INTRODUCTION TO NISHAT MILLS LIMITED:

Nishat Mills Limited is the flagship company of Nishat Group. It was established
fin 1951. It is one of the most modern, largest vertically integrated textile
companies in Pakistan. The owner of the mill is

" MIAN MANSHA”

The Company has the most modern textile dyeing and processing units, two
stitching units for home textile, two stitching units for garments and Power
Generation facilities with a capacity of 120 MW. The Company’s total export for
the year 2016 was Rs. 35.931 billion (US$ 344.744 million).

Due to the application of prudent management policies, consolidation of

operations, a strong balance sheet and an effective marketing strategy, the growth
trend is expected to continue in the years to come. The Company’s production
facilities comprise of spinning, weaving, processing, stitching and power
generation.

There are many industries of this group but some prominent mills of this group are
listed below:

• Nishat mills limited Faisalabad (having 6 spinning, 1 yarn dyeing, 3 twisting

and 1 power generation unit).

• Nishat mills limited, 20 km Sheikhupura Faisalabad Road Ferozwatwan

(having spinning unit).

• Nishat mills limited, Bhikhi 12 km Faisalabad Road Sheikhupura (having

weaving and power plant unit).
 • Nishat weaving mill, Ferozpur Road Lahore (having weaving, dyeing,
finishing, processing, stitching, garments manufacturing units).

There are almost 6000 workers working in different departments of the mill
including 700 staff members, 500 contract based workers and 4800 other workers.

VISION &MISSION STATEMENT:

VISION STATEMENT:

To transform the Company into a modern and dynamic yarn, cloth and processed
cloth and finished product manufacturing Company that is fully equipped to play a
meaningful role on sustainable basis in the economy of Pakistan.

To transform the Company into a modern and dynamic power generating Company
that is fully equipped to play a meaningful role on sustainable basis in the economy
of Pakistan.

MISSION STATEMENT:

To provide quality products to customers and explore new markets to

promote/expand sales of the Company through good governance and foster a sound
and dynamic team, so as to achieve optimum prices of products of the Company
for sustainable and equitable growth and prosperity of the Company.
THE GROUP:
Group:

Nishat group of companies is a premier business house of Pakistan. The group has
presence in all major sectors including Textiles, Cement, Banking, Insurance,
Power Generation, Hotel Business, Agriculture, Dairy and Paper Products.

Today, Nishat Group is considered to be at par with multinationals operating

locally in terms of its quality products and management skills.

SPINNING:
Nishat Mills Spinning Division has over 216,816 spindles, which are operationally
organized into 8 spinning units. The entire machinery is from world-renowned
manufactures from Japan, Switzerland, China and Germany, etc.
All yarns made at Nishat are Ring Spun suitable for both knitting and weaving.
Besides the best Pakistani cotton, long stapled American, Egyptian and US Pima
cotton is also used for fine counts.
For our strong belief in product development and innovation we have our own in-
house state of the art cotton and yarn testing laboratories. Nishat spinning is one of
the most trusted brands in the market due to its efficient production and quality.
Spinning production capacity for both Cotton and Blended Yarns is 200 Tons/Day.
Nishat mills limited exports more than 50% of its products mainly to Far East,
Europe and the United States, where it is trusted for its product’s quality and
timely delivery.

INTRODUCTION TO SPINNING UNIT NO:05 OF

NISHAT MILLS LIMITED, FAISALABAD:
We conducted our practical training of internship in spinning unit no.05 of Nishat
Mills Limited, Faisalabad.
The respected GENERAL MANAGER of the spinning unit no.05 is
CH.MUHAMMAD HUSSAIN He is very punctual, hardworking,
polite, generous and a man of incredible personality.
The respected TECHNICAL MANAGER of the spinning unit no.05 is

SIR BILAL HAIDER. He is a kind hearted, hardworking, efficient and

regular and a man of enormous qualities.
The training was related to ring spinning process of yarn formation solely and the
preparatory processes of the ring spinning technique i.e. the blow room, card,
draw frame, comber and simplex sections.
INTRODUCTION TO VARIOUS SECTIONS OF
THE SPINNING UNIT:
• BLOW ROOM:

Blow room is a collection of various machines working on different principles to

achieve different objectives. Almost all the machines associated with blow room
work with air currents hence this unit of machines is called Blow Room.

1.1PRINCIPLE OF WORKING

The main task of blow room is the opening and cleaning of the raw material.
However, following are the principles on which different machines of blow room
work.

• Opening and cleaning of the raw material

• Actions of air currents

• Action of beaters

• Regulating action

• Action of gravitational forces and centrifugal forces.

• Opposing spikes action

• CARDING SECTON
2.1 INTRODUCTION:
The word carding is derived from a Latin word “Cardous” which means a state of
single fiber separation. On card machine we obtain a state of material where each
individual fiber is separated from their fibers.

Experts explain carding as the heart of spinning process. This is because; it is the
last stage for removal of Impurities and neps.

Moreover, once an irregularity is introduced in the material, it would be further

drafted in the subsequent processes of spinning so much attention to quality and
production.

2.2.OBJECTS OF CARDING:

Control contains small percentages of trash and the preliminary opening gets rid of
only about two-third (2/3) of this.

The remainder is imprisoned in the tufts and some of its firmly attached to the
fibers themselves, and it is a function of the card to remove as much of this as
possible.

The fine action of the card breaks up the tufts and therefore, releases some of the
trash of rejection and the wire surface on the carding parts retain a proportion of
the residue, depending on the type of trash and on the carding action, is left in the
sliver.

Some of the trash will dropout during subsequent drafting processes, all of it can
be removed if the cotton is combed.

3.DRAW FRAME:
3.1 NECESSITY OF DRAW FRAME:
From a purely commercial view point the draw frame is of little significance. It
usually contributes less than 5% to production costs of the yarn. However, its
influence on quality, especially evenness, is advantage of this. Further.

If the draw frame is not perfectly adjusted there will also be effects on yarn
strength and elongation.

There are two main reasons for the considerable influence of the draw frame on
evenness. First, within the sequence of machines in the cotton-spinning mill, the
draw frame is definite compensation point for eliminating errors.

Inadequacies in the product leaving the draw frame not only pass into the yarn but
they are actually reinforced by drafting effects following the draw frame. The yarn
can never be of good quality without draw frame passage.

Secondly, a defect arising at the draw frame itself can exert an effect of significant
proportions on the overall process. It is equally clear that of all departments of
spinning mill, the drawing section is the least suitable place for making rigorous
economies.

