Hand and Power Tools

Hand tool is any tool that is powered by hand rather than a motor.[1]
Categories of hand tools include wrenches, pliers, cutters, striking tools,
struck or hammered tools, screwdrivers, vises, clamps, snips, saws, drills
and knives.
Hand tools have been used by humans since the Stone Age when stones
were used for hammering and cutting. During the Bronze Age tools were
made by casting the copper and tin alloys. Bronze tools were sharper and
harder than those made of stone. During the Iron Age iron replaced
bronze, and tools became even stronger and more durable. The Romans
developed tools during this period which are similar to those being
produced today. In the period since the industrial revolution, the
manufacture of tools has transitioned from being craftsman made to being
factory produced.

POWER TOOL is a tool that is actuated by an additional power source and

mechanism other than the solely manual labour used with hand tools. The
most common types of power tools use electric motors. Internal
combustion engines and compressed air are also commonly used. Other
power sources include steam engines, direct burning of fuels and
propellants, or even natural power sources like wind or moving water.
Tools directly driven by animal power are not generally considered power
tools. Power tools are used in industry, in construction, in the garden, for
housework tasks such as cooking, cleaning, and around the house for
purposes of driving (fasteners), drilling, cutting, shaping, sanding, grinding,
routing, polishing, painting, heating and more. Power tools are classified as
either stationary or portable, where portable means hand-held. Portable
power tools have obvious advantages in mobility. Stationary power tools
however often have advantages in speed and accuracy, and some
stationary power tools can produce objects that cannot be made in any
other way. Stationary power tools for metalworking are usually called
machine tools. The term machine tool is not usually applied to stationary
power tools for woodworking, although such usage is occasionally heard,
and in some cases, such as drill presses and bench grinders, exactly the
same tool is used for both woodworking and metalworking.
An air compressor is a device that converts
power (using an electric motor, diesel or
gasoline engine, etc.) into potential energy
stored in pressurized air (i.e., compressed air).
By one of several methods, an air compressor
forces more and more air into a storage tank,
increasing the pressure.

An alligator shear, historically

known as a lever shear[1] and
sometimes as a crocodile shear,[2]
is a metal-cutting shear with a
hinged jaw, powered by a flywheel
or hydraulic cylinder.

An angle grinder, also known as a side

grinder or disc grinder, is a handheld power
tool used for grinding (abrasive cutting) and
polishing.

A bandsaw (also written band saw) is a saw

with a long, sharp blade consisting of a
continuous band of toothed metal stretched
between two or more wheels to cut material.
They are used principally in woodworking,
metalworking, and lumbering, but may cut a
variety of materials.
 A belt sander is a sander used in shaping
and finishing wood and other materials.[1] It
consists of an electric motor that turns a pair
of drums on which a continuous loop of
sandpaper is mounted.

Ceramic tile cutters are used to cut

tiles to a required size or shape.

A chainsaw is a portable,
mechanical saw which cuts with a
set of teeth attached to a rotating
chain that runs along a guide bar.
It is used in activities such as tree
felling, limbing, bucking, pruning,
cutting firebreaks in wildland fire
suppression and harvesting of
firewood.

A concrete saw (also known as a con

saw, road saw, cut-off saw or quick
cut) is a power tool used for cutting
concrete, masonry, brick, asphalt, tile,
and other solid materials.
A circular saw is a power-saw using a
toothed or abrasive disc or blade to cut
different materials using a rotary motion
spinning around an arbor.

A crusher is a machine
designed to reduce large rocks
into smaller rocks, gravel, or
rock dust.

A drill is a tool fitted with a cutting tool

attachment or driving tool attachment,
usually a drill bit or driver bit, used for boring
holes in various materials or fastening
various materials together.

Floor sanding is the process of

removing the top surfaces of a wooden
floor by sanding with abrasive
materials.
 A heat gun is a device used to emit a
stream of hot air, can be used to
strip paint, shrink heat shrink
tubing, shrink film, and shrink
wrap packaging, dry out damp wood,
bend and weld plastic, soften adhesives,
and thaw frozen pipes.

A grinding machine, often shortened to

grinder, is any of various power tools or
machine tools used for grinding, which is a
type of machining using an abrasive wheel
as the cutting tool.

An impact driver is a tool that

delivers a strong, sudden rotational
and downward force, often used by
mechanics to loosen larger screws
(bolts) and nuts that are corrosively
"frozen" or over-torqued.

An impact wrench is a socket wrench

power tool designed to deliver high torque
output with minimal exertion by the user,
by storing energy in a rotating mass, then
delivering it suddenly to the output shaft.
A jackhammer (pneumatic drill or
demolition hammer in British English) is a
pneumatic or electro-mechanical tool that
combines a hammer directly with a chisel.

A jointer or in some configurations, a

jointer-planer is a woodworking
machine used to produce a flat surface
along a board's length.

