyptoH t Blood alipoproteintransportsfat
by
RequiresHiolpolar to
Easier pack ftp.t emulsifying it

makingfattyau.de

Alwaysevenchainedbcweput24242C ORodd5Acomefromaoxidation orfood

Enzyme FAS
2C 3C
Tp
Acetyl loA t Hlo Malonyl CoA Whymake MalloA l Cbond
acetylCoA Energetics
carboxylase
7 highenergypushesrxnforwardto
formthebonditself
CHz s core Z Es cop Regulation
AcCoA malion Nofutilecycles
solidCCbond
very Ensuresurvival

Makefattyacid 0 After a meal insulin since Acc is theRcs


Turn off FAS starvationbeforebreakfast1exerciseglucagon stress
epi thesehormoneswillregulate
it toaffectbiosynthesis
NOT FAS E

insulinactivates PP 2A
Akosterically citrateactivatesACC maininputofCAC sowhenlevels arehighwehaveenough togenerateAtp
soUk AcCoA forFAS
GLUCAGON activates 2kindles PKAAKACAMPdependentproteinkinase t AMPK NBthefindependently
Cosprotein when tampisnighthismean regulated
PKAgeneraeeg isinvolved energyis requiredilowclevee
CAMPApica in catabolism i badtimeto make FA
y phosphorylate
1
catabolism Ser
79,12001215

Allotterically Palmitoyt10Alendproduct FAD inhibits


There are 2 seperategenes that code
ACC

ACC1k liver1adipose tissue cytosol


makes sense Bc RLS OF FA biosynth
Whichoccurswhere westore fat

ACC
21ps muscle attached tomto
regulatory

TAsynth Hoo ATP


Acetyl CoA cytosol
malonylCOA

Boxidation
PalmitoyeCoA mtc 8Acetyl CoA Blocking Boxidationinturn 9glucoseoxidation
RLS is CPT1
Mtcimport

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