Vaccination
“Timely vaccinate your Animals,
Dairy Hub Training Booklets Protect them against Diseases”
Titles
1) Importance of Water 9) Breeding
2) Fodder 10) Calf Rearing
3) Wheat Straw Enrichment 11) Diseases and Health
4) Silage (Fodder Pickle) 12) Mastitis
5) Hay Making 13) De - Worming
6) Balanced Ration 14) Mechanized Dairy Farming
7) Dairy Farming as an 15) Vaccination
Enterprise/Business
8) Heat Stress
and PROTECTS WHATS GOOD are trademarks belonging
to the Tetra Pak Group. www.tetrapak.com
Dairy Hub is a Community Dairy
Development Programme, which
has been initiated for the devel-
opment of small farmers. The aim
of this programme is to keep
farmers informed about modern No. Topic Page no
ways of dairy farming, to provide
practical help for improving their
skills and to increase production 1. Why vaccination/immunization is important? 3
of their animals. This programme will increase not
2. What is Vaccination/Immunization? 5
only the average production of animals but also the
3. Commonly used vaccines in dairy farming 7
income of farmers, and thus decrease considerably
4. Precautions 8
the rate of poverty in rural areas. This booklet is a
part of this programme. 5. Vaccination Schedule 9
6. Precautions about the use of vaccines 10
(Pvt)
Yours truly,
Azhar Ali Syed,
Managing Director,
Tetra Pak Pakistan
Limited
There is a high mortality rate amongst animals due to different contagious
diseases. It causes a great financial loss to farmers. Moreover, many contagious
diseases like foot-and-mouth and others decrease considerably the milk and meat
production.
It is estimated that milk and meat production decreases by 20-25 percent due to Physically fit animals have better immunity against diseases. Similarly, hygienic
different contagious diseases. This decrease causes a loss of profit in the dairy feed and good management protect them from disease. Moreover, vaccination on
farming business. It is very important to fully know how to keep the dairy farm time protects them from different diseases and thus makes dairy farming profit-
clean and hygenic and how to keep animals healthy. Moreover, it is also important able.
to plan well to protect them from fatal and non-fatal diseases. This can be
achieved by knowing the causes of diseases.
1 2
Why vaccination/immunization is important?
A common proverb states that “prevention is better than cure”. It means that
instead of wasting a lot of money on the treatment of disease, we should try to
protect animals from it. It would cost much less. You need to spend only a few
rupees on their vaccination and immunization today, but in case of disease you
would have to spend hundreds of rupees on their treatment. Consequently this
minor sum will not only protect your animals but also make your dairy farming
business more profitable.
3 4
What is Vaccination/Immunization?
Vaccine is made by weakening or killing the germs of a disease in the laboratory.
These germs, when they are injected into the animal, do not produce that
particular disease, but their presence in its body naturally starts boosting their
immune system, and then, if the same disease attacks the animal, it already has a
strong defence system to fight against that disease. Thus vaccination protects
the animal against that disease.
5 6
Commonly used vaccines in dairy farming:
Precautions:
Haemorrhagic Septicemia:
As this disease is caused by a virus, no treatment has been found yet. But it can
be controlled by injecting the serum of a healthy animal with a strong immune
This is a major disease that affects animals in Pakistan, especially in the plains of
system against this disease, into the blood of the affected animal. Moreover,
the country. It swells the tongue and throat of the animal and causes high fever
wash the blisters on the tongue and mouth of the affected animal with potassium
which causes death of the animal.
permanganate twice or thrice and apply glycerin. Wash its hooves twice or thrice
a day with the water mixed with phenyle. Give it soft feed. Do not give it wheat
Precautions:
straw.
All the animals must be vaccinated twice a year – in May-June and in November-
It is very important to get the animals vaccinated against FMD twice a year, in
December. Consult the doctor without delay in case of the disease outbreak.
February-March and in September-October.
Foot-and-Mouth disease (FMD):
“Usually an animal is vaccinated against Haemorrhagic Septicemia and FMD
twice a year, but nowadays a vaccine which is effective for the whole year is also
Foot-and-Mouth disease is on the top of the list of diseases that cause big finan-
available”.
cial losses to the farmer. If lactating animals are attacked by this disease, their
milk production not only decreases immediately for a long term, which results in
business deficit.
7 281
Vaccination Schedule
January Precautions about the use of vaccines:
February It is important to take note of these things for better results of vaccination:
FMD (Foot and Mouth Disease)
March
1. Always use vaccine manufactured by a well reputed company.
April BQ (Black Quarter) 2. Store vaccine in a refrigerator or in a thermos flask covered with ice, because
a rise in temperature can decrease its effectiveness.
May 3. Shake well the vial/bottle before use.
4. Do not vaccinate animals in front of other animals because it may make them
June afraid of it.
HS (Haemorrhagic Septicemia) 5. Do not vaccinate sick animals.
July 6. Consult a veterinary doctor about the vaccine dose because a less than
required dose will not be effective.
August Anthrax
7. Try to vaccinate when the weather is cool.
September 8. Do not worry if the body part where vaccine has been injected, swells or a
& FMD (Foot and Mouth Disease) blister appears. Apply some antiseptic solution and the scar would cure in a
October week.
November
& HS (Haemorrhagic Septicemia)
December
9 10
Dairy Hub is an important step by Tetra Pak towards the well-being of dairy-
farmers. It will certainly open new vistas of progress for dairy farmers. I congratu-
late Tetra Pak on the opening of a new era for the prosperity of dairy farmers. All
these training booklets are a part of this developmental programme and they
have been written specially for the help and guidance of dairy farmers.
Based on various topics, these training booklets contain important pieces of
information and suggestions which will help the farmers in better rearing of their
animals, protecting them from different diseases and to increase their milk pro-
duction.
I do hope that this effort by Tetra Pak will be useful for the prosperity of the farm-
ers and help them solve their problems regarding health of their animals.
Prof. Dr. Talat Naseer Pasha,
Dean, Faculty of Animal Production and
Technology,
University of Veterinary and Animal
Sciences, Lahore