4.SIMPLEX SECTION
4.1. NECESSITY OF ROVING FRAME:

The draw frame produces a sliver that already exhibits all the characteristics
required for the creation of yarn namely an ordered, clean strand of fibers laying
parallel to one another. It is a fair question to ask why this sliver is not used as in
feed material for the ring spinning machine, instead of being processed in an
expensive manner to create a roving as feed for spinning.

The roving machine itself is complicated, liable to faults, causes defects, adds to
production costs and delivers a product that is sensitive in both winding and un-
winding. Use of the machine is forced upon the spinner as a necessary evil for two
principal reasons.

The first reason is related to the required draft. Sliver is a thick, untwisted strand
that tends to be hairy and to create fly. The draft needed to covert this to yarn is in
the region of 300-500.

The drafting arrangements of ring spinning machines, in their current forms, are
not capable of processing this strand in single drafting operation to create a yarn of
short-staple fibers that meets all the normal demands on such yarn. The fine,
twisted, roving is significantly better suited to this purpose.

The second reason is that draw frame cans represent the worst conceivable mode or
transport and presentation of feed material to be ring spinning frame.

5.RING SECTION
An American, Thorpe invented the ring spinning frame in the year 1828. In 1830
another American jack, contributed the traveler rotating on the ring. Now more
than 150 years have passed since that time, the machine has experienced
considerable modification in detail, but the basic concept has remained unchanged.

Further developments on large scale appear unlikely because of the traveler, the
amount of heat developed in the traveler at high speeds is considerable, and it is
extremely difficult to conduct this heat away in the short time available, the
traveler speed is thus limited.

In spite of this ring spinning frame is most widely used from of spinners because.

• It is universally applicable i.e. any material can be spun to any required

fineness.
 • It delivers a yarn with optical characteristics (especially with regard to
structure and strength).

• It is uncomplicated and easy to master.

• The “Know-how” for operation of machine is well established and

accessible to everyone.

• It is flexible as regards quantities (blend and lot sizes)

6.WINDING SECTION
6.1. INTRODUCTION:

“Winding is the process which result in producing a good package of long length
and fault free yarn.”

Most of the Industries Ltd. use automatic winding machines. Quality of yarn and
package and winding machine production are improving day by day.

The requirement of yarn from the ring department comes in the small packages
(Ring Bobbins). This yarn is full of defect i.e., thick and thin places etc. these
defects are removed on the winding machines. The objects of winding are:

• To prepare a bigger package having sufficient length of yarn on it.

• To remove spinning faults i.e. thick and thin places.
• To improve the quality of the yarn
7.AUTO CONER

The development of automatic winding has reduced the labor requirement of

winding and along with the development of electronic yarn clearer has been a
major factor leading to the most universal adoption of single yarn winding and
cleaning. There are three main types of automatic winding machines.
 • Machines with one automatic knotter per winding head.

• Machines with traversing knotter to serve a number of spindles.

• Carousel machine in which the winding heads circulate around a fixed

control unit incorporating a magazine and knotter.

DAILY WORKINGS/ANALYSIS:
We have started our internship at NISHAT MILLS LIMITED, FAISALABAD on
Wednesday 31-05-2017.

At that day, we were introduced to our Technical Manager, Sir BILAL HAIDER
and other members of spinning unit no. 5 of NISHAT MILLS LIMITED,
FAISALABAD. We visited the whole spinning unit from start to end for a general
eye view and for introduction to machines.

1.Thursday, 01-06-2017.

On Thursday, we visited the Mixing Section individually in detail.

Mixing is done mechanically using an autoplucker. Auto-plucker can pluck up to

20 Pakistani bales at one time and up to 15 imported (U.S) bales at one time.
However, in spinning unit no.05, Autoplucker is used to pluck imported bales for
opening & thorough mixing.

• MACHINE DESCRIPTION:
The plucker has a revolving beater assembly to perform the function of opening
and mixing. The Beater’s rotational speed is 725 rpm. Its length is 1650 mm.
There are 369 no. of spikes associated with beater.

The beater has a central rotating shaft whose length is 600 mm. From center to rail
distance is 2566 mm. The main parts of the plucker are telescope pipe, carriage,
plucker beater, center axle, inner round frame, outer round frame and rail.

1.2. EXPERIENCES:

We worked as team members there and learned how to place the bales in plucker
and how to operate the machine properly.
2.FRIDAY, 02-06-2017.

On Friday, we started the blow room section. There were two blow room lines in
spinning unit no.05 having different no. of machines.

The line 1 machines are used for Pakistani cotton or for contaminated cotton and
line 2 machines are used for imported cotton.

In line no. 1, there are 10 no. machines and in line no. 2 there are 7 no. of
machines. The line 1 machines are Automatic bale opener (blendomat),
Multifunctional heavy particle separator, Pre-cleaner, Multi mixer, Fine cleaner 1,
FD-O, Fine cleaner 2, loptex, a colored foreign parts separator and a dust removing
machine.

The line 2 machines are Automatic bale opener (blendomat), Multifunctional

heavy particle separator, Pre-cleaner, Multi mixer, fine cleaner, loptex and a
colored foreign parts separator.

Firstly we started from the line no.1 machines and seen the first two machines in
detail, The Automatic bale opener and the heavy particle separator.

2.1. FUNCTION OF AUTOMATIC BALE OPENER:

The main function of automatic bale opener is to open up the material to micro
tufts and to blend the bales of cotton fiber of different origins. This function is
performed by beater & grid bars assembly via scrubbing action between grid bars
& beaters.
2.2. FUNCTION OF MULTIFUNCTIONAL SEPARATOR:

The function of multifunctional separator is to separate heavy trash particles like

stones (& motes) and metals which can damage the machinery. The metal particles
present in material can have fire hazards when in contact with the metallic parts of
machinery.The stones can also damage the card wire or overload the parts of
machinery.

There are no moving parts i.e. beaters. The trash is removed by centrifugal action.
Heavy particles drop down into the bottom collector. At bottom there is a U-shape
construction associated with grid bars to remove the impurities.
2.3. MACHINE DESCRIPTION:

2.4. AUTOMATIC BALE OPENER (BLENDOMAT):

• Make: Trutzschler

• Model: BO-A-2300 (2004)

• Maximum height of tower unit of bale opener: 1789 mm

• Working horizontal distance of the bale opener: 27995 mm

• Beater speed: 800 rpm

• No. of beaters: 2

• Tooth profile: star shaped twin profiled double teethes

2.5. PARTS OF OPENER:

• Take off unit, Vertical Swiveling Tower, Grid bars, Tuft channel, clamping
Rail, etc.

