See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.
net/publication/295908994
Study on Self Compacting Concrete – A Review Dinesh A
Article in International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research · February 2016
DOI: 10.17577/IJERTV5IS020349
CITATION READS
1 2,284
1 author:
Sathish Raja
Sri Krishna College of Technology
4 PUBLICATIONS 3 CITATIONS
SEE PROFILE
All content following this page was uploaded by Sathish Raja on 26 February 2016.
The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.
Published by : International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)
http://www.ijert.org ISSN: 2278-0181
Vol. 5 Issue 02, February-2016
Study on Self Compacting Concrete – A Review
K. Sathish Raja1 Dinesh A
Assistant Professor, Assistant Professor,
Department of Civil Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering,
Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Technology, Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Technology,
Coimbatore, India Coimbatore, India
Abstract - Concrete is one of the versatile construction performance concrete. The quality of concrete construction
materials which are used worldwide. Self Compacting is of utmost importance in order to have a durable concrete
Concrete is a type of concrete which is capable of flowing into structure and one of the reasons to make a durable structure
the form work uniformly, without segregation and bleeding, is proper compaction which requires skilled labors but due
better finishes, easier placement, thinner concrete sections, no
to shortage of skilled labors full compaction. The solution
vibration, safer working environment without any application
of vibration. Due to many advantages like faster construction, to this is the use of self-compacting concrete which
reduction in site for thinner concrete sections, improved compacts in every corner of formwork. The use of SCC is
durability, suitability for congested reinforcement; this rising steadily over the years because of their advantages
concrete becomes popular in civil engineering construction. and many scientists and organizations carried out research
And also day by day the waste materials like fly-ash, silica on properties of SCC .It is the concrete which is fully
fume, marble powder etc. from the industries is increasing in compacted without segregation without external energy.
India. Hence, a review is presented to make use of those waste SCC has economic, social and environmental benefits over
products in the self compacting concrete. This study mainly conventionally vibrated concrete. SCC is made from the
focuses on the self compacting concrete which is prepared by
same basic constituents as conventional concrete but with
partially replacing cement with industrial by-products. To
understand the behavior of the self compacting concrete, the the addition of a viscosity modifying admixture and high
fresh and mechanical properties along with the durability levels of super-plasticizing admixtures to impart high
characteristics have been discussed. workability.
Keywords: Self compacting concrete, Industrial by-products, Review of Literature
fresh properties, mechanical properties, durability Prof. Shriram H. Mahure (2014)[1] had studied about the
fresh and hardened properties of self compacting concrete
INTRODUCTION using Fly ash as partial replacement of cement in different
SCC is basically a concrete which is capable of flowing percentages in addition to filler. The fresh properties have
into the form work, without segregation and bleeding, been determined by computing the Slump value, V-funnel
reduces manpower, better finishes, easier placement, better value and L-box value and the hardened properties are
durability, thinner concrete sections, lesser noise levels, no determined by computing the Compressive strength,
vibration, safer working environment, to fill uniformly and Flexural strength and Split tensile strength of the
completely every corner of it by its own weight without any specimens. It is observed that the fresh properties of
application of vibration or other mechanism during placing concrete shows an acceptable value upto 30% replacement
of concrete. Due to many advantages like faster of fly ash and also the hardened properties of concrete is
construction, reduction in site for thinner concrete sections, significantly improved when compared to the conventional
improved durability, suitability for congested mix.
reinforcement; this concrete becomes popular in civil
engineering construction. The advantages of SCC make this Sherif.A.Khafaga (2014)[2] had investigated about the fresh
concrete more desirable all over the world which includes and hardened properties of self compacting concrete using
faster construction. Such concrete should have low yield recycled concrete aggregate as both coarse and fine
value to ensure high flow ability, a moderate viscosity to aggregates. The concrete were prepared by replacing 25%,
resist segregation and bleeding, and must maintain its 50% and 75% of coarse and fine recycled aggregates. The
homogeneity during transportation, and placing to ensure study consisted of thirteen concrete mixes which reflect the
adequate structural performance and long term durability. It key variables and their effects on the fresh and hardened
has three essential fresh concrete properties filling ability, properties of the produced SCC. The results indicated that
passing ability and segregation resistance. SCC can save the properties of the recycled aggregates SCCs have only a
labour, eliminate consolidation noise and lead to innovative slight difference, in their properties from the natural
construction methods. The demand of Self Compacting aggregates SCC. The recycled concrete aggregate as both
Concrete (SCC) is growing rapidly due to the shortage of coarse and fine aggregates can successfully be used for
skilled labours; it is also proved to be more economical, making of SCC.
durable and termed as high
IJERTV5IS020349 384
(This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.)
