REVISION FOR THE FINAL TEST – GRAMMAR 2

Time allotted: 60 minutes

Number of questions: 40 questions (4 parts)

Part 1: Multiple-choice questions (5 points) - 20 questions

- Prepositions, articles, quantity
- Tenses
- Comparison
- Conditional Sentences
- Noun Clauses
- Adjectives and adverbs (adj ends -ing & -ed; word formation; order of adj; adverbs or adjectives)

Part 2: Error recognition (1.5 points) - 6 questions

1. My father used to giving (a) me some good (b) advice whenever (c) I had a problem (d).
2. Each (a) student have (b) to write a paragraph about (c) the benefits of learning (d) English
3. We're only interested in (a) events that relating (b) directly to (c) the murder in our (d) country.
4. Those (a) who had already purchased (b) tickets were instructed (c) to go to gate first (d)
immediately.
5. Approximately (a) one-third of all persons (b) involved in adult education programs in
6. 1970 were enrolled (c) in occupational education course (d).
7. A largely (a) percentage of (b) Canadian export business is (c) with (d) the United States.
8. The better (a) you are at (b) English, more chance (c) you have to get a job (d) with international
organizations.
9. It was a six-hours (a) journey; we were completely (b) exhausted (c) when we arrived (d).
10. Even though (a) the extremely (b) bad weather in (c) the mountains, the climbers decided not to
cancel (d) their climb.
11. Although (a) smokers are aware (b) that smoking is harmful to (c) their health, they can’t get rid with
(d) it.
12. Higher education is very importance (a) to national economies (b), and it is also a source of trained
and educated (c) personnel for the whole (d) country.
13. Reading can’t make (a) your life longer (b), but reading really (c) makes your life more thicker (d).
14. Her absent (a) from work (b) without any permission (c) made the boss so angry (d) that he
threatened to sack her.
15. Although (a) the weather was not perfect, a bunch of (b) people turned out (c) of for the annual (d)
parade.
16. I would (a) rather she (b) is staying (c) at (d) home this time yesterday.
17. She is among (a) the few who wants (b) to quit smoking (c) instead of cutting down. (d)
18. Scientists at universities (a) are often more involved (b) in theoretical research than(c) in
practically(d) research.
19. Some (a) methods to prevent (b) soil erosion are (c) plowing parallel with the slopes of hills, to plant
(d) trees on unproductive land, and rotating crops.
20. A paragraph (a) is a portion of a text consists of (b) one or more sentences (c) related to (d) the same
idea.
21. The most natural (a) form of nutrition for new-born (b) infant (c) is breast feeding (d).
22. Physicists (a) are scientists whose study (b) matter and energy (c), as well as their patterns of (d)
interaction.
23. The better (a) you are at (b) English, more chance (c) you have to get a job (d) with international
organizations.
24. This will (a) have a (b) serious effect about (c) agriculture (d).
25. When I got (a) home, Irene was lying (b) in bed thinking (c) about the wonderful time she has had
(d).
26. He was (a) quite amusing (b) when he heard (c) what had (d) happened.

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 27. Turn (a) left by (b) the crossroads when (c) you reach.
28. He has been (a) working here (b) for (c) sometimes (d).
29. He stopped (a) to see (b) if he could (c) picked (d) up the trail.
30. Although he jumped (a) aside, but (b) the (c) stone hit (d) him
31. I decided (a) to climbed (b) to the top of the hill to get (c) a better view (d)
32. Not until he got (a) home he realized (b) he had forgotten to give her (c) the present (d).
33. A novel is a story long enough (a) to fill a complete (b) book, in that (c) the characters and events are
usually (d) imaginary.
34. Most (a) greetings cards are folding (b) and have a picture on the front (c) and a message inside (d).
35. He has hardly (a) never given a more (b) impressive performance (c) than this (d).
36. The student must have (a) her assessment form fill in (b) by the examiner during (c) the oral exam
(d).

