Pilot Preflight and Takeoff Guide
Pilot Preflight and Takeoff Guide
Notes :
1) ELECTRICAL POWER UP Sup Procedures 6
DARK COCKPIT
NO ELEC SOURCE MAIN BAT , powers APU inlet , APU starter, Fire protection
and HOT BAT BUS
HOT BAT BUS powers ;
- APU fire extinguisher
- Engine fire extinguisher
- ADIRU ,as long as ADIRU pb is ON
- The filed flight plan with the airways and waypoints entered on the ROUTE pages
- The computer flight plan total distance and estimated fuel remaining with the
FMC-calculated distance to destination and the calculated fuel remaining at
destination on the PROGRESS page
LEGS page with the computer flight plan; Wpt, magnetic tracks and distances
A rolling takeoff is recommended for setting takeoff thrust. It expedites the takeoff
and reduces the risk of foreign object damage or engine surge/stall due to a tailwind or
crosswind. It is strongly advised with Crosswind >20 and Tailwind >5
The FCOM is not valid for dispatch performance based on optimized V1 (unbalanced
field length), Improved Climb, alternate forward CG limit, or contaminated or slippery
runway. EFB take in count all factor and must be used to determinate take off speeds.
Takeoff into headwind of 20 knots or greater may result in HOLD before the autothrottle
can make final thrust adjustments
Rotation : 2-2,5º per second 4´´
To increase tail clearance during strong crosswind conditions, consider using a higher VR
if takeoff performance permits. This can be done by:
• using improved climb takeoff performance
• increasing VR speed to the performance limited gross weight rotation speed, not to
exceed actual gross weight VR + 20 knots. Set V speeds for the actual gross weight.
Rotate at the adjusted (higher) rotation speed.
This increased rotation speed results in an increased stall margin, and meets takeoff
performance requirements
Using Derated + ATM = If more power is required , for example for WSHEAR
- Advance manually
- In the air Set TOGA sw
If more thrust is needed (up to maximum thrust) when the airplane is on the ground and
HOLD mode is displayed, the thrust levers must be manually advanced.
After the airplane is in the air, pushing a TO/GA switch advances the thrust levers
to maximum available thrust and THR REF is annunciated.
When long runways we use the excees in length to accelerate to higher TO and climb
speeds. This improves the climb gradient. V1,VR and V2 increase
The only speed that can be obtain from Fcom/QRH is Vref 30 because this speed only
depends of gross weight and flap configuration
To sum up
If Actual CG for take off is less than 25% - FWR LIMIT must be used
If Actual CG for Take off is between 25 and 31 – 25% must be used
If Actual CG fot Take off is greater than 31 - 31% must be used
In HOLD mode , will not advance thrust levers to support stall protection. When in
HOLD mode, thrust lever servos are inhibited and the autothrottle does not control
thrust or speed. Thrust levers can be manually advanced.
Autothrottle Modes
THR – autothrottle applies thrust to maintain the climb/descent rate required by the
pitch mode
THR REF – thrust set to the reference thrust limit displayed on EICAS
IDLE – displays while the autothrottle moves thrust levers to idle; IDLE mode is followed
by HOLD mode
HOLD – thrust lever autothrottle servos are inhibited. The pilot can set thrust levers
manually
SPD – autothrottle maintains command speed. Speed can be set using the MCP
IAS/MACH selector or by the FMC, as displayed on the CDU CLIMB, CRUISE, or DESCENT
page
Maximum Thrust with EEC in Normal Mode : Full Forward until stop
With EEC in Alternate Mode : To TO or GA limit.
TAKE OFF
During the takeoff roll, the autothrottle commands the thrust and the FMC commands
acceleration to between V2+15 and V2+25 knots, based on rate of rotation.
At ACC ALT VNAV commands acceleration to a speed 5 knots below the flap placard
speed for the existing flap setting. With Flap 0 command ECON CLB SPEED always
greater than VREF + 80 kt
CLIMB
Altitude Intervention
If an unplanned level-off is required, setting the altitude window to the required
altitude causes the airplane to level at the set altitude. VNAV SPD changes to
VNAV ALT
Exercises
1) Intercept Course From .Name+ From course
OAT090
2) Present Position and Outbound Course
Enter P/P and outbound course in the scratchpad
3) Airway Intercept
LNAV can be used to intercept an airway. An airway intercept changes the active
waypoint on the RTE and LEGS pages.