Published by : International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology
http://www.ijert.org (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181
Vol. 5 Issue 02, February-2016
M.Iyappan (2014) [3] had investigated about the fresh and properties of concrete show an acceptable value till 20%
hardened properties of self compacting concrete in which replacement of kiln dust and above 20% the values gets
the Portland cement is partially replaced with nano silica. decreased. He also concluded that with the replacement of
In addition the durability properties of the concrete like dust kiln the hardened properties of concrete such as
acid resistance using HCL were also examined with three compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile
different percentages of nano-silica. He concluded that 2% strength had been increased at the age of 91 days compared
and 4% replacement of nano silica results in improved to 28 day strength.
hardened properties where as 6% replacement of nano
silica results in reduction in hardened properties of Abbas Al-Ameeri (2013)[8] had investigated about the self
concrete. He also obtained that 4% replacement of nano compacting concrete in which the steel fiber is partially
silica results in better acid resistance of the concrete. replaced. He studied the fresh properties that comprise of
flow ability, passing ability and viscosity and computed the
B.H.V.Pai (2014)[4] had investigated about the self hardened properties like compressive strength, split tensile
compacting concrete where Ground Granulated Blast strength and flexural strength of the specimens. He
furnace slag (GGBS) and Silica fume (SF) is partially concluded that with the increase in fiber content the
replaced with cement. He concluded that the flowing ability workability of the concrete is reduced. He also concluded
and passing ability of the concrete were satisfied with the that at an optimum percentage of 0.75% to 1% replacement
EFNARC guidelines. He observed that the GGBS based of steel fibers, the compressive strength, split tensile
self compacting concrete exhibits improved mechanical strength and flexural strength characteristics of the self
properties compared to the SF based self compacting compacting concrete had been improved.
concrete. He also analyzed that GGBS can be replaced up
to 80% to achieve strength of 30Mpa. B.Beerlingegowda (2013)[9] had studied about the
properties of self compacting concrete which is obtained by
Rafat Siddique (2013) [5] investigated about the strength partially replacing cement with limestone powder. He
and durability properties of Self-Compacting concrete computed the fresh properties and hardened properties of
which is obtained by partially replacing natural sand with the concrete. He also found the durability characteristics of
waste foundry sand (WFS). He replaced the Natural sand the concrete. In this study, he concluded that with 30%
with WFS by 0%, 10%, 15% and 20% in terms of weight. replacement of limestone powder in the concrete results in
He studied the fresh properties of concrete before 20% increase in the workability and mechanical properties
computing the strength parameters. Compressive strength of the concrete. He also concluded that with 20%
and split tensile strength test were obtained at the age of 7, replacement of limestone powder results in increase in acid
28, and 56 days and to determine the durability of the resistance and sulphate resistance of the concrete. He also
concrete, sulphate resistance was evaluated at the age of 7, observed that the chloride content in the specimen is
28 and 56 days and Rapid Chloride Permeability test was decreased with increase in depth of the specimen.
conducted at age of 28 days. Test results have shown that
there is increase in compressive strength and split tensile Dhiyaneshwaran.S (2013)[10] had investigated about the
strength of self-compacting concrete and also the durability workability and durability characteristics of self
properties have been improved by incorporating waste compacting concrete containing Viscosity modifying
foundry sand as a replacement of Natural sand. admixture and class F fly-ash. The workability of the
concrete is determined by conducting slump flow, V-
Prajapati Krishnapal (2013) [6] had studied about the self funnel, L-box and U-box tests and the durability of the
compacting concrete containing different percentages of concrete is computed using acid resistance, sulphate attack
fly-ash such as 10%, 20% and 30% as replacement of and saturated water absorption test. He concluded that 30%
cement by its weight where the quantities of fine aggregate replacement of fly-ash is optimum. He observed that fresh
and coarse aggregate are kept constant. The fresh properties properties, mechanical properties and the durability
of the concretes such as slump value, V-funnel and L-box properties of the concrete have been improved compared to
value which in turn used to determine the flow and passing the convention mix of the concrete
ability of the concrete were obtained from EFNARC
Guidelines. He observed that the addition of fly-ash in J. Guru Jawahar (2012)[11] focused on finding the
concrete results in decrease in super-plasticizer content for properties of self compacting concrete by replacing the
better workability. He concluded that with increase in fly- aggregate with crushed granite stones of size 20mm and
ash content in concrete results in decrease in strength of 10mm. The concrete is obtained by replacing the cement
concrete at the age of 28 days. with the class F fly ash by 35% and 0.36
water/cementitious ratio by weight. The fresh properties of
Prof.Shriram.H (2013) [7] had studied about the fresh and the concrete were obtained by conducting workability test,
hardened properties of self compacting concrete using kiln V-funnel and L-box test. The test is conducted for different
dust as partial replacement for cement. He had conducted type of mixes. The test reveals that some mixes are
slump flow test, V-funnel test and L-box test to determine successful in slump flow test they were failed in V-funnel
the fresh properties of concrete and compressive strength and L-box test. He also concluded about the range of
test, split tensile test, flexural strength test to determine the coarse aggregate content suitable for particular coarse
hardened properties of concrete. He concluded that fresh aggregate blending in self compacting concrete.
