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Diesel Engine Fundamentals
INTRODUCTION
Eyad Bakri Mohammed September ,2015
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Introduction
• What is an Engine?
• Engine Performance Terminology.
• Engine Specifications.
• Combustion.
• Comparing Diesel and Benzene Engines.
• Diesel Engine Stroke.
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What is an
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Engine?
• An engine is a
device which
converts heat
energy from the
combustion into
useful mechanical
energy to do
work.
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Engine
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Terminology
• Power
• Torque
• Bore
• Stroke
• Displacement
• Compression Ratio.
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Power
• the rate at which work is performed.
Metric system….. kilowatt (kw),
English system… horsepower (hp).
1hp= 0.746 kw
1 kw = 1.340 hp
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Power
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output terms
• Indicated Horsepower (IHP)
• Brake Horsepower (BHP)
• Friction Horsepower (FHP)
BHP = IHP - FHP
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Torque
a turning or twisting force a measure of the load carrying
capacity of the engine
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Bore
• The cylinder bore is
the inside diameter
of the cylinder. (mm,
in.)
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Stroke
• The distance the
piston moves in the
cylinder from its
highest point, (TDC)
Top Dead Center to its
lowest point, (BDC)
Bottom Dead Center.
(mm, in.)
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Displacement
• The volume the piston displaces as it moves from BDC
to TDC. This determines the amount of air and fuel the
engine can burn
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Compression Ratio
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• Compression Ratio =
Total Cylinder Volume / Combustion Chamber Volume
• Diesel engines 13:1 to 22:1
• Gasoline engines 8:1 to 11.1
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Compression Ratio
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Combustion
• Air + Fuel + Heat = Combustion
Factors Control Combustion:
1. The volume of air compressed.
2. The type of fuel used.
3. The amount of fuel mixed with the air.
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Combustion
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1. Cylinder Liner 3
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2. Piston
3. Intake Valve 4 2
4. Exhaust Valve
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5. Cylinder Head
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Comparing Diesel and Benzene Engines 15
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Fuel Spark Fuel + Air
Air
Mixture
Diesel Gasoline
Engine Engine
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Diesel
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• 4 Stroke Diesel Engine
• 2 Stroke Diesel Engine.
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4
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Stroke Diesel Engine
EXHAUST
INTAKE POWER
COMPRESSION
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2 Stroke
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