Example
The active route is direct EPH, then direct MWH. ATC clears the airplane to:
• turn right heading 110
• intercept V2 to MWH
ROUE PAGE
VIA – Airways
TO – Point
The system shows the waypoint nearest of you position.
LEGS page Intercept Course to PLUSS
The FMC transitions out of "on approach" under the following conditions:
• the pilot selects TOGA
• the airplane lands
• the airplane flies beyond the last waypoint in the approach (missed
approach waypoint or runway). The VNAV page title changes from
"ACT xxxxx DES" to "ACT END OF DES"
AUTOMATIC LANDING
Pushing the APP switch arms localizer in roll mode and glideslope in pitch mode.
Glideslope capture is inhibited until the localizer is captured.
Descent on the localizer can be accomplished using VNAV, V/S, FLCH, or FPA pitch
modes. The localizer mode cannot capture if the intercept angle exceeds 120 degrees
VREF+5 knots and landing flaps, there is sufficient wind and gust protection available
with the autothrottle active.
If a manual landing is planned with the autothrottle connected in gusty or high wind
conditions, consider positioning the command speed to VREF + 10 knots.
This helps protect against a sudden loss of airspeed during the flare.
Runway Alignment
With crosswinds, the crabangle is reduced at touchdown. Runway alignment also
compensates for a single engine approach.
- For crosswind < 10 kt - Alignmetn at 500 ft
- For crosswind 5-10 kt – First alignment at 500 ,second at 200 ft
- For crosswind < 5 kt . No alignment
- For EO before APP - sideslip At 1300 ft
Flare
Only available LAND3 or LAND2 . No for single AP or FD operations
- At 50 ft FLARE is initiated
- Between 50-25 . A/THR to Idle
Rollout
- Rollout arms when LAND 3 or LAND 2 annunciates.
- At 2 ft ROLL OUT in FMA
CLIMB
“ Cross SITA at or below FL160 and 280 kts” LEGS page 280/160B
Altitude intervention
Inhibit NAV Aid : INIT + NAV DATA (6R) FCOM 11.42.32 and SP11
HOLDING
* EO HOLD must be of 5 NM legs and 2 NN radios turn
CLIMB
Altitude Intervention
If an unplanned level-off is required, setting the altitude window to the required
altitude causes the airplane to level at the set altitude. VNAV SPD changes to
VNAV ALT
Exercises
1) Intercept Course From .Name+ From course
OAT090
2) Present Position and Outbound Course
Enter P/P and outbound course in the scratchpad
3) Airway Intercept
LNAV can be used to intercept an airway. An airway intercept changes the active
waypoint on the RTE and LEGS pages.
Example
The active route is direct EPH, then direct MWH. ATC clears the airplane to:
• turn right heading 110
• intercept V2 to MWH
ROUE PAGE
VIA – Airways
TO – Point
The system shows the
waypoint nearest of you
position.
LEGS page Intercept
Course to PLUSS
[] AUTO STAR L
NOTE : BULLETIN 777-18
During AUTOSTART , EEC controls FUEL and IGNITION but NO OIL Tª or
PRESSURE.
AutoStar syst monitor ( ON gorund ) engines parameters and will abort the star in case of
- Hot Start 4´´
- Hung Start 4´´
- NO EGT raise 4´´
- No N1 rotation no 2nd
- Insuficient Air press no 2nd
- Start time exceeds no 2nd
AUTO START makes 3 attemps on gorund after 4 sec/ 30 sec depends on condition.
Unlimited in Air
On the ground, autostart does not attempt a second or third start if there is no N1
rotation, insufficient air pressure, the starter shaft fails, the EGT exceeds the start
limit line, or the start time exceeds the starter duty cycle. The EICAS caution
message ENG AUTOSTART (L or R) is displayed.
D – Diagnose (what is the problem) . We had a hot start / aborted engine due to No N1,..
O – Options . We can call maintance or try a manual start
D – Decide Manual Start is the best option
A – Act or Assign . Capt : I call ATC and Ground ,you look for the Manual Start C/L in
Sup techniques
R – Review (can involve addition of new information, and/or the ongoing result(s) of
selected option)
NADP 1
NADP 2
- THR RED and ACC at the same altitude
- Avoid Noise far the airport
Place Bearing Distance / Distance WPT
“ After DIXIE direct COYLE ( CYN) 360º radial 15 DME” LEGS – CYN360/15
[] ELEC GEN OFF L
DODAR
D : We had a fault of Gen
O: It is solved and no affected to our
flight , so I suggest continuing
D : CONTINUE
A : I have Ctrl you COM
“ Join V166 to intercept V170 to PALEO, direct MOSBY” RTE V166 BELOW V170
… PALEO
DODAR
If an EFIS control panel fails, the displays can be controlled through the related
CDU.