• No. of bales opened daily: 130

2.6. MULTIFUNCTIONAL SEPARATOR:

• Make: Trutzschler

• Model: SP-MF (2004)

2.7. EXPERIENCES:

We have learned how to place the bales on both sides of the opener and about the
working method & principle of the opener and to operate the meter of the opener
for different settings. We have also seen the working principle of multifunctional
separator to separate trash particles from the material.

3.SATURDAY, 03-06-2017.

On Saturday, we moved to next two machines, the pre cleaner and the multi mixer.

3.1. FUNCTION OF PRE CLEANER:

The main function of the pre cleaner is to perform preliminary cleaning of the
material.

Trash is removed by creating new surfaces of tufts via an opening action of

opposite spikes and cleaning action between grid bars and the beater rollers.

The material flows in spiral direction around the beating rollers. The material is
removed through an outlet duct.
3.2.FUNCTION OF MULTIMIXER:

The main function of the machine is to perform gentle but thorough mixing of the
material to achieve homogeneous blending of material.

There is a further opening step between the inclined spiked lattice and an evener
roller (short term blending).

There is a 900 deflection of the material flow producing a shift in the timing and
spatial distribution of the fiber packages from the first to last chutes. This special
construction and thereby different distances from the individual chutes to the
lattice enable long term blending of the material.
3.3. MACHINE DESCRIPTION:

PRE CLEANER (CL-P):

• Make: Trutzschler

• Model: CL-P (2004)

• Speed of 1st beater: 810 rpm

• Speed of 2nd beater: 850 rpm

• CL-P fan speed: 2305 rpm

• Dust cage speed: 128 rpm

3.4. PARTS OF PRE CLEANER:

Inlet duct, outlet duct, beaters and grid bars assembly, waste collecting duct etc.

• 3.5.MULTIMIXER:
Make: Trutzschler

• Model: MX-I-6 (2004)

• No. of compartments: 6

• Opening roller 1 speed: 778 rpm

• Opening roller 2 speed: 780 rpm

• Conveyor belt speed: 18 rpm

3.6. PARTS OF MULTI MIXER:

Storage section having 6 chutes;Intermediate chamber having a conveyor belt;

Delivery section having spiked lattice and an evener roller; etc.

3.7. EXPERIENCES:
We learned the operation and functioning of the machines to perform cleaning and
mixing of the material.

4.MONDAY, 05-06-2017.

On Monday, we observed the next two machines in detail which are fine cleaner 1
and FD-O.

4.1. FUNCTION OF FINE CLEANER 1 (CL-C1):

The task of this machine is to perform fine cleaning of the material. The machine
has one cylinder associated with grid bars assembly for the elimination of fine
trash particles. Same scrubbing action is present here. De dusting of the material is
also present in this machine.

4.2. FUNCTION OF FD-O:

In this machine, material is fed using distribution flaps and passed through a fan
which separates the material from air and performs the de-dusting function. Dusty
air is removed using dusty air suction duct and material goes to the stock trunk part
of the machine.

At bottom feed rolls feed the material toward opening roller and after an opening
step material is removed from the machine using outlet duct and transported to the
next machine.

These are basically small storage units for an optimum installation design and
these are necessary for a more even flow of material.

4.3. MACHINE DESCRIPTION:

FINE CLEANER 1 CL-C1:

• Make: Trutzschler
 • Model: CL-C1 (2004)

• Beater speed: 850 rpm

• Material pressure: 290 Pa

• Waste pressure: 610 Pa

FD-O:

• Make: Trutzschler

• Model: FD-O 2004

4.4. EXPERIENCES:

We observed the fine cleaning operation of the machine. FD-O was a new machine
to our knowledge.
We have seen the working principle of the machines, their parts and drives. There
were electronic control meters associated with the machine for different type of
adjustments of the machines.

5.TUESDAY, 06-06-2017:

On Tuesday, we have seen the next two machines.

5.1. FUNCTION OF FINE CLEANER CL-C3:

To perform the fine cleaning functions using 3 beater rollers assembled with grid
bars. The speed of successive rollers increases and teeth density of successive
rollers also becomes finer.

5.2. FUNCTION OF LOPTEX:

The main function of the machine is contamination detection and to give the
display in the form of spectrogram. Here detection is carried out using 3 types of
sensors. Optic sensors detect the contamination using fluorescent lights. Second
type of detection is performed by sonar sensors via hearing. Third type of detection
is performed by ultraviolet lights which sense the color change of material.

5.3. MACHINE DESCRIPTION:

• Make: Trutzschler

• Model: CL-C3 (2004)

• 1ST roller speed: 1055 rpm

• 2nd roller speed: 2230 rpm

• 3rd roller speed: 3525 rpm

• Material pressure: 455 Pa

• Waste pressure: 575 Pa

5.4. PARTS OF CLEANER:

Inlet chamber, outlet chamber, beaters, grid bars, deflector plates, waste pipe, dust
pipe, etc.

5.5. LOPTEX:

• Make: Trutzschler

• Model: LOPTEX CENTRA PLUS (2007)

5.6. EXPERIENCES:

We observed the operation of the fine cleaner&Loptex machine. We saw the

machine view by opening the lid covers of the machine. Loptex was a new
machine for us. We have seen the machine parts by opening the doors of the
machine.

6.WEDNESDAY, 07-06-2017.

We moved to next two and last two machines.

6.1. FUNCTION OF FOREIGN PARTS SEPARATOR SP-FPU:

Detection and elimination of foreign parts. It can detect white (transparent) as well
as colored foreign material like poly propylene and polythene using sensors.
6.2. FUNCTION OF DE DUSTING MACHINE (DUSTEX):

Main task is the separation of the dust from the material using fans.

The fiber material drawn in by transport fan is guided uniformly onto the
perforated plates by distribution flaps.

Due to small size of the dust particles, they drop through the openings/holes of the
plates, drawn by a fan and sent to waste disposal unit. The dust free tufts are
transported to outlet via a transport fan.
6.3. MACHINE DESCRIPTION:

FOREIGN PARTS SEPARATOR SP-FPU:

• Make: Trutzschler

• Model: SP-FPU NO.01 (2012)

DUSTEX:

• Make: Trutzschler

• Model: DX-2004

6.4. EXPERIENCES:

We observed the machine workings in detail.

The foreman and other workers helped us a lot in understanding the operations of
the machines. We have seen the trash eliminated by the machines and categorized
it.

7.THURSDAY,08-06-2017.

On Thursday, we started to work on card machine.

There are total 12 card machines in the spinning unit no. 05. Both blow room lines
1 & 2 feed 6, 6 cards individually. All machines are made by Trutzschler Company
and are of same model TC-03 (2003).

Chute feed system is used in spinning unit no.05 of NISHAT MILLS LIMITED.
There are 3 taker-in’s used in each card.