Part 3: Cloze Tests (2 points) - 8 questions

Education is more important today (1) ___________ ever before. It helps people acquire the skills they
need for such everyday (2) ___________ as reading a newspaper or managing their money. It also gives them
the specialized training they may need to prepare (3)___________ a job or career. For example, a person must
meet certain educational requirements and obtain a license or certificate before he can practice law or
medicine. Many fields, like computer operation or police work, (4)___________ satisfactory completion of
special training courses.
Education is also important (5) ___________ it helps people get more out of life. It increases their
knowledge and understanding of the world. It helps them acquire the skills that make life more (6)
___________ and enjoyable, such as the skills needed to participate in a sport, paint a picture, or play a musical
instrument. Such education becomes (7)___________ important as people gain more and more leisure time.
Education also helps people adjust to change. This habit has become necessary because social changes
today take place with increasing speed and affect the lives of more and more people. Education can help a
person understand these changes and provide him (8)___________ the skills for adjusting to them.
1. a. than b. for c. by d. as soon as
2. a. works b. jobs c. actions d. activities
3. a. on b. at c. for d. in
4. a. requiring b. to require c. required d. require
5. a. therefore b. despite c. although d. because
6. a. interested b. interesting c. interest d. interestingly
7. a. increase b. increasing c. increasingly d. to increase
8. a. with b. to c. for d. about

Vincent Van Gogh is a famous painter from the 19th century. Van Gogh’s paintings are sold at very
high prices (1)___________ many collectors want his paintings. But unfortunately, when he was (2)
___________, he did not have a happy life.
Van Gogh was from a poor family in Holland and lived (3) ___________ his life at home. He lived a
rather sad and (4) ___________life. He drew things that he could see (5) ___________around the quiet town
of his parents’ home or outside his window. This is why he painted things (6) ___________the sky, his room
and even himself.
Van Gogh once cut off his own ear after drawing a picture of himself. He cut it (7) ___________to
show the person that said the ear in Van Gogh’s painting was not correct. It was very unfortunate of him to
do such a thing.
Van Gogh was also called a crazy man. He really did become crazy, and was sent to a mental hospital.
Sadly, he killed (8) ___________ when he was just 37.
1. a. for b. because c. although d. because of
2. a. living b. live c. alive d. lively
3. a. most of b. the most of c. almost of d. mostly
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 4. a. alone b. lonely c. loneliness d. lone
5. a. both b. either c. neither d. all
6. a. like b. likely c. alike d. as such
7. a. on b. off c. to d. up
8. a. herself b. himself c. themselves d. itself

The first question we might ask is: What can you learn in college that will help you in being an
employee? The schools teach a great many things of value to the future accountant, doctor or electrician. Do
they also teach (1) ___________ of value to the future employee? Yes, they teach the one thing that it is
perhaps most valuable for the future employee (2) ___________ . But very few students bother to learn it.
This basic skill is the ability to (3) ___________ and express ideas in writing and in speaking. This means
that your success as an employee will depend on your ability to communicate with people and to (4)
___________your own thoughts and ideas to them so they will (5) ___________ understand what you are
driving and be persuaded.
Of course, skill in expression is not enough (6) ___________ itself. You must have something to say
in the first place. The effectiveness of your job depends (7) ___________ your ability to make other people
understand your work as they do on the quality of the work itself.
Expressing one’s thoughts is one skill that the school can (8) ___________ teach.
1. a. anything b. something c. a nothing d. somebody
2. a. to know b. how to know c. knowing d. of knowing
3. a. organizing b. organize c. organization d. organized
4. a. transfer b. present c. interpret d. represent
5. a. both b. as well c. either d. not
6. a. on b. by c. in d. for
7. a. on most b. much on c. most on d. on much
8. a. truly b. really c. quite d. hardly

One evening Dr. Peterson was at a party. A woman came up to him and began to talk about her back.
"It’s very painful (1)___________ I've worked for a long time in my garden", the woman said. "You've hurt
it by bending for too long", Dr. Peterson replied. He then showed her (2)___________ to do some exercises.
However, (3)___________ the woman left he felt very angry. He went up to a friend of his who was
a lawyer. He told him about (4)___________ the woman and asked him for his advice. "Do you think I
(5)___________ send her a bill?" he asked. The lawyer thought for a moment and nodded. "How much should
I charge (6)___________ giving all that advice?" Dr. Peterson asked. "Charge her your usual fee" they lawyer
said.
The next day Dr. Peterson sent the woman a bill (7)___________ a few days later he was surprised
(8)___________ letter from the lawyer.
1. a. because b. for c. by d. as soon as
2. a. what b. why c. when d. how
3. a. when b. because c. if d. for
4. a. meet b. meeting c. to meet d. he met
5. a. should b. had better c. ought d. must
6. a. by b. because of c. owing to d. for
7. a. However b. In addition c. Therefore d. Alternatively
8. a. by receiving b. to receive c. for receiving d. receive

