PRSM 108 : CREATIVE ARTS, MUSIC, DANCE & DRAMA - They learn to understand special relationships, to
for the YOUNG do abstract thinking, & to engage in problem
MIDTERM solving activities.
- Distinguished what is real & what is unreal/
PLAY fantasy.
o Range of voluntary, intrinsically motivated
activities normally associated with pleasure and MORAL VALUE
enjoyment - Cultural values like honesty, integrity,
o Also known as “Work of the Children” / Daily work sportsmanship, & compassion are learned.
of a Child - They assume responsibility for their own actions.
o Act as a tool for assessing stress should adhere to the group values & can be
expelled if they don’t.
Criteria
CREATIVE VALUE
Voluntary
- Playing with materials like clay, paper & finger
Internally Motivated
paints.
Unique to each child
- Children are most creative when they are playing
Active with Motion and Cognition
alone.
- They carry their new discoveries to the outside
Content of Play
world of play.
- This involves physical, mental, emotional, and
spiritual aspect of the play along with the social
THERAPEUTIC VALUE
relationship
- Play provides the release of stress and tension.
- It follows a directional trend of simple to complex
Children express their emotions and test out
frightening situations in a way that peers and
Characteristic of Play
adults can accept. They reveal themselves
o Play is child-chosen
through play.
o Play is child-invented
- Nurses can carefully observe the play of children
o Play is pretend but done as if the activity were real
& determine needs, concerns & feelings that
o Play focuses on the doing (process, not product)
cannot be put in to words. Children should be
o Play is done by the players (children), not the
protected if they become aggressive & should be
adults ( caregivers, teachers, or parents)
guided into less aggressive type of play
o Play requires active involvement
o Play is pleasurable
SOCIALIZATION
o It is marked by flexibility
- Social & emotional development is enhanced
through play. When they play with adults, parents
Values of Play
and peers they develop social relationship.
o Physical value
o Intellectual value
TYPES OF PLAY
o Moral value
o Social Affective Play
o Creative value
o Sense Pleasure Play
o Therapeutic value
o Play with Objects
o Socialization
o Play with Language
o Skill Play
PHYSICAL VALUE
o Play with motion and Interaction
- Muscular and sensory abilities are developed.
o Play with nature
Infants & young children develop their sensory
o Play with social material - explore, relation
abilities through the tactile, visual and auditory
between objects, actions, and people
sensations derived from playing with rattle balls
o Play with child’s interest and skills
and other toys.
o Ritualistic play- it is the controlled rhythmic
- Toddlers and preschool children enjoy large
repetition of activities
muscle activity such as running, climbing &
o Play with rules
exploring the environment. School age children
o Play with Gadgets / technology
organize their movements into more complex
forms like bicycle riding, racing.
Parten’s Stage of Play
MILDRED PARTEN
INTELLECTUAL VALUE
o Mildred Parten (1902 –after 1932) was an
- Children learn the differences in sizes, shape,
American sociologist, a researcher at University
colours, textures, numbers, & names of the
of Minnesota’s Institute of Child Development.
objects.
o She competed her doctoral dissertation in
1929. She developed the theory of SIX stages
of child’s play
o Parten was one of the first to conduct
extensive studies on children for the case of
Play.
UNOCCUPIED PLAY
- The child is not playing or watching anyone or
anything in particular.
- They might stand or sit and just do nothing.
ONLOOKER PLAY
- The child spends of their time watching others
- They might look talk to the player but will not
engage in the actual play activity
SOLITARY PLAY (Independent Play)
- The child plays alone.
- No connection or conversation is made with
anyone nearby.
PARALLEL PLAY
- The child plays alone but with toys that are shared
with others.
- The child play beside other children but
communication might be limited or none at all.
ASSOCIATIVE PLAY
- The child plays with other children.
- The play is not coordinated. They may talk and
share toys but they are still independent players.
COOPERATIVE PLAY
- Children come together and play.
- A group of children with a common goal or similar
interests, acting out adult situations or playing
formal games.