If the EFIS control panel or the display select panel fails, a manual selection
of the CDU backup mode can be made on the MENU page.
SMOKE ,FIRE OR FUMES Bulletin 777-23 October ,2007
PF PM
Mask if needed
“ I HAVE CTRL AND COM “ NNC “Smoke fire or fumes” 8.6
HOLDING
Maximum number of Approaches (3)
- After Go around the capt decides to do another (2 )
- If a second approach is unsuccessful, the aircraft should divert to the
destination alternate or hold until the weather conditions improve
sufficiently for a third approach,
- For attend a Third approach :
o Reported Ceiling and/or Visibility ,2.5 improve
o No presence of Severe Weather (i.e. Thunderstorms,
Cumulonimbus Clouds, Windshear,
o No SIGMET or Convective SIGMET issued for the aerodrome of
intended landing.
- If a third approach is unsuccessful, the aircraft shall divert to the alternate
aerodrome
* The pattern size is limited to FAA or ICAO protected airspace. In LNAV, the AFDS
tracks the holding pattern using up to a 30 degree bank angle. Strong winds or airspeed
in excess of FAA or ICAO entry
* Speed is reduced 3 min before
* The initial outbound leg should be flown for 1 minute when at or below 14,000 feet or
1 1/2 minutes when above 14,000 feet or as required by the regulatory authority
MFTD 4
In case of LEAK detected , the syst automatically isolates the leak closing the
respectives Isolation valves. After the syst isolates the leak and the leak is no longer
EICAS message BLEED LOSS BODY
ENGINE OVERHEAT
FCTM 4.13.
OPT – calculation of OPT altitude is based on gross weight, cost index, cruise speed
schedule, and cruise cg. Wind and temperature deviations from standard day are not
used in the calculation
LRC speed would result in a lower driftdown altitude but better fuel performance
*** If the excess airspeed cannot be reduced with the airplane in nearly level flight, then
the FMC transitions to the VNAV PTH mode. In the VNAV PTH mode, the FMC
commands a flight path for a 300 fpm descent rate. The autothrottle SPD mode then
controls the airspeed.
If the FMC is inoperative use turbulence penetration airspeed to driftdown and the
engine out long-range cruise tables in the QRH
DODAR
D- We had to shutdown the engine due to an overheat indication
O – In this condition a suggested landing in ….
D – Come Back
A – Please inform ATC our intentions and prepare the approach in …
I keep control and call company and CRS.
Determine ETA
REPORT ABEAM
Report Abeam Cedar lake VCN—FIX INFO
LOC APPRAOCH
LNAV/VNAV
FLAP 1,5 Advise CREW SEAT BELS OFF/ON
ARM LNAV/LOC “ Approach fix…. Ft”
2NM before FAF verify ALT,VNAV PTH or VNAV ALT
SET DA(H) ,MDA(H)
FLAP 20 LDG , SPEED BRK ARM “ RA alive”
LANDING CHECK LIST
At 300 ft below MISSED AP ALT set MISSED APRCH ALT
“Approaching minimums” “Minimums”
LOC
FLAP 1, 5
ARM LOC
“LOC ALIVE” → →
SET MDA ALT WINDOW ( must be in AUTO psc)
2NM BEFORE FAF SET V/S FPA
AT FAF; SET 3º
FLAP 25 º
At 300 ft below MISSED ALT set MISSED APRCH ALT
“LANDING CHECK LIST”
AP off , FD off , FD PM ON →
FIRE ENGINE R
[] FIRE ENGINE R
Recall Items
After Recall items ;
PF- “ Set ENG OUT promt”
- Set EO ALT in MCP
- EXE
- INFORM ATC
PM- INFORM ATC
OFFPATH DESCENT
Evaluate if flight direct a …. Is
successful
The ranges are based on an entered waypoint and altitude constraint. The range
can be used to determine if the altitude constraint can be met in a direct descent
to the waypoint.
