Best

Management
Practices For
Hospital
Waste
Publication Number 05-04-013
October 2005
Best Management Practices
for Hospital Waste

Publication Number 05-04-013

December 2005
If you need this information in an alternate format, please call the Hazardous Waste and
Toxics Reduction Program at 360-407-6700. If you are a person with a speech or hearing
impairment, call 711, or 800-833-6388 for TTY.
 Acknowledgements
The following individuals contributed in writing, review, technical assistance or consultation during the
preparation of the first edition of this guide:

Laura Brannen Hospitals for a Healthy Environment

Janet Brown Hospitals for a Healthy Environment
Cathy Buller Northwest Pollution Prevention Resource Center
Dave Enos GeoEngineers/Spokane Aquifer Joint Board
Michael Fagan United States Environmental Protection Agency
Arianne Fernandez Washington State Department of Ecology
Greg Flibbert Washington State Department of Ecology
Catherine Galligan Sustainable Hospitals
Kenneth Grimm Northwest Pollution Prevention Resource Center
Jan Heaton Washington State Department of Ecology
Liisa Itkonen Idaho Department of Environmental Quality
Dave Johnson Modern Electric/Spokane Aquifer Joint Board
Emma Johnson Washington State Department of Ecology
Scott Mallery Washington State Department of Ecology
Camille Martin Washington State Department of Ecology
Chuck Matthews Washington State Department of Ecology
Susan McGeorge Whitworth W.D. #2/Spokane Aquifer Joint Board
Julia McHugh Spokane Aquifer Joint Board
Terri Miller Washington State Department of Ecology
Peggy Morgan Washington State Department of Ecology
Rolfe Parsloe Washington State Department of Ecology
Neha Patel Oregon Center for Environmental Health
Maria Peeler Washington State Department of Ecology
Lori Rodriguez Washington State Department of Ecology
Laura Schleyer Washington State Department of Ecology
Marni Solheim Washington State Department of Ecology
Frank Triplett City of Spokane/Spokane Aquifer Joint Board
Dave Waddell King County Department of Natural Resources
Ty Wick Spokane County W.D./Spokane Aquifer Joint Board
Jenny Yoo Washington State Department of Ecology
Catherine Zimmer MnTAP

The research and writing of this publication was cooperatively sponsored by Spokane Aquifer Joint Board and
Washington State Department of Ecology, Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program.
 Table of Contentsss
Chapter 1. Environmental Management
Dangerous Waste ..............................................................................................................................................1-1
Getting Started ..................................................................................................................................................1-1
Dangerous Waste Management......................................................................................................................1-4
Air Quality .........................................................................................................................................................1-7
Spills ...................................................................................................................................................................1-7
Underground Storage Tanks ...........................................................................................................................1-7
Solid Waste Management ................................................................................................................................1-7
Biomedical Waste Management .....................................................................................................................1-8
Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) .......................................................1-8

Chapter 2. Self Audit Form

Hazardous Waste .............................................................................................................................................2-1
Universal Waste ................................................................................................................................................2-2
Medical Waste ...................................................................................................................................................2-2
Clean Water/Water Conservation .................................................................................................................2-3
Clean Air Act .....................................................................................................................................................2-5
Federal Insecticides, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act ..................................................................................2-5
Purchasing .........................................................................................................................................................2-6
Energy Conservation ........................................................................................................................................2-6
General ...............................................................................................................................................................2-7
Mercury ..............................................................................................................................................................2-7

Chapter 3. Department-specific pages

Administration ..................................................................................................................................................3-1
Anesthesia..........................................................................................................................................................3-3
Autopsy Services ..............................................................................................................................................3-5
Biomedical Engineering Services ...................................................................................................................3-7
Central Sterilization Reprocessing and Distribution ...................................................................................3-9
Clinical Research.............................................................................................................................................3-11
Construction and Renovation .......................................................................................................................3-13
Critical Care Services .....................................................................................................................................3-15
Emergency Care Services ..............................................................................................................................3-17
Emergency Dental Services ...........................................................................................................................3-19
Endoscopy Services ........................................................................................................................................3-21
Food Services...................................................................................................................................................3-23
Groundskeeping .............................................................................................................................................3-25
Housekeeping .................................................................................................................................................3-27
Incineration Services ......................................................................................................................................3-29
Inpatient Care Services ..................................................................................................................................3-31
Kidney Dialysis Services ................................................................................................................................3-33
Laboratory Testing, Pathology and Histology Services ............................................................................3-35
Laundry Services ............................................................................................................................................3-37
Maintenance ....................................................................................................................................................3-39
Morgue .............................................................................................................................................................3-41
Nuclear Medicine ...........................................................................................................................................3-43
Oncology Services ..........................................................................................................................................3-45
Outpatient Services ........................................................................................................................................3-47
Pharmacy Services ..........................................................................................................................................3-49
Physical Therapy Services .............................................................................................................................3-51
Radiology .........................................................................................................................................................3-53
Respiratory Care .............................................................................................................................................3-55
Surgery Services..............................................................................................................................................3-57
Appendix 1. Guidance Documents

Appendix 2. Vendor Lists

Appendix 3. Resource Web sites

Appendix 4. List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals/Air Pollutants

Appendix 5. Biomedical Regulations

Appendix 6. Biography

Appendix 7. Glossary
 Introductionnn

This guide is a product of the Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) Best
Management Practices (BMPs) for Hospitals Project and financially supported by the Spokane
Aquifer Joint Board and Ecology. The project is part of Ecology’s Mercury Action Plan to
eliminate mercury use in the state of Washington.

Goals of Ecology’s Mercury Action Plan include:

Mercury-free hospitals,
Protecting groundwater and drinking water sources,
Encouraging implementation of pollution prevention alternatives,
Reducing the use of toxic substances and generation of dangerous wastes,
Improving dangerous (hazardous) waste management practices, and
Increasing regulatory compliance through technical assistance.

This guide suggests ideas and steps you can take to manage wastes generated in your hospital
properly. Hospitals can generate large amounts of dangerous (hazardous) wastes. If not
managed properly, dangerous waste can pose threats to your safety, and public safety, and can
damage the environment. Proper management of chemicals and wastes can help prevent
serious consequences of catastrophic events or accidents. Your hospital is most likely already
doing some, but not all, of the best management practices suggested in this guide.

Inside this guide you will find:

• An introduction to environmental waste management concerns in hospitals
• A hospital Self-Audit Form to copy and use in each department
• A page of best management practices and information about toxic substance substitution
and waste minimization, for each specific department
• Other guidance documents, pertinent to hospital waste management
• A list of pollution prevention vendors
• A list of resources
• A list of dangerous wastes often found in hospitals
• Biomedical regulations
• A bibliography of publications and resources used to write this publication
• A glossary of terms and acronyms used in this guide.

The information in this guide is not complete and does not address all of the hazards
associated with handling chemicals and dangerous waste. For more information about the
hazards of chemicals, contact a chemical manufacturer or supplier, the American Chemical
Society, a qualified consultant, or an appropriate government agency. Do not consider
information provided about vendors or product suppliers as an endorsement by Ecology.
Contact Ecology’s Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program for technical assistance at
your nearest regional office.

If you have any questions regarding this publication, please contact: Camille Martin (509) 329-
3551, or Terri Miller (509) 329-3476.
 Chapter 1
Environmental Management
„ Dangerous Waste................................................................. 1

„ Getting Started ..................................................................... 1

„ Dangerous Waste Management ........................................... 4

„ Air Quality ............................................................................. 7

„ Spills ..................................................................................... 7

„ Underground Storage Tanks ................................................ 7

„ Solid Waste Management .................................................... 7

„ Biomedical Waste Management ........................................... 8

„ Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act

(EPCRA)............................................................................... 8
 Environmental Managementtt
This section discusses Ecology’s environmental management concerns in hospitals. The focus
of this section is to address proper management of dangerous waste in hospitals, but some of
the concerns affecting water quality are included in this section as well. There are also brief
summaries of other environmental concerns such as solid waste, air quality, spills, and
underground storage tanks.

Dangerous Waste (also known as “Hazardous Waste”)

The Dangerous Waste Regulations, Chapter 173-303 WAC, address designating wastes,
generator status, counting your wastes, satellite accumulation requirements, and treating
wastes. We encourage your hospital to keep a copy of the Dangerous Waste Regulations at
your facility. You can order a copy by calling (360) 407-6752 or download a copy from
http://www.ecy.wa.gov/pubs/9291.pdf

For your convenience, the following Ecology publications have been included in Appendix A:
ƒ Designating Dangerous Waste (Publication # 96-436)
ƒ Counting Dangerous Waste Under the Dangerous Waste Regulations (#98-414)
ƒ Satellite Accumulation (#94-120)
ƒ Treatment by Generator (#96-412)
ƒ Universal Waste Rule for Dangerous Waste Lamps (#00-04-020)
ƒ Universal Waste Rule for Batteries and Mercury-Containing Thermostats (98-407)
ƒ Focus on Pharmaceutical Waste (#03-04-035)
ƒ Pesticide Container Cleaning and Disposal (#01-04-024)
ƒ Domestic Sewage Exclusion (#94-136)
ƒ Wastewater Discharge Permits in Washington State.(#WQ-R-019)
ƒ Guide for Dangerous Waste Generators in Washington State (#98-1252-HWTR)

Getting Started
To determine if a waste is dangerous waste, you need to know its physical and chemical
nature. It is necessary to know all chemical components that make up the specific waste.
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) may tell you something about the properties and
constituents of your waste. Without this type of information, you may have to test each waste
to determine if it is dangerous waste.

The following pages describe a three-step process for waste designation. You will need a copy
of the Dangerous Waste Regulations and Designating Dangerous Waste guidance (located in
Appendix A).

Step 1 – Designate your waste

Take a waste inventory of your hospital, in all departments that generate waste. For each
waste, follow the flow chart in the Designating Dangerous Waste Fact Sheet. This flow chart
leads you through a series of questions that will help you decide if your waste is dangerous.

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Each dangerous waste has a four-digit waste number assigned to it. If your waste meets the
definition of a particular type of dangerous waste, write the four-digit waste number in the
“waste number(s)” column of the Waste Inventory Table section of Designating Dangerous
Waste. A single container of dangerous waste may have several different codes.

Using the flow chart, write down all of the waste numbers that apply to each waste on the
Generator Status section of the worksheet. Stop when you reach a box on the flow chart that
reads, “No further designation is required.”

Step 2 - Counting your Dangerous Waste

Dangerous waste generators must count their waste facility-wide each calendar month. Write
the dangerous waste quantities in the Waste Inventory section of the Generator Status
Worksheet to determine generator status (small, medium, or large quantity generator).

The following six sections provide details on how to count wastes in various situations:
1. Stored and/or Accumulated Dangerous Waste
Dangerous waste counted under the accumulation regulations:
Dangerous waste is counted at the point of generation prior to storage or accumulation
in the generator’s 90- or 180-day accumulation area. Likewise, dangerous waste
accumulated under the satellite accumulation (SA) provisions (WAC 173-303-200) is
also counted toward the generator’s status on a monthly basis.

Dangerous waste not counted under the accumulation regulations:

It is not necessary to count the dangerous waste again when it is moved from satellite
accumulation to the generator’s 90- or 180-day accumulation area.

2. Recycled or Excluded Dangerous Wastes

As a general “rule,” dangerous waste that is stored, treated, recycled or manifested for
disposal is counted. However, there are exceptions to this “rule.” This involves wastes
being recycled or managed to fulfill the requirements of a conditional exclusion. Recycled
solvent wastes need to be counted in a particular way. If you are recycling or reusing your
wastes, refer to Sections -016, -017 and -120 of the Dangerous Waste Regulations and the fact
sheet Counting Dangerous Waste under the Dangerous Waste Regulations, publication # 98-
414 (in Appendix A). For excluded wastes, refer to Sections -071 and -073 of the Dangerous
Waste Regulations. There is a conditional exclusion for state-only dangerous waste
disposal of controlled substances, legend drugs, and over-the-counter drugs for hospitals
and pharmacies. See the publication Focus on Pharmaceutical Waste in Appendix A for an
explanation of the pharmaceutical waste conditional exclusion.

3. Closed - loop Recycling without Prior Accumulation or Storage

Under this counting exclusion there can be no storage or accumulation prior to the
closed-loop recycling activity. “Without prior storage or accumulation” means that as
soon as the waste is generated, it immediately enters the recycling unit through a piped
system. Dangerous waste residues and still bottoms generated from the recycling
activity are counted. If you are “closed-loop recycling” your wastes, refer to Sections -
017 and -120 of the Dangerous Waste Regulations and the fact sheet Counting
Dangerous Waste under the Dangerous Waste Regulations, publication # 98-414 in
Appendix A.
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4. Domestic Sewage Exclusion (Water Quality)

The Domestic Sewage Exclusion (DSE) allows dangerous waste to be discharged to a

publicly owned wastewater treatment works (POTW) only when such wastes are
treatable at the POTW, and the discharger has a permit which authorizes the discharge
of the specific waste described in the permit. For more information, please refer to
section -071 of the Dangerous Waste Regulations and Domestic Sewage Exclusion
(publication number 94-136) and Wastewater Discharge Permits in Washington State
(Ecology Report WQ-R-019 Revised 10/03), in Appendix A.

Dangerous waste counted under the DSE:

Dangerous waste managed prior to being directly discharged to the sanitary sewer
system is counted. This means dangerous waste stored, treated, or recycled prior to the
point of direct discharge is counted.

Dangerous waste not counted under DSE:

As a policy, Ecology will not require dangerous wastes mixed with domestic sewage to
be counted when the waste is being directly discharged into the POTW system in
compliance with the domestic sewage exclusion (WAC 173-303-071(3)(a)).

5. Permit-by-Rule (Water Quality)

The Permit-by-Rule (PBR) provisions allow on-site treatment of dangerous waste

without a written Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (“RCRA”) Treatment,
Storage, and Disposal ("TSD") treatment permit under certain conditions, such as waste
treated in a wastewater treatment unit, elementary neutralization unit, or totally
enclosed treatment unit. Please refer to sections -040 and –802(5) of the Dangerous
Waste Regulations for additional permit-by-rule requirements.

Dangerous waste counted under PBR:

Dangerous wastes removed from the PBR unit are counted and no longer covered by
the PBR provisions. Examples of wastes that are counted include, but are not limited to,
sludges, still bottoms, and other residuals.

Dangerous waste not counted under PBR:

Wastes managed immediately upon generation in an on-site PBR unit are not counted.
“Immediately” means that there is no temporary storage, accumulation, or other type of
waste management between the point of generation and the PBR unit. The system is
piped. Dangerous wastes discharged to a Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTW) in
compliance with the PBR provisions are not counted.

6. Treatment by Generator

For information on Treatment by Generator (TBG) requirements, refer to Dangerous

Waste Regulations, sections -170(3) and -200. TBG provisions allow generators to treat
their own dangerous waste on-site without obtaining a RCRA “TSD” treatment permit.
For additional guidance, refer to Treatment by Generator (publication #96-412), in
Appendix A.

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Dangerous waste counted under TBG:
Dangerous waste intended for treatment under the TBG allowance is counted toward the
generator’s status before it is treated. A TBG activity is considered a separate activity from the
production or cleaning process originally generating the dangerous waste. Therefore,
dangerous waste derived from (generated at) a TBG activity is also counted toward the
generator’s status.

Step 3- Determine your Generator Status

Use the Generator Status Worksheet and follow the instructions. Add up all of the pounds of
dangerous wastes generated for the month, from all departments throughout your hospital.
You can now determine if you are a small, medium, or large quantity generator, and what you
must do to correctly handle your waste. You may be:
• A small quantity generator (SQG) and responsible only for following the handling
requirements described in WAC 173-303-070(8) in addition to any county or city hazardous
waste management requirements; or
• A medium quantity generator (MQG) and required to follow the standards listed by WAC
173-303-201 and -202; or
• A large quantity generator (LQG) subject to full regulation under the requirements of
WAC 173-303-170 and -200.

Dangerous Waste Management

In the state of Washington, hospital staff have the responsibility to manage waste properly.
Municipal solid waste, biomedical, and dangerous waste needs to be managed separately
following the distinct management and disposal requirements for each waste type. Dangerous
waste generation amounts need to be counted throughout your hospital, each month. The
Dangerous Waste Regulations describe the characteristics or properties that cause a waste to
be considered dangerous, and what amounts of waste cause you to be regulated as a
dangerous waste generator.

Designating Dangerous Waste, in Appendix A, leads you through the steps you must take to
determine whether you generate a dangerous waste subject to special handling requirements.
The designation process works well for most dangerous wastes. Generators should be aware,
however, that exclusions exist for certain dangerous wastes. Refer to the dangerous waste
exclusions (section -071) of the Dangerous Waste Regulations.

Satellite Accumulation
A “satellite” is defined as a location at or near the point of hazardous waste generation, where
waste is initially accumulated in containers before consolidating it at a designated
accumulation area (i.e., centralized dangerous waste storage/accumulation area). Satellite
accumulation provisions are:
1. 55 gallons of each dangerous waste or 1 quart of each acutely hazardous waste can be
accumulated;
2. The satellite area must be secured and under the control of the process operator;
3. Satellite accumulation is allowed without a permit if the generator complies with these
WAC 173-303 sections:
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 • Container labeling/marking requirements -200 (1)(d)
• Condition of containers -630 (2)
• Compatibility of waste with containers -630 (4)
• Containers be closed -630 (5)(a)
• Container handling to prevent leaks -630 (5)(b)
• Special requirements for ignitable or reactive wastes -630 (8)(a), and
• Special requirements for incompatible wastes -630 (9)(a) & (b).

When 55 gallons of dangerous waste or 1 quart of acutely hazardous waste is accumulated in a

satellite accumulation area, the container(s) must be marked immediately with accumulation
date. The waste must be moved within three days to the designated central storage/
accumulation area. If you are a large quantity generator, the time limit for storage is 90 days.
If you are a medium quantity generator the time limit is 180 days. If you are a small quantity
generator there is no limit as long as you do not collect more than 2,200 pounds.

Treatment by Generator
You can treat some dangerous waste generated in your hospital without a permit. Described
below are the “treatment by generator” (TBG) methods that are allowed without a permit.
Before treating a waste you must know if any of the following restrictions apply:
• land disposal restriction standards,
• wastewater disposal limits and restrictions, when “permit by rule” standards apply, or
• when a RCRA “TSD” treatment permit is necessary.

Permission might be necessary when you are doing treatment that does not fit within the
categories below. Contact your local Ecology Regional Office (addresses and phone numbers
listed in back of this guide), and ask for a hazardous waste inspector if you have any questions
about treatment methods, information on treatment permits, or are seeking authorization to
conduct treatment without a permit. Ask for someone from the Water Quality Program if you
have questions regarding disposing wastes down the drain or wastewater discharge permits.
We strongly encourage you to find an alternative to disposing wastes down the drain.

When doing TBG, you must keep a treatment log. Record the date of treatment, hazardous
waste constituents, treatment method(s), and pounds of waste treated. This is very important
because the amount of waste generated before treatment must be reported to Washington
State Department of Ecology in your annual hazardous waste report.

Remember, you may need to do multiple treatment methods to remove all hazardous waste
constituents. Record all methods used on the treatment log.

Treatment by Generator Methods

In this section, six treatment methods are summarized. Obtain guidance for each of these
methods by calling Ecology’s Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction publications office at
(360) 407-6752.

1. Solidification or Stabilization
Solidification or stabilization reduces the mobility of dangerous waste and/or the toxicity of
pollutants. Solidification reduces or eliminates the free liquids in the waste. Stabilization

1-5
limits the hazard potential of a dangerous waste by converting the constituents into a less
soluble form. The solidified waste must pass the Paint Filter Liquids Test (PFLT). The waste
must be solidified by using non-biodegradable solidification materials. The solidified waste
must be resistant to change due to temperature, wet/dry cycling, radiation exposure, chemical
exposure, and compressive forces.