7.1. TASKS OF CARD MACHINE:

• Opening into individual fibers

• Elimination of impurities

• Elimination of dust

• Dis-entangling of neps

• Elimination of short fibers

• Fiber blending

• Fiber orientation

• Sliver formation, etc.

7.2. PARTS OF CARD MACHINE:

Feed duct, feed roller and feed plate, taker-in, main cylinder, movable flats,
stationary flats, doffer, suction system for removal of trash, trumpet, calendar
rollers, draft box, coiler & can assembly, can changer, etc.
7.3. PARTS DESCRIPTION:

7.3.1. FEED ROLLER AND FEED PLATE ASSEMBLY:

They feed to licker-in assembly and clamp the material securely against the action
of the licker-in and present the batt to licker-in in such a manner that opening can
be carried out gently.

7.3.2. THE LICKER-IN:

Taker-in is a cast iron roller upon which saw-tooth clothing is applied.

Beneath the taker-in there is an enclosure of grid elements and carding segments
above which a protective casing of metallic sheet is applied.

Taker-in plucks the fine tufts of material, leads them over dirt eliminating parts
under the roller and then delivers them to main cylinder.

The greatest part of opening and cleaning is performed by the licker-in assembly.
• MAIN CYLINDER:

The cylinder is manufactured from cast iron and is supported via roller bearings.
Beneath the cylinder there is closed casing. It opens the material into individual
fiber level and reduces the number of neps at high speeds, parallelizes the fibers
and transfers them to doffer. Cylinder is arranged in stripping configuration with
the taker-in’s.

• FLATS:

The bars of flats are made of cast iron or aluminum and given a ribbed shape (T-
SHAPE) to prevent longitudinal blending. A clothing strip of same width as of bars
is stretched over each bar and is secured by clamping using clips.

Together with the main cylinder, they perform all the main tasks of card machine.

• DOFFER:

Doffer is a cast iron cylinder used for the transfer of material from the main
cylinder and for the formation of web. Doffer is arranged in carding configuration
with the cylinder.

• TRUMPET AND CALENDAR ROLLERS:

Trumpet is used for the formation of sliver from web and calendar rollers are used
condensing of sliver made.

• COILER AND CAN ASSEMBLY:

They are used for deposition of sliver formed into can. Cycloidal deposition is used
and is proved most advantageous.

8. FRIDAY, 09-06-2017.

On Friday, we noted some technical data related to different parts of the card
machine. The data noted is given below.

8.1. Taker-in:

• Diameter of 1st taker-in: 177.8 mm

• Diameter of 2nd taker-in: 177.8 mm

• Diameter of 3rd taker-in: 177.8 mm

• Length of all taker-in’s: 1016 mm

• Speed of 1st taker-in: 1156 rpm

• Speed of 2nd taker-in: 1806 rpm

• Speed of 3rd taker-in:2378 rpm

8.2. Main cylinder:

• Diameter: 1270 mm

• Speed of the cylinder: 512 rpm

• Length of the cylinder roller:1016 mm

8.3. Doffer:

• Diameter of doffer: 685.8 mm

• Length of doffer: 1016 mm

• Speed of the doffer: 50 rpm

• Delivery speed of the card: 240 m/min.

• Flats speed: 230 mm/min.

• Draft: 100
 • Product size: 68 gr/yd.

• Can height: 1219 mm

• Can diameter:609.6 mm

• Coiling: over center

8.4. PRINCIPLES OF CARDING

• Point to point

The point of wire end of one surface faces the point of wire end of other surface.
These results in opening of fibers into single fiber state which causes cleaning of
material.

• Point to back

The point of wire point of one surface faces the back of wire point of other surface.
This results in transfer of material from latter to the former surface.

8.5. ESSENTIALS OF CARDING

• Carding

Important points regarding to carding action between the main

cylinder & flats and between the main cylinder and doffer:

• Point-to-point action

• Cylinder speed is very high as compared to that of flats

• Gauge setting between the two surfaces

• Stripping
Important points regarding to stripping action between the main cylinder and
the taker-in:

• Point to back action

• Maximum speed difference

• Gauge setting between the taker-in and the main cylinder.

9.SATURDAY, 10-06-2017.

On Saturday, we were introduced to wire identification code and terminologies

associated with it. Description is written below.

9.1. TRUTZSCHLER WIRE IDENTIFICATION CODE:

For example, if wire code for cylinder wire is T17.40.040.0950.05/FGRZ then

what is meant by this code?

• The word ‘T’ used at start indicates the company i.e. for TRUTZSCHLER.

• 17 indicates the total teeth height and it is read as 1/10 mm i.e. here the total
teeth height is 17/10 is 1.7 mm.

• 40 indicate the front angle of the teeth that it makes with the tangent to roller
surface. Here the angle of teeth to the tangent to roller surface is 400.

• 040 indicate the base width of the teeth and it is read as 1/100 mm. Here the
tooth base width is 040/100 is 0.4 mm.

• Then 0950 indicates the point density i.e. the points per square inch of the
wire used. Here it is 950 points/in2.
 • 05 written in code indicate working height of the teeth and it is read as 1/10
mm. Here it means 05/10= 0.5 mm i.e. working height is 2.8 mm of the total
height of the teeth which is 4mm.

• The words FGRZ at the end of the code indicate different specifications of
the teeth wire like surface treatments, tooth shape, special versions used, etc.

• Here F indicates that the surface at the point of teeth is > 0.1 mm.

• The word G indicates that the teeth are with enhanced points.

• R indicates that wire is serrated i.e. having serrations.

• And Z indicates that wire is special heat treated and free of scales.

The wires used in cards of spinning unit no. 05 of NISHAT MILLS LIMITED are
written below.

• 1st Taker-in wire identification code: T50.00.315.0034.34/VX

• 2nd taker-in wire identification code: T50.20.160.0164.35/V

• 3rd taker-in wire identification code: T50.20.160.0210.35/VB

• Main cylinder’s wire identification code: T17.40.040.0950.05/XI

• Doffer’s wire identification code: T040.30.090.0367.31/BZ.

10.MONDAY, 12-06-2017.

On Monday, we have seen the fittings and gauge adjustments of different opened
parts of card machine.

At Monday morning, the card machines are opened for the sake of cleaning and
then different parts are fitted at their running positions as indicated by
manufacturer.
We have seen the cleaning of different parts of card machines & learned how to
apply pressure using pressure nozzle for cleaning purposes.