A new study shows that women can reduce ___________ (1) chances of developing heart disease by
jogging for about three hours every week. The ___________ (2) at Harvard University Medical in Boston
have just reported the results of the study on the New England Journal of Medicine. The study is the first to
show the ___________ (3) of jogging in the developing of heart disease in women. Only ___________ (4)
earlier studies have ___________ (5) the effects of jogging on the heart, but nearly all have been done on men.
The new study involves ___________ (6) than 72,000 women between the ages of forty and sixty-five during

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a period of eight years. The researchers have found that women ___________ (7) jog at least three hours a
week have a thirty to forty percent lower chance of suffering a heart attack than ___________ (8) who do not.
1. a. our b. their c. her d. his
2. a. researchers b. research c. researching d. researches
3. a. effectiveness b. effective c. effectively d. ineffective
4. a. few b. little c. a few d. a little
5. a. examining b. examined c. examines d. examine
6. a. rather b. sooner c. more d. about
7. a. whom b. which c. whose d. who
8. a. this b. that c. these d. those

Traveling is one of the most ___________ (1) forms of recreation in the USA. ___________ (2)
American employees receive an annual vacation with pay, and it is a good time ___________ (3) for traveling.
Traveling within the country is popular because foreign travel generally takes more time and money.
___________ (4), Americans who wish to vacation outside the USA are free to go almost anywhere. Obtaining
a passport is a routine matter. Every year about 13 million Americans travel abroad. The most popular vacation
periods are ___________ (5) the summer and during the two-week school break on the Christmas and New
Year’s holidays. These periods are also ___________ (6) and generally the most expensive time to travel, so
people who can adjust their schedules sometimes choose vacation in the autumn.
American vacationers often travel by car. Most families have a car, and those who do not have a car
can rent one. Cars are usually the ___________ (7) way to travel, especially for the families. It is also fairly
fast and convenient. Excellent highways connect the major cities. They enable vacationers to travel at an
almost steady speed of 55 to 65 miles an hour. Tourists that want to travel ___________ (8) often fly to their
destination and then rent a car to go around when they get there.
1. a. common b. popular c. frequent d. usual
2. a. most b. most of c. more d. mostly
3. a. on b. off c. in d. at
4. a. Therefore b. However c. Luckily d. Fortunately
5. a. during b. while c. between d. in the middle of
6. a. the most crowded b. more crowded c. the more crowded d. most crowded
7. a. economic b. economically c. economical d. economy
8. a. more fastly b. more slowly c. slower d. faster

