National/Provincial Energy Policies, Supply/

Demand & Planning

Dr. Arif Khattak

Outline
01 Energy – Pakistan’s Perspec5ve
02 Produc5on – Transmission - Regulariza5on
03 Energy Produc5on
04 Genera5on by Sources
05 Energy – Genera5on via Sources over the 5meline
06 Energy - Structural Bodies
 •  Pakistan’s founda5on and Need of Electricity
–  60 MW in 1947
Energy: –  Water Shortages - Agricultural country
–  Electricity Shortages – High demand & increase in popula5on
Pakistan
Perspective
•  WAPDA
–  Founded in 1958-59 through an Act of parliament
–  Mandate – Development of water and hydropower resources efficiently
–  Consists of three bodies – Water, Power and Finance

Two en..es were working at that .me:

Ø  WAPDA
Ø  KESC (working since 1913) as a private limited company
 Electricity Produc.on, Transmission & Regula.on

Produc.on
Energy –
Pakistan’s •  Main Electricity Producers in Pakistan,
–  Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA)
Perspective –  Karachi Electric Supply Company (KESC)
–  Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC)
–  Independent Power Plants (IPPs)

Transmission
•  Electricity Transmission,
–  Na5onal Transmission & Dispatch Company (NTDC)

Regula.on
•  Electricity Regulator,
–  Na5onal Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA)
 Produc.on

•  Main Electricity Producers in Pakistan,

–  Karachi Electric Supply Company (KESC)
•  Electricity supplier to Karachi and nearby villages
Energy – •  Ini5ally – 6MW by diesel & 23MW via two steam power plants
Production •  Refugees arrival – 30MW added via another steam power plant

–  Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA)

•  Electricity produc5on in 1959 increased to 119 MW
•  Within 5 years – 636 MW
•  Built several dams and canals/barrages
–  Mangla Dam – 1967
–  Tarbela Dam – 1976

–  Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC)
•  First nuclear power reactor – 137 MW in 1972

–  Independent Power Plants (IPPs)

•  1994 severe energy crises – IPPs founda5on
•  1997 hubco & other IPPs added – 2581MW
 Pakistan’s Electricity Genera5on by Source

Generation
Sources

•  Thermal Power, cons5tutes around 70% that includes energy from;

•  Oil
•  Natural Gas
•  Coal
•  Hydel Energy and other Renewable Resources; cons5tutes around 30%
 Energy – Generation via sources
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Rev

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

40

35
% consumption annlually

30

25

20

15

10

0
Oil Gas Coal Hydro Nuclear
Energy resources
Fig. 3. Energy consumption from various resources in Pakistan from 2010 to 2016 [14].
gy resources
Energy – Pakistan’s vs World
ources in Pakistan from 2010 to 2016 [14].

40
35
30
% power generation

25
20
15
Pakistan
10
World
5
0

Power generating resouces

Fig. 4. Global and Pakistan fuel mix for power generation of year 2015 [37].
 Energy – Supply & Demand
70,000

65,000
Demand
60,000
Supply
55,000

50,000

45,000
Demand/Supply (MW)

40,000

35,000

30,000

25,000

20,000

15,000

10,000

5,000

0
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Year
 Energy – Structural bodies

GOVERNMENT OF PAKISTAN

Pakistan
Ministry of
Atomic Provinces AJK
Gilgit
Water NEPRA Baltistan
Energy
& Power
Commission

Khyber
WAPDA AEDB PEPCO PPIB CHASNUPP KANUPP Pukhtoon Punjab Sindh Balochistan
Khwa

Private
Sector
Water
Mega Dams GENCOs DISCOs NTDC
Projects

IPPs/ SIPPs
IPPs
(Small Hydel, Wind,
(Hydel, Oil, CPPs KESC
Solar, Bio Diesel, Bio
Gas, Coal)
Mass, Cogeneration)