Elementary Neutralization
Elementary neutralization reduces the corrosivity (acidic or caustic properties) of a waste. The
material’s pH is raised or lowered to a neutral pH range between six and nine. Neutralization
should be done by trained staff. Manage and dispose elementary neutralization treatment
residuals according to state and local regulations. If there are any other dangerous waste
constituents in the waste, the waste must be disposed and coded according to proper disposal
requirements. Obey local wastewater discharge limits and restrictions.

Carbon Adsorption
Carbon adsorption uses molecular attraction to bind soluble and gaseous chemicals to carbon.
The carbon removes the chemical contaminants until it reaches its adsorptive capacity. Use
carbon to remove metals, organic solvents, inorganic, and organic contaminants from wastes.
See the specific TBG guidance on Carbon Adsorption (publication # 96-415) for examples of
how well various chemicals adsorb. Manage effluent, backwash, and spent carbon according
to all regulations. There should be no releases to the environment. Decontaminate all
equipment as needed.

Separation
Accomplish separation by using air flotation, centrifugation, coagulation or flocculation,
decanting, emulsion breaking or demulsification, ion exchange, oil skimming or phase
separation, precipitation, sedimentation, or clarification. See the specific TBG guidance on
Separation (Ecology publication # 96-418) for description and definitions of separation
techniques. Assure that ignitable or reactive waste treatment complies with WAC 173-303-
640(9)(a). The treatment process should not alter chemical structure except to form a
precipitate. No process may emit air pollutants.

Filtration
Filtering dewaters waste effluents, slurries, and sludges, and removes undissolved heavy
metals present in suspended solids. Filtration uses pressure to move water through the filter
media, leaving solids behind. Done correctly, filtering should not pose a threat to the
environment. Appropriately manage filtered liquid and filter/filter cake. Decontaminate all
equipment as needed.

Evaporation
Evaporation removes water from wastes to reduce weight and volume before disposal.
Evaporators are appropriate for concentrating certain inorganic wastes (no organic
evaporation). The process must not pose a threat to the environment or to public health. Do
not allow air pollutants to be emitted during evaporation. Do not “overcook” evaporator
waste. Appropriately dispose of sludge or filter wastes. In most instances, sludges and filters
designate as dangerous waste. Keep the evaporator inside secondary containment around to
catch spills.

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Air Quality
Whenever a new hospital is built, an existing hospital replaces or adds a boiler, ethylene oxide
sterilizer (EtO), or an emergency generator, the hospital may need a Notice of Construction
permit to allow limited releases of air pollution to the environment. Permits are issued by
either Ecology or the local air quality agency (http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/air/local.html).
Not all cities, counties, or regions in Washington State have local air quality agencies. Ecology
is the air quality agency for those areas.

When planning for construction at an existing hospital or building a new facility, be sure to
contact Ecology well before construction begins to determine if an air quality permit is
necessary. Permitting staff can explain what circumstances require a permit and provide
technical assistance to make sure the permitting process goes smoothly and quickly.

Existing equipment (boilers, EtO’s or, emergency generators), may require registration with
the local or state (Ecology) air quality agency. Check with the appropriate air quality agency
to make sure that your hospital has all the required permits or registration.

Spills
If you have a spill of oil or a hazardous substance to the environment, you must contact both
the National Response Center (1-800-424-8802) and Ecology (1-800-OILS-911 or 1-800-258-5990).
Be prepared to answer questions about the nature of the spill, the identity and quantity
of material spilled, the potential or actual environmental impact, and plans for clean-up.

For more information, go to Ecology’s Spill Prevention, Preparedness, and Response Web site
at http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/spills/spills.html or the federal Environmental Protection
Agency’s (EPA) oil spills Web site at http://www.epa.gov/ebtpages/emeroilspills.html.

Underground Storage Tanks

Underground storage tanks used to store fuel for fleet vehicles, boilers, or emergency
generators, are a potential source of release of hazardous substances to the environment. Such
releases are relatively rare since most older tanks have been removed or replaced with more
modern systems. To minimize the chance for future leaks or releases, underground storage
tank systems should use double-walled tanks and cathodic protection to minimize
corrosion. Connecting pipes should be periodically checked for leaks. Ecology requires a
registration tag for each underground storage tank. The $100.00 per tank fee should be
included in the hospital’s master business license issued through Washington State
Department of Licensing.

For more information, go to http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/tcp/ust-lust/tanks.html or

http://www.epa.gov/swerust1/fsprevnt.htm.

Solid Waste Management

In the state of Washington, solid waste management is delegated to local (municipal and
county) agencies. Permitting and other regulatory functions usually are performed by local
health departments. County public works department typically develops solid waste

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reduction programs. These departments have solid waste specialists to help with reduction
and recycling of non-hazardous solid waste within your facility.

This guide includes solid waste reuse and recycling information in the self audit, department
pages, and in the appendices under vendor and resource lists.

Biomedical Waste Management

Ten counties (listed below) in Washington State passed local ordinances with provisions for
management of medical waste within their jurisdictions. Please note that in addition to these
listings, other local health departments may have adopted locally initiated biomedical waste
management requirements since this list was last updated. It’s always a good idea to call your
local health department if you’re unsure if any special local provisions apply to your facility.
• Bremerton-Kitsap County Health Department, (360) 337-5672
• Island County Health Department, (360) 679-7351
• Lewis County Health District, (360) 740-1417
• Town of Friday Harbor, San Juan County (360) 378-2390
• Seattle-King County Health Department, (206) 296-4807
• Skagit County Health District, (360) 336-9380
• Snohomish County Health Department, (425) 339-5250
• Spokane County Health Department, (509) 324-1571
• Tacoma-Pierce County Health Department, (253) 798-6528
• Whatcom County Health Department, (360) 676-6724

The Washington State Biomedical Regulations are included in Appendix E.

Emergency Planning & Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA)

In 1987, Washington State adopted the federal SARA Title III regulations, also known as the
Emergency Planning & Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA), in Chapter 118.40 WAC. A
State Emergency Response Commission (SERC) was established to oversee implementation of
requirements under this regulation, including the formation of local emergency planning
committees and the development of a statewide master plan for hazardous materials incident
response. Ecology receives EPCRA reports and manages the data on behalf of the Washington
SERC.

Ecology staff also provides technical and regulatory assistance to businesses, local emergency
planning committees, and the public. Under this regulation, both small and large businesses
are required to plan for possible emergencies and report chemical storage and release
information to Ecology, on behalf of the SERC, to the Local Emergency Planning Committee
(LEPC), and to the local fire department, and sometimes tribal nations. Facilities that store at
least 10,000 pounds of a hazardous substance such as diesel or oxygen are required to report.
Extremely hazardous substances such as chlorine or ammonia are reportable at much lower
thresholds; 100 and 500 pounds respectively. Get more information on reporting requirements
at www.ecy.wa.gov/epcra.

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 Chapter 2
Self Audit Form
 Hospital Self-Audit Form
Hazardous Waste Yes No
Number of beds? __________ Average number of beds occupied per day? __________
Number of staff) __________ Average number of staff in 24 hour period? __________

Does your hospital have a RCRA Site ID number? _____________________________________

Do departments generating dangerous wastes have satellite accumulation areas?

Are the collection/satellite areas properly and clearly identified and labeled?

Does your hospital have a centralized collection area for dangerous waste?

Are hazardous waste containers kept closed except when adding disposed waste?

Are all waste containers properly labeled with the type of dangerous waste and
accumulation start date?

Are all hazardous waste containers maintained in good condition?

Does your dangerous waste storage area have a secondary containment system?

If so, will the floor in your storage area completely contain any spills?

Does the dangerous waste storage area have a floor drain?

Where does it go? _________________________________________________
Do you have any concerns about the proper storage and/or handling of your hospital’s
hazardous waste? If so, explain:

Do staff who handle waste receive hazardous waste management training?

Does your department keep a log of the amounts of dangerous waste generated per
month?

Does your hospital account for all dangerous waste generated hospital-wide?

Does your hospital use a hazardous waste firm to service, properly transport, and
dispose of your dangerous waste?
Does your hospital keep records of hazardous waste shipping manifests (TSD-signed
copy) and other dangerous waste reports/analyses for at least five years?

Does your hospital have a spill plan?

Do you have emergency response information posted near a telephone?

Do you have a contingency plan with a copy filed at your local fire department?

Has your facility worked to reduce, eliminate, and recycle toxic chemicals, equipment
and materials or use pharmaceutical return programs whenever possible?

2-1
What is your hospital’s hazardous waste generator status?
□ Generates no hazardous waste
□ Generates less than 220 lbs/month and accumulates less than 2200 lbs (Small Quantity Generator)
□ Generates more than 220 lbs/month but less than 2200 lbs/month (Medium Quantity Generator)
□ Generates more than 2200 lbs/month or generates 2.2 lbs or more of an acutely hazardous waste
(Large Quantity Generator)

Do you generate the following hazardous substances or dangerous wastes? (Check all that apply.)
□ Glutaraldehyde □ Alcohols
□ Formaldehyde/Formalin □ Ethers
□ Xylene □ Solvents
□ Stains □ Heavy Metals
□ Dyes □ Germicides/Sterilants
□ Pharmaceuticals □ Disinfectants
□ Mercury-containing devices or pumps □ Caustics
□ Amalgam □ Acids
□ Silver/Fixer □ Other
□ Developer (Hydroquinone) □ Electrical/Computer equipment (heavy
metals)
□ Construction/Maintenance dangerous waste
Does your hospital use or purchase mercury-containing equipment or supplies? (Check all that apply.)
□ Blood pressure units □ Lab chemicals
□ Mercury thermometers □ labs □ patients □ Pharmaceuticals (federally listed or Toxicity
□ Outpatients/newborns Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP)
wastes
□ Dilators □ Cantor tubes
Does your hospital/department generate universal waste? (Check all that apply.)
□ Fluorescent lamps □ Other mercury-containing equipment
□ Thermostats (Mercury) □ Batteries
Does your hospital generate PCB-containing wastes? (Check all that apply.)
□ Ballasts □ Other PCB wastes
□ Transformers

2-2
Universal Waste Yes No
Does your hospital handle universal wastes (batteries, lamps, mercury thermostats, etc.)
separately from your other hazardous waste?
If yes, does your hospital label these wastes and specify type (e.g., “Batteries,”
“Lamps,” etc.?
Does your hospital properly store universal waste in appropriate containers that prevent
releases to the environment?
Does your hospital document the length of time that each universal waste has been
accumulating (maximum of one year)?
Medical Waste Yes No
Does your facility ensure that medical wastes are labeled and managed properly,
segregated from dangerous wastes and solid wastes?
Are sharps segregated from other wastes and kept in a puncture-resistant biomedical
waste containers?

Are all biomedical waste containers labeled “biomedical waste?”

Do you donate or compost any of the following? (Check all that apply.)
□ Food scraps or plate wastes □ Office equipment
□ Medical devices/equipment □ Edible food
□ Landscape waste □ Linen
□ Mattresses □ Other ________________________________
Do you recycle any of the following materials (Check all that apply.)
□ Paper, white □ Aluminum cans □ Shrink wrap
□ Paper, colored □ Steel cans □ Fluorescent lamps
□ Cardboard □ Sharps □ Tyvek
□ Newspaper □ Toner cartridges □ Solvents/fixers
□ Pallets □ Inkjet cartridges □ Motor oil
□ Wood □ Printer ribbons □ Scrap metal
□ Cooking oil □ Lead aprons □ Pharmaceuticals
□ Boxboard □ Computers □ Ice packs/coolers
□ Glass □ Silver recovery □ Construction waste
□ Mercury □ X-ray films □ Foam peanuts
□ Batteries □ Alkaline □ Nickel cadmium □ Lead acid □ Other: ___________________
□ Plastics □ #1 PET □ #2 HDPE □ #3 PVC □ #4 LPDE □ #5 PP □ #6 PS □ Other

2-3
Does your hospital reuse any of the following? (Check all that apply.)
Dietary Patient Care Surgery Equipment

□ Patient dishware □ Bath Basins □ Instrument pans □ Ventilator tubing

□ Employee dishware □ Bed pans □ Splash basins □ Ambu bags
□ Glassware □ Urinals □ Medicine cups □ Pulse oximeters
□ Baking pans □ Pillows □ Gowns towels □ Suture removal kits
□ Metal trays □ Other: __________ □ Drapes □ Vaginal speculums
□ Other: ___________ □ Other: __________ □ Other: __________
How does your hospital dispose of its red bag waste? (Check all that apply.)

□ Incinerate off-site □ Incinerate on-site □ Autoclave □ Other: ___________

Clean Water Act / Water Conservation
Does your wastewater discharge to: □ sewer □ septic system □
surface water
If so, what is your discharge per day (in gallons)? ________ How many discharge points? ________
Have you sampled your wastewater discharge? □ Yes □ No Last date sampled:________

Do you have a discharge permit or authorization to discharge a pollutant? □ Yes □ No

Permit number: ________________________________________________
Do you have a diagram of your sewer discharge? □ Yes □ No
If yes, please contact the Water Quality Program at your nearest Ecology Regional Office.
Does your facility discharge dangerous waste down the drain? □ Yes □ No
If so, list dangerous waste(s):

How much dangerous waste do you discharge? _______________________________

Has your hospital assessed its water usage? □ Yes□ No (Visit http://www.h2e-online.org/tools/water.htm)

Has your hospital implemented a water conservation program? □ Yes □ No

Does your facility have a meter to monitor total water usage? □ Yes □ No
Does your hospital use any of the following water-efficient equipment or practices? (Check all that apply.)
□ Low-flow showerheads □ Landscaping/irrigating □ Regular inspection and
□ Automatic faucet shutoff □ Kitchen faucet/equipment repair of leaks

□ Low-flow faucets □ Low water X-ray process □ Flow control mechanisms

□ Low-flow toilets □ Re-circulate cooling water □ Other
What facilities are at this site?
□ Dental: □ traps/amalgam separators □ filters □ equipment maintenance schedule
□ X-ray/photography: □ digital □ silver recovery □ recycle film
□ Labs: □ pathology □ histology □ testing
2-4
□ Pharmacy: How are pharmaceuticals disposed?

Any compounding (what)?

□ Laundry: □ water recycled □ phosphorus free detergents (type) _________________________
□ Kitchen: □ grinder □ grease trap □ grease inceptor
□ Physical plant: □ boilers, how many? _____ □ other items?
□ Vehicle or equipment maintenance: □ washing where? _________________________________
□ solvents □ waste oil □ oil/water separator
□ Decontamination area: Location: ________________________ How is water collected?

□ Sterilization/Disinfection: □ discharge chemicals to sewer? If yes, what chemicals?

□ Grounds-keeping: □ irrigation system □ audit water of irrigation system

Have you tested for the following?
□ Fats, Oils and Greases (FOG) □ Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)
□ Silver □ Total Suspended Solids (TSS)
□ Mercury □ 126 Priority Pollutants
□ pH □ Total Toxic Organics (TTO)
Clean Air Act (CAA) Yes No
Incineration of solid waste and/or infectious waste on-site

Does your hospital incinerate solid or medical waste on-site?

If so, does your hospital have a Title 5 operating permit or state air permit?

If so, has the incinerator been tested and EPA, the state, or local air authority been
notified?
Back up power generation
Does your facility have emergency power generation back-up?
If yes, type:_____________________________________________________
If yes to above, do you sell power back?

2-5
Refrigeration and air conditioning

Does your hospital use certified technicians to service refrigeration units?

Are maintenance, repair and leak-rate records maintained for at least five years?

Do the technicians recover and recycle the CFCs from the units?

Does your facility use ammonia for the refrigeration or air conditioning system?

Underground storage tanks (UST) / Aboveground storage tanks (AST)

Does you hospital store motor fuels, waste oils, heating oils, and/or hazardous
substances in USTs or ASTs?

If yes, are your tanks registered with the state?

Is there a leak detection system in use for UST system’s tank and piping?

Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know, SARA Title III “EPCRA”
Does each department keep Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for all hazardous
substances?
Does your hospital have on-site a listed Extremely Hazardous Substance (EHS) in any
amount over the threshold reporting quantity? For more information go to www.epa.gov/tri
If yes, has your hospital submitted a notification letter identifying the EHS and facility
emergency coordinator to the Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC)/State
Emergency Response Committee (SERC)?
Do you report hazardous substance use under Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) reporting?

Has your facility worked to reduce, eliminate, and recycle toxic chemicals, equipment
and materials or use pharmaceutical return programs whenever possible?

Federal Insecticides, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) Yes No

Does your hospital mix or blend your own pesticides? (Pesticides include disinfectants,
sterilants, germicides, algaecides, virucides, swimming pool compounds, insecticides, fungicides, etc.)

If yes, is your hospital registered with EPA?

If your hospital uses your own janitorial employees to apply disinfectants and other
pesticides, do you offer/provide training as to the proper use of pesticides?

Are your hospital pesticide applicators licensed or certified by the state?

Are any “restricted use” pesticides used at your hospital? (See product label.)

If yes, is a certified applicator applying or directly supervising the application of the

restricted use pesticide?

2-6
 1
Purchasing Yes No
Does your office use a centralized purchasing system so that there is not duplicate
purchasing by individual departments?
Has your hospital called upon vendors and your Group Purchasing Organization (GPO)
to identify and develop alternatives to harmful and/or wasteful products and materials?

Has your hospital worked with suppliers to minimize wasteful packaging?

Does your hospital receive supplies in reusable shipping containers?

Does your hospital use office paper with at least 30% recycled content?

Has your hospital evaluated alternatives to polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and di(2-
ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) – containing products?

Does your hospital purchase non-toxic/less toxic alternatives for janitorial chemicals?

Does your hospital use ethylene oxide?

If yes, have you evaluated alternatives?

Does your hospital have a central system in place for tracking and quantifying the
amount of chemicals purchased, dispensed, and disposed of?

Does your hospital track the quantity or amount of green products and services used?
Has your hospital instituted purchasing policies in any of the following areas? (Check all that apply.)
□ Green products □ Low volatile organic compound (VOC) products
□ Energy Star products □ Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) products
□ Less toxic materials □ Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) products
□ Latex □ Recycled content in products
□ Mercury □ Other (specify) _________________________
2
Energy Conservation Yes No
Have you created a baseline of energy performance for your hospital using EPA’s
benchmarking tool? (http://208.254.22.6/index.cfm?c=eligibility.bus_portfoliomanager_eligibility_hospitals)

Has your hospital done an energy management review within the last three years?

Has your facility implemented a water conservation program?

Does your facility use LEED™ or Green Building standards?

1
Read about green purchasing at http://www.noharm.org/greenpurchasing/issue and http://www.ofee.gov/gp/gp.htm
2
To view EnergyStar information for healthcare, visit http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=healthcare.bus_healthcare
2-7
Has your hospital implemented any of the following within the last three years? (Check all that apply.)

□ Heating/ventilation upgrades □ Lighting occupancy sensors

□ Energy efficient lighting upgrades □ Programmable thermostats
□ Air side cooling economizer cycle □ Control ventilation rates to minimum requirements
Does your hospital purchase EnergyStar equipment? (Check all that apply.)

□ Computers □ Scanners □ Exit signs

□ Monitors □ Fax machines □ TVs
□ Water coolers □ Printers □ Copiers
□ Multifunction devices □ Roofing products
□ Commercial refrigerator/freezers □ Other (specify)____________________________
General Yes No

Does your hospital have an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Program?

What environmental topics would you like more training in? (Check all that apply.)