Part 4: Sentence Transformation (1.5 points) - 6 questions

Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given.
Do not change the word given. You must use between TWO AND FIVE WORDS, including the word given.
1. The bread was too stale to eat. (fresh)
 The bread ___________________________ to eat.
2. I can’t possibly work in all this noise! (impossible)
 It ___________________________ work in all this noise!
3. Do you know who this coat belongs to? (coat)
 Do you know ___________________________ is?
4. Although he oversplept, Clive wasn’t late for work. (up)
 Despite ___________________________ on time, Clive wasn’t late for work.
5. I haven’t eaten food like this before. (time)
 This is the ___________________________ this sort of food.
6. The play was so boring that we left in the interval. (so)
 We were ___________________________. that we left in the interval.
7. It is increasingly difficult for me to read without my glasses. (finding)
 I am ___________________________ to read without my glasses.
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8. I last heard this song ten years ago. (been)
 It ___________________________ I last heard this song.
9. This office is too small for two people. (enough)
 This office ___________________________ for two people.
10. Nobody plays this piece as beautifully as he does. (more)
 He plays this piece ___________________________else.
11. My sister has brown hair and she loves wearing hats. (whose)
 My sister, ___________________________, loves wearing hat.
12. The information I got from the assistant was so confusing that I didn’t know what to do. (such)
 The assistant ___________________________ that I didn’t know what to do.
13. That cup is yours. (your)
 That ____________________.
14. This chair isn’t as comfortable as the sofa. (comfortable)
 The sofa ___________________________
15. It’s three o’clock now, and I’ve been waiting since two? (for)
 I’ve _________________________
16. Are you selling your bike?. (sale)
 Is ________________________________?
17. Leonardo is an artist. Everybody knows him (that)
 Leonardo ______________________________
18. The children couldn’t go swimming because the sea was rough. (too)
 The sea was _____________________________
19. Harry is one of my friend. (mine)
 Harry is ____________________
20. Staying at home for a holiday is cheaper than travelling abroad. (expensive)
 Travelling abroad for a holiday _________________________
21. Paula only arrived at school at 12.30. (didn’t)
 Paula ___________________
22. Eventually we stopped and turned back. (end)
 In __________________________
23. Einstein is a scientist. I admire him. (who)
 Einstein_______________________
24. We spent 5 hours getting to London. (took)
 It took ___________________________
25. People claim that he is the best tennis player of our times (said)
 He ___________________________ best tennis player of our times
26. They left early because they didn’t want to get caught in the traffic (avoid)
 They left early in order ___________________________ in the traffic
27. Why didn’t they tell me about these changes earlier? (should)
 I ___________________________ about these changes earlier
28. Nobody plays this piece as beautifully as he does. (more)
 He plays this piece ___________________________ else
29. If I don’t leave now, I’ll miss my train. (unless)
 I’ll ___________________________ I leave now
30. Would you like to for a coffee in 10 minutes or so? (about)
 How ___________________________ a coffee in 10 minutes or so?

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Structures to remember:
S + be + so + adj + that + S + V
S + be + such + (a/an) + adj + N + that + S + V
S + V + adj/ adv + enough + (for O) + to V
S + V + too + adj/ adv + (for O) + to + V
S1 + V1 (see the table below) + that + S2 + bare infinitive
advise ask insist propose stipulate command
move recommend suggest demand prefer require
decree order request urge
It + be + adj (see the table below) + that + S + bare infinitive
advised necessary recommended urgent critical important
obligatory required imperative vital mandatory proposed
suggested essential crucial
S1 + would rather + (that) + S2 + V (past subjunctive)
S + would rather + V (bare infinitive)
S1 + would prefer it if + S2 + V (past subjunctive)
S + would prefer + smb + to V (infinitive)
S + would prefer + to V (infinitive)
It’s (high/about) time + S + V (past subjunctive)
It’s time + (for SB) + to V
 S+ should/ ought to/ had better+ V = If I were you,…
It's + adj + of + somebody + to do ST
It is + adj + (for sb) + to do ST
 Doing sth be ADJ (for sb)
 S find Ving/ it/ N + ADJ to do sth
Whose + N (singular) + is + S?
Whose + N (plural) + are + S?
Despite/ In spite of + N/N phrase/V-ing, S + V + …
= S + V + … + despite/ in spite of + N/N phrase/V-ing
= Although/ Thought/ Even though + S + V + …, S + V + …
= Despite/ in spite of the fact that S+ V + …., S + V + …

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Because of/ Due to/ Owing to + N/N phrase/V-ing, S + V + …
= S + V + … + because of/ due to/ owing to + N/N phrase/V-ing
= Because + S + V + …, S + V + …
It takes/took SB + time + to do sth = Sb spend(s) + time + doing ST
Like sth/ doing sth
= Enjoy sth/ doing sth
= Be + fond of + sth/ doing sth
= Be interested in sth/ doing sth
= Be keen on sth/ doing sth
S + began / started + to V/ V-ing + time ago
 S + have/has + P2 / been Ving+ for / since …
S + last + Ved + time+ ago
 S + have/ has +not+ for + time.
 It’s + time+ since + S + last + Ved
 The last time + S + V ed+ was + time + ago.
This is the first time + S +have/has+P2
 S +have/ has + never + P2+ before
 S+ have/ has not+ P2+ before
This is the Superlative (…est/ most ADJ N) S +have/has+P2
 S +have/ has + never + P2+ such a/an+ ADJ+ N
 S+ have/ has never+ P2+ a more + ADJ+ N than this
S + V + so that/ in order that+ S + V
 S + V + to + V
There’s no point in + Ving:
 It’s no good/ no use + Ving
 It’s not worth + Ving
Shall we + V..../ Let's+ V.../ How/What about+ Ving..../ Why dont we + V ..?
 S+ suggested+ Ving
 S+ suggested+ that+ S+ should/shouldn't+ V
Reported speech
Accuse: S accused Sb of doing sth
Admit/ Deny: S+ admitted/ denied+ Ving/ having P2.

