Art - Almost all art forms evolved from religion.

- People from the olden times worshipped

Humanities their gods in the form of songs and dances.
- A broad field. Physical function
- Fine arts, performing arts, and the literary
arts. - Houses and other buildings are constructed
- Aims to make students “human” – ‘humanus’ to protect their occupants and all the others
(Latin) – human, cultured, refined. inside them.
- Embraces social sciences and the - Dance – best form of exercise.
philosophy. - Music – form of therapy.

Aesthetic function

Art - Art serves to beautify.

- Webster – “human ingenuity in adapting

natural things to man’s use.”
- Artist uses his genius in transforming God- Art style and factors affecting art style
made things to man-made things that satisfy Geographical factors
his needs.
- “ars” – skill. - The place where the artist stays influences
- Implies personal, unanalyzable creative his works.
power.
- Skill – technical knowledge and proficiency. Historical factors
- Cunning – ingenuity, inventing.
- Artifice – mechanical skill; imitating things in - Historical events exert a great influence on
nature. artists especially the writers.
- Craft – expertness in workmanship. Social factors

- Social relationships affect artists too.

Functions of art Ideational factors
Personal/individual function - Ideas coming from various people also
- Artists have their personal reasons for influence artists.
indulging in art. Psychological factors
Social function - The works produced by the artists are
- Man is a social being and as such he affected by their psychological make-up of
associates with his fellow beings. frame of mind.
- Ex. Churches – communal worship. Technical factors
Economic function - Techniques matter as far as artistic styles
- Many people believe it does not pay to be an are concerned.
artist. - Paintings can be rendered realistically,
surrealistically, impressionistically, and so
Political function on.
Historical function

- Paintings, sculptures, architectural works,

and other art forms serve to record historical
figures and events.

Cultural function

- Material culture: buildings, clothes, etc. Principle of art

- Non-material culture: music, dance, and Harmony
language.
- Most essential factor in composition.
Religious function
 - Unity. - Visual arts that have length and width;
- All elements of a thing are put together to - Two-dimensional arts.
come up with a coherent whole. - Flat arts
- Satisfying effect of combining similar, - Photography, printing, etc.
related elements.
Plastic arts
Balance
- Visual arts that have length, width, and
- Physical equilibrium volume.
- Stability produced by even distribution of - Three-dimensional arts.
weight o each side of a thing. - Architecture, theater design, etc.

Formal balance Audio-visual arts

- Exists if the weights at equal distance from - Perceived by both ears and eyes.
the center are equal. - Performing arts
- Also called symmetrical balance. - Music, dance, and drama.
- Bilateral symmetry – left and right sides
Literary arts
appear the same.
- Radial symmetry – same measure occurs - Presented in the written mode and intended
from the central point to the end of every to be read.
radius. - Prose and poetry.
Informal balance Elements of the visual arts
- Left and right side of a thing, not the same in Line
appearance, still display an even distribution
of weight. - Mark made by a moving point.
- Asymmetrical/occult balance. - Has direction, weight, and variations in
direction.
Rhythm - Enormously useful and graphic device.
- Length, width, weight.
- Continuous use of a motif or repetitive - Directional.
pattern of a succession of similar or identical - Lines can be expressive
items. - Expresses ideas, feelings, or thoughts.
- A continuance, a flow or a feeling of - Sketches.
movement… - Splits spaces and surfaces.
- Progression - Draws your attention.
- Flowing - Creates 3D shapes.
- Creates texture.
Proportion - Creates tones and values.
- Comparative relationship of the different Vertical lines
parts in relations to the whole.
- Loftiness/spirituality
Emphasis

- Giving proper importance on 1 or more parts

of the thing or the whole thing itself. Horizontal lines
- Size, proportions, shape, color, line, position,
variety. - Rest
- Bigger size. Diagonal lines

- Suggests movement and direction.

Genres of art Curvilinear lines
Visual art

- Forms perceived by the eyes. Curved lines

- Paintings, sculptures, etc.
- Spatial arts – occupy space. - Suggests movement
Graphic arts Closure
 - Accounts for how the viewer perceives a Cool colors
discontinuous line as being continuous.
- Blue, green colors
Implied lines
Warm colors
- Completed by the viewer.
- Red, orange, yellow colors.
Outline
Texture
- Describes the outer edge of the shape.
- Actual – how it actually feels
Contour line - Visual – illusion of texture
- Simulated
- Outer edge of form

Construction lines

- Very measured, geometric, directional, and

angular. Man-made bc of precision.

Simple and composite lines

Color

- Most noticeable elements of visual arts.

Properties of color

- Hue – color name

- Value – lightness/darkness
- Intensity – saturation of color, purity,
chroma, brightness/dullness.

Primary colors

- Can’t be made by mixing

- Can be mixed to make all other colors on the
color wheel
- 3-7 colors on either side of a primary creates
an analogous color scheme.
- Local – actual color
- Optical – perception of color
- Conveys emotions/feelings.

Primary colors

- 1st to be produced
- Blue, red, and yellow

Secondary colors

- Produced by combining 2 primary colors

Intermediate colors

- 1 primary color and 1 secondary color

Complementary colors

- Opposite each other on the color wheel

Triadic colors

- Set of 3 colors forming a triangle in the color

wheel.