□ General compliance □ Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know

Act (EPCRA) management system
□ Mercury management
□ Federal EPA’s Spill Prevention, Control, and
□ Green purchasing Countermeasures (SPCC) regulations
□ Universal waste □ Water conservation
□ Clean Air Act □ EPA Audit Program
□ Red bag waste reduction □ Green building
□ Resource management □ Solid waste recycling
□ Energy management/conservation □ RCRA Hazardous waste conservation
□ Environment □ Other: ____________________________
What are your top three training needs?
1. 2. 3.

Yes No
Has your hospital taken any action not covered above to improve environmental
performance? (Specify)

2-8
Mercury Yes No

Has your facility assessed and inventoried your facility for mercury devices/sources?

Have you replaced mercury thermometers with non-mercury alternatives?

Have you discontinued dispensing mercury thermometers to patients?

Are you using mercury-free blood pressure units?

Are you using mercury-free esophageal tubes and dilators?

Do you have a mercury spill response plan and have kits on hand?

Have you identified mercury-containing chemicals used in the lab?

Have you activated a plan to replace mercury-containing lab chemicals?

Notes:

2-9
 Chapter 3
Department-specific Pages
Environmental Concerns and Pollution Prevention Opportunities

These department-specific pages are designed to be distributed and used

by the various departments within your hospital. Each department has a
double-sided page addressing related environmental management
concerns and will provide:
„ A list of best management practices (BMP) and possible less toxic
options;
„ A list of hazardous substances and hazardous wastes often found in
the specific department, and the source of the
hazardous substance or waste; Be sure to
determine the
„ Available safe alternatives available, if any; and
proper disposal
„ Additional methods for managing hazardous method for all
substances and reducing waste generation. wastes.

Many of the pages briefly discuss what can or cannot be disposed in

wastewater discharges. Many dangerous wastes cannot be treated
appropriately at Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTW) nor can they
be discharged into septic systems. Dangerous wastes should not be
disposed down the drain unless your hospital has a Washington State
Waste Discharge Permit, discharge authorization to a POTW or a
National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit that
allows certain surface water discharges after pretreatment.

Also, be sure to check with the local air authority or the Washington State
Department of Ecology’s Air Quality Program for managing the hospital’s
air emissions and air contaminant source registration requirements.
Boilers, water treatment systems, Ethylene Oxide Sterilizers (EtO), back-
up generator systems and fuel tanks may require regulatory oversight.
Do not evaporate volatile organic compounds, oil, or petroleum-based
paint wastes. Water can be evaporated off inorganic wastes (primarily
metals) as long as no air pollutants are emitted. The dried metal waste
would most likely be dangerous waste.
„ Administration ....................................................................... 1
„ Anesthesia ............................................................................ 3
„ Autopsy Services .................................................................. 5
„ Biomedical Engineering Services ......................................... 7
„ Central Sterilization Reprocessing and Distribution.............. 9
„ Clinical Research ................................................................ 11
„ Construction and Renovation.............................................. 13
„ Critical Care Services ......................................................... 15
„ Emergency Care Services .................................................. 17
„ Emergency Dental Services................................................ 19
„ Endoscopy Services ........................................................... 21
„ Food Services..................................................................... 23
„ Groundskeeping .................................................................. 25
„ Housekeeping..................................................................... 27
„ Incineration Services........................................................... 29
„ Inpatient Care Services ...................................................... 31
„ Kidney Dialysis Services..................................................... 33
„ Laboratory Testing, Pathology and Histology Services ...... 35
„ Laundry Services ................................................................ 37
„ Maintenance ....................................................................... 39
„ Morgue................................................................................ 41
„ Nuclear Medicine ................................................................ 43
„ Oncology Services .............................................................. 45
„ Outpatient Services ............................................................ 47
„ Pharmacy Services ............................................................. 49
„ Physical Therapy Services.................................................. 51
„ Radiology............................................................................ 53
„ Respiratory Care................................................................. 55
„ Surgery Services ................................................................ 57
 Administration and Purchasing Department
Many administrative services such as billing services,
record keeping and documentation, printing and copying,
and shipping and receiving generate large amounts of
municipal solid waste. Recycling items such as paper,
glass, aluminum cans, cardboard, plastics, computer
equipment, printer and copier cartridges, wood waste
and scrap metals will drastically reduce your solid waste
output. Improving waste segregation systems can
increase recycling and reduce solid waste.

Q Buy and use durable products and materials instead of “use-once, throw-away” items.
Recycle and purchase products with recycled content.
Q Avoid excessive and/or unnecessary packaging. Insist that manufacturers reduce, collect,
and/or re-use packaging (containers, foam peanuts, inserts). Use reusable packaging and totes
instead of corrugated shipping containers.
Q Collect and recycle fluorescent bulbs (keep intact), thermostats, mattresses, furniture, and
equipment. Keep furniture, carpet, and equipment out of the dump. Consider having a
reprocessing durable goods center. Sell or donate excess durables to clinics, shelters, and
foreign medical aid.
Q If they haven’t done so already, demand that your vendors start take-/buy-back programs for
computers and peripherals, printer and copier cartridges, etc. Recycle computer equipment
and toner cartridges.
Q Use energy efficient computer equipment, lights, and appliances (Green Star/Lights Programs).
Q Keep batteries out of the trash. Use non-mercury, rechargeable batteries and implement a
battery collection program.
Q Place mercury spill kits in mercury use areas.
Q Start a mercury elimination program. Buy mercury-free products and equipment (digital
sphygmomanometers and thermometers, tilt and float switches, reed or displacement relays,
thermostat probes and plungers).
Q Strive to achieve the Hospitals for a Healthier Environment (H2E)’s Making Medicine Mercury-
Free Award. Find the link to H2E’s Web site in Appendix 3.
Q Choose less- or least-toxic products and materials. Eliminate carcinogenic chemicals, and use
CFC/Freon management systems to avoid releasing CFC’s.
Q Dangerous waste is generated hospital-wide. Know your dangerous waste generator status
and do hospital-wide dangerous waste generation counts monthly.
Q Inventory all chemical, hazardous waste, and spill management systems. Keep all records for at
least 5 years.
*Note: This is the first of 29 department-specific waste information pages. If the Administration Office manages waste for the
entire hospital, the designated personnel are responsible for the information in each of these pages.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-1

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in Hospital Administration & Purchasing Departments
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?

Q
R Mercury Light bulbs, lamps, and older
microwaves.
• Low-mercury or energy-
efficient lamps
Check Universal Waste list in
Appendix 1 to find out which can be
Q Greeting cards, gift shop • Newer microwaves
disposed under the Universal Waste
novelty items with motion lights Rules and which ones must be
• Digital thermostats managed as dangerous waste.
• Non-mercury-containing
novelty items

Q
R Batteries:
Mercury, lead, acid, Q
Hearing aids and pacemakers
PDAs and digital cameras
•
•
Rechargeable batteries
Lithium or alkaline
See Appendix 2 for vendor list.

cadmium, nickel Q Communication devices • Zinc air

Q
R Toner cartridges
Q
Copiers
Printers
•
•
Recycle
Use vendor take-back programs

Q
R Solvents Several used in print shops • Use digital print system Recycle, distill, or dispose of as
dangerous (hazardous) waste.

Q
R Cleaning chemicals Janitorial supplies • Use least toxic chemicals See vendor list in Appendix 2.

Q
R Electronic waste
Q
Computers
Cathode Ray Tubes (CRTs)
•
•
Recycle
Send for re-use
• Use vendor take-back programs

3-2
 Anesthesia Services
Anesthesia services generate dangerous wastes such as nitrous oxide,
halogenated agents: halothane (fluothane), enflurane (ethrane), isoflurane
(forane), and other inhalation anesthetics. Waste anesthetic gases are
generally removed from the site of application by either a scavenging unit
attached to the anesthesia unit which may capture halogenated waste
gases with a charcoal filter or by vacuum lines which vent to the outside.
Charcoal filters will not trap nitrous oxide. Spent charcoal filters and Soda
Sorb must be handled as dangerous waste.

All wastes must be evaluated to determine if they are dangerous wastes,

biomedical wastes (permitted or allowed), wastewater discharges,
permitted air polluting emissions, or municipal solid waste. Keep
municipal solid, dangerous and biomedical wastes separate. Dangerous
waste cannot leg ally be thrown in the trash, disposed of down the drain, or evaporated into the air.
All dangerous waste, including excess gas cartridges, cylinders and cans, needs to be properly
collected, stored, and recycled, treated or disposed of through a dangerous waste service firm (see
Ecology’s Hazardous Waste Services Directory at http://www.ecy.wa.gov/apps/hwtr/hwsd/default.htm).

Q Consider replacing hazardous substances, including mercury-containing devices, with less-

toxic alternatives. See Appendix 2 for a list.
Q Educate staff to ensure sharps containers are used solely for sharps—not batteries, broken glass,
broken thermometers, or anything other than syringe needles, lancets, etc. Purchase reusable,
leak-proof, puncture-resistant, cadmium-free sharps containers.
Q Inform staff about proper segregation and disposal of red bag and biomedical waste containers.
Q Use scavenging systems for anesthesia unit gas emissions. Restrict waste gases to anesthesia
units—stop any flow into other work areas inside the hospital or outside. Use low-leakage
equipment. Check anesthesia unit daily for possible leaks (e.g., loose tubing, etc.). Do regular
maintenance checks on anesthetic units and scavenging systems—especially on equipment that
is more than 10 years old. Perform quarterly monitoring of anesthetic levels in rooms that
dispense anesthetics.
Q Eliminate gas cylinders/cartridges/cans not currently being used or lacking a specific purpose.
Return empty containers, cartridges or cylinders to supplier. Determine if they are dangerous
waste.
Q Keep pharmaceuticals, spent charcoal filters, halogenated anesthetic bottles, and other
dangerous or biomedical waste out of the trash.
Q Dangerous waste is generated hospital-wide. Know your dangerous waste generator status
and do hospital-wide dangerous waste generation counts monthly.
Q Maintain all disposal records on-site for five years.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-3

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in Hospital Anesthesia Services Departments
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?

Q
R Liquid and gas
halogenated wastes Q
Anesthetic gases
Containers
Return unused portions and/or containers back to
vendor or dispose of properly. Filters and Soda Sorb
are dangerous waste

Q
R Waste anesthesia
gases Q
Air emissions
Filters
•
•
Use low-leak equipment
Use scavenging units
Routinely check equipment and maintain against
leaks; avoid liquid anesthetic spills. Fit patient mask
Q Soda Sorb properly; turn gas supply off before disconnecting.
Check wall piping and connections routinely. Do leak
tests daily and monitor anesthetic levels in operating
and recovery rooms, emergency dental and
adjacent/other rooms receiving gases quarterly.

R Compressed gas
cylinders
Eliminate gas cylinders not in use or lacking specific
purpose. Return to vendor for recycling when
possible.

Q
R Dangerous waste air
emissions Q
Air pollutants
Halogenated gases
Capture fugitive gases and pollutants.

Q
R Biomedical wastes
Q
Body fluids
Saturated materials
• Separate solid from
biomedical waste
Great cost savings can be achieved by separating solid
from biomedical wastes.

3-4
 Autopsy Services
Autopsy services generate biomedical, dangerous, and solid
wastes. Determine the proper disposal methods for all wastes
generated. Bio-hazardous wastes include sharps, blood, or any
material saturated with blood or bodily fluids. Store and dispose
in a labeled biomedical waste red bag or in a leak proof, puncture-
resistant, cadmium-free, hard bio-hazardous waste container.
Sharps need to be stored separately in a rigid, secure container.
When containers are full, use a permitted biomedical waste hauler.

High level disinfectants and preservatives such as formalin/formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde

wastes need to be neutralized, recycled, or disposed of as dangerous waste. Ecology encourages
hospitals to use a central sterile department to reduce the use of cold sterilants. Less-toxic high
level disinfectants are available including those containing acetic acid, peracetic acid, hydrogen
peroxide, alcohols, or ketones.

Q Recycle plastics, paper, cardboard, unopened surgical devices, and other items. Don’t throw away items
that can be reused or recycled. Distill and reuse alcohols, solvents and xylene.

Q Instead of using high-level disinfectants like glutaraldehyde, formaldehyde, Bouin’s solution, or formalin,
investigate and use less-toxic alternatives. See the vendor list in Appendix 2 for information on less-toxic
alternatives.

Q Never dispose of still bottoms or other dangerous, pathological, and/or biological wastes down the drain,
sink, or into the air, garbage, sewer, or septic tank.

Q Properly collect, segregate, store, label and dispose of all wastes. Inform staff on proper separation and
disposal of biomedical red bags, dangerous and municipal solid wastes.

Q Use reusable, leak-proof, puncture resistant, cadmium-free sharps containers for needles, syringes,
lancets, etc. only – not for batteries, broken glass, broken thermometers or other non-sharps.

Q Neutralize disinfectants before discharging into drain/sewer. Keep high-level disinfectants, even if
neutralized, out of septic systems.

Q Decant formalin/formaldehyde from pathological specimens prior to packaging for disposal or reuse.

Q Use digital or other mercury-free devices and instruments whenever possible. Manage mercury-
containing devices (thermometers, fluorescent bulbs, etc.) dangerous waste or universal waste.

Q Don’t dispose of mercury down the drain or in the trash. Always wear gloves when handling mercury
and mercury-containing products. Have mercury spill cleanup kits readily available—don’t allow spills
to be cleaned up without proper materials, equipment, and disposal methods.

Q Maintain all disposal records on-site for five years.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-5

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in Hospital Autopsy Services
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?

Q
R Non-hazardous solid
waste
Packaging •
•
Request less packaging
Purchase in bulk when possible
Recycle; minimize use of hard-to-recycle plastics
and glass; follow hauler’s waste separation
specifications.
• Use reusable totes rather than
cardboard boxes

Q
R Bio-medical waste
Q
Body fluid
Saturated materials
Make sure waste meets standards to reduce total
volume; store in bio-medical waste “red bags;”
Q Blood separate sharps into a puncture-resistant container
labeled “Bio-medical Wast;.” keep bio-medical
Q Sharps
and solid waste separate to reduce costs.

Q
R Glutaraldehyde,
formaldehyde, Q
Chemiclaves
Tissue preservation
• Use autoclaves or sonic
sterilization (see vendor list in
Waste aldehydes are hazardous. Use glycine,
glutarex or formalex to detoxify them. Never
xylene and alcohols Q Embalming Appendix 2 for alternative discharge into a septic tank; use proper ventilation
sterilization methods) and medical monitoring of staff.

Note: Cidex OPA is NOT recommended as a

substitute for Chemiclaves.

Q
R Mercury
Q
Thermometers
Barometers
•
•
Alcohol thermometers
Digital equipment
Dispose or recycle as dangerous waste or
universal waste (see factsheet in Appendix 1)
Q Chemicals • Non-mercury chemicals

Q
R Mercury
Q
Fluorescent bulbs
Mercury switches
•
•
Low-mercury bulbs
Mercury-free switches and
Dispose or recycle as dangerous waste or
universal waste (see factsheet in Appendix 1)
Q Batteries batteries

Q
R Dangerous waste
discharges
Wastewater Don’t pour untreated dangerous or bio-medical
waste into the sewer system. Contact your local
wastewater facility for regulations for your area.

3-6
 Biomedical Engineering Services
Biomedical Engineering services provide support to the
maintenance and supply of equipment and devices used in
patient care. Wastes generated include batteries, used equipment
and devices which contain mercury, degreasers and other
dangerous wastes. Determine the proper disposal methods for all
wastes generated.

All dangerous waste, including excess gas cartridges, cylinders

and cans, needs to be properly collected, stored, and recycled,
treated or disposed of through a dangerous waste service firm
(see Ecology’s Hazardous Waste Services Directory at
http://www.ecy.wa.gov/apps/hwtr/hwsd/default.htm).

Q Improve segregation systems for recycling and disposal; never mix different types of wastes.
Recycle whenever possible.
Q Recycle or dispose of mercury-containing devices (batteries, barometers, etc.) intact, not broken,
as universal or dangerous waste. Keep batteries, switches, thermometers, manometers,
barometers, and other mercury-containing items out of the trash.
Q Handle mercury-containing lamps (fluorescent, mercury vapor, metal halide, high-pressure
sodium vapor, or neon) with care: don’t crush them. See Appendix 2 for vendors.
Q Remove the entire flame sensor unit that contains mercury from the appliance that is going to
be disposed. Remove mercury switches using screwdrivers or wire cutters. Store in an airtight
container that is properly labeled “Mercury Devices for Recycling or Disposal.”
Q Have a mercury spill kit available at all times and clean up spills only with proper materials
and equipment. Use gloves to handle spilled mercury and dispose of properly.
Q Collect and store waste electronic equipment and devices in a safe, dry place until properly
disposed – don’t mix them with regular garbage.
Q Store each kind of solvent and waste separately. Store flammables in a specially-marked
storage cabinet or “H” room. Determine if the solvents are dangerous waste and dispose
properly.
Q Don’t dispose dangerous chemicals and their wastes down the drain or into the garbage.
Q Label all containers of dangerous waste legibly and clearly.
Q Maintain all disposal records on-site for five years.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-7

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in Hospital Biomedical Engineering Services
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?

Q
R Municipal solid waste Packaging •
•
Request less packaging
Segregate wastes
Recycle; minimize use of hard-to-recycle
plastics and glass.

• Minimize by purchasing in bulk

Q
R Electronic/computer
waste (lead, mercury- Q
Cathode ray tubes
Monitors
Universal waste; store in a dry, secure
storage area prior to hazardous waste
containing waste) Q Televisions service disposal or recycle with a reputable
reclaimer (see vendor list in Appendix 2)
Q Hard drives

Q
R Mercury
Q
Thermometers
Barometers
•
•
Alcohol thermometers
Digital equipment
Mercury may be recycled or handled as
dangerous waste.

Q
R Mercury
Q
Fluorescent bulbs
Mercury switches
•
•
Low-mercury bulbs
Mercury-free switches and
Universal waste (see Appendix 1)

Q Batteries batteries

Q
R Solvents (alcohols,
ketones and chlorinated
Equipment maintenance • Aqueous-based cleaners Collect, recycle or dispose as dangerous
waste.
compounds)

Q
R Used batteries NiCad, lithium and
others
•
•
Use rechargeable batteries
Use mercury-free batteries
Create a battery collection area and recycle
when full; separate by type.

Q
R Wastewater Dangerous waste
discharges
Keep untreated dangerous and/or bio-
hazardous wastes out of the sewer system.
Contact your local water treatment facility
for regulations for your area.

3-8
 Central Sterile Reprocessing and Distribution
Central Sterile Reprocessing and Distribution services use ethylene
oxide (“EtO”) sterilizers, chemiclaves which use formaldehyde or
glutaraldehyde, autoclaves (steam) and chemical disinfection systems.
Sterilization and high-level disinfection operations should be
centralized in your hospital, if at all possible. Nearly all sterilants and
disinfectants designate as dangerous waste—minimize their use to
reduce cost of products and waste disposal.

Monitor air emissions of EtO and capture pollutants. Replace

chemical sterilization with less-toxic processes such as sonic
sterilization, gas plasma, electron beam, microwave, or hydrogen
peroxide, whenever possible. EtO, with freon as the carrier gas, is in
the process of being banned. Consider less-toxic carriers such as 100%
ethylene oxide or carbon dioxide.

Designate all wastes to determine if they are dangerous wastes and to determine proper waste management
and disposal. If high-level disinfection is necessary, neutralize with glycine or another aldehyde neutralizer
(see Appendix 2 for vendors) and dispose down the drain if your hospital’s wastewater discharges go to a
wastewater treatment system. If your hospital’s wastewater discharges to a septic system, collect and
dispose disinfectants as a dangerous waste.