A jigsaw with a bevel function on the sole

plate allows cutting angles of typically up
to 45 degrees relative to the normal
vertical stroke for cutting miter joints.

A lathe is a tool that rotates the work

piece about an axis of rotation to
perform various operations such as
cutting, sanding, knurling, drilling, or
deformation, facing, turning, with tools
that are applied to the work piece to
create an object with symmetry about
that axis.
 A miter saw (mitre in British English) is a
saw used to make accurate crosscuts and
miters in a work piece.

A nail gun,is a type of tool used to

drive nails into wood or some other
kind of material.

A needle gun scaler, is a tool used to

remove rust, mill scale, and old paint from
metal surfaces.The tool is used in
metalwork applications as diverse as home
repair, automotive repair and shipboard
preservation.

A pneumatic torque at the end

of the gearbox is a reaction
device that is used to absorb the
torque and allows the tool
operator to use it with very little
effort.
 A powder-actuated tool is a type of
nail gun used in construction and
manufacturing to join materials to hard
substrates such as steel and concrete.

Pressure washing or power

washing is the use of high-pressure
water spray to remove loose paint,
mold, grime, dust, mud, chewing gum
and dirt from surfaces and objects
such as buildings, vehicles and
concrete surfaces.

Random orbit sanders are hand-

held power tools for sanding in which
the sanding blade delivers a random-
orbit action. That is, the angle of
rotation of the head and disk is
variable.

A reciprocating saw is a type of saw

in which the cutting action is achieved
through a push-and-pull
("reciprocating") motion of the blade.
 A rotary saw is a type of mechanically powered
saw used for making accurate cuts
without the need for a pilot hole in
wallboard, plywood, or another thin,
solid material.

Die grinders and rotary tools are

handheld power tools used for
grinding, sanding, honing, polishing, or
machining material (typically metal, but
also plastic or wood).

The sabre saw is a hand-held

powered reciprocating saw. It is
similar to, but larger than, a
jigsaw. The sabre saw uses a
toothed blade, chiefly to cut
through wood and other soft
materials.

A scroll saw is a small electric or

pedal-operated saw used to cut
intricate curves in wood, metal, or
other materials.
 An abrasive saw, also known as a cut-
off saw or chop saw, is a power tool
which is typically used to cut hard
materials, such as metals, tile, and
concrete.

A table saw is a woodworking tool,

consisting of a circular saw blade,
mounted on an arbor, that is driven
by an electric motor. The blade
protrudes through the surface of a
table, which provides support for the
material, usually wood, being cut.

A thickness planer is a woodworking

machine to trim boards to a consistent
thickness throughout their length and
flat on both surfaces.

A wall chaser is a specialised

power tool used for cutting narrow
grooves in walls, for instance when
laying electrical cable.
 A tape measure or measuring tape is a
flexible ruler. It is a common measuring
tool. Its design allows for a measure of
great length to be easily carried in pocket or
toolkit and permits one to measure around
curves or corners.

A Speed Square is a triangular-shaped,

carpenters' marking out tool. The Speed
Square combines some of the most
common functions of the combination
square, try square, and framing square
into one. It is used to make basic
measurements and mark lines on
dimensional lumber.

The steel square is a tool used in

carpentry. Carpenters use various tools to
lay out structures that are square (that is,
built at accurately measured right angles).

A carpenter pencil (carpentry pencil,

carpenter's pencil) is a pencil that has a
body with a rectangular or elliptical cross-
section to prevent it from rolling away.
 Hammers, used for framing wooden
houses, are heavy duty rip hammers
with a straight claw.

A utility knife is a knife used for general or

utility purposes.The utility knife was originally
a fixed blade knife with a cutting edge
suitable for general work such as cutting
hides and cordage, scraping hides, butchering
animals, cleaning fish, and other tasks.

A chalk line or chalk box is a tool for

marking long, straight lines on relatively flat
surfaces, much farther than is practical by
hand or with a straightedge.

Linesman pliers a type of pliers

used by electricians and other
tradesmen primarily for gripping,
twisting, bending and cutting wire
and cable.
 A torpedo level, bubble level or
simply a level is an instrument
designed to indicate whether a surface
is horizontal (level) or vertical (plumb).

A wrench (or spanner outside of North

America) is a tool used to provide grip and
mechanical advantage in applying torque
to turn objects—usually rotary fasteners,
such as nuts and bolts—or keep them from
turning.

A screwdriver is a tool, manual or

powered, for turning (driving or removing)
screws.

A digging bar is a long, straight metal

bar used as a hand tool to deliver blows
to break up and loosen hard or
compacted materials (e.g., soil, rocks,
concrete) or as a lever to move objects.
 A pickaxe is a hand tool with a hard
head attached perpendicular to the
handle. The pointed edge is most often
used to break up rocky surfaces or other
hard surfaces such as concrete or
hardened dried earth. The chiseled end,
if present, is used for purposes including
cutting through roots.

