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Superchargers

Superchargers are pressure boosting devices that compress air entering the engine's cylinders, allowing more fuel to be burned and increasing power output. They are mechanically powered by the engine's crankshaft through a belt or chain, forcing more air into the intake manifold above atmospheric pressure. This compressed air is then cooled through an intercooler before ignition to maintain power by preventing loss of air density during combustion. While superchargers provide benefits like higher acceleration and reduced emissions, they also draw power from the engine, generate more heat, and induce additional stress on engine components.

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91 views2 pages

Superchargers

Superchargers are pressure boosting devices that compress air entering the engine's cylinders, allowing more fuel to be burned and increasing power output. They are mechanically powered by the engine's crankshaft through a belt or chain, forcing more air into the intake manifold above atmospheric pressure. This compressed air is then cooled through an intercooler before ignition to maintain power by preventing loss of air density during combustion. While superchargers provide benefits like higher acceleration and reduced emissions, they also draw power from the engine, generate more heat, and induce additional stress on engine components.

Uploaded by

Venses Franklin
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Superchargers :-

Superchargers are pressure boosting devices(compressors) which increase the pressure of


the air before letting it get into cylinder of the internal combustion engine. The process of
increasing the pressure OR forcing more air to get into engine is called as supercharging.
The power generated by engine is a function of the mean effective pressure. average
pressure in the cylinder. Power is directly pro portional to the average pressure.
Power ∝ Mean effective pressure (MEP). Pressure goes on increasing during
compression stroke & goes on decreasing during exhaust stroke.

working of a supercharger
Superchargers are powered mechanically by the belt or chain that goes to the crankshaft. They
force more air into the engine so that more fuel can be burned, which in turn creates more
energy. Superchargers increase air intake by compressing the air above atmospheric pressure. A
supercharger draws its power directly from the crankshaft. Most of them use an accessory belt, which
is wrapped around a pulley that is connected to a drive gear. Once the drive gear rotates, it rotates the
compressor gear. The compressors job is to draw in more air and squeeze it into a smaller space. This
is then discharged into the intake manifold.The drive gear has to be bigger than the compressor gear
in a supercharger. This is because the supercharger must spin faster than the engine itself to pressurize
the air. Some superchargers can spin at speeds of up to 65,000 rpm, far above any normal engine.Like
a turbocharger, the compressed air created by the supercharger becomes hot and loses its density. This
means that it can’t expand as much during the explosion period, which reduces power produced. An
intercooler is responsible for cooling the hot air before it enters the intake manifold. Cool air or water
is sent through a series of pipes that cool the compressed air as it is passed over them. This reduces
the density and makes for more power.

Advantages of supercharging :-

 Higher power output.


 Reduced smoke from exhaust gases. The extra air pushed into cylinder, helps the
air to complete combust leading to lesser smoke generation.
 Quicker acceleration of vehicle. Supercharger starts working as soon as the engine
starts running. This way the engine gets a boost even at the beginning leading to
quicker acceleration.
 Cheaper than turbocharger.

Limitations :-

 Draws power from engine. Though the overall mechanical efficiency is increased
but it consumes power from the engine. The same job is done by a turbocharger
without consuming extra power
 Increased heat generation. The engine should have proper heat dissipation system s
as well as it should be able to withstand thermal stresses
 Induces stress. The engine must hold up against the high pressure & bigger
explosions generated in the cylinder. If the engine is not designed considering
these stresses, it may damage the piston head.

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