All dangerous waste needs to be properly collected, stored, and recycled, treated or disposed of through a
dangerous waste service firm (see Ecology’s Hazardous Waste Services Directory
http://www.ecy.wa.gov/apps/hwtr/hwsd/default.htm).

Q Use durable items such as, towels, instruments, and stainless steel products.

Q Neutralize high-level disinfectants before discharging to sewer. Keep Chemiclave wastewater out of
septic systems; treat as a dangerous waste. Keep Chemiclaves closed.

Q Manage all wastes containing formaldehyde or glutaraldehyde as dangerous waste. Keep

glutaraldehyde or formaldehyde out of septic tanks even if neutralized first. Never release any
dangerous waste into sewer or septic systems. Use less-toxic alternatives whenever possible.

Q Use scrubbers, combustion units, or gas collection, when using EtO. Use EtO only in well-ventilated
areas; monitor and dispose filter waste as dangerous waste. Don’t dispose of EtO down the drain or emit
into the air.

Q Fit autoclaves with recirculated cooling water systems.

Q Keep batteries out of the trash.

Q Recycle or dispose of any mercury-containing device (fluorescent, vapor, metal halide, and high-pressure
sodium vapor, or neon lights and lamps, thermometers, etc.) as dangerous waste. Keep out of the
regular garbage. Switch to mercury-free devices and products whenever possible.

Q Use secondary containment and keep spill kits on hand. Train employees on proper use. Don’t try to
clean up spills without proper materials and equipment.

Q Maintain disposal records on-site for 5 years.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-9

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in Central Sterile Reprocessing Units
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?

•
R Municipal solid waste Q
Q
Packaging
Paper •
Use durable instruments
Purchase in bulk
Recycle, reuse. Follow hauler’s waste separation
specifications. Segregation and recycling saves on
disposal costs.
Q Disposable items

R Biomedical waste Q
Q
Sharps
Items soaked with blood
Separate solid waste from biomedical wastes;
separation saves on disposal costs.
and/or bodily fluids

R Ethylene oxide (EtO)

with 88% Freon-
Q Sterilization • See alternative sterilization
equipment vendor list
Freon is being banned. Recover and dispose of EtO
and Freon as dangerous waste. Filter air and dispose
based carrier of spent filters as dangerous waste.

R Glutaraldehyde,
formaldehyde,
Q Used in chemiclaves •
•
Autoclaves/sonic sterilization
See alternatives vendor list in
Aldehydes can be neutralized by using glycine or other
neutralizers. Never discharge to septic system. Use
xylene, and alcohols proper ventilation and staff medical monitoring.
Appendices Count as treated dangerous waste.

Note: Cidex OPA is not recommended for use in

chemiclaves

R Glutaraldehyde Q Cold sterilization • Use non-hazardous substance

or non-inhalation hazard
Use gloves or personal protection equipment. Use
proper ventilation. Never discharge into septic system,
sterilization equipment (see even if neutralized. Can be neutralized and discharged
Appendix 2) to sewer. Count as treated dangerous waste.

R Waste water
containing dangerous
Q Dangerous waste • Reduce generation of
dangerous waste (see vendor
Do not dispose untreated dangerous waste or into the
sewer system. Contact Ecology or local wastewater
wastes list in Appendix 2) facility for exact disposal regulations for your area.

R Mercury Q Thermometers, gauges,

barometers
• Use digital or alcohol
instruments
Mercury may be recycled or handled as dangerous
waste or Universal Waste (see fact sheet in Appendix
Q Fluorescent bulbs, mercury 1). Store and dispose of according to local state
• Use low-mercury bulbs and regulations.
switches, batteries mercury-free switches and
Q Electronics, equipment batteries
3-10
 Clinical Research
Clinical research generates biomedical, dangerous, and municipal solid wastes.
Chemicals and wastes not generally associated with healthcare services may be
present, such as solvents, alcohols, reagents, used or discarded chemicals, acid and
bases. All dangerous waste, including excess gas cartridges, cylinders and cans,
needs to be properly collected, stored, and recycled, treated or disposed of through
a dangerous waste service firm (see Ecology’s Hazardous Waste Services Directory
http://www.ecy.wa.gov/apps/hwtr/hwsd/default.htm).

Q Recycle or dispose of xylene, methanol, acetone, methylene chloride and other

solvent wastes as dangerous waste.
Q Manage chemicals and wastes properly. Use closed, clearly labeled and dated containers. Store in a
secure area, keeping incompatibles separate in secondary containment. Dispose of properly.
Q Dangerous wastes, including cadmium, chromium, copper, cyanide, lead, mercury, nickel, selenium,
silver or zinc cannot legally be disposed down the drain.
Q Store specimens prepared in formaldehyde or metal-containing fixatives away from sinks. Don’t dilute
chemical wastes for the purpose of disposal. You may need a wastewater discharge permit—contact
your local publicly-owned wastewater treatment facility for requirements.
Q Don’t use a sink or hood as a secondary containment area for hazardous materials or dangerous wastes,
or evaporate solvents or other organic chemical wastes in the fume hood as a means of disposal.
Q Train staff on waste designation and proper disposal methods for all wastes. Keep unlike wastes
separate. Count all dangerous wastes generated on a monthly basis, hospital-wide. Add any treated
and recycled dangerous wastes to the dangerous waste totals.
Q Avoid using chromic acid solutions for cleaning glassware. Keep waste solutions containing chromic
acid out of the drain or sink—these are dangerous wastes.
Q Store staining supplies in a secure storage area. If the staining waste is a dangerous waste, manage
properly. Keep copper or chromium reagents used in protein, stool or albumin testing out of the sewer.
Q Extract mercury from mercury-containing equipment and manage as dangerous waste. Keep mercury-
containing lamps out of the garbage—manage as Universal waste.
Q Don’t discharge cold sterilants, such as, glutaraldehyde or formaldehyde into sewer unless thoroughly
neutralized. Never dispose to septic tanks.
Q Use reusable, leak-proof, puncture-resistant, cadmium-free sharps containers for needles, syringes,
lancets, etc., only – not for batteries, broken glass or thermometers, or other non-sharps material.
Q Manage cell culture or microbiological lab waste as biomedical waste. Keep microbiological lab waste
from cell cultures and stains out of the garbage and/or drain.
Q Wherever possible, use central sterilizing reprocessing. Install recirculating cooling water device on
autoclaves or equipment that supplies cooling water.
Q Replace all plastic tubing containing DEHP with tubes that are DEHP-free.
Q Maintain a current inventory of all hazardous substances and chemicals stored within the facility and a
materials data safety sheet (MSDS) for each chemical within the work place. Also, maintain all disposal
records on-site for five years.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-11

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in Clinical Research Labs
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?

•
R Municipal solid waste Q Packaging Request less packaging Use reusable plastic totes instead of cardboard boxes.

R Biomedical waste Q
Q
Sharps
Blood
• Reduce biomedical waste by
separating out solid waste
Use biomedical “red bags.” Separate sharps into
puncture-resistant, clearly-labeled container.

R Dangerous waste (toxic,

mercury or flammable)
Q Waste
pharmaceuticals
• Use take-back pharmaceutical
programs (see Appendix 4)
Follow label and storage requirements. Separate non-
compatible materials. Never dispose to sewer.

R Air emissions Q
Q
Lab chemicals
Sterilization and
• See list of air pollutants that can’t be
emitted in Appendix 5
Use charcoal filters in hoods and dispose of as
dangerous waste when spent.
disinfection

R Formaldehyde Q Tissue preservation

or disinfection
•
•
Neutralize
Use alternatives
Separate, disinfect and dispose of mixed waste
(formaldehyde and tissue) as dangerous waste.

•
R Glutaraldehyde,
formaldehyde, xylene
Q Used in
chemiclaves •
Use autoclaves or sonic sterilization
Aldehydes can be neutralized
Dangerous waste. Never discharge into septic system.
Use proper ventilation. (Note: Cidex OPA is not
and alcohols recommended as a substitute in chemiclaves.)

R Glutaraldehyde Q Cold sterilization •

•
Cidex OPA, Sporox
See vendor list in appendices for
Use gloves and/or personal protective equipment.
Use proper ventilation. Never discharge into septic
system. Detoxify and discharge to a treatment plant.
equipment alternatives

R Mercury Q Thermometers,
barometers
• Digital equipment, alcohol
thermometers
Mercury may be recycled or handled as dangerous
waste or Universal Waste .
Q Fluorescent bulbs, • Use low-mercury bulbs and
mercury switches, mercury-free switches and batteries
batteries

R Wastewater Dangerous waste

discharge
Don’t discharge dangerous waste unless you have a
sewer permit.

3-12
 Construction and Renovation
Construction, renovation, and demolition waste in hospitals mainly consists of
solid waste. Hospitals must identify which materials are dangerous waste
including lead shielding, lead paint peelings, asbestos (contained in some
ceiling tiles, floor tiles or heating systems/boilers), demolished equipment
containing lead, mercury, silver and/or cadmium (residuals in drain traps,
gauges, switches, batteries, fluorescent light bulbs, and computer monitors).
Light ballasts may contain PCB’s.

Determine the proper disposal methods for all wastes generated. Mercury is a
toxic, bioaccumulative substance and needs to be managed as dangerous waste.
All dangerous waste needs to be properly collected, stored, and recycled,
treated or disposed of through a dangerous waste service firm (see Hazardous
Waste Services Directory http://www.ecy.wa.gov/apps/hwtr/hwsd/default.htm).

To reduce disposal costs, identify and separate wastes that are recyclable. Some debris is municipal solid
waste, but the volume may warrant separate disposal in an approved construction and debris landfill.
Check with your county health district and solid waste departments on local disposal requirements.

Q Use recycled materials and energy-efficient design principles. See Resource List for Green Guide to
Healthcare.
Q Prevent saw-cut slurries, dirt, leftover paints (including rinse water), solvents, or toxic chemicals from
getting into storm drains, sewer, or septic tanks, or run-off into streets, alleys, or parking lots.
Q Ensure wastewater meets discharge standards before discharging to any drain. Don’t store chemicals
and other hazardous substances or wastes, above or near any drain.
Q Install separate piping for laboratory and sanitary waste when installing new plumbing.
Q Use an asbestos abatement contractor when removing or disturbing asbestos. Don’t use any asbestos-
containing materials when constructing or renovating a facility, or burn any material containing asbestos.
Dispose of asbestos waste properly.
Q Have spill clean up kits, materials, and neutralizing agents readily available. Train employees in spill
preparedness. Clean up spills of hazardous substances immediately and dispose as dangerous waste.
Never handle spilled mercury with bare hands.
Q Manage waste lead paint & debris, asbestos ceiling or floor tiles, materials/equipment containing lead,
mercury, silver or cadmium, batteries, computer monitors, lighting ballasts and thermostats properly –
never put into trash or sewer.
Q Identify and properly manage all demolition debris. Manage municipal wastes separately. Separate
dangerous wastes from wastes like metal and wood wastes, used mattresses, carpeting, solid waste from
construction debris, and furniture. Sort and recycle, don’t mix wastes.
Q Manage mercury-containing lamps (fluorescent, mercury vapor, metal halide, high-pressure sodium
vapor, and neon) correctly; don’t put into the regular trash. Switch to mercury-free thermostats,
fluorescent lamps, switches, floats, temperature control devices, and cleaning products.
Q Improve segregation systems for all wastes to aid with proper disposal and recycling.
Q Replace all plastic tubing/piping containing DEHP (PVC) with tubes that are DEHP-free.
Q For information on materials containing a PCB, go to: http://yosemite.epa.gov/R10/OWCM.NSF/pcb/pcb and
get in touch with the PCB specialist at your Ecology regional office.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-13

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in Construction and Renovation Areas
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?

R Municipal solid
waste
Q
Q
Packaging
Disposable, single-use items
•
•
Use durable containers
Request less packaging
Recycle cardboard, paper, newspaper, metals
(including steel and aluminum), glass plastics, and
packaging materials. Follow recycler’s separation
specifications.

R Mercury Q
Q
Lamps, switches
Batteries
•
•
Use low-mercury bulbs
Use rechargeable , non-
Recycle. Dispose of properly as dangerous waste or
Universal Waste. See vendor lists in Appendix 2.
Q Drain traps mercury batteries
Q Cleaning products • Use non-mercury
cleaning supplies

R Polychlorinated
Biphenyl (PCB)
Q Light ballasts • Replace old ballasts
with PCB-free ballasts
Dispose as TSCA/dangerous waste. Avoid using any
material containing PCBs.

R Asbestos Q
Q
Flooring felt
Rollboard, corrugated,
• Use asbestos-free
products
Use a registered asbestos removal and disposal firm.
Dispose of all wastes containing asbestos as a
commercial specialty paper dangerous waste or a special waste. See Ecology’s
Hazardous Waste Services Directory at
Q Ceiling “popcorn”
http://www.ecy.wa.gov/apps/hwtr/hwsd
Q Asbestos-containing products

R Contaminated
storm water
Q Runoff from construction
area, lawns, parking areas
• Use barriers to filter
runoff from site
Keep contaminants out of storm water runoff. Do not
dispose of paint or other wastes down the storm drain.

•
R Lead, petroleum-
based paints,
Q Paint, stains, and lacquers Use latex or waterborne
products
Paint chips containing lead must be managed as
dangerous waste. Dispose of properly. Separate
metals, toxic tints • Donate usable items dangerous and Universal Wastes.

R Construction,
demolition debris
Q
Q
Wood
Flooring, etc.
•
•
Recycle
Donate usable items
Paint chips containing lead must be managed as
dangerous waste. Dispose of properly. Separate
dangerous and Universal Wastes.

3-14
 Critical Care Services
Critical care services can include these areas:
Burns Neonatal
Cardiac Pediatric
Intensive Care Surgical
Medical

Therefore critical care can generate large amounts of wastes

that may include: devices and products that contain
mercury, unused pharmaceuticals, sterilants, disinfectants,
anesthesia and other gas wastes, biomedical waste, solid
waste, and chemotherapy waste.

All dangerous waste, including excess gas cartridges, cylinders and cans, needs to be properly evaluated,
collected, stored, and recycled, treated or disposed of through a dangerous waste service firm (see Hazardous
Waste Services Directory http://www.ecy.wa.gov/apps/hwtr/hwsd/default.htm).

Q Biomedical waste, such as material containing blood and bodily fluids, needs to be stored in clearly
labeled red bags or hard, leak-proof containers. Train staff about proper biomedical waste segregation
and disposal.
Q Manage chemicals and wastes properly. Use closed, clearly labeled and dated containers. Store in a
secure area, keeping incompatibles separate in secondary containment. Dispose of properly.
Q Dangerous wastes must be properly managed, it can’t be disposed into the garbage, poured down the
drain, or evaporated into the air.
Q Air pollutant control devices (filters, scrubbers, etc.) should be used on any equipment that could
potentially release emissions into the air. Contact Ecology’s Air Quality Program or your local Air
Quality Authority on the requirements for air pollution control for your area.
Q Separate trace and bulk chemotherapy waste. Trace chemo waste can go into biomedical waste bags;
bulk chemotherapy waste is classified as dangerous waste.
Q Sharps should be stored in a labeled, secured, puncture-resistant, cadmium-free, container especially
designed for sharps. Use the containers for sharps only - no batteries, broken thermometers, or glass.
Q Consider developing a hospital program that donates or sells used equipment and furnishings.
Q Investigate less-toxic alternatives to high-level disinfectants and reverse osmosis water supply
equipment to reduce formaldehyde usage. Keep formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde out of drains and the
sewer unless thoroughly neutralized. Don’t discharge formaldehyde or glutaraldehyde into septic tank,
even if neutralized. Decant formalin and formaldehyde from pathological specimens prior to reuse or
disposal. Distill and reuse alcohol and solvents. Use an alternative to ethylene oxide (EtO) and Bouin’s
solution when available.
Q Use mercury-free devices (electronic sensors, temperature strips, digital thermometers, air-, water-, or
Tungsten-filled gastrointestinal tubes or bougies). Send patients home with digital thermometers.
Q Keep a container for unused pharmaceuticals. Return them to the pharmacy. Keep out of sewer/septic
and garbage.
Q Maintain all disposal records on-site for three years.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-15

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in Critical Care Services
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?
•
R Municipal solid waste Q
Q
Packaging
Disposable items •
Request less packaging
Use durable items
Recycle cardboard, paper, newspaper, metals
(including steel and aluminum), glass,
plastics, and packaging materials.

R Lindane, cresols,
saline, preservatives,
Q Dangerous waste
pharmaceuticals, patient care
• Use take-back pharmaceutical
programs (see Appendix 4)
Any waste pharmaceuticals, cleaners or
devices that contain mercury are dangerous
flammables, mercury, wastes. See alternative vendor list in
thimerosal • Use pharmaceuticals that don’t Appendix 2.
contain mercury
• Use thimerosal-free products

R Air emissions Q Sterilization and disinfection

(EtO)
• Sterilox, Sterad or Steris. See vendor
list in Appendix 2.
Capture air pollutants. Monitor EtO levels.

•
R Glutaraldehyde,
formaldehyde, xylene
Q Used in chemiclaves
•
Use autoclaves or sonic sterilization
Microwave
Use gloves and/or personal protective
equipment. Use proper ventilation. Never
and alcohols • Electron beam discharge into septic system. Detoxify and
• Gas plasma discharge to a treatment plant. (Note: Cidex
• Hydrogen peroxide OPA is not recommended as a substitute in
chemiclaves.)

R Mercury Q Thermometers,
sphygmomanometers
• Digital equipment, alcohol
thermometers, aneroid sphygs
Mercury may be recycled or handled as
dangerous waste or Universal Waste. See
Q Cantor tubes, feeding tubes, alternative vendor list in Appendix 2.
• Tungsten, air, or water weighted
esophageal dilators esophageal dilators and tubes

R Mercury Q Fluorescent bulbs, mercury

switches, batteries
• Use low-mercury bulbs and
mercury-free switches and batteries
Mercury may be recycled or handled as
dangerous waste or Universal Waste. See
fact sheet in Appendix 1.

R Lead Sterilizer/autoclave tape • Non-lead indicator tape Dangerous waste, dispose properly.

R Wastewater Dangerous waste being

discharged down drains
Check with local waste water treatment
facility for discharge limits.

3-16
 Emergency Care Services
Emergency departments may perform services which include the
decontamination of patients, use of formalin for specimen
preservation, operation of x-ray equipment, management of
photographic chemicals, wastewater, silver recovery and films,
mercury-containing devices, sterilants, high level disinfectants and
waste pharmaceuticals. Biomedical waste in the form of saturated or
free-flowing blood and bodily fluids needs to be placed in red bags or
puncture-resistant containers and labeled for removal as biomedical
waste. Manage sharps the same way, but store separately.

Dangerous waste cannot be disposed in the garbage, down the drain, or evaporated to the air. All
dangerous waste needs to be properly stored, and recycled, treated, or disposed through a hazardous waste
firm. See Ecology’s Hazardous Waste Services Directory at http://www.ecy.wa.gov/apps/hwtr/hwsd/default.htm.