IJERTV5IS020349 385
(This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.)
Published by : International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology
http://www.ijert.org (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181
Vol. 5 Issue 02, February-2016
M.A.Farediwala (2012)[12] presented an experimental CONCLUSION
research on the workability and compressive strength of Self compacting concrete is the only type of concrete
self-compacting concrete containing water binder ratios of where the vibration effect is ignored, thus making the
0.40 and 0.50. In addition the concrete is treated with environment protection near the construction site and also
different dosage of super-plasticizer based on carboxylic reduce the exposure of workers to vibration. The advantage
with fly-ash. To evaluate the passing ability of the self of SCC makes it desirable all over the world. Fifteen
compacting concrete, slump flow test, V-funnel test and L- review papers on the usage of industrial waste products in
box test had been conducted. He also concluded that when the self compacting concrete had been discussed. From the
the water cement ratio was lower, the effect of fly-ash and review, it is concluded that the industrial waste products
dosage of super-plasticizer should be higher to improve the can be effectively used as a replacement material in self
compressive strength of the concrete. He observed that the compacting concrete. It is also understood that different
compressive strength of concrete mixture containing new products exhibits different properties at the fresh and
dosage of super-plasticizer could be estimated from the hardened state. It is also clearly evident that the durability
workability tests itself. characteristics of the concrete are significantly improved
with the partial replacement of materials.
Benmounah Abdelbaki (2011)[13] had investigated about
the effect of marble powder content in self-compacting REFERENCES
concrete at the fresh and hardened state. The fresh [1] Rafat SIDDIQUE, Ravinder kaur SANDHU, “Properties of self
compacting concrete incorporating waste foundry sand”, Leonardo
properties of the concrete are identified by conducting the journal of sciences, Issue 23, July-Dec 2013, pp105-124.
workability test, the V funnel flow test and viscosity test [2] Prof. Shriram H. Mahure, Dr. V. M. Mohitkar, Dr.K.Ravi, “Effect of
and the hardened properties are determined by computing fly ash on fresh and hardened properties of self compacting
the compressive strength of the specimen at the age of 28 concrete” International Journal of Engineering sciences & Research
Technology, Feb 2014, pp944-948.
days. The increase in marble powder in concrete shows an [3] Bouziani Tayeb , Benmounah Abdelbaki, Bederina Madani and
improvement in fresh properties of concrete with decreased Lamara Mohamed, “Effect of Marble Powder on the Properties of
v-funnel flow time and increased slump and viscosity Self-Compacting Sand Concrete”, the Open Construction and
values but with the increase in marble powder content in Building Technology Journal, 2011, 5, pp25-29
the concrete results in decrease in the compressive strength [4] O. Gencel, C. Ozel, W. Brostow and G. Mart´ınez-Barrera,
”Mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete reinforced
of the specimens. with polypropylene fibres”, Materials Research
Innovations,2011,Vol 15, No.3, pp215-225
O. Gencel (2011)[14] had studied about the fresh and [5] Sherif A. Khafaga, ”Production of High strength self compacting
concrete using recycled concrete as fine and/or coarse aggregate”,
hardened properties of SCC with fly ash reinforced with the World applied sciences Journal 29 (4): pp 465-474, 2014.
type of monofilament polypropylene fibers. The [6] Andreas Leemann, Frank Winnefeld, “The effect of viscosity
water/cement ratio, fly ash content and admixtures were modifying agents on mortar and concrete”, Cement & Concrete
kept constant to determine the fresh and hardened Composites, 29, 2007, pp 341–349.