10.1.EXPERIENCES:

We observed the machine in detail in several days. The staff was very helpful and
guiding for us. They supported us in every way; specially the foreman of the card
machine, Mr. SHAUKAT HAYAT, most cooperative and friendly person of the
whole spinning section,guided and demonstrated the different features of the
machine. He taught us how to identify different wire codes with the help of wire
charts. Overall, we worked as well as enjoyed in the carding section of the unit.

11.TUESDAY, 13-06-2017.

On Tuesday, we moved to draw frame and seen the breaker draw frame in detail.
There are 3 breaker draw frames installed in spinning unit no.05 of NISHAT
MILLS LIMITED which all 3 are double delivery.

11.1. FUNCTIONS OF DRAWFRAME:

Fiber Equalizing; fiber parallelization; Fiber blending; Dust Removal; Fiber

Doubling & drafting; etc.

11.2. PARTS OF DRAWFRAME:

Creel, drafting arrangement with pressure bar; trumpet; calendar rollers; coiler &
can assembly;can changer assembly; etc.
11.3. PARTS DESCRIPTION:

• CREEL:

The function of creel is to avoid false drafts, to stop the machine in case of sliver
breakage and to transport the sliver toward drafting arrangement.

• DRAFTING ARRANGEMENT:

Drafting arrangement is the heart of draw frame which is 3-by-3 arrangement here.
It consists of 3 pairs of rollers. Top rollers are covered with rubber coatings and
pressed towards the bottom rollers by pneumatic pressure. Bottom rollers are steel
rollers and are made with grooves/flutes for better guidance. Break draft distance
isalways greater than main draft distance. A pressure bar is used for fiber guide
purpose in the main drafting zone.

• TRUMPET & CALENDAR ROLLERS:

Trumpet is used for sliver formation and calendar rollers are used for further
condensing of sliver so that more quantity of sliver can be deposited into can. The
design of the trumpet is very important and its diameter can be adapted according
to the material volume. Calendar rollers are usually in the form of stepped discs as
fibers cannot escape easily with this type of arrangement.

• COILER AND CAN ASSEMBLY:

This assembly is used for sliver deposition into cans.

• CAN CHANGER ASSEMBLY:

It is used for can changing automatically when a can is filled with required sliver
volume. It is automation basically. This reduces the burden on the personnel and
enables more machines to be allocated to one person & reduces the necessity for
the operative’s attendance.

• WEDNESDAY, 14-06-2017.

On Wednesday, we collected some technical data about draw frame installed in

spinning unit no. 05 which is written below.

• MACHINE DESCRIPTION:

• Make: Reiter

• Model: SB-2 (2002).

• Delivery: double

• Doubling: 16

• Draft: 8.37
 • Can height: 1000 mm

• Can Diameter: 450 mm

• Product: 65 gr/yd

• Delivery Speed: 600 m/min.

• EXPERIENCES:

We worked as team members there. The foreman of the draw frame section helped
and guided us a lot in understanding the working of the machine. He demonstrated
us different machine features/parts. He also demonstrated different drives & drive
elements of machine.

• THURSDAY, 15-06-2017.

On Thursday, We examined the lap former in detail installed in spinning unit no.
05 of NISHAT MILLS LIMITED.

• FUNCTION,OF,LAP-FORMER:
To form lap of a specific weight form slivers using doubling and drafting
processes.

• PARTS OF LAP FORMER:

Creel, Double Drafting sheet, calendar rollers, shut rollers, lap ejector, transport
system, etc.

• PARTS DESCRIPTION:

• CREEL:

Creel is used for transport purpose. The slivers are transported through creel
towards drafting arrangement of lap former.
• DOUBLE DRAFTING SHEET:

The double drafting arrangement is designed for space saving purpose. If the
doubling of 24 slivers were present at one drafting arrangement the machine width
would be increased two much. So to reduce the machine width, the drafting
arrangement is designed in two arrangements, i.e. one after the other.

There are 3 pair of rollers is each drafting arrangement.The top rollers are covered
with rubber coatings and bottom rollers are made with flutes.

13.3.3. CALENDAR ROLLERS:

Calendar rollers are used to transport the lap sheet formed after drafting towards
the spool for winding.

13.3.4. LAP EJECTOR:

Lap ejectors help in the ejection of lap sheet towards the lap carrier to transport it
towards the comber machine.

13.4. MACHINE DESCRIPTION:

• Make: Reiter
 • Model: E-32 (2008-2012)

• No. of lap formers: 2

• Diameter of Top rollers: 39 mm

• Diameter of Bottom rollers: 32 mm

• Total draft: 1.52

• Feed Can height: 1066.8 mm

• Feed Can Diameter: 508 mm

• Doubling: 24

13.5. STOP MOTIONS OF MACHINE:

Sensor system: Available at creel and calendar rollers

Earth system: Available at drafting heads.

• FRIDAY, 16-06-2017.

On Friday, we started to work at the comber machine in detail.

14.1. FUNCTIONS OF THE COMBER MACHINE:

Short fibers removal; trash removal; dust removal; hooks removal; doubling &
drafting; sliver formation & deposition into cans; etc.

14.2. PARTS OF COMBER:

Feed roller and feed plate, nipper’s assembly, circular combs, top comb, detaching
rollers, drafting arrangement, sliver table, trumpet & calendarroller assembly,
coiler & can assembly, etc.
14.3. PARTS DESCRIPTION:

14.3.1. FEED ROLLERS AND FEED PLATE ASSEMBLY:

This assembly is used for feeding the lap sheet properly.

14.3.2. NIPPER ASSEMBLY:

Nipper plate is made of steel at clamping region for clamping a thick batt sheet and
remaining part is made of aluminum to made it low mass so that it can be
accelerated or decelerated easily.

The purpose of this assembly is to clamp the batt securely so that circular combs
can penetrate & pass through the material easily.

14.3.3. CIRCULAR COMBS:

They are responsible for the main task of the machine which is short fibers
removal.A combing cylinder supports a combing segment which is bolted to the
cylinder and is fitted with metallic clothing.
Only metallic clothing is now used and there are 3 to 5 zones of point density i.e.
with fewer teeth at the start, a somewhat higher density in the central zone and a
still higher density in the trailing zone.

14.3.4. TOP COMB:

Top comb performs self-cleaning/retaining action and comprises a holder to which

needle bar is secured by screws. Needles are soldered to bar. The needles have a
flattened cross section with a bend. During detaching, the fiber fringe is pressed
into these needles.

The depth of penetration is also important and adjustable.

14.3.5. DETACHING ROLLERS:

Detaching roller helps to perform the function of piecing and take-off of the
material. After the operation of combing has been completed, the detaching rollers
feed back a part of the previously formed web.