The FMC puts the last descent waypoint with an altitude constraint into DES TO
- Outside the CLEAN circle ; A direct descent to
point is possible in IDLE and clean configuration
- Inside the CLEAN circle : A direct descent to
point is possible with IDLE and SPD BRAKE
extended
- Inside the DRAG circle : A direct Descente is
not possible.
The FMC transitions out of "on approach" under the following conditions:
• the pilot selects TOGA
• the airplane lands
• the airplane flies beyond the last waypoint in the approach (missed
approach waypoint or runway). The VNAV page title changes from
"ACT xxxxx DES" to "ACT END OF DES"
FUEL IMBALANCE
IN ROUTE
The flight must be conducted so that the expected usable fuel remaining on arrival
at the destination aerodrome is not less than:
1) The required alternate fuel plus final reserve fuel, or
2) The final reserve fuel if no alternate aerodrome is required
To improve the fuel :
- Fly close of the Optimun FL
- Adjust the Cost index
- Request a direct route
- Select a close alternate
- Cancel the alternate
IF NOT ; the commander must take into account the traffic and the operational
conditions at the destination and alternate aerodrome or at any other adequate
aerodrome, and decide if :
- proceed to the destination aerodrome and land with no less than reserve
- or to divert and land with no less than reserve
- or choose other alternate aerodrome and land with no less than reserve
If the FOB does not allow to land in destination with FUEL = Alternate +
Reserve, we can continue the flight to DESTINATION if
DECLARE
“MINIMUM FUEL” Any change to the existing clearance to that aerodrome
may result in landing with less than planned final reserve fuel
“MAYDAY MAYDAY MAYDAY FUEL”, when usable fuel predicted to be
is less than the planned final reserve fuel.
*APU : The system only “FIRE” if both loops detect the fire
* When APU fire is detected
- APU automatic Shutdown on ground and air
- Automatic discharged only on ground with both engines are shutdown ( no
during taxi ,…)
PF – “ There is a problem with the star valve, we need coordinate with ground”
Inform ATC we request maintain this position for 5 min”
PM – Control Qtr … we request maintain this position to solve a issue
Icing conditions exist when OAT (on the ground) or TAT (in-flight) is 10°C
or below and any of the following exists:
• visible moisture (clouds, fog with visibility of one statute mile (1600
m) or less, rain, snow, sleet, ice crystals, and so on) is present, or
• ice, snow, slush, or standing water is present on the ramps, taxiways,
or runways.
CAUTION: Do not use engine anti-ice when OAT (on the ground) is above 10°C.
Do not use engine or wing anti-ice when TAT (in-flight) is above 10°C.
Engine Start Procedure ; Additional Warm- up > 3min to allow oil temperature to
reach the normal range .ENGINE ANTIICE ON
Before Taxi Procedure:
- If there is snow or ice accumulation on the wing, consider delaying the flight
control check until after de-icing/anti-icing is accomplished
- Taxi with Flaps UP
Taxi
When engine anti-ice is required and the OAT is 3°C or below, do an engine run up, as
needed, to minimize ice build-up. Use the following procedure: C
Check that the area behind the airplane is clear.
Run-up to a minimum of 50% N1 for approximately 1 second duration at intervals no
greater than 60 minutes.
Take off
Run-up to as high a thrust setting as practical (minimum of 50% N1), confirm stable
engine operation, and if vibration indications are available, ensure engine vibration
indications are below 4 units before the start of the takeoff roll.
Ice accumulation on the flight deck window frames, windshield center post, or windshield
wiper arm, or side windows may be used as an indication of structural icing conditions
and the need to turn on wing anti–ice.
CAUTION: Do not use wing anti-ice when TAT is above 10
[] ANTI ICE WING
CRUISE
Intercept course form present position
Fly course 200
PROG 3 /4
ENG FAIL L FCTM 4.12 / FCOM 11.31.36
[] ENG FAIL L PF PM
“ Engine fail “ Flight path and Navigation stablished “ CHECK”
When executing the ENG OUT modification, the reference thrust limit becomes CON,
thrust levers advance to CON, the default command speed is EO SPD, and the EO
MAX altitude shows as the cruise altitude in 1L. The EO MAX altitude shown in
1L does not change with time or changes in command speed.
A driftdown descent does not start until setting the altitude at or below EO MAX altitude
and pushing the altitude selector
The command speed is E/O SPD. The rate of descent of 300 fpm
* LRC speed would result in a lower driftdown altitude but better fuel performance.
