CHAPTER 1

1.1 INTRODUCTION

An Hyper Text Markup Language element is an individual component of an HTML document

or web page, once this has been parsed into the Document Object Model. HTML is composed of
a tree of HTML nodes, such as text nodes. Each node can have HTML attributes specified.
Nodes can also have content, including other nodes and text. Many HTML nodes
represent semantics, or meaning. For example, the <title> node represents the title of the
document.

HTML can embed programs written in a scripting language such as JavaScript, which affects the
behavior and content of web pages. Inclusion of CSS defines the look and layout of content.
The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), maintainer of both the HTML and the CSS standards,
has encouraged the use of CSS over explicit presentational HTML since 1997.

HTML elements are the building blocks of HTML pages. With HTML constructs, images and
other objects such as interactive forms may be embedded into the rendered page. HTML
provides a means to create structured documents by denoting structural semantics for text such as
headings, paragraphs, lists, links, quotes and other items. HTML elements are delineated by tags,
written using angle brackets.

CSS (Cascading style sheet) is designed to enable the separation of presentation and content,
including layout, colors, and fonts. This separation can improve content accessibility, provide
more flexibility and control in the specification of presentation characteristics, enable
multiple web pages to share formatting by specifying the relevant CSS in a separate .CSS file,
and reduce complexity and repetition in the structural content.

1.2 AIM &OBJECTIVE

The project can be used by anyone who is planning to go to the Rajasthan. The main objectives
of this project are:
1. Giving people choice to choose the best.
2. Provide platform for people to explore Rajasthan
3. Provide all sources under one website.

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1.3 BACKGROUND STUDY
We make this product proposal for the purpose that we want to serve our valued customers with
a new product . This would help people to know our work. The trend going on .The main thing
about this project is that people are getting all the things under one roof. And in coming time we
would also like to introduce something more interesting. Now a days people don’t have
sufficient time so they opt for done work rather than doing it. This company is best platform for
such people . They are getting their desired work done without taking panic and headaches.
Promoting a good and convenient way of designing by introducing variety of technologies to the
public is a step towards healthy living.

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CHAPTER 2
2.1 TOOLS & TECHNIQUES USED
2.1.1 HTML
HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language, and it is the language in which, until
recently, virtually all Web pages were written. Now, don’t break out in hives when you
hear the word “language.” You don’t need complex logical or mathematical formulas to
work with html, and you don’t need to think like a programmer to use it. Computer
programmers must think through the tasks that they want their programs to perform, and
then develop an elaborate (and usually complicated) series of instructions to tell the
computer what to do. Although you do need to do some thinking and planning when
you use html, it is not nearly that difficult. So, how does Hypertext Markup Language
work?
Hypertext refers to the way in which Web pages (html documents) are linked together.
When you click a link in a Web page, you are using hypertext. It is this system of
linking documents that has made the World Wide Web the global phenomenon it has
become.
Markup Language describes how html works. With a markup language, you simply
“mark up” a text document with tags that tell a Web browser how to structure it. html
originally was developed with the intent of defining the structure of documents
(headings, paragraphs, lists, and so forth) to facilitate the sharing of scientific
information between researchers. All you need to do to use html is to learn what type of
markup to use to get the results you want.

2.1.2 ELEMENTS
All HTML pages are made up of elements. Think of an element as a container in which
a portion of a page is placed. Whatever is contained inside the element will take on the
characteristics of that element. For example, to identify a heading on a page, you would
enclose it in a heading element <h1></h1>. If you want to create a table, you put the
table information inside the table element <table></table>. To construct a form, you
need the form element <form></form>.

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2.1.3 TAGS
Often, you’ll find the terms element and tag used interchangeably. It’s fairly common,
but not strictly accurate. An element is made up of two tags: an opening tag and a
closing tag. Although it might seem somewhat picky to make this distinction, when you
begin to work with XHTML (Extensible Hypertext Markup Language), it will be a very
important difference to remember. If you get into the habit of distinguishing elements
and tags from the very beginning, you’ll save yourself some confusion down the line.
All tags are constructed the same way. The tag begins with a “less than” sign (<), then
the element name, followed by a “greater than” sign (>). For example, an opening tag
for the paragraph element would look like this: <p>. The only difference in a closing tag
is that the closing tag includes a slash (/) before the element name: </p>. Your content
goes between the tags. A simple paragraph might look like this:
<p>This is an HTML paragraph.</p>
Some elements do not use closing tags because they do not enclose content. These are
called empty elements. For example, the line break element <br> does not require a
closing tag. In the case of empty elements, add a closing slash after the element name,
like this: <br />. When a browser sees the slash, it will recognize the element as one that
does not need a separate, closing tag.