Q Dangerous waste that is also biomedical waste must be disinfected, then disposed as dangerous waste.
Consider replacing hazardous substances and mercury-containing devices with less-toxic alternatives.
Q Manage regulated biomedical wastes—soiled or blood-soaked non-dangerous wastes, culture swabs,
tissues/organs, sharps, blood products, bodily fluids or isolation waste—properly, in red bags. Keep out
of the garbage or sanitary sewer. Collect sharps separately; don’t place sharps in red bags.
Q Store all chemicals used for preserving tissues (formaldehyde, formalin, etc.) in a separate and secure
area and dispose of as dangerous waste. Keep chemicals out of sinks and sewer system.
Q Segregate each type of waste— dangerous, biomedical, sharps, radioactive, recyclables, or municipal
solid waste. Sort and recycle wastes including solid waste and hazardous wastes.
Q Recycle film and spent fixer or dispose as a dangerous waste, never put down the drain. Comply with
all local and state regulations. Don’t mix spent fixer waste with x-ray processor cleaning agents if they
contain chromic acid, i.e., Kodak’s Liquid Developer System Cleaner. If recycled on-site, use a two or
three-stage silver recovery canister system. Contact your local wastewater treatment facility to make
sure all local discharge limits are met with the silver recovery system used.
Q Collect high-level disinfectants (i.e., glutaraldehyde) and dispose as dangerous waste. Glutaraldehyde,
ethylene oxide, and anesthetic gas waste are a health hazard; don’t release into air or water. Always use
proper ventilation when using these chemicals.
Q Use filtered or separate ventilation system in decontamination areas for hazardous emissions.
Q Contain wastewater in decontaminated areas in a sump tank. Properly store all decontamination waste
water until treated and prior to sewer discharge.
Q Keep chemical cleaning and disinfecting agents, or their respective waste water, and any chemical
containing mercury out of the drains and sanitary sewers. Dispose cleaners and soaps as dangerous
waste if they contain mercury (Alconox soap, Derma scrub).
Q Dispose Miller-Abbot, Cantor tubes or bougies as dangerous waste, not in the trash or red biomedical
waste bags. Close, label and date the container.
Q Manage epinephrine and used epinephrine residual containers as extremely hazardous waste.
Never dispose of pharmaceutical waste into the garbage or down the drain.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-17

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in Emergency Care Services
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?
Q •
R Dangerous waste
(Pharmaceuticals list
Medical procedures
(epinephrine)
Use same class pharmaceuticals that
don’t contain dangerous waste, such as
Label and store according to requirements.
Segregate non-compatible materials. Never store
in Appendix 1) Q Mercury-containing mercury over sink. Keep MSDS readily available.
pharmaceuticals

Q •
R Glutaraldehyde and
other high level Q
Medical devices
High level disinfection
Hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid,
acetic acid (Sporox, Cidex OPA, Steris
Glutaraldehyde is dangerous waste and must be
counted toward dangerous waste generation or
disinfectants Q Chemiclaves 20 Sterrad 5, Sterrad 100S, Sterilox neutralized and discharged to the sewer. Use air
Q Cold sterilization 2501, Metrex Compliance) and medical monitoring and proper ventilation.

Q •
R Mercury
Q
Thermometers
Sphygmomanometers •
Use digital devices
Replace GI tubes with air, water, or
Dispose as either Universal or dangerous waste.
Hurst and Malone have mercury and PVC-free
Q Cantor/Miller-Abbot Tungsten-filled tubes gastrointestinal tubes available.
tubes • Use mercury/PVC-free gastrointestinal
tubes

•
R Mercury, NiCad,
lithium, heavy metals
Q Used batteries
•
Use rechargeable batteries
Use non-mercury batteries
Use separate collection bin for each battery type
and dispose as Universal or dangerous waste.

•
R Formaldehyde/
formalin
Q Tissue preservation Use turpine, ethylene, or propylene
glycol-based preservatives
Bio-hazardous waste needs to be disinfected and
neutralized or disposed as dangerous waste.

Q •
R Silver (fixer solution
effluent, steel wool Q
Radiology films
Fixer and developer
New, efficient processors or digital
processors.
Reclaim or dispose as dangerous waste. Recycle
fixer on- or off-site.
filter) Q Silver recovery • Use metallic replacement or electrolytic
materials deposition for silver recovery

•
R Lead Q Shielding from
radiology
Recycle lead from shields; dispose as a dangerous
waste.

•
R Air emissions Q EtO sterilization Switch to Steris or Sterrad (see vendor
list in Appendix 2)
EtO is a known carcinogen.

•
R Chromium (chromic
acid)
Q X-ray processor
cleaning agent
Use cleaners without chromium (see
vendor list in Appendix 2.
Never mix chromium-containing cleaner waste
with spent fixer.

3-18
 Emergency Dental Services
Dentistry generates a variety of dangerous (hazardous),
universal, biomedical, and municipal solid waste.
This page provides information on proper waste management
and possible alternatives for using less-toxic products and
reducing the generation of certain wastes.

Q Segregate dangerous, biomedical, and municipal solid

wastes and recyclables.

Q Properly manage and dispose of dangerous waste

generated by the dental department (e.g., fixer, or lead
foils and aprons, sterilants, and amalgam, etc.).

Q Mercury is toxic and bioaccumulative. Dental amalgam is a concern if discharged into the sewer.
Contact your publicly owned treatment works for local regulations and guidelines. Collect and manage
amalgam for recycling or disposal as dangerous waste. Do not disinfect with bleach.

Q Other dangerous wastes of concern in emergency dentistry include fixer (silver), lead shields and
packaging, high-level disinfectants and sterilizers, waste pharmaceuticals, and mercury-containing
devices.

Q Use precapsulated amalgam alloys, not bulk mercury. Recycle used amalgam capsules, salvage, store,
and recycle non-contact scrap amalgam and recycle salvage contact amalgam pieces from restorations
after removal.

Q Disinfect extracted teeth that contain amalgam restorations. Check with your recycler to see if they will
accept extracted teeth with amalgam restorations. Don’t dispose of used amalgam capsules, non-contact
or contact amalgam waste, nor extracted teeth that contain amalgam in bio-medical containers into
municipal solid waste. Never flush amalgam waste down the drain, or rinse vacuum pump filters, chair-
side traps, or other amalgam collection devices into drains or sinks.

Q Collect and recycle amalgam from separators, chair-side traps, vacuum pump filters or other amalgam
collection devices. Install ISO 11143-approved amalgam separators in your department.

Q Never place uncovered hands directly into cold sterilants—use nitrile gloves and aprons. Sterilants
which contain glutaraldehyde are an inhalation hazard. Use products with ortho-phthalaldehyde that
are glutaraldehyde-free. See vendor list in Appendix 2.

Q Keep cold sterilant containers covered. Neutralize cold sterilants with an appropriate neutralizer before
discharging into drain/sewer.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-19

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in Emergency Dental Services
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?

R Biomedical waste Q Sharps • Separate municipal solid waste Store/dispose biomedical waste in red
Q Materials saturated with blood (sharps in separate container) bags or puncture-resistant containers. Use
and/or bodily fluids biomedical waste hauler and facility.

R Mercury Q Fluorescent bulbs • Low-mercury bulbs Universal Waste: see fact sheet and
Q Mercury switches • Mercury-free switches vendor list in Appendices 1 and 2.
Q Batteries
• Mercury-free batteries

R Mercury Q Thermometers • Digital/aneroid equipment Can be recycled as Universal or

Q Sphygmomanometers dangerous waste.

R Dangerous waste
pharmaceuticals
Q
Q
Cresols and Lindane
Mercury-based preservatives
• Return to manufacturer See Ecology pharmaceutical fact sheet in
Appendices.
• Use reverse distributor

R Glutaraldehyde,
formaldehyde, xylene
Q Used in chemiclaves • Autoclaves (neutralize aldehydes
by using glycine, glutarex, or
Never discharge into septic system. Use
proper ventilation. Check if it can be
and alcohols formalex); discharge to a sewer discharged to your POTW. (Note: Cidex
system OPA is not recommended as a substitute
in chemiclaves)

R Glutaraldehyde Q Cold sterilization • Cidex OPA, nitrile gloves and Never discharge into septic system and
personal protection equipment neutralize prior to sewer discharge.
• Use proper ventilation

R Silver Q
Q
X-ray
Fixer
• Recycle on- or off-site Manage as dangerous waste or recycle.
Don’t discharge waste water.

R Lead Q
Q
Lead boxes and foil packets
Aprons
• Recycle (see vendor list in
Appendices)
Dangerous waste.

R Chromium Q X-ray cleaners • Use non-chromium cleaners Dangerous waste. See Appendix 2.

R Zinc-based compounds Q Cements Don’t discharge into sewer. May be

disposed as a solid waste.

3-20
 Endoscopy and Cardiac Catheterization Services
There are several sources for the generation of dangerous
wastes, such as mercury-containing devices,
pharmaceuticals, sterilants, sharps, biomedical,
disinfectants, and chemotherapy wastes. High-level
disinfectants and sterilants such as glutaraldehyde and
ethylene oxide gas (EtO) represent significant health and
environmental hazards when released to water or air.
Mercury-containing products and devices need to be
managed properly.

Some suggestions for reducing pollution and wastes:

Q Stop using feeding tubes, Cantor Tubes, Miller-Abbot Tubes, incubators, dilators, refrigerators,
sphygmomanometers, thermometers, and other items that have mercury in them. Recycle or
manage these items as universal waste.

Q Replace plastic tubing & vinyl bags containing DEHP (PVC) with DEHP-free tubes wherever
possible.

Q Investigate least-toxic alternatives to high-level disinfectants like glutaraldehyde, formaldehyde, etc.

If you must use aldehydes, then distill, filter, and reuse them. Use alternatives to EtO whenever
available.

Q Decant formalin/formaldehyde from pathological specimens prior to packaging for disposal-reuse.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-21

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in Endoscopy and Cardiac Catheterization Services
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?

Q •
R Municipal solid
waste Q
Packaging
Disposable one-use items •
Request less packaging
Use durable totes
Recycle whenever possible. Dispose properly.
Use proper segregation.

Q
R Dangerous waste
pharmaceuticals
Patient medications (cresols,
lindane, mercury-based
•
•
Send back to manufacturer
Use reverse distributor
Never store over drains. See pharmaceutical
waste information in Appendix 1.
(including those preservatives like thimerosal
containing mercury) and saline)

Q •
R Mercury
Q
Thermometers
Sphygmomanometers and •
Digital monitor devices
Tungsten, air or water-filled
Dangerous waste, recycle or dispose properly.
See resource list in Appendix 3. Hurst and
other monitoring equipment GI tubes Malone have mercury-free and PVC-free GI
Q Cantor and Miller/Abbot tubes
• Mercury/PVC-free tubing tubing.
• Non-mercury devices
Q Esophageal dilators

Q •
R Mercury
Q
Fluorescent bulbs
Mercury switches •
Low-mercury bulbs
Mercury-free switches
Manage as dangerous or Universal Waste.
See fact sheet in Appendix 1.
Q Batteries
• Rechargable batteries

Q
R Glutaraldehyde and
other high-level
Medical device high-level
disinfection: chemiclaves and
• Hydogen peroxide, peracitic
acid, acetic acid (Sporox,
Glutaraldehyde use requires proper
WISHA/OSHA-approved ventilation system
disinfectants cold sterilization Cidex OPA, Steris 20 Sterad 5, and air and medical monitoring.
Sterad 100S, Sterilox 2501, Glutaraldehyde also needs to be counted
Metrex Compliance) See toward your dangerous waste generation. It
vendor list in Appendix 2 can be neutralized and discharged to the
sewer. See list of neutralization products in
the vendor list in Appendix 2.

Q •
R Lead Autoclave indicator tape See Appendix 2 Dangerous waste, manage properly.

Q
R Air emissions Sterilization (EtO) • See vendor list in Appendix 2
for Steris, Sterrad sterilizers
EtOs must be registered as an air pollution
source.

3-22
 Food Services
Large amounts of meat, vegetables, and canned goods are used in
hospital food service departments. This can generate substantial
quantities of solid and organic wastes. Special wastes such as grease
from fryalators need special collection and disposal systems to avoid
disposing down the drain or as solid waste. Wastewater from
dishwashing and food preparation must be monitored to avoid
excess grease, harsh chemicals, or an excessive amount of organic
substances being discharged into the sewer.

The following suggestions provide information on proper waste

management and less-toxic alternatives. Because all dangerous
waste needs to be collected, stored, and recycled, treated or
disposed appropriately, it pays to reduce the generation of these wastes. To contact a hazardous waste firm
to assist you, see Ecology’s Hazardous Waste Services Directory at
http://www.ecy.wa.gov/apps/hwtr/hwsd/default.htm .

Q Investigate food recovery programs to reduce food waste going to landfills and reduce waste costs.
Consider giving food waste to farmers as feed stock. Be sure that meat and other animal products are
not used in feed stock. Check with your County Health Department for guidelines.
Q Avoid preparing excessive amounts of food and garnishes. Donate excess food to charitable
organizations.
Q Consider on or off-site composting programs, for vegetative food wastes. Consider working with other
local businesses in your area to combine composting efforts to reduce costs.
Q Use durable food service items (trays, covers, utensils, cups, plates, glasses, napkins, etc.). Eliminate
individual condiment packaging. Use bulk milk dispensers, not individual milk cartons. Ask suppliers
to reduce packaging.
Q Recycle glass, cans, cardboard, plastics, and paper, whenever possible. Keep food waste out of
containers you want to recycle. Avoid throwing away items that can be reused. Recycle kitchen
greases—don’t throw them into garbage, septic, sewer, or down the drain.
Q Store, label, maintain, and dispose of chemicals properly. Use secondary containment. Replace toxic
chemicals with less-toxic alternatives. Don’t store toxic/hazardous chemicals near drains or above sinks.
Keep chemicals to be discarded out of the trash; don’t discharge into any drain, sewer, or septic tank.
Q Keep area clean and free of unnecessary items and food debris that will attract unwanted pests. Reduce
the use of chemical pesticides and seek non-chemical or less-toxic products and methods for pest control.
Implement an Integrated Pest Management Plan.
Q Avoid the purchase and/or use of mercury-containing devices or products. Keep mercury devices out
of the trash—recycle or manage as dangerous or Universal waste.
Q Maintain all disposal records on-site for five years.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-23

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in the Food Services Department
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?

Q •
R Municipal solid
waste Q
Packaging
Disposable items
Request less packaging from
suppliers
Compost food waste or donate to farms for feed stock.
Check for local restrictions for donating feed stock.
Q Food and kitchen • Use durable materials
waste • Compost food waste
• Donate excess food to charities

Q •
R Dangerous waste
chemicals Q
Decalcifiers
Cleaners
Use least-toxic chemicals
available
See vendor information in Appendix 2.

Q Degreasers/solvents

Q •
R Pesticides Pest control Use Integrated Pest
Management (IPM) practices,
See resource list in Appendix 3 for more information on
IPM.
including non-chemical
alternatives

•
R Mercury-containing
devices, such as
Q
Q
Refrigerators
Ovens
Use digital devices Eliminate mercury-containing devices or manage as
dangerous or Universal waste.
thermometers
Q Other heating units
Q Temperature
monitoring devices

•
R Kitchen grease Q Cooking/frying food Recycle through waste kitchen
grease and oil recycler
Don’t dispose in the trash or down the drain.

Q •
R Wastewater
Q
Washing food
Dishwashing
Reduce the fats, grease and
organic materials going down
Check with your local publicly owned wastewater
treatment facility for requirements. Discharge only when
Q Cooking the drain wastewater meets local discharge limits.

R Electronic waste Q
Q
Computers
Equipment
Dangerous waste: Recycle, reuse. Dispose properly.
See vendor list in Appendix 2.

3-24
 Grounds Keeping
Conventional grounds keeping uses a variety of fertilizers and pesticides
(herbicides, fungicides, insecticides, rodenticides, and anti-bacterial
agents) to promote healthy plant growth and eliminate pests, molds, and
bacteria. Many pesticides are extremely hazardous or dangerous, and
emit volatile organic compounds into the air during and after application.
Many fertilizers cause unwanted environmental side-effects.

By reducing or eliminating the need of fertilizers and pesticides,

Integrated Pest Management principles minimize the risks to human
health and the environment. This is accomplished by using native
drought and pest-resistant, slower-growing plants instead of planting
lawns that demand great quantities of water, fertilizers and pesticides.
Mulches are used to reduce weeds and pests and, by reducing
evaporation, decrease the need for watering. Watering may be further
reduced by conducting water audits to determine how much and where
water needs to be distributed.

Because all dangerous waste needs to be collected, stored, and recycled, treated or disposed appropriately, it
pays to reduce the generation of these wastes. Contact a hazardous waste firm to assist you in Ecology’s
Hazardous Waste Services Directory at http://www.ecy.wa.gov/apps/hwtr/hwsd/default.htm.

Q Compost yard wastes on- or off-site. Use compost and mulching for pest reduction.
Q Limit or eliminate copper-based root control products.
Q Follow state regulations for on-site daycares.
Q Avoid high-maintenance, pest-attracting, invasive, or non-native plant species. Use drought-tolerant,
slow-growing, native plants to reduce chemical and water use. Use a timed watering system during the
night; don’t use sprinklers during the day.
Q Don’t over-treat/use excessive amounts of pesticides to the point of runoff. Avoid mixing excess
fertilizer or pesticide material resulting in “leftovers.”
Q Use less-toxic products for pest control, post notices/flags at entrances and application sites. Implement
an Integrated Pest Management Plan. Identify and eliminate the causes of a pest population, rather than
just treating the symptom.
Q Establish preventive measures: coarse mulch for weed control, trim vegetation away from buildings,
mow grass to 2 inch height, etc.
Q Label waste pesticide name and storage date on containers. Clean and dispose of pesticide containers in
accordance with Appendix 1.
Q Clean up spills immediately and properly, and report them if necessary. Use secondary containment.
Q Dedicate equipment for compatible spraying. Don’t mix incompatible chemicals or rinse water. Use
container rinse water as make-up water for compatible pesticide spray solutions.
Q “The Label is the Law”—read pesticide labels carefully. Never mix materials which have labels
indicating they cannot be legally applied to the same site.
Q Protect outside environment from your operation’s pollutants; provide environmental protection and
waste reduction training to employees annually.
Q Keep disposal records on-site for five years.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-25

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in the Grounds Keeping Department
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?

Q •
R Municipal solid
waste Q
Packaging
Disposable items •
Request less packaging
Use reusable totes/ containers
Recycle and reuse whenever possible. Manage pesticide
containers appropriately.

Q •
R Green waste Grounds maintenance Reduce waste by using IPM Compost green waste. See resource list in Appendices.

Q •
R Organophosphates,
chlorinated or heavy
Pesticides and
fertilizers for pest and
Use Integrated Pest
Management practices (see
Use pest-resistant and native species. Use organic
gardening methods. Use non-chemical/least toxic
metals, other weed control, ground resource list in Appendix 3) alternatives (Appendix 3). Minimize use of dangerous
chemicals maintenance waste chemicals. Follow special state regulations for on-
site daycare centers.

•
R Pressurized canisters
and containers
Q
Q
Sprayers
Pesticide containers
Use refillable containers
(always triple rinse before
Rinsates may designate as dangerous waste. Return
pressurized canisters or containers for refill or reuse to
using another product) distributor.
Q Fertilizer containers

•
R Contaminated
pesticide containers
Q
Q
Pesticides
Fertilizers •
Rinse/wash
Return for recycling
Dangerous waste: manage properly.

•
R Dangerous waste
contaminated
Q Drains, washing
equipment and cleaning
Use rinse water as part of
pesticide application
Avoid creating contaminate rinsewater. Reuse as make-
up water for compatible sprays. Contaminate
wastewater out containers wastewater can be a dangerous waste. Contact your
local POTW for disposal requirements.

Q •
R Air emissions Chemical pesticide
spraying or evaporation
Minimize use of volatile
organic pesticides
Avoid creating dust and don’t allow material to blow
around. Cover containers to avoid evaporation.