The nippers swing forward and lay the just combed fiber fringe onto the web
portion projecting from the detaching rollers then the detaching rollers rotate in
web take off direction and piecing process is completed.

14.3.6. DRAFTING ARRANGEMENT:

This assembly is used for doubling & attenuation of the material using a 3-over-3
drafting arrangement.

Other assemblies are used for sliver formzation and their deposition into cans.

15.SATURDAY, 17-06-2017.

On Saturday, we collected some technical data about comber machine.

15.1. MACHINE DESCRIPTION:

• Make: Reiter

• Model: E-66 (2008) and E-76 (2012).

• Total no. of comber machines: 10

• Doubling: 8

• Front bottom roller diameter: 32 mm

• Front top roller diameter: 42 mm

• Back two bottom rollers diameter: 29 mm

• Back two top rollers diameter: 39 mm

• Delivery speed: 235 m/min.

• No. of heads: 8

• Product: 65 gr/yd

• No. of deliveries: 1

• Feed system: feed forward

• Noil percentage: 20%

• Total draft at comber machine: 105

16.MONDAY, 19-06-2017.

On Monday, we have seen the cleaning operation of the comber machine in detail
and refitting of different parts of comber machine after cleaning.
16.1.EXPERIENCE:

We worked in lap forming and comber section for four days and understood the
working principles of both machines in detail. The foreman of this section,
Mr.ZAHID ABBAS, guided us in understanding of machine and machine drives.
He was a strict person to us at starting day but we find him very friendly in last
days of our working in that section.

17.TUESDAY, 20-06-2017.

On Tuesday, we have seen the operation of finisher drawframe in detail.

17.1. FUNCTIONS OF FINISHER DRAW FRAME:

Main functions of draw frame are doubling, drafting, equalizing, blending, dust
removal, trash removal, hooks removal, auto leveling, sliver formation, etc.

17.2. PARTS OF DRAWFRAME:

The parts of finisher draw frame are same as of breaker draw frame.

Difference is that it is associated with an auto leveling function for removal of

sliver imperfections (piecing irregularities).

So the additional parts are scanning discs for measurement (detection), regulating
device and an adjusting device (actuator).
17.3. MACHINE DESCRIPTION:

• Make: Reiter

• Model: RSBD-30 (2002)

• No. of finisher draw frames: 6

• Delivery speed: 500 m/min

• Product: 65 grains/yard

• Total draft: 7.408

• Pressure at tongue & groove discs: 120 kg

• Diameter of both scanning rollers: 92 mm

• Thickness of 1st scanning disc: 8.2 mm

• Thickness of 2nd scanning disc: 7.9 mm

• Can capacity: 4000 m

17.4.EXPERIENCES:
We worked at this machine for one day. We found the finisher draw frame same as
the breaker draw frame. The difference is only that it performs an additional auto
leveling function and to perform this function it has some additional parts like
scanning discs etc.

18.WEDNESDAY, 21-06-2017.

On Wednesday, we started to work at simplex machine installed in the spinning

unit # 05 of NISHAT MILLS LIMITED, FAISALABAD.

18.1. TASKS OF SIMPLEX MACHINE:

Attenuation of the sliver, Insertion of twist in order to hold small number of fibers
together,

Winding of roving into package that can be transported;stored and processed on

the ring-spinning machine.

18.2. PARTS OF SIMPLEX MACHINE:

Creel, drafting arrangement with cradle apron and spacers, presser arm, bobbin
rail, flyer & flyer top/cap assembly,condensers, spindle &winding unit,etc.
18.3. PARTS DESCRITION:

18.3.1. CREEL:

Creel is basically used for sliver transfer from cans to the machine.

18.3.2. Drafting arrangement:

• Drafting arrangement used at simplex machine is 4-over-4 arrangement.

Drafting is the main operation of the simplex machine.

• Cradle is used in drafting arrangement as tensioning device.

• Apron is used as guide and transport element.

• Spacer is distance element basically used for controlled drawing process.

18.3.3. FLYER:

Flyer is twisting element used to insert protective twist in the roving as at this
stage, fibers have less cohesion even they can fly with a simple blow so twist is
required for strength purposes.
Immediately after drafting arrangement, there is a twisting assembly in the form of
flyer top & flyer. The flyer has somewhat less speed as compared to spindle.

18.3.4. SPINDLE:

Spindle is used for winding operation. To make winding process possible the
spindle is given somewhat higher speed than the flyer. Bobbin tube is mounted
onto this spindle for winding.

Bobbin rail with packages is raised and lowered for uniform deposition of material
at package so that coils can be arranged very closely and parallel to one another at
packages. This winding operation makes the process of machine a little bit
complex.

18.3.5. PRESSER ARM:

To ensure that the roving is passed safely and without damage to wind up point, it
runs through the flyer top and the hollow flyer leg and is wound 2-3 times around
the presser arm before reaching the bobbin.

19.THURSDAY, 22-06-2017.

On Thursday, we collected some technical data about the machine written below.

19.1. MACHINE DESCRIPTION:

• No. of Simplex frames: 6

• Make: Toyota

• Model: FL-100 (2002)

• No. of spindles per frame: 120

• Spindle speed: 1050 rpm

 • Delivery rate: 25.4 m/min

• Production efficiency: 85 %

• Flyer speed: 1233 rpm

• T.P.I: 1.15 OR 1.18

• Drafting System: 4/4 arrangement

• Top rollers diameter: 28 mm

• 2nd top roller diameter: 25 mm

• Bottom rollers diameter: 28.5 mm

• Total draft: 6.64

• Delivery length: 2200 (changeable)

• Roving hank(H.R.): 0.85 NE

20.FRIDAY, 23-06-2017.
On Friday, we have seen the detailed cleaning process of simplex machine. In it we
have seen the cleaning of various parts of machine and refitting of these parts after
cleaning. We our self also fitted the various parts of machine.
20.1.EXPERIENCES:
We worked at this machine for three days and understood the principles of the
machine in detail. The foreman, Mr. SANA ULLAH, was very friendly and
cooperating for us. He guided us in every possible way.
We found simplex machine somewhat difficult as we haven’t learnt this section in
theory course. However, with proper guide provided by the foremen, we
understood the working principle of machine,working of different parts and their
functions and machine drives, etc.
21.SATURDAY, 24-05-2017.
On Saturday, we started to work at Ring frame machines installed in spinning unit
# 05 of NISHAT MILLS LIMITED, FAISALABAD.There were 22 total ring
spinning machines installed in unit no. 05 in which 7 machines are of REITER’s
(k-44), and 15 machines are of TOYOTA’s (RX-240 having 1008 spindles at each
machine)Company.
At 1st day, we worked on REITER’s ring spinning machine. Details are written
below.