2.1.4 ATTRIBUTES AND VALUES

Attributes are another important part of html markup. An attribute is used to define the
characteristics of an element and is placed inside the element’s opening tag. For
example, to specify the size of an image or graphic on your page, you would use the
image element <img /> along with the height and width attributes:
<img height="" width="" />
Be sure to notice that an equals sign and a set of quotation marks follow both the height
and the width attributes. That’s because attributes need values to go with them. In the
case of the preceding illustration, you might add a value of 200 to cause your image to
display at a size of 200 x 200 pixels:
<img height="200" width="200"/>

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 values work together with attributes to complete the definition of an element’s
characteristics. An easy way to think of how attributes and values work together is to
compare them with nouns and adjectives. A noun names something; an adjective
describes it. An attribute names a characteristic; a value describes it.

2.1.5 NESTING
Often you will want to apply more than one element to a portion of your page. An
essential concept to understand is nesting. Nesting simply means that elements must
never overlap. Properly nested elements are contained inside one another, as in the
following:
<a><b><c></c></b></a>
Sometimes it’s easier to understand the concept if the elements are displayed vertically,
like this:
<a><b><C>
</c>
</b>
</a>
The following elements, on the other hand, are overlapping:
<a>
<b>
</a>
<c>
</b>
</c>
Web browsers displaying an HTML page can be pretty forgiving if your elements are not
properly nested; however, overlapped elements can create garbled results, particularly if you
are trying to construct frames or tables. Also, when you become familiar with
XHTML’s stricter standards, you’ll discover that overlapping elements are an absolute “no-
no.”

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2.1.6 CSS (Cascading style sheet)
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used for describing the presentation of a
document written in a markup language. Although most often used to set the visual style of web
page and user interfaces written in html and x html, the language can be applied to any xml
document, including plain xml, and is applicable to rendering in speech, or on other media.
Along with HTML and java script CSS is a cornerstone technology used by most websites to
create visually engaging webpages, user interfaces for web applications and user interfaces for
many mobile applications.

CSS is designed primarily to enable the separation of presentation and content, including aspects
such as the layout colors , and fonts .This separation can improve content accessibility provide
more flexibility and control in the specification of presentation characteristics, enable multiple
HTML pages to share formatting by specifying the relevant CSS in a separate.css file, and
reduce complexity and repetition in the structural content.

2.1.7 PHOTOSHOP
Adobe photo shop is a raster graphics which was created in 1988 by Thomas and John
Knoll. Since then, it has become the de facto industry standard in raster graphics editing,
such that the word "photo shop" has become a verb as in "to Photoshop an image, photo
shopping" and "photo shop contest", though Adobe discourages such use. It can edit and
compose raster images in multiple layers and supports masks, alpha compositing and several
color models including RGB, CMYK, CIELAB, spot color and duotone. Photoshop has vast
support for graphic file formats but also uses its own PSD and PSB file formats which
support all the aforementioned features. In addition to raster graphics, it has limited abilities
to edit or render text, vector graphics (especially through clipping path), 3D graphics and
video. Photoshop's feature set can be expanded by Photoshop plug-ins, programs developed
and distributed independently of Photoshop that can run inside it and offer new or enhanced
features. The main function of photo shop in web development is creating the base i.e. the
designing part of the web.

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CHAPTER 3
SCREENSHOT

Fig 3.1: Home screen

Fig 3.2: Course

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Fig 3.3: Login Page

Fig 3.4: Gallery

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CHAPTER 4
4.1 CONCLUSION & FUTURE SCOPE
The development of the project surely prompts many new areas of investigation. The project has
wide scope to implement in any university/institution having multiple paper there. this project
covers all functionalities related to examination hall hence it can implemented anywhere else
after minute organization level customization. Moreover some parts of the project have remained
uncompleted due to some reason. First of all limitation of our project, which has been discussed
in previous topic make place for future enhancement.

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Reference
• http://www.java2s.com/

• http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-01-1998/jw-01-bookreview.html

• Database Programming with JDBC and Java by O'Reilly

• Head First Java 2nd Edition

• http://java.sun.com/javase/technologies/desktop/

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