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Activity 3

The document describes an experiment to study the variation in potential drop along the length of a wire carrying a steady current using a potentiometer. The potential drop is measured at intervals along the wire using a voltmeter and the readings are recorded. A graph of potential drop versus length is plotted and the potential gradient is calculated from the slope of the graph, in accordance with the formula that potential drop is directly proportional to length.

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Nitin Yadav
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209 views5 pages

Activity 3

The document describes an experiment to study the variation in potential drop along the length of a wire carrying a steady current using a potentiometer. The potential drop is measured at intervals along the wire using a voltmeter and the readings are recorded. A graph of potential drop versus length is plotted and the potential gradient is calculated from the slope of the graph, in accordance with the formula that potential drop is directly proportional to length.

Uploaded by

Nitin Yadav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Activity 3

Aim:-
To study the variation in potential drop with length of a wire for
a steady current.
Apparatus and material:-
Apparatus: Potentiometer.
Material: A fully charged 4.5 V battery or battery eliminator, a
low resistance rheostat, a voltmeter of range (0 - 3.0 V), an
ammeter (0-3) A, a one way key, a jockey, a set square,
connecting wires and a piece of sand paper.
Theory:-
For a potentiometer with wire of uniform material density and
thickness (cross-sectional area) carrying a steady current,
potential drop is proportional to the length of the wire.

where K is the drop of potential per unit length. It is called the


potential gradient.
Procedure:-
 Draw a circuit diagram showing the scheme of connections
as in figure.
 Remove the insulation from the ends of the connecting
copper wires with a sand paper.
 Connect the positive pole of the battery (eliminator) (a
battery of constant e.m.f.) to the zero end (P) of the
potentiometer and the negative pole through a one-way
key, an ammeter and a low resistance rheostat to the other
end (Q) of the potentiometer.
 Connect the positive terminal of the voltmeter to the end P
of the potentiometer and the negative terminal to the
jockey.
 Touch the end of the jockey to the end Q of the
potentiometer.
 Close the key and set the rheostat such that the voltmeter
gives full scale deflection (3 V).
 Touch the jockey at end P at 0 (zero) cm. The voltmeter will
give zero deflection.
 Touch the jockey at marks separated by 50 cm length of
wire. Note the voltmeter reading in each case.
 Record your observations in tabular form as given ahead.

Result:-
Diagram:-

Observations and Calculations:-


Calculation from graph
Plot a graph choosing a suitable scale, for the values of potential
drop V along y-axis and length l along x-axis
as shown in figure.

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