•
R Pesticide or fertilizers
contaminated storm
Q The application of
pesticides and fertilizers
Use pest resistant native
vegetation species that require
Do not allow runoff of pesticides and fertilizers.
Minimize the use of water pesticides and fertilizers by
drain runoff Q Vegetation watering less use of pesticides and using IPM and Xeriscape techniques.
watering

3-26
 Housekeeping and Facility Services
Housekeeping duties in a hospital involve a variety of techniques
and equipment to maintain surfaces such as floors, using strippers,
waxes, and cleaners. Housekeepers are also often in charge of
collecting, transporting, and overseeing the storage of all wastes
generated including solid, bio-hazardous, and dangerous wastes.
The operation of equipment which employs hydraulic fluids may
be involved as well. Many cleaning agents, disinfectants, and
detergents may contain formaldehyde or other toxic chemicals. It is
important employees learn how to work safely with the products
they use and how to use safer alternatives when available.

Waste (liquid, solid, or gaseous) generated must be evaluated to

determine whether it is dangerous (hazardous) waste, biomedical
waste, permitted, or allowed wastewater discharge, permitted air-
polluting emission, or municipal solid waste. Keep municipal solid, dangerous, and bio-hazardous wastes
separate. Dangerous waste cannot legally be thrown in the garbage, disposed down the drain, or evaporated
into the air. Because all dangerous waste needs to be collected, stored, and recycled, treated, or disposed
appropriately, it pays to reduce the generation of these wastes. To find a company that can assist you, see
Ecology’s Hazardous Waste Services Directory at http://www.ecy.wa.gov/apps/hwtr/hwsd/default.htm.

Q Keep items that can be recycled or that must be disposed of as a dangerous waste out of the
garbage/sewer/septic. Wastes and recyclables should be stored separately.

Q Segregate and store biomedical, solid, and dangerous wastes and recyclables. Segregate non-compatible
materials. Dangerous waste needs safe, clearly labeled containers with secondary containment.

Q Use only zinc-free floor waxes or strippers and tri-butyltin-free toilet cleaners, disinfection products, and
carpet and upholstery cleaners. See vendor list in Appendix 2.

Q Have spill preparedness procedures clearly posted, and spill cleanup materials and neutralizing agents
easily available at strategic locations. Provide spill-preparedness training for employees. Clean up
hazardous waste spills immediately and dispose properly. Have Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for
all chemicals available to staff. Don’t throw spilled dangerous or biomedical waste in the garbage.

Q Minimize packaging by buying chemicals in bulk, in concentrated form, to dilute at time of use.

Q Keep concentrated disinfectants out of sanitary sewer. Thoroughly neutralize cold sterilants before
discharge into drains/sewer.

Q Use less-toxic disinfectants. See vendor list in Appendix 2. Don’t use phenolic disinfectants unless
required for certain pathogens.

Q Maintain dangerous waste disposal records on-site for five years.

Q Use refillable, automatic soap and lotion dispensers, bulk containers for cleaning chemicals. Use air
hand-dryers instead of paper towels. Avoid using hand soaps with disinfectants (anti-microbial) unless
necessary—disinfectants become less effective when overused.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-27

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in Housekeeping and Facility Services Department
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?

Q
R Municipal solid waste
Q
Packaging
Disposable items
•
•
Request less packaging
Use vendor take-back programs
Recycle glass, cardboard, aluminum cans,
scrap wood and metal, etc., whenever
possible.

Q
R Mercury
Q
Fluorescent bulbs
Batteries
• Use rechargeable batteries, non-
mercury batteries
Universal waste: keep bulbs and lamps intact;
recycle. Clean up mercury spills properly and
Q keep spill kits readily available. See Appendix
Monitor devices • Use low-mercury, green tip
2 for vendor alternative list.
Q Mop water from fluorescent bulbs
cleaning floors

Q
R Chemicals, waxes
Q
Cleaning
Disinfecting
• Eliminate strippers and waxes
containing zinc.
Use least-toxic products, avoid spills, prepare
only needed amount. Store in secondary
Q containment. Never discharge concentrated
Maintaining surfaces • See vendor list in Appendix 2
disinfectant into sewer.
for alternatives.

Q
R Pesticides Pest control • IPM (see resource list in
Appendices)
Use non-chemical pest control.

Q
R Glutaraldehyde Cidex,
Glutarex, Sonacide Phenolic Q
Cold sterilization
Preservation
• Consider quaternary amine
disinfectants, Cidex OPA,
Avoid glutaraldehyde (inhalant hazard) use;
use ventilation hood and personal protective
disinfectants Q Disinfection peracitic acid gear. Never discharge into septic. Neutralize
and discharge to sewer.

Q
R Tributyltin (chloride,
neoeconate, bis tributyltin
Mildew control in
shampoos, lavatory and
• See vendor list in Appendix 2 Pesticide wastes are dangerous wastes.

oxide, benzoate, etc.) germicidal cleaners

Q
R Hospital generated
dangerous waste
Determine generator
status (Appendix 1)
• See Appendix 2 for list of
vendor alternatives
Hospital-wide dangerous waste generation
counts taken monthly.

Q
R Biomedical wastes Body fluid, parts or
tissue
• Separate solid waste from bio-
hazardous
Great cost savings can be achieved by
separating wastes.
Q Body fluid saturated

3-28
 Incineration/Boilers
Biomedical waste including pathological waste, waste contaminated
with trace amounts of chemotherapy products and sharps are likely
candidates for incineration. Incineration of hospital municipal solid
waste is also a concern for good reason: PVC plastics make up a large
part of the hospital’s waste stream, and are converted to toxic dioxins
when burned. Improper incineration temperatures and incineration of
mercury-containing wastes are other air pollution concerns.

Your hospital is responsible for how its waste is managed and disposed.
Take dioxin and mercury emission concerns into account when
managing waste incineration on-site. To reduce toxic air emissions,
incinerate only required bio-hazardous wastes and attempt to use non-
combustion methods such as autoclaves and microwaves for the rest of
the biomedical waste. Always use proper waste segregation methods to
decrease contaminants being emitted to the environment.

Boiler air emissions are also a concern. Follow the new source performance standards for operation
requirements for industrial boilers. Store and manage boiler treatment chemicals, keeping
incompatibles separated and stored in secondary containment. Boilers, fuel tanks, and back-up
generators also need to be registered with the local air authority or Department of Ecology.

The following section provides information on proper waste management and possible alternatives for
using less-toxic products and reducing the generation of certain wastes.

Q Monitor air emissions (i.e., dioxins, mercury, and cadmium) and hazardous substances
(formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, etc.) with inhalation concerns used for disinfection (i.e.,
autoclaves, incinerators).
Q Regulate PM10 (particulate), nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxides from new boilers. Use
scrubbers/filters to keep nitrogen oxide and sulfur dioxide from boilers out of the atmosphere.
Don’t release air emissions and residual wastes into the environment until properly removed or
treated.
Q Replace incinerators with alternative types of equipment for sterilization of biomedical wastes.
Q Keep metals and suspended solid waste from incinerators out of the public sewer system.
Q Ensure that all hazardous waste containers are closed, clearly labeled, and stored properly with
secondary containment.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-29

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in Hospital Incinerators and Boilers
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?

Q
R Municipal solid
waste Q
Packaging
Disposable items
•
•
Recycle
Request less packaging
Follow hauler’s waste separation specifications.

Q
R Biomedical waste
incineration Q
Pathological waste
Chemotherapy
• Consider non-combustion
methods (autoclaves and
Store biomedical waste in non-cadmium “red bags;”
never throw them in the garbage.
substances microwaves)
Q Contaminated waste
Q Sharps

Q
R PVC (gas dioxins) Incineration • See vendor list in Appendix 2 Use non-PVC products. Don’t incinerate on-site.

Q
R Cadmium
Q
Pigment/colorant
Incineration
• Use cadmium-free red bags Use of cadmium-free red bags.

Q
R Formaldehyde used
as a tissue fixative
Incinerator emissions •
•
Don’t incinerate.
Use alternative fixatives
See vendor list in Appendix 2. Direct all departments
to separate formaldehyde and neutralize or dispose as
a dangerous waste.

Q
R Dangerous and
biomedical waste
Sewer disposal • See vendor list of safer
alternatives in Appendix 2
Do not pour dangerous or bio-hazardous wastes into
the sewer system. Contact your local wastewater
being discharged in facility for local regulations. Implement condensing
the sewer system hot water boilers.

Q
R Hydrochloric acid,
dioxin/furan, lead,
Air emissions • Non-combustion equipment
such as autoclaves, or
Incinerate only those bio-hazardous substances that
are required to be incinerated. Use other disposal
cadmium, mercury microwave treatment methods for other bio-hazardous waste.

3-30
 Inpatient Care Services
Surgical, orthopedic, neurology, urology, cardiac, psychiatric/behavioral
health, geriatric, palliative care, maternal/child care (labor &
delivery/birthing, postpartum care, and nursery), pediatrics, and
rehabilitative care are all part of inpatient care services. Services such as
dialysis and oncology may be administered in this department as well.

Wastes of concern involved with these services include high-level

disinfectants, sterilants, cleaners, dangerous waste pharmaceuticals, and
mercury-containing devices (thermometers, sphygmomanometers,
Cantor tubes, etc.), biohazard wastes (mainly from sharps), and
municipal solid waste. Residuals from these preparations may include
contaminated vials, bottles, syringes, IV bags, packaging, and personal
protective equipment.

The following section provides information on proper waste management, less-toxic alternatives, and
reducing the generation of certain wastes.

Q Use a system to collect “soft” trace chemotherapy wastes in biomedical bags and “sharp” trace
chemotherapy wastes in rigid, leak-proof containers (must be labeled “for incineration only” at
time of generation).
Q Replace all plastic tubing and vinyl bags containing DEHP (PVC) with tubes that are DEHP-free.
Q Store radionuclide waste properly for the designated time period to allow for proper decay to non-
hazardous levels, then dispose of properly—not into the trash.
Q Collect all reverse osmosis system and dialysis equipment disinfection waste containing
formaldehyde, and dispose of as dangerous waste.
Q Keep chemiclaves, etc. covered.
Q Recycle old lead shields as dangerous waste.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-31

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in Inpatient Care Services
Hazardous wastes and substances often Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
found in this department
Use or Manage?

Q •
R Biomedical waste
Q
Blood, body fluids
Specimens
Reduce volumes by segregating
out solid waste
Store in biomedical “red bags.”
Separate sharps into a puncture-
Q Sharps resistant, clearly labeled container.

Q •
R Dangerous waste
pharmaceuticals and chemo
Medical procedures
(epinephrine)
See list of dangerous waste
pharmaceuticals in Appendix 1
Label/store according to requirements.
Segregate non-compatible materials.

Q •
R Mercury
Q
Fluorescent bulbs
Mercury batteries/switches •
Use low-mercury bulbs
Mercury-free batteries/switches
Universal wastes, see fact sheet in
Appendix 1.

Q •
R Mercury-containing devices
Q
Thermometers
Sphygmomanometers •
Use digital devices
Air or water, or Tungsten-filled
Dangerous waste, keep separate from
other types of dangerous waste. Hurst
Q Cantor/Miller-Abbot tubing GI tubing and Malone have GI tubing that is
Q Other devices • Alcohol thermometers mercury and PVC free (Appendix 2).

Q •
R Cleaning solutions and
high-level disinfectants Q
Sanitizing
Disinfecting
Acetic acid, peracetic acid and
hydrogen peroxide
Do not use halogenated hydrocarbon
solvents. Never release into the septic
(glutaraldehyde, • Aqueous reagents and alcohols system. Consider sonic rather than
formaldehyde) chemical sterilization. Neutralize
aldehydes prior to disposal in sewer.

Q •
R Chemicals used in
leatherwork /plastic-casting
Rehabilitation/prosthesis
devices product settings
Minimize the amount of
dangerous waste generated
Evaluate wastes to determine if they
designate as dangerous wastes.

Q •
R Air emissions Sterilization and disinfection Consider sonic sterilization Use local exhaust ventilation. Use
personal protective equipment.

Q
R Radionuclides (Nuclear
medicine) Q
Tritium
Iodine-125
• Use less-radioactive isotopes Hold radionuclides in a safe place until
they are considered non-radioactive,
Q Carbon-14 then dispose of the remaining material.

Q
R Lead Lead radiation shields • See vendor list for alternatives
(Appendix 2)
Make sure old lead shields are recycled
or disposed as dangerous waste.

3-32
 Kidney Dialysis Department
The Kidney Dialysis Department generates wastes such as
biohazardous, hazardous and municipal solid waste. Staff in this
department need to determine the proper management and disposal
methods for all their wastes. The following section provides
information on proper waste management and possible alternatives for
using less-toxic products and reducing the generation of certain wastes.

Large quantities of liquid biohazardous wastes such as blood and other

bodily fluids, are generated during hemodialysis. These wastes need to
be collected and disposed as biohazardous waste. The equipment used
requires water treatment and high-level disinfectants. Formaldehyde,
glutaraldehyde, and phenols are used for disinfection. Often, a dilute
bleach solution, acetic acid, peracetic acid, and hydrogen peroxide-
based disinfectant solutions including Sporox or Cidex OPA may be
used instead. Central sterilization is highly recommended.

Q Collect all waste from reverse osmosis and dialysis equipment. Neutralize or dispose as dangerous
waste.

Q Manage glutaraldehyde and other high-level disinfectants properly. Keep away from drains.

Q Find ways to reduce formaldehyde use such as reverse osmosis equipment and reusing redistilled
solutions. Keep liquid waste out of the drain or sink.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-33

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in the Kidney Dialysis Department
Hazardous wastes and Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
substances often found in this
department
Use or Manage?

Q •
R Municipal solid
waste Q
Packaging
Disposable, single use •
Request less packaging
Use reusable totes, recycle
Recycle; minimize use of hard-to-recycle plastics and
glass. Follow hauler’s waste separation specifications.
items Purchase in bulk.

Q •
R Biomedical waste
Q
Blood, body fluids
Sharps
Separate solid waste from
biomedical waste
Make sure waste meets standards to reduce total
volume. Store in biomedical “red bags.” Separate
sharps into a puncture-resistant, clearly labeled
container.

Q •
R Dangerous waste
pharmaceuticals
Patient care
•
Send back to manufacturer
Use reverse distribution
Dangerous waste: Label/store according to
requirements.

Q •
R Mercury
Q
Thermometers
Sphygmomanometers •
Use digital equipment
Low- or non-mercury bulbs and
Dangerous waste: keep separate from other types of
hazardous waste. Don’t handle with your bare hands.
Q Other monitoring devices batteries Know the location of the nearest mercury spill kit.
Q Fluorescent bulbs • Non-mercury cleaning agents
Q Batteries • Alcohol thermometers

Q •
R Glutaraldehyde,
formalin, Q
Cold sterilization
Disinfection
Alternative sterilization
equipment
Use other chemicals or processes to avoid using
glutaraldehyde (e.g., reverse osmosis equipment,
formaldehyde, • Bleach, acetic acid, peracetic recycle/reuse solution). Enclose operation areas. Use
cleaning solutions acid or hydrogen peroxide local exhaust ventilation. Hand and store properly.
• Neutralize with deactivation Use personal protective equipment. You cannot
compound legally dilute to meet discharge limits. Dilution is not
an allowed treatment method. Only discharge to
sewer if meets local limit of 1% or less.

Q •
R Wastewater
containing dangerous Q
Patient care
Disinfection
See vendor lists in Appendix 2 Don’t dispose dangerous waste into the sewer.
Contact your local public wastewater facility for
waste regulations for your area.

3-34
 Laboratory Services: Testing, Pathology & Histology
Laboratory testing involves many different processes which generate
dangerous waste such as halogenated hydrocarbon-containing
solvents, xylene, alcohols, formalin, disinfectants, mercury-containing
chemicals and devices, stains and other hazardous substances.

If nuclear/radioactive wastes are retained on-site, they must be

maintained properly until they decay to a non-hazardous level, and
disposed as dangerous waste, if necessary. When sharps are included
with the material, maintain the material until proper decay level has
occurred, then dispose of as a biomedical waste.

The following section provides information on proper waste

management and alternatives for using less-toxic products and
reducing the generation of certain wastes.

Q Avoid using chromic acid solutions for cleaning glassware.

Rinsate is dangerous waste.

Q Manage mercury-containing histology fixatives, B5, Zenker’s solution, ion-selective electrode

chloride analysis, and stains as dangerous waste.

Q Don’t dispose of specimens prepared in formaldehyde or metal-containing fixatives in a sink.

Q Dispose of wastes from cell culture and stains as biomedical/infectious waste unless approved to
discharge to your wastewater treatment facility.

Q Don’t dispose of: - microbiological or xylene waste generated from cleaning slides, solvents used
for thin-layer or gas chromatography (i.e., chloroform, methylene chloride, etc.), waste from the
titrametric analysis of chloride in sweat, copper or chromium reagents used in protein, stool, or
albumin testing down the drain or into the trash. Dispose of as dangerous waste.

Q Don’t use Bouin’s solution, seek alternative.

Q Store radionuclides in a safe place for the designated time period for proper decay to non-
hazardous levels, then dispose of properly as dangerous waste. Never dispose of radionuclides in
the trash. Dispose of dangerous waste generated by atomic absorption spectrophotometer analysis
properly.

Q Store all staining supplies in a secure storage area and dispose of as dangerous waste.

Q Dispose/recycle cathode tubes, bubbler traps and other mercury-containing devices as dangerous
waste or universal waste, never into the regular trash.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-35

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in Laboratory Services
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?

Q •
R Municipal solid waste Packaging Request less packaging from
suppliers
Follow hauler’s waste separation
specifications. Purchase in bulk.
• Minimize use of hard-to-
recycle plastics and glass

Q •
R Mixed biomedical waste Preserved tissue specimens Reduce by separating solid and
biohazardous waste
Dispose of as required by law. Keep sharps
separate.

Q •
R Chemical wastes:
alcohols, xylene, toluene,
Laboratory testing and cleaning Use premixed testing kits
involving solvent fixation, non-
Dangerous waste. Never dispose of
chemicals to a septic system. Recycle
n-butyl acetone, picric halogenated compounds, xylene, formaldehyde, alcohol and acetone.
acid, acids and bases, simple alcohols or ketones, Reuse or recover solvents through
phenols and other aqueous reagents (Alconox), distillation. Consider sonic sterilization
dangerous waste replace xylene with Histosolve. instead of chemical sterilization.

•
R Mercury Q
Q
Calibration manometer
Thermometers •
Use digital equipment
Alcohol thermometers (see
Recycle mercury or dispose as dangerous
waste.
vendor information in
Q Incubators
Appendix 2)

•
R Mercury Q
Q
Fluorescent bulbs
Mercury switches
Use low-mercury bulbs (T-5, T-
8) and mercury-free batteries
Universal waste. See fact sheet in Appendix
1.
and switches
Q Batteries

•
R Mercury, mercuric
nitrate, sulfate or oxide;
Q Zenker’s, B-5 solution, tissue
fixatives and process chemicals
Use mercury-free fixatives and
other chemicals (see vendor
Dangerous waste. Don’t dispose of
chemicals or testing wastes down the drain
sodium iodate, silver (formalin, still bottoms), filter paper, information on less-toxic or in the trash. Many chemicals contain
nitrate, copper sulfate, B-5 recovery supernatant, rinsate, alternatives in Appendix 2) minute amounts of mercury, but don’t list it
Zenker’s, B-5 and Helley’s alcohol, pigment removal waste, as an ingredient. Please contact supplier
fixative: zinc formalin section shavings, and tissue blocks and request mercury-free products.

Q •
R Chromic acid Cleaning glassware See vendor list for alternatives
in Appendix 2
Dispose as dangerous waste.

3-36
 Laundry and Linen Services
Hospitals that provide laundry services on-site may have
concerns, such as water and energy use, wastewater discharges,
boiler chemical use, industrial detergents, disinfectants, chemicals,
metals, and biomedical wastes.

Q Purchase the most energy-efficient equipment available.