* For best fuel performance select the engine-out LRC mode following a minimum drag
speed (E/O) driftdown
* If the FMC is inoperative use turbulence penetration airspeed to driftdown and the
engine out long-range cruise tables in the QRH.
Holding
“ Expect Holding at OCK”
* The pattern size is limited to FAA or ICAO protected airspace. In LNAV, the AFDS
tracks the holding pattern using up to a 30 degree bank angle. Strong winds or airspeed
in excess of FAA or ICAO entry
* Speed is reduced 3 min before
* The initial outbound leg should be flown for 1 minute when at or below 14,000 feet or
1 1/2 minutes when above 14,000 feet or as required by the regulatory authority
Fuel jettison
VNAV should be used only for approaches that have one of the following features:
• a published GP angle on the LEGS page for the final approach segment
• a RWxx waypoint at the approach end of the runway
• a missed approach waypoint before the approach end of the runway (for example,
MXxx)
- Enter 125 feet for vertical RNP. While there are no vertical RNP values published
o Exceedance alert to occur at 75 feet or slightly
- No NAV UNABLE RNP alert displayed before starting the approach
- Select LNAV no later than the IAF
- VNAV PTH must be engaged for all segments with GP angle.
- If temperature is within the range on the chart no corrections are need
ON GROUND
Cold weather operations review SUPL TECH 16
TAXI
DISPLAY SELECT PNL
EFIS Control Panels and Display Select Panel
(DSP) – CDU Alternate Control
[ ] FIRE CARGO
PF PNF
“ I HAVE CTRL “ EVALUATE
OK I HAVE CTRL PM PERFORM THE NNC Do “NNC “
First attack the fire and when everything is under control and
you know if the Fire continues or not ,then communicate to Check the
ATC. If You call while the other pilot is performing the NNC temperature on
became disordered Cargo
COM : MAY DAY X3 QTR… WE HAVE INDICATIONS OF FIRE IN THE
compartments
CARGO COMPARTMENT ,REQUEST …. AND FIRE SERVICE READY ON
GROUND
SYS AIR
REQUEST “NNC”
[] PACK LEFT
[] CABIN ALTITUDE B777 22´
PF PM
Any time of Cabin altitude is
increasing :
- Set Setbelts ON
- Request Rapid Descent.
PRAM ( pre recorder announcement PASS OXY PUSH AND HOLD 1 SEC, if
message) Cabin altitude exceed 15000 ft
PF - FIRST LOOP PM
ALT ,TURN FL 100 OR MEA + FLCH SEAT BELTS ON
HDG , TURN IF REQUIRED EXT LIGHTS
FLCH , use actual speed. Always suspect structural failure TCAS BELOW
until be sure there is not
XPRD 7700
CALL ATC "MAY DAY X2,QTR..
EMERGENCY DESCENT RQST FL
100/MEA, ALTIMETER SETTING AND
CALL YOU BACK”
NNC CABIN ALTITUDE
PF –SECOND LOOP
ADJUST ALTITUDE SELECTOR Press TERR switch in
case of any doubt about lowest safe altitude. And use maps
terrain altitude information to add 2000 feet over the higher
display value. The mini map always shows terrain
information at a range of 20NM and the ND the selected
range scale.
* Use of the autopilot with FLCH mode is the recommended technique for
rapid descents
*The autothrottle system will set the thrust lever at idle, but check anyway
both lever are at idle
*Check TCAS is set in BELOW
This additional step, made by PM, should be especially be done in heavy
traffic areas like Europe and small vertical separation like RVSM
* NOTE: It is important the fly crew not attempt to manually close outflow
valves during descend
DESCENT PREPARATION
MODIFY GO AROUND “ Climb Straight ahead passing 2000 ft turn right direct CHT ,clib to 3000
ft and HOLDING ( SW on the 240º radial LT)
The flaps and slats extend simultaneously, but slat retraction is inhibited until the
flaps are up.
Alternate mode flap and slat extension is limited to slats midrange and flaps 20.
Asymmetry protection, uncommanded motion protection, autoslats, and flap/slat load
relief are not available in the alternate mode.
REMEMBER :
- Anticipate the configuration Flaps and Slats move very slow
- Select Flap Speed when the flap reach the position
TAKE OFF EO