21.1. TASKS OF MACHINE:

Attenuate the fiber until the required fineness is achieved, to impact strength to the
fiber strand by twisting, to wind up the yarn in a suitable form for storage,
transportation and further processing.
21.2. PARTS OF RING FRAME:
Creel, Drafting arrangement, twisting arrangement, winding assembly, conveyor,
snail wire, balloon controller, steel ring, traveler& adopter, ring traveler cleaner,
spindle & bolster, spindle tape, knee breaker, auto doffing assembly,etc.
21.3. PARTS DESCRIPTION:
21.3.1. CREEL:
Creel is used for transport purpose. It is used to avoid false drafts in material.
Guide rails lead the roving’s into the drafting arrangement.
21.3.2. DRAFTING ARRANGEMENT:
This assembly attenuates the roving into required final count. The drafting
arrangement is inclined to an angle of about 45-600. It is one of the most important
assemblies of the machine since it has considerable influence on the irregularities
in the yarn.
3 line double apron drafting arrangements are used in this machine. It is 3-over-3
roller arrangement and fiber guide is provided by deflecting rollers.
Top rollers used are double boss rollers that are pressed toward bottom rollers
using pressure.
21.3.3. TWISTING ARRANGEMENT:
Traveler with ring is used for twisting the fiber strand. Traveler is basic twist
inserting element. Traveler used in the machine is single sided. Traveler ring is
inserted into adopter ring.
21.3.4. WINDING ASSEMBLY:
The spindle &traveler are used for winding purpose. Traveler ring is mounted onto
the ring rail which is associated with a raising and lowering motion for proper
coiling of the yarn at cop.
21.3.5. SPINDLE & BOLSTER:
This assembly is used for winding. The difference between the speeds of spindle
and traveler is responsible for the winding of the material.
21.3.6. SPINDLE TAPE:

This is drive element which runs on a pulley and gives drive to two spindles at
one side of the machine and two spindles at the other side of the machine.

21.3.7. KNEE BREAKER:

Knee breaker is used for breaking of the yarn when required.

21.3.8. AUTOMATIC DOFFING:

Automatic doffing is used to remove the completed cop package from machine and
for insertion of new paper cones or plastic cone tubes at the spindles.

21.3.9. CONVEYOR:

Conveyor belt is used to transport the completed cop packages (bobbins) for
removal from machine. They drop the bobbins into trolley and through the trolley;
bobbins are transported to the next section of the mill.

22.FRIDAY, 30-06-2017.

On Friday, we collected some technical data related to REITER ring spinning

machine installed in spinning unit # 05 of NISHAT MILLS LIMITED.

22.1. MACHINE DESCRIPTION:

• Make: Reiter

• Model: K-44 (2003-2004)

• No. of spindles per machine: 1008

• No. of Reiter machines: 7

• Yarn count: 30/1 CMH

• Spindle speed: 18000 rpm

• Drafting arrangement: 3-over-3

 • Total draft: 36.00

• Top rollers diameter: 29 mm

• Front bottom rollers diameter: 59 mm

• Middle and back bottom rollers diameter: 27 mm

• Spindle gauge: 70 mm

• Twist per inch: 18.6

• Delivery speed: 27yd/min

23.SATURDAY, 01-07-2017.

On Saturday, we worked on Toyota’s ring spinning machines installed in spinning

unit no.05 of NISHAT MILLS LIMITED. There were 15 Toyota’s ring spinning
machines in which12 are of compact type machines and other 3 are non-compact
type machines.
The parts are the same as described for Reiter’s machine. The differences are in
drafting gauges, twist per inch, machine gauges and some suction points
arrangements, etc. some are enlisted below.

23.1. MACHINE DESCRIPTION:

• Make: Toyota

• Model: RX-240.

• Spindle speed: 19000 rpm

• Count of yarn: 32 combed hoisltery& 30 carded hoisltery.

• Drafting arrangement: 3-over-3

• Total draft: 35.9

• Break draft distance: 50 mm

• Main draft distance: 44 mm

• Twist per inch: 18.1

• Top rollers diameter: 29 mm

• Bottom rollers diameter: 27 mm

• Bobbin weight: 42 g

• Spindle gauge: 75 mm

• Delivery speed: 27.2 yd/min.

24.MONDAY, 03-07-2017.

On Monday, we have seen the cleaning practices of the ring frames and refitting of
different parts on machine in detail.
24.1EXPERIENCES:

We worked on this machine section for four days and learned a lot. We haven’t
learnt the theory portion of this section but with the help & guidance of the
foreman, MR MUHAMMAD TARIQ, we understood the working principle of
the machine, machine parts and their functions and machine drives, etc.He was
friendly to us. When we required him, he came to us and guided us as much as
possible.

25.TUESDAY, 04-07-2017.

On Tuesday, we started to work at winding machines installed in auto-cone

winding section of the spinning unit no.05 of NISHAT MILLS LIMITED,
FAISALABAD.

There were total 9 machines installed in this section. All are of same company but
there are 3 different quantum’s of these machines.Quantum 2 i.e. Q 2 is some
advance in functions than the Quantum 1 i.e. Q1. Same is the case with Quantum 3
i.e. Q3 is somewhat advance than Quantum 2 i.e. Q2.

25.1. TASKS OF THE MACHINE:

Unwinding of bobbins, clearing of yarn imperfections i.e. thick & thin places,
rewinding onto cones i.e. cones formation.

25.2. PARTS OF MACHINE:

Cradle, drum, traverse guide, inverter card, suction mouth, wax box assembly,

Uster Quantum cleaner, cutter, PLC-21 unit, splicer box, tension assembly, balcon,
bobbin chute & bobbin peg assembly, bobbin ejector, blower cleaner, main head,
re-tie clamp, etc.

25.3. PARTS DESCRIPTION:

25.3.1. CRADLE:

Cradle id used for paper cone mounting. It has a big adopter at one side and a small
adopter at second side for smooth running of the rewinding process and due to
conical shape of the paper cone.

25.3.2. DRUM:

Drum is a guide for rewinding process. It is a steel cylinder which is grooved for
better support and guide so that the material cannot escape easily.

25.3.3. TRAVERSE GUIDE:

After drum, there is a traverse guide which is made of aluminum/steel and is

tapered/conical in shape for guide purposes.

25.3.4. SUCTION MOUTH:

There is a suction mouth which sucks the yarn for splicing from forming cone
package and takes it to downward for splicing with other yarn end from bobbin.

25.3.5. WAX BOX:

This is used for waxing of the material for strength imparting purposes.