Q Re-use and recycle. Use reusable surgical and patient gowns,

diapers, coveralls, drapes, mattress pads instead of disposable
items when available.
Q Keep wastes and recyclables separate. Don’t mix waste materials into linens for disposal.
Q Keep hazardous material (thermometers, rags used to clean up chemical spills, etc.) out of laundry.
Avoid chlorinated solvents/cleaners/degreasers, and products that contain toxic substances like
mercury, zinc, chromium, and tri-butyl tin.
Q Reuse gray water and use water-efficient equipment (e.g., tunnel washers, other automated systems) to
reduce water use.
Q Seek methods to dissolve wastes in the pre-soak stage of washing. Eliminate excessive amounts of
grease and oil from wastewater.
Q Pre-treat wastewater—through equalization, coagulation/flocculation, dissolved air floatation,
micro/ultra filtration clarification, or oil/water separator if possible—if it contains significant amounts of
metals and/or organics. Don’t discharge wastewater into any drain, sewer, or septic tank unless it meets
local standards.
Q Don’t discharge laundering/cleaning chemicals down any drain or sewer without approval from your
treatment facility. Contact your local publicly-owned wastewater treatment facility for regulations.
Q Conserve water wherever possible.
Q Don’t discharge wastewater to the ground.
Q Store chemicals within secondary containment, away from floor/sink drains. Keep incompatible
substances separate, plug floor drains in areas where hazardous chemicals are stored, and clearly
chemical wastes properly.
Q Use solvents as long as possible before disposal and never dispose into sewer or storm drains. Don’t
dispose of solvents before “their time.”
Q Replace mercury-containing switches, thermostats, and other equipment/devices, with non-mercury
switches and devices. Don’t purchase equipment with mercury-containing devices. Remove mercury
buildup from sewer pipes, sumps, and sink traps. Mercury waste is a dangerous waste. Mercury can be
recycled.
Q Keep MSDSs and spill kits readily available. Have a spill plan and train your staff. Clean up spilled
materials and neutralizing agents immediately, report spills as required.
Q Prepare just enough cleaning chemicals to get the job done. Use automated chemical measuring systems
whenever possible.
Q Maintain all disposal records on-site for five years.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-37

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in the Laundry and Linen Services Department
Hazardous wastes and Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
substances often found in this
department
Use or Manage?

Q •
R Municipal solid
waste Q
Packaging
Disposable items
Request less packaging Recycle and reduce packaging. Use reuseable
totes/containers when possible.

Q •
R Solvents, decalcifiers,
degreasers, Q
Cleaning
Disinfecting
Use least-toxic chemicals
whenever possible
Only use non-chlorinated solvents, recycle, consider
automated bleach pump to machines to prevent
disinfectants, bleach, Q Decalcifying spillage, use most dilute form hydrogen peroxide.
hydrogen peroxide

Q •
R Mercury Temperature control and
monitoring devices and •
Use digital equipment
See vendor lists in Appendix 2
Mercury is dangerous waste. Recycle. Replace all
mercury-containing devices with non-mercury
switches devices. Be sure wastewater meets local POTW
Q Bleach standards.
Q Sodium hydroxide

Q •
R Water usage and
wastewater
Cleaning linens Use energy and water
conserving equipment
Make efforts to reduce wastewater. Conserve by
recycling gray water and purchase water efficient
discharges • See vendor lists in Appendix 2 equipment (tunnel washers and other automated
systems).

Q •
R Dangerous waste
contaminated Q
Disinfectants
Cleaners •
Use less-toxic products
See vendor lists in Appendix 2
No dangerous waste can be disposed down the drain.
Check with your local POTW about discharge limits
wastewater Q Detergents for your area.

Q •
R Dry cleaning solvents
(PERC)
Air emissions Use non-solvent dry cleaning
methods
Most dry cleaning solvents and filters are dangerous
waste.

Q •
R Electronics and
electrical equipment
Computers and other
equipment •
Recycle
See vendor lists in Appendix 2
Dangerous waste if not recycled. Use a reputable
company for recycling.

3-38
 Maintenance
Maintenance services includes water treatment systems
management, collecting dangerous, biomedical, and
solid waste; maintaining equipment and facilities, and
janitorial services. Many of these services generate
wastes. Maintenance services may generate solvents,
degreasers, paints, boiler water treatment chemicals,
CFC’s, mercury-containing devices and lighting, PCB-
containing ballasts, batteries, flammable products, and
other hazardous substances and dangerous wastes.

Encourage recycling of paper, glass, aluminum cans, cardboard, plastics, computers and other
equipment, furniture, printer, and copier cartridges, kitchen grease, wood waste, and scrap metals.
Improving waste segregation systems can increase recycling, reduce solid and biomedical waste, and
save money.

Dangerous waste cannot legally be thrown in the garbage, disposed down the drain, or evaporated
into the air. Wherever possible, replace hazardous substances with less-toxic alternatives. See less-
toxic vendor lists in Appendix 2.

Q Re-use solvents as long as possible before disposal and never dispose into sewer or storm drains.

Q Keep a current chemical inventory system.

Q Keep oil, grease, sludge out of drains or sewer.

Q Properly store ion exchange resin and reverse osmosis treatment system chemicals, separate acids
and bases. Use secondary containment, plug drains.

Q Don’t use electrolysis to introduce chromium, tributyltin, copper and silver into water disinfection.
Wastewater ends up metal-loaded.

Q Either replace water vacuum pumps with non-water systems, or use mechanical pumps without
water seals (water seals cause solvents to be carried out with the waste water).

Q Don’t use water aspirators, single-pass cooling water, or seal water for vacuum pumps -replace
with re-circulating systems.

Q Use corrosion-prevention measures for your re-circulating hot water system.

Q Remove mercury buildup from sewer pipes, sumps, and sink traps.

Q Save money and reduce municipal solid waste by recycling metals, paper, cardboard, plastic and
glass.
Q Waste oil from vacuum pups and lubricants can be re-refined. Don’t mix solvents in waste oil.

Q Be sure air emissions from HVAC systems, boilers and fueling meet local standards.

Q Waste generated hospital-wide will determine your generator status monthly. Complete hospital-
wide dangerous waste generation counts.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-39

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in the Maintenance Department
Hazardous wastes and substances often Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
found in this department
Use or Manage?

Q
R Mercury Thermometers, lamps,
switches, batteries
• Use digital equipment
whenever possible
Eliminate mercury-containing devices.
Recycle or dispose of as dangerous waste.
Q Barometers, pressure • Use non-mercury devices
gauges, thermostats
• See vendor lists in Appendix 2
Q Traps, bubblers, seals

Q
R Solvents, paints, turpentine,
strippers, oils, decalcifiers, Q
Cleaning
Painting
•
•
EcoSafe
BioKleen
Don’t use chlorinated products. Use
reusable or recyclable tote drums. Manage
disinfectants, hydraulic Q Pest Management used oils, sludges, and other dangerous
fluids, pesticides • See vendor lists in Appendix 2 wastes appropriately.

Q
R Solvents Cleaning • Use aqueous or non-chlorinated
solvents. See vendor list.
Segregate solvent wastes, distill, reuse or
dispose as dangerous waste.

Q
R Caustics, ions, cat ions
Q
Boilers
Water treatment
• Use ozonation or filtration
systems
Segregate reactive and incompatible
chemicals.

Q
R Disinfectants, sulfuric acid,
sodium hydroxide
Water treatment
systems
• Use sodium hypochlorite
systems, bomine, peracetic acid
Waste treatment chemicals may be
dangerous waste.

Q
R Batteries: mercury, lead,
acid, cadmium and nickel Q
Pagers
Cell phones
• Rechargeable, lithium, zinc air,
or alkaline batteries
Recycle or dispose as dangerous or
universal waste.

Q
R Metals Cooling tower sludges
and sediments
• Eliminate single-pass systems. Determine if sludges are a dangerous waste.

Q
R Acids, caustics, pesticides Janitorial supplies • See vendor lists in Appendix 2 Dangerous waste; neutralize acids/bases.

Q
R Biomedical/infectious
wastes
Body fluid saturated
materials
• Separate solid wastes from
biomedical
Great cost savings can be achieved by
separating wastes.
Q Specimens/tissue

Q
R Pesticides Pest control • Use IPM methods See vendor lists in Appendix 2.

3-40
 Hospital Morgue Services
The chemicals of concern within this area include
formalin, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, and other high-
level disinfectants and preservatives, solid (SW) and
biomedical waste (BW) and mercury. Formaldehyde and
glutaraldehyde may be recycled as dangerous waste or
neutralized. See vendor lists in Appendix 2 for
substitutes and neutralizers. If your hospital does not
already have central sterilization please consider having a
central sterile department. It will reduce costs and the
use of sterilants and high-level disinfectants used in the
hospital.

Your department needs to determine the proper disposal methods for all wastes. The following section
provides information on proper waste management and possible alternatives for using less-toxic
products and reducing the generation of certain wastes.

Q Keep chemiclaves closed—never allow them to remain open.

Q Tissue samples preserved in formalin need to be separated and properly managed for disposal.

Q Mercury, found in various equipment and cleaning agents within the facility such as thermometers,
batteries and lighting, is extremely toxic even in small amounts and must be disposed of as
hazardous waste.

Q Donate items that are no longer used at the hospital but are still usable by others.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-41

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in Hospital Morgue Services
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?

Q •
R Municipal solid
waste
Packaging
•
Request less packaging
Recycle
Minimize the use of hard to recycle plastics and glass.
Follow hauler’s waste separation specifications.
• Purchase in bulk

Q •
R Biomedical waste
Q
Body preparation wastes
Sharps
Separate solid waste from
biomedical waste
Store in red bags or hard containers (sharps) and dispose
of when full to the appropriate waste hauler.

Q •
R Formaldehyde
Q
Tissue preservation
Embalming
Neutralize prior to
discharging to sewer
Mixed waste (formaldehyde and tissue) needs to be
separated, disinfected and disposed as dangerous waste.

•
R Glutaraldehyde,
formaldehyde,
Q Used in chemiclave Use autoclaves or sonic
sterilization
Dangerous waste; never discharge into septic system.
Use proper ventilation. Cidex OPA is not recommended
xylene and alcohols • Neutralize aldehydes prior as a substitute in chemiclaves. Consider sonic
to sewer disposal sterilization instead of chemical.

•
R Glutaraldehyde Q Cold sterilization Cidex OPA, Sporox,
Metrex Compliance, other
Use gloves or PPE. Use proper ventilation. Never
discharge into septic systems. Can be detoxified and
similar products discharged to a treatment plant.

•
R Mercury Q
Q
Thermometers
Barometers •
Digital equipment
Alcohol thermometers
Mercury may be recycled as universal waste or handled
as dangerous waste.

Q •
R Mercury
Q
Fluorescent bulbs
Mercury switches
Use low-mercury bulbs (T-
5, T-8)
Universal waste (see fact sheet in Appendices).

Q Batteries • Use mercury-free switches

and batteries

•
R Dangerous waste Q Wastewater See vendor list in
Appendix 2
Don’t dispose dangerous or bio-hazardous waste into the
sewer system. Contact your local wastewater facility for
exact regulations for your area.

3-42
 Nuclear Medicine
Various radionuclides are used in Nuclear Medicine for a
variety of processes and need to be managed with care until
they are at safe enough radioactive levels for disposal. It is
important to know how they must be managed.

The most common radionuclides used at hospitals include

tritium, iodine-125, and carbon-14. Be sure you are
maintaining those radionuclides stored on-site properly until
they decay to a non-hazardous level. This includes short-
lived radioactive waste.

Low-level radioactive waste storage containers need to have labeling clearly stating the isotope and its
form, the volume, laboratory origin, activity, and chemical composition. Use central processing if
possible. Have long-lived radioactive waste removed to an off-site location for proper storage and
decay. When the material is considered non-radioactive, properly dispose the waste. Determine if it
designates according to the Dangerous Waste Regulations.

When biomedical waste such as sharps are included with the material, maintain the material until
proper decay level has occurred, then dispose of as biomedical waste. Use less hazardous isotopes
whenever possible. Because radioactive waste cannot be treated or neutralized, source reduction and
substitution are the main strategies to minimize such wastes.

Your department needs to determine the proper disposal methods for all wastes. The following section
provides information on proper waste management and possible alternatives for using less-toxic
products and reducing the generation of certain wastes.

Q Use less hazardous isotopes whenever possible.

Q Keep radionuclides out of the trash.

Q Investigate nuclear byproduct materials’ proper handling requirements from the Nuclear
Regulatory Commission (NRC).

Q Properly segregate label and store radioactive wastes. Isolate wastes for the designated time
period to allow for proper decay and dispose properly.

Q Determine if the remaining properly decayed waste is regulated as a dangerous waste. Make sure
it is properly stored and disposed.

Q Remember to monitor radioactivity on a regular basis while radionuclides are in storage.

Q Update log books monitoring radioactive decay on a routine basis.

Q Properly manage dangerous waste that is also biomedical. Disinfect, then decay radioactive
materials, then dispose as a dangerous waste.

Q Use silver recovery equipment or have reclaimed off-site. Never dispose of photochemical wastes,
including silver-bearing, down the drain.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-43

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in Nuclear Medicine
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?

Q
R Municipal solid waste
Q
Packaging
Disposable items
• Recycle metals, paper,
cardboard, plastic and glass
Recycle and minimize use of hard-to-recycle
plastics and glass. Follow hauler’s waste
Q separation specifications. Purchase in bulk.
Single-use items • Request less packaging

Q
R Radionuclides
Q
Tracers
Diagnostic
• Use less radioactive isotopes
whenever possible
Isolate radionuclides until considered non-
radioactive; properly dispose of remaining
Q Treatment procedure material. Replace iridium-192 and cesium-
137 with radium-226.

Q
R Wastewater
contaminated with Q
Chemicals
Solvents and disinfectants
• See list of less-toxic alternatives
in Appendix 2
Do not dispose dangerous waste into the
sewer system. Contact your local
dangerous waste disposed in drains wastewater facility for exact regulations for
your area.

Q
R Biomedical waste
Q
Sharps
Blood/bodily fluid
• Separate solid and biomedical
wastes
Store in a non-breakable, sealable, sturdy
container; dispose of appropriately when
saturated materials full.

Q
R Glutaraldehyde and other
high-level disinfectants Q
Disinfection
Sterilization
• Hydrogen peroxide, peracetic
acid, acetic acid (Sporox, Cidex,
Label and store according to requirements.
Segregate non-compatible materials. Never
Steris 20, Sterrad 50 and store over sink. MSDS should be readily
Sterrand 100S, Sterilox 2501, available.
Metrex Compliance)

Q
R Radioactive contaminated
personal protective
Personal protective
clothing
• See vendor information in
Appendix 2
A new line of biodegradable product
engineered specifically for the nuclear
clothing Q Cloths and sheeting industry called Orex is available. After
treatment (decay), Orex products may be
disposed down the drain.

Q
R Silver Imaging • Use digital imaging Silver-bearing waste can be recycled or
disposed as dangerous waste.

3-44
 Oncology Services
Oncology services include the administration of chemotherapy
medications. It is important to know how to manage wastes
generated when preparing and administering chemotherapy
medication and disinfecting equipment. Evaluate all wastes to
determine if they are dangerous waste. Many wastes from
chemotherapy pharmaceuticals, mercury-containing devices,
disinfectants, and sterilants are dangerous waste (DW).

The following section provides information on proper waste

management and possible alternatives for using less-toxic products
and reducing the generation of certain wastes.

Q Place residuals from chemotherapy medication preparation in

either the “bulk” or “trace” categories and dispose of each type
according to guidelines.

Q Segregate chemotherapy medication residuals from other, non-

chemotherapy dangerous wastes.

Q Use preformulated/premixed chemotherapy drugs whenever possible to avoid excess.

Q Keep radionuclides, chemotherapy contaminated clothing, gloves, etc. out of the regular trash.

Q Use cadmium-free red bags for biomedical waste. Educate staff about proper segregation of
biomedical waste (only trace, not bulk, chemotherapy drugs can be placed in biomedical waste
containers).

Q Isolate, segregate, label and store radioactive wastes properly for the amount of time needed to
decay to non-hazardous levels. Dispose properly.

Q Determine whether nuclear byproduct materials generated are regulated by the Nuclear Regulatory
Committee (NRC) or state agencies. Follow the regulations.

Q Reduce biomedical waste (blood, bodily fluids, sharps) by separating from solid waste. Store in
biomedical red bags. Separate sharps into a puncture-resistant, clearly-labeled container.

Q Avoid the use and disposal of pharmaceuticals from medical procedures that are dangerous waste,
such as epinephrine. Label and store according to requirements. Segregate incompatible materials.

Q Waste water contaminated with dangerous waste can contain solvents, disinfectants,
pharmaceuticals and chemotherapy wastes. Keep untreated dangerous and/or biohazardous
waste out of the sewer system. Contact your local water treatment facility for regulations in your
area.

Q Use sanitizing, disinfecting and sterilizing chemicals (such as formaldehyde, glutataldehyde, or

chlorine) in well-ventilated areas. Airborne emissions are regulated by WISHA/OSHA.

Q Releasing dangerous wastes into the sewer is illegal except for NPDES-permitted facilities. Always
check local requirements.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-45

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in the Oncology Services Department
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?

Q
R Municipal solid waste
Q
Packaging
Single-use items
•
•
Request less packaging
Use reusable totes
Recycle/minimize the use of hard-to-recycle
plastics and glass. Follow hauler’s waste
separation specifications. Purchase in bulk.

Q
R Mercury
Q
Thermometers
Sphygmomanometers
•
•
Digital devices
Alcohol thermometers
Universal or dangerous waste. Segregate
from other types of dangerous waste. See
Q Other monitoring devices vendor list in Appendix 2 for alternatives.

Q
R Chemotherapy
dangerous waste Q
Trace chemo
Bulk chemo
• Use premixed chemo drugs to
reduce waste generated
Dispose of bulk chemo wastes as dangerous
waste. Trace chemo wastes can be disposed
as biomedical waste.

Q
R Radioisotopes Nuclear medicine • Use less hazardous isotopes Once considered non-radioactive, determine
if the waste is dangerous waste.

Q
R Glutaraldehyde,
formaldehyde, xylene Q
Cleaning and sanitizing
Disinfecting
• Sonic sterilization, acetic acid,
hydrogen peroxide, peracetic
Never release into the septic system.
Neutralize aldehydes or dispose as
Q Sterilizing acid, (Sporox, Cidex, Steris, dangerous waste. Keep MSDSs on hand
Sterrad, Sterilox) and available.

Q
R Lead Radiation shields • Use less-toxic alternatives. See
vendor list in Appendix 2
Make sure old lead shields are reused,
recycled or disposed as dangerous waste.

3-46
 Outpatient Care Services
Services in this area include surgery, diagnostics,
oncology, women’s health/gynecology, general
medicine, family practice, orthopedics, pulmonary,
allergy, urology, pediatrics and rehabilitative
services. There are several sources for the
generation of dangerous wastes, such as mercury-
containing devices, pharmaceuticals, sterilants,
disinfectants and chemotherapy wastes.

The following section provides information on

proper waste management and possible
alternatives for using less-toxic products and
reducing the generation of certain wastes.

Q Sharps need to be segregated from other biomedical wastes and stored in cadmium-free, sealed,
properly-labeled, puncture-resistant containers.

Q Pharmaceutical products should be collected and returned to the pharmacy.

Q Use a system to collect “soft” trace chemotherapy wastes in biomedical red bags and “sharp” trace
chemotherapy wastes in rigid, leak-proof biomedical containers.