A shovel is a tool for digging, lifting, and

moving bulk materials, such as soil, coal,
gravel, snow, sand, or ore.

A ladder is a vertical or inclined set of rungs

or steps.

A Hammer tacker is a very simple device that

has an approximately 300 mm (12 inch) handle
and a head, which, when it comes into contact at
high speed with a hard material, inserts a staple
into said material.
 An electronic calculator is a small, portable
electronic device used to perform calculations,
ranging from basic arithmetic to complex
mathematics.

A clamp is a fastening device used to

hold or secure objects tightly together to
prevent movement or separation
through the application of inward
pressure.

A punch is a hard metal rod with a

shaped tip at one end and a blunt
butt end at the other, which is usually
struck by a hammer.

A cat's paw or cat's claw is a

standard carpenter's tool, consisting of
a round or hexagonal bar that curves
at one end to form a pointed, cup-
shaped tip with a V-shaped cleft for
gripping nailheads.
 A chisel is a tool with a characteristically
shaped cutting edge (such that wood chisels
have lent part of their name to a particular
grind) of blade on its end, for carving or
cutting a hard material such as wood, stone,
or metal by hand, struck with a mallet, or
mechanical power.

A plumb bob, or plummet, is a weight,

usually with a pointed tip on the bottom,
suspended from a string and used as a
vertical reference line, or plumb-line.

A block plane is a small woodworking

hand plane which typically has the blade
bedded at a lower angle than other
planes, with the bevel up. It is designed
to cut end grain and is typically small
enough to be used with one hand.

Hand saws, also known as "panel

saws", "fish saws", are used to cut
pieces of wood into different shapes.
 University of Luzon
Perez Blvd. Dagupan City,Pangasinan

Safety Management
(Hand and Power Tools)

Submitted by:
Joves, Jellimae
Student

Submitted to:
Engr. Manuel, Ildefonso
Professor
 Construction Safety: Hand and Power Tools
Inspect your tools. Never issue or use a damaged or defective hand or
power tool. Always inspect your hand and power tools before and after
each use to ensure they are in good working order. Check for cracked or
loose handles on hand tools and make sure all guards, safety switches,
electrical and hoses are in good condition. Tag any damaged tools and
remove them from use until they can be repaired.

Pick the right tool. Make sure you are using the correct tool for the task
at hand. Don’t use a screwdriver as a pry bar or chisel. This also means
using the right sized bits, blades and accessories on your power tools.
Don’t get creative if you don’t have a tool you need. Using the wrong tool
can lead to injury or damage to the tool.

Wear your PPE. Issue personal protective equipment to your employees

and make sure they wear them properly. This includes items like safety
goggles, face masks, ear plugs, hard hats and work gloves. Avoid wearing
loose clothing or jewelry that could impede your work or get caught in any
moving parts on power tools.

Don’t alter your tools. Never remove guards or disable safety devices on
power tools. Don’t paint or cover up your tools as this could prevent you
from noticing chips or cracks in your tools. If a tool is damaged or broken
during use, don’t attempt to make an on the spot repair if you don’t have
the right parts or tools to do so. This is one of those few instances where
duct tape is not the answer.

Handle with care. Tools are not toys. Never throw or toss a tool in the
direction of or directly to a coworker. Don’t use electrical cords to lower or
lift a tool to get it to a workspace. Always carry tools in a toolbox or on a
tool belt, never shove a tool in your pocket if you are going to be walking
around. Keep your finger off the trigger of power tools when moving about
to avoid accidental discharge.

Keep your distance. When working with hand and power tools be sure
you have enough room to safely operate without coming into contact with
other objects or coworkers. If you are working at height, make sure there
isn’t anyone working beneath you in the event you drop a tool. When using
something like a nail gun, check to see that everyone is clear of your line
of sight in the event of an accidental discharge or misfire.

Pick up after yourself. Don’t leave unused tools lying around the jobsite.
They can create tripping hazards or accidentally get knocked on someone’s
head. Establish a check-out/check-in for company-owned tools to avoid
accidents and to keep tools from mysteriously walking off the jobsite.

Unplug and disconnect. Don’t leave electric power tools plugged in

when not in use or when making adjustments such as replacing blades or
bits. Disconnect pneumatic tools from the air line when loading fasteners or
when not being used to avoid accidental discharge. Never leave
unattended tools plugged in to avoid injuries by untrained workers. Always
unplug and disconnect when moving the tool to a new location.

Keep your workspace clean. A cluttered floor can lead to accidental

trips or falls which can be extremely dangerous when working with hand
and power tools. Avoid working in wet conditions when working with
electric power tools. Keep all power cords and air lines out of the way as
much as possible to avoid getting tangled up or tripping a coworker.

Get trained up. Make sure you and your employees are thoroughly
trained on the proper use of hand and power tools. Employees should
know how to safely operate the tools they are required to use on the job.
This includes knowing which PPE is required to be worn when working with
specific tools.

Work Smart, Be Safe!