25.3.6. USTER QUANTUM CLEARER:

This part is an important part of machine which detects the thickness variation

from a pre-set value of thickness working on the principle iof capacitor plates.

There are 2 slots between which the yarn is passed for detection purposes.

Cutter is used for the removal of imperfections detected by the USTER

QUANTUM cleaner.

25.3.7. PLC-21 UNIT:

It is used for length and mass adjustments.

25.3.8. SPLICER BOX:

In this box, splicing is done.

25.3.9. TENSION ASSEMBLY:

It is used for controlling the hardness of the package.

25.3.10. BOBBIN CHUTE:

It is used for bobbin droppings toward bobbin peg (at which bobbin is placed for
unwinding).

25.3.11. BOBBIN EJECTOR:

It is used for bobbin ejection toward the conveyor.

25.3.12. RE-TIE CLAMP:

It is used for splicing purpose and takes yarn from bobbins at bottom through
suction.
25.3.13. BLOWER:

It uses suction for collection of fly present at machine.

26. WEDNESDAY, 05-07-2017.

On Wednesday, we collected some technical data of winding machine and again

seen the process of operation of machine in detail.

26.1. MACHINE DESCRIPTION:

• Make: MURATEC

• Model: 21-C (2002)

• Quantum of machine: Q1

• No. of spindles at one machine: 60

• No. of bobbins to complete one cone: 45 almost

• Yarn speed: 1450 m/min.

• Cone weight: 4.17 lbs

26.2.EXPERIENCES:

The experience of this section is very good. We have seen the machine functions
and machine parts, their placement & function in machine, machine’s drive

elements and their functions, etc. The splicing process was very interesting to us.

We also learned how to operate the meter of the machine and how to study the
different parameters of the machine from machine meter and how to change them
for adjustments.

27.THURSDAY, 06-07-2017.

• On Thursday, we have seen the conditioning process of the spinning unit

no.05 installed in NISHAT MILLS LIMITED, FAISALABAD.

• There was a large cylindrical conditioning machine installed in which the

cone trolleys are placed for conditioning purpose. Temperature of
conditioning machine was set at 620C and conditioning time fed to the
machine was 15 minutes.

• Five cone trolleys were placed in one time for conditioning and at one time,
there were 100 cones present at one trolley. The machine was of XORELLA
AG (CH-5430 WETTINGEN) Company. The machine model was LT-O
2002.

• There were two pumps named as vacuum pump and disposal pump attached
to the machine.

Some other technical data is given below;

• Vacuum pump speed: 1450-1750 rpm

• Water consumption: 50-60 liters/min

 • Pump pressure: 80 m-bar

• Electricity consumption: 15-18.5 kW

• Diameter of the machine: 2000 mm

• Length of the machine: 4000 mm

• Volume of the machine: 14200 liter

• Main connection: 400 V.

28.FRIDAY, 07-07-2017.

• On Friday, we have seen the packaging process/operation of the spinning

unit no: 05 installed in NISHAT MILLS LIMITED, FAISALABAD.

• There were two types of packaging of cones of yarn.

• In one type, workers place safety cover and identification mark to cones
manually and place them into polypropylene bags manually. One complete
bag weight is 46.96 kg or 46.60 kg or 46.90 kg and 312 bags are prepared in
24 hours in two shifts.
 • One cone weight is 4.17 lb. in one bag 24 cones can be placed.

• In second type, a pallet packing machine is used for packaging of cones of

MIDO company. In one pallet 546 cones of count 20/1 (3.42 lbs) can be
placed and 325 cones of count 30/1 (4.90 lbs) can be placed at one time for
packaging.

• Firstly, a wooden pallet is placed at pallet machine and then cones are
arranged at this pallet in ascending order until the required number of cones

is placed onto the pallet part. Then a paper cover is wound on the arranged cones at
pallet part as a boundary cover. Then top part is covered using paper cover part.
After, polythene cover is wound on the whole package.

• After it, nylon tape is wound for strength. After it, an identification sheet
paper is attached to it and again polythene cover is wound on the whole
 package. Lifter lifts this package from the machine and transported to
destination.

28.1.EXPERIENCES:

The conditioning and packaging sections were very interesting. We worked as well
as enjoyed in these sections of the mill. There were not any technicalities involved
in these sections as were present in previous sections. So, we found these sections
as light working sections. The staff was very helpful to us.

29.SATURDAY, 08-07-2017.

On Saturday, we have seen the twisting section of the spinning unit no.05 of
NISHAT MILLS LIMITED, FAISALABAD.

There were a doubling machine which forms the ply yarn packages and 5 twisting
machines which twist these 2 yarns around each other.

29.1. PARTS OF DOUBLING MACHINE:

Cradle, drum(guide), guide for two yarns coming from two bobbins, length sensor,
guide, cutter, tension roll, snail wire, sensors, cone holder (at bottom), blower, etc.
29.2. MACHINE DESCRIPTION:

• Name: CHEESE WINDER S.S.M

• Model: 2005

• No. of doubling units at one machine: 70

• Machine speed: 600 rpm.

• No. of cones fed at one machine: 140

• Yarn count: 16/2 and 60/2.

29.3. PARTS OF TWISTER:

Centric disk, drum, guide, flyer & cover, yarn tensioning assembly, spindle rotor,
spindle assembly, tension pulley, balloon cover & production part, tape, air clutch,
cradle, etc.
29.4. MACHINE DESCRIPTION:

• Make: Volkmann Saurer

• Model: 10-CO 2005

• No. of spindles at one machine: 200

• count: 16/2 and 60/2

• Twist per inch: 16.1

• Motor speed: 10000 rpm

• Traverse rod speed: 34.8 rpm

• No. of cones fed: 200.

At10and 11 July, we reviewed some machines.

At 12 and 13 July, we worked in TESTING AND QUALITY CONTROL LAB of

spinning unit no.05 and learned & practiced different tests of slivers, roving’s and
yarns regarding quality performed at different testing machines.

The instruments of the lab are:

• Uster single fiber strength tester (USTER TENSORAPID)

• Uster evenness tester

• Lea count strength tester

• Yarn board inspection machine

• Wax machine/Friction meter

30. OVERALL EXPERIENCES:

The overall experience to the mill was very good. We have learnt a lot from the
mill. We have come across many new things. Our observation sense has improved
a lot. Our understandings of the machines parts and machines processes of the mill
have increased to much extent.

We found the mill staff very friendly and worked as team members there. At every
morning the machines were cleaned and after one week there were thorough
cleaning of the machines by opening their individual parts and re fitting them after
cleaning.

At last days of our internship, we were invited and served with tea & cookies by
each section’s foreman individually and we enjoyed their hospitality very much.