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Advise (should/ought to/ had better/ If I were you.../ Why don’t you)
S + advised sb + (not) to V
Invite (Would you like......?)
S+ offered Sb Sth
S+ offered to do Sth
S + invited sb+ to V
Remind: S + remember + to do Sth
 S + don’t forget + to do Sth
 S remind Sb to do Sth
Thank you: Thank Sb for Ving/ N
Apologise: S apologized to sb for Ving
Compliment: S congratulated Sb on Ving
Threaten: S+ threatened (sb)+to V/ not to V : đe doạ (ai) làm gì
Conditional sentences:
Type Form Usage
0 If + S + V(s,es), S+ V(s,es)/câu mệnh lệnh
1 If + S + V(s,es), S + Will/Can/shall...... + Vo Possible in the future
2 If + S + V2/ Ved, S +would/ Could/ Should...+ Vo Unreal present
3 If + S + Had + V3/Ved, S + would/ could...+ have + V3/Ved Unreal past
Mix If + S + had + V3/Ved, S + would + Vo
 Unless = If not.
Inversion
Type 1: Should+ S+ V
Type 2: Were S+ Adj/N / to V
Type 3: Had+ S+ (not) P2
Causative forms
Have SB do ST  have ST done
Get SB to do ST  get ST done
Make SB do ST  SB be made to do ST
Passive voice
People say S+ V
 It be said that S+ V

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 S be said to V/ to have P2
Comparison
Equality: S + V + as + adj/adv + as + N/pronoun
Comparative
Short Adj: S + V + adj/adv + er + than + N/pronoun
Long Adj: S + V + more + adj/adv + than + N/pronoun
Superlative
Short adj: S + V + the + adj/adv + est + N/pronoun
Long adj: S + V + the most + adj/adv + N/pronoun.
Irregular adjectives/ adverbs

Relative clauses
Relative pronouns Replacements Types
who + V people and sometimes pet animals defining and non-defining
who + S + V
which + V animals and things defining and non-defining; clause
referring to a whole sentence
which + S + V
that + V people, animals and things; informal defining only
that + S + V
whose + N + V possessive meaning; defining and non-defining
whose + N + S + V for people and animals usually; sometimes
for things in formal situations
whom + S + V people in formal styles or in writing; often defining and non-defining
with a preposition; rarely in conversation;
used instead of who if who is the object
no relative pronoun when the relative pronoun defines the object defining only
of the clause

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Relative pronouns: when, where and why
I know a restaurant where the food is excellent.
where + S + V places
(… a restaurant at which the food is excellent)
There isn’t a day when I don’t feel rushed off my feet.
when + S + V times
(… a day on which I don’t feel rushed …)
Do you know the reason why the shop is closed today?
why + S + V reasons
(… the reason for which the shop is closed …)
Reduced relative clauses
 Present participle phrases (V-ing phrase)
Ex: The man who is standing there is my brother.
=> The man standing there is my brother.
Do you know the boy who broke the windows last night?
=> Do you know the boy breaking the windows last night?
 Past participle phrase (V-ed phrase)
Ex: The books which were written by Nam Cao are interesting.
=> The books written by Nam Cao are interesting.
The students who were punished by teacher are lazy
=>The students punished by teacher are lazy.
 To infinitive (the first/ only/ last/ superlative)
Ex: Tom is the last person who enters the room
=> Tom is the last person to enter the room.
John is the youngest person who takes part in the race
=>John is the youngest person to take part in the race.
HAVE/HAD
Ex: I have much homework that I must do => I have many homework to do.
HERE (BE), THERE (BE)
Ex: There are six letters which have to be written today => There are six letters to be written today.
 Noun phrase (Appositive phrase): S + BE + N /N phrase/ prepositional phrase
Ex: Football, which is a popular sport, is very good for health
=> Football, a popular sport, is very good for health.
Do you like the book which is on the table?
=> Do you like the book on the table?

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