[7] J.Guru Jawahar, M.M. Premchand, C.Sashidhar, I.V.Ramana Reddy
properties of concrete. To evaluate the fluidity, filling and J.Annie peter, “Effect of coarse aggregate blending on fresh
ability and segregation risk of the fresh concrete, tests like properties of self compacting concrete” International journal of
Slump flow, J ring, V funnel and air content tests were advances in Engineering and Technology, May 2012, Vol 3, Issue 2,
conducted and to determine the hardened properties of pp 455-466.
concrete tests like compressive strength, splitting tensile [8] Anant Patel, Prashant Bhuva, Elizabeth George, Darshana Bhatt,
“Compressive strength and Modulus of Elasticity of self compacting
strength, flexural strength, pulse velocity and elasticity concrete”, National conference on Recent trends in Engineering and
modulus test were conducted. If there is uniform Technology,2011.
distribution of fibres, the problems in mixing and batching [9] M.K. Rahman, M.H. Baluch, M.A. Malik, “Thixotropic behavior of
of concrete are minimized. He finally concluded that the self-compacting concrete with different mineral admixtures”,
Construction and building materials, 50, 2014, pp 710-717.
usage of Polypropylene fibers in concrete upgraded the [10] M.A.FArediwala, M.A.Jamnu, “Relation between workability and
fresh and mechanical properties of SCC significantly. compressive strength of self compacting concrete”, International
Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and studies, Vol I, Issue
Anant patel (2011)[15] had studied about the Compressive 3, pp 9-11.
[11] Prof.Aijaz Ahmad Zende, Dr.R.B.Khadirnaikar, “An overview of
strength and Modulus of elasticity of self compacting the properties of the self compacting concrete”, IOSR-JMCE, pp 35-
concrete which contains admixtures and different content 43.
of cement and fly-ash. From the test results it is obtained [12] Prajapati Krishnapal, Yadav.R.K. and Chandak Rajeev, “Strength
that when water-powder ratio is lower, flow obtained for Characteristics of self compacting concrete containing fly ash”,
Research Journal of Engineering sciences, June (2013),Vol. 2(6), pp
concrete is also lower. He observed that increase in cement 1-5.
content results in cohesive mix and high compressive [13] M.Iyappan and Dr.A.Jagannathan, “High strength self compacting
strength of the specimens. He also concluded that modulus concrete with nano silica”, International Journal of Emerging Trends
of elasticity of the concrete containing fly-ash is almost in Engineering and Development, 2014, Issue 4, Vol 5, pp 163-168.
[14] Prof. Shriram H.Mahure, Dr.V.M.Mohitkar, “Effect of mineral
same as the modulus of elasticity of the conventional mix. admixture on fresh and hardened properties of self compacting
Finally he observed that the effect of water-powder ratio, concrete”, International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,
cement content and fly-ash plays a significant role in Engineering and Technology, 2013, Issue 10, Vol 2, pp 5585-5592.
formation of self compacting concrete and its strength. [15] Abbas Al-Ameeri, “The effect of steel fiber on some mechanical
properties of self compacting concrete”, American Journal of civil
engineering, 2013, Issue 3, pp 102-110.
IJERTV5IS020349 386
(This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.)
Published by : International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology
http://www.ijert.org (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181
Vol. 5 Issue 02, February-2016
[16] B.Beerlingegowda, V.D.Gundakalle, “The effect of addition of lime
stone powder on the properties of self compacting concrete”
International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering
and Technology, 2013,Vol 2, Issue 9, pp 4996-5004.
[17] B.H.V.Pai, M.Nandy, A.Krishnamoorthy, P.K.Sarkar and
C.Pramukh Ganapathy, “ Experimental Study on self compacting
concrete containing Industrial by-products”, European scientific
Journal, April 2014, Vol.10, pp 292-300.
[18] Dhiyaneshwaran.S , Ramanathan,.P, Baskar.I and
Venkatasubramani.R. ” Study on durability characteristics of self
compacting concrete containing fly-ash”. Journal of civil
Engineering2013,Vol. 7, Issue 3, pp 342-353.
IJERTV5IS020349 387
(This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.)
View publication stats