Q Keep bulk chemotherapy waste out of biomedical bags. Bulk chemotherapy waste will designate as
a dangerous waste. Implement a management program to separate bulk chemo wastes from trace
chemo wastes. That way, most of the waste generated in chemotherapy administration areas can be
categorized as “trace” chemotherapy wastes, which can be packaged and disposed of with
biomedical waste. Residuals include contaminated vials, bottles, syringes, IV bags and tubing,
packaging, personal protective equipment and linens.

Q Use and provide non-metallic medications and shampoos, not selenium-containing shampoo unless
necessary.

Q Do not dilute waste water containing dangerous waste to meet discharge limits. Contact your local
POTW and follow their requirements.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-47

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in Outpatient Care Services
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?

Q
R Municipal solid waste
Q
Packaging
Single-use items
•
•
Request less packaging
Use reusable totes
Recycle. Follow hauler’s waste separation
specifications.

Q
R Mercury
Q
Fluorescent bulbs
Mercury switches
•
•
Low-mercury bulbs
Mercury-free switches and
Manage as universal wastes, see fact sheet in
Appendix 1.
Q Batteries batteries

Q
R Mercury
Q
Thermometers
Monitoring devices
•
•
Use digital equipment
Tungsten-filled G.I. tubing and
Mercury can be recycled or managed as
dangerous waste. Phase out mercury-
Q Miller-Abbot tubing containing devices or equipment. Hurst and
bougies
Malone have mercury/PVC-free tubing.

Q
R Chemotherapy and
antineoplastics
Patient treatment •
•
Reduce volumes used
Centralize chemo compounding
Use pre-made compounds.

Q
R Glutaraldehyde,
formaldehyde Q
Cleaning and sanitizing
Disinfecting
•
•
Recycle, reuse, autoclave
Microwave, electron beam
Never release into the septic system.
Neutralize aldehydes or dispose as
Q Sterilizing dangerous waste. Check with POTW. Use
• Gas plasma, hydrogen peroxide gloves, personal protection equipment and
Q Chemiclaves
1

proper ventilation.

Q
R Lead Autoclave indicator tape • Use non-lead autoclave tape Dangerous waste; dispose of properly.

Q
R Dangerous waste
pharmaceuticals
Patient medications
(cresols, lindane, mercury
•
•
Send back to manufacturer
Use reverse distributor
Dangerous waste; do not discharge to sewer.
See Ecology pharmaceutical fact sheet in
preservative) Appendix 1.

Q
R Ethylene oxide (EtO) Sterilization (heated) • Consider using steam or sonic
sterilization
Steris, Sterad, Sterilox

1
Cidex OPA is not recommended as a substitute in Chemiclaves.
3-48
 Pharmacy Services
Pharmacies may accumulate unused or expired
medications and chemicals which need to be
disposed of properly. Some pharmaceuticals and
other generated wastes may designate as
dangerous/ hazardous waste.

Many common waste pharmaceuticals are toxic,

ignitable, reactive, caustic, or state-only
dangerous wastes that include toxic and
persistent criteria wastes. Some common sources
of pharmaceutical wastes include: IV
preparation, compounding, spills/ breakage,
partially used vials and syringes, unused/
outdated preparations/pharmaceuticals, unused
repacks, chemo wastes, and patient medications.

Pharmacy services throughout a healthcare

facility generate large quantities of packaging,
insert paper, and waste plastics. Residual wastes, including dangerous waste, from
administration of pharmaceuticals to patients are also numerous.

„ Separate bulk from trace chemotherapy waste; use a system to collect trace chemotherapy
wastes in biomedical bags and “sharp” trace chemo wastes in rigid, labeled, leak-proof
containers. Manage bulk chemotherapy wastes as dangerous waste.

„ Use single-dose, not multiple-dose vials of chemotherapy drugs. Don’t purchase and
prepare chemotherapy drugs in excess when pre-formulated, pre-mixed preparations are
available.

„ Keep chemotherapy-contaminated clothing and gloves out the regular trash.

„ Establish an identification protocol for dangerous waste pharmaceuticals; manage them

properly and purchase least-toxic alternatives.

„ Work with radiation safety officer to establish protocols for radioactive waste decay and
find ways to minimize generation of radioactive wastes.

„ Maintain an ongoing inventory of pharmaceutical and chemical stores. Use first in – first
out system for pharmaceuticals. Don’t allow unused, outdated, or spoiled chemicals or
medications to sit on shelves. Inventory often and use take back programs.

„ Autoclave indicator tape is leaded and must be handled as dangerous waste.

„ Reuse or recycle electronic waste (such as computers) as dangerous waste.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-49

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in Hospital Pharmacy Departments
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?

Q
R Dangerous waste
generated hospital- Q
Compounding
Corrosives, reactives,
• See vendor list of less-toxic
substitutes in Appendix 2
Take monthly counts of hospital-
wide dangerous waste generation.
wide acids/bases and solvents

Q
R Dangerous waste
pharmaceuticals
Unused/outdated
medications, controlled
• Return to manufacturer before end
date or use reverse distribution
Inventory often. Use first in – first
out system. Pharmaceutical disposal
substances to garbage or sewer is not acceptable.

Q
R Chemotherapy and
antineoplastics
Patient treatment and wastes • N/A Reduce excess and centralize chemo
compounding locations. Use pre-
formulated compounds. Bulk chemo
wastes are dangerous wastes.

Q
R Mercury (thimerosal)
and mercury- Q
Pharmaceuticals
Mercurochrome, ophthalmic
• Use non-mercury-containing
medications, devices and
Hazardous waste. Collect, recycle,
reuse, or dispose of as dangerous or
containing items and products, nasal sprays, equipment universal waste.
monitoring devices vaccines, preservatives
Q Batteries, lamps, switches

Q
R Silver nitrate Burn medicines • Use alternative anti-bacterial
creams
Dispose silver concentrations of 5
ppm or more as dangerous waste.

Q
R Radionuclides Radioactive wastes • Decay waste Manage and dispose properly.

Q
R Selenium Dandruff shampoos • Apple cider vinegar rinse Minimize use of medicated shampoo.

Q
R Waste water with
dangerous waste
Drains, sinks • Recycle or dispose as dangerous
waste
Meet local limits for metals and other
wastes.

3-50
 Physical Therapy Services
If prosthetic devices are made on-site, leather-
working chemicals and plastics-molding chemicals
may be used. Mercury containing devices may also
be used. Biomedical waste such as sharps, blades,
forceps, and lancets may be generated if
debridement or treatment of burns or wounds takes
place. It is important for you to know how they
must be managed and disposed of properly. Be sure
that you are meeting all labeling, storage, and
disposal requirements.

„ Tanning chemicals and adhesives from plastic-molding and leather-making wastes may
need to be separated and disposed of as dangerous waste.

„ Disinfection can use highly toxic chemicals such as formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde.
Less toxic forms are available including acetic acid, peracetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and
simple alcohols and ketones. Central sterilization may be the best option.

„ All sharps or materials contaminated with blood or bodily fluids need to be disposed of as
biomedical waste.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-51

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in Hospital Physical Therapy Services Departments
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?

Q
R Municipal solid waste Packaging •
•
Purchase in bulk
Request less packaging
Recycle paper, cardboard, metals
(aluminum cans), glass, newspaper and
plastics. Follow hauler’s waste
separation specifications.

Q
R Dangerous waste
related to leatherwork, Q
Rehabilitation
Production of prosthesis
• See vendor list of less-toxic
substitutes in Appendix 2
Dangerous waste. Separate chemicals
appropriately while in storage.
plastic casting, etc. devices

Q
R Dangerous wastes Waste water • See vendor list of less-toxic
substitutes in Appendix 2
Do not pour dangerous or biomedical
wastes into the sewer system. Contact
your local waste water facility for the
regulations for your area.

Q
R Glutaraldehyde Cold sterilization • Cidex, OPA, Sporox, Metrex
Compliance or other similar
Use gloves or personal protective
equipment. Use proper ventilation.
product Never discharge into septic system.
Can be detoxified and discharged to a
treatment plant.

Q
R Mercury
Q
Thermometers
Barometers
• Digital equipment and
alcohol thermometers
Mercury can be recycled or handled as
dangerous waste.

Q
R Mercury
Q
Fluorescent bulbs
Mercury switches
•
•
Use low-mercury bulbs
Mercury-free switches
Dangerous or universal wastes – see
fact sheet in Appendix 1.
Q Batteries • Rechargeable batteries

Q
R Biomedical waste
Q
Sharps
Forceps
• Use source separation to
reduce waste
Place in cadmium-free puncture-
resistant clearly labeled container.
Q Blades and lancets

3-52
 Radiology Services
Radiology and X-ray services may generate
dangerous waste with the use of lead shields,
film processing (silver), and other activities. Film
and fixer from the developing processes will
contain silver.

Low-level radioactive wastes are generated as a

byproduct of radiopharmaceuticals,
radioimmunology, and nuclear medicine
administration procedures. Contaminated
materials may include solid wastes, biomedical
wastes, and dangerous wastes. These low-level radioactive wastes include clothing, cleaning
materials, medical tubes, swabs, injection needles, syringes, laboratory animal carcasses, and
tissues that came into contact with radioactivity.

Q Silver from the fixer waste can be reclaimed off-site or on-site by being passed through a filter
or silver recovery system. Recycle silver and film.
Q Biomedical waste, including sharps and blood-saturated materials need to be disposed in
puncture-resistant, leak proof (preferably cadmium-free) red bags and disposed of properly.
Q Use “dry” developing methods, switch to digital imaging.. Facilities that switched to PAX
systems and digital x-rays have reduced their pollution output of fixer/developer and silver.
Q Check with your local waste water treatment facility for requirements for developer and other
chemical discharges into the sewer.
Q Use low silver content film, implement an on- or off-site silver recovery program.
Q Recycle or handle fixer and other spent photographic waste as dangerous waste, don’t
discharge into sewer into the sewer or on-site septic system.
Q Identify lead-containing supplies and equipment and designate for reuse, recycling, or
dangerous waste disposal. Consider adapting lead shielding material for other uses within
Radiology. Consider lead-free aprons without vinyl coverings.
Q Keep spent developer, chromic acid, selenium-bearing solutions, and spent fixer separate, never
mix. Manage chromic acid solutions and waste water properly and seek less-toxic substitutes.
Q Use less-toxic developers and fixers. Extend fixing bath life, add ammonium thiosulfate, use an
acid stop bath prior to fixing bath, add acetic acid to keep pH low, and use squeegees. Use
closed-loop recirculation systems.
Q Store chemicals, film, and paper properly for longer shelf-life, and don’t throw photographic
film and paper into regular garbage —recycle it.
Q Keep fixer/developer tanks covered (fewer evaporation and oxidation problems). Never use
off-spec developer.
Q Designate radioactive wastes before disposal. Most need to be disposed of as dangerous waste.
Properly decay radioactive materials prior to disposal. Work with radiation safety officer to
establish protocols for radioactive waste decay. Minimize radioactive waste generation.
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-53
 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in Hospital Radiology Services Departments
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?

Q
R Municipal solid
waste Q
Packaging
Disposable, single-use
•
•
Request less packaging
Buy in bulk
Recycle paper, cardboard, metals and glass.

items
• Use durable items

Q
R Silver
Q
Spent x-ray fixer
Processor solution
•
•
Use digital systems
Collect/recycle on- or off-site
Use cation exchange, electrolytic recovery, steel wool
filtration for silver recovery. Recycle x-ray film.

Q
R Mercury
Q
Fluorescent bulbs
Mercury switches
•
•
Use low-mercury bulbs
Use non-mercury switches
Handle as dangerous or universal waste. See fact
sheet in Appendix 1.
Q Batteries and batteries

Q
R Mercury
Q
Thermometers
Sphygmomanometers
• Use digital equipment and
devices
Mercury can be recycled or disposed as dangerous
waste.
Q Monitoring devices • Use Anderson tubes

Q
R Chromium chromic
acid Q
X-ray developer
Glassware
• Use non-chromium tank
cleaners
Dangerous waste.

Q Tank cleaners • Use precharged slides or

Q Waste water silane.

Q
R Collodion ether Developing processes • Use less-toxic preservative Dangerous waste.

Q
R Selenium Toners • Use sodium selenate, not
cysteine broth
Replace with selenium-free version. Dangerous waste
– don’t discharge into sewer or septic tank.

Q
R Lead Shielding (aprons,
blocks)
• Use non-lead alternatives (see
vendor list in Appendix 2)
Recycle or dispose as dangerous waste.

Q
R Radioactive waste,
radionuclides Q
Tracers
Other diagnostic
• Use less-toxic radioactive
compounds with short half
Keep wastes in isolation until decay permits disposal.
Most decayed wastes are dangerous waste. Check
treatment procedures lives with Health Department to discharge to sewer.

3-54
 Respiratory Care Services
High level disinfectants and sterilants are used in this department.
Mercury-containing products and devices may also be used. Used
batteries may be generated. Proper management of pressurized
tanks such as oxygen is also a concern. Make sure all oxygen and
other tanks are secured. Send back empty and partially full tanks
and canisters to the distributor.

„ Use reusable endotracheal tubes rather than disposable ones.

„ Don’t use outdated equipment if leaks are a possibility.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-55

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in Hospital Respiratory Care Services Departments
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?

Q
R Municipal solid waste
Q
Packaging
Disposable items
•
•
Use reuseable totes
Ask for less packaging
Recycle cardboard, paper, metals, glass,
batteries, solvents, and lamps.

Q
R Biomedical waste
Q
Sharps
Blood and/or bodily fluid-
• Reduce and separate solid
waste from biomedical
Store in biomedical “red bags.”
Separate sharps into a puncture-
soaked materials waste resistant, clearly-labeled container.
Send to a biomedical waste-accepting
facility.

Q
R Dangerous waste
pharmaceuticals
Patient medication (cresols,
Lindane, Hg preservatives)
• Use reverse distributors See Ecology Pharmaceutical fact sheet
in Appendix 1.

Q
R Mercury
Q
Thermometers
Sphygmomanometers
• See vendor list in the
Appendix 2 for alternative
Mercury can be recycled or disposed as
dangerous waste. Use mercury-free
Q Other monitoring equipment products devices and equipment. Use take-back
programs.

Q
R Mercury
Q
Fluorescent bulbs
Mercury switches
•
•
Use low-mercury bulbs
Mercury-free switches
Universal wastes – see fact sheet in
Appendix 1. Also see vendor lists in
Q Batteries • Rechargeable batteries
Appendix 2.

Q
R Ethylene Oxide (EtO) Sterilization • Sterrad, Steris, carbon
dioxide, electron beam, gas
Routine checks on EtO cylinders and
equipment for leaks. Ensure venting to
plasma, microwave outside. Return cartridges/cylinders to
supplier.

Q
R Formaldehyde,
glutaraldehyde,
Cleaning solutions and high-
level disinfectants, chemiclaves
• Use autoclaves, microwave
technologies, Cidex OPA
2
Hazardous waste. Recycle. Never
discharge into septic system. Use
xylene, alcohols proper ventilation. Neutralize
• Steam or sonic sterilization
aldehydes using Glycine, Glutarex or
Formalex.

2
Cidex OPA is NOT recommended as a substitute in chemiclaves.
3-56
 Surgery Services
Surgery services generate dangerous/hazardous
waste, biomedical waste, and solid waste. Many
substances used in surgery become dangerous
wastes at the end of use. These include
disinfectants, sterilants, tissue fixatives, solvents
and other hazardous substances. Waste gases
produced during surgical anesthesia must be
managed carefully, too. Be sure that you are
meeting all labeling, storage, and disposal
requirements.

„ Cleaning solutions and high level disinfectants and sterilants such as phenol, formalin,
xylene toluene may be replaced with less-toxic chemicals such as Sonic sterilization, Sporox,
Cidex, Steris, Sterad, Sterilox, and Metrex Compliance.

„ Properly manage and store all hazardous chemicals used by surgical pathology units.
Keep pathological waste out of the sewer.

„ Employ a scavenging system to anesthetic unit to collect waste anesthetic gases, such as
nitrous oxide, halothane, enflurane, isoflurane, etc. Minimize leakage and replace
equipment more than 10 years old. Properly manage spent filter cartridges for anesthetic
gas wastes as dangerous waste or recycle. Properly manage compressed gas cylinders and
return to distributor.

„ Never dispose merbromin/water solution waste down the drain, dispose as dangerous
waste.

„ Separate preserved tissues from formaldehyde, neutralize and dispose as dangerous waste.

„ Manage and dispose epinephrine and any residuals as extremely hazardous waste, never
into the trash or down the drain.

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle 3-57

 Alternatives to and Management of Hazardous Substances found in Hospital Surgery Services Departments
Hazardous wastes and substances Use or Source Available Alternatives Additional Management Comments
often found in this department
Use or Manage?

Q
R Municipal solid waste
Q
Packaging
Disposable items
• Recycle metals, paper,
cardboard, plastic, glass
Minimize use of hard-to-recycle plastics
and glass. Follow hauler’s waste
separation specifications.
• Buy in bulk
• Request less packaging

Q
R Biomedical waste
Q
Sharps
Blood
• Reduce and separate solid
waste from biomedical
Store in biomedical “red bags.”
Separate sharps into a puncture-
Q Blood-soaked materials waste resistant, clearly-labeled container.

Q
R Dangerous waste in
waste water
Sterilants and solvents • See list of vendors in
Appendix 2
Dangerous waste. Check your local
waste water facility regulations.

Q
R Formaldehyde Tissue preservation • Neutralize or use substitute
See list of vendors in
Dangerous waste. Dispose of according
to RCRA guidelines.
Appendix 2

Q
R Glutaraldehyde Cold sterilization • Cidex OPA, Sporox, Metrex
Compliance
Use gloves and personal protection
equipment. Use proper ventilation.
Never discharge into septic system.
Neutralize and dispose to sewer.

Q
R Mercury
Q
Thermometers
Barometers
• Digital equipment, alcohol
thermometers
Mercury may either be recycled or
handled as universal waste or
dangerous waste.

Q
R Mercury Fluorescent bulbs, mercury
switches, batteries
• Use low-mercury bulbs and
mercury-free batteries and
Dispose as universal waste or
dangerous waste (See fact sheet in
switches Appendix 1)

3-58
 Appendix 1
Guidance Documents
Designating Dangerous Waste, #96-436,
www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/96436.html

Counting Dangerous Waste Under the Dangerous Waste

Regulations, #98-414, www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/98414.html

Satellite Accumulation, #94-120, www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/94120.html

Treatment by Generator, #96-412, www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/96412.html

Universal Waste Rule, #98-407, www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/98407.html

Universal Waste Rule for Batteries, #98-407a,

www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/98407a.html

Universal Waste Rule for Mercury-containing Equipment, #98-407b,

www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/98407b.html

Universal Waste Rule for Dangerous Waste Lamps, #98-407c,

www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/98407c.html

Pesticide Container Cleaning and Disposal, #01-04-024,

www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/0104024.html

Domestic Sewage Exclusion, #94-136, www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/94136.html

Wastewater Discharge Permits in Washington State, #WQ-R-019,

www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/wqr019.html

Pharmaceutical Waste, #03-04-035, www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/0304035.html

Guide for Dangerous Waste Generators in Washington State, #98-1252-

HWTR, www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/981252hwtr.html
 Appendix 2
Vendor List Index
Autoclave Indicator Tape (No lead) ........................................................................ 1
Amalgam Separators ................................................................................................. 1
Anesthetic Gas Scavenger ......................................................................................... 3
Ballasts (No PCBs or mercury)................................................................................. 4
Barometers (No mercury) ......................................................................................... 5
Batteries: Button Style for Hearing Aids (No mercury) ...................................... 6
Batteries: Single Use/Rechargeable for Digital Equipment (No mercury) ...... 8
Blood Bank Saline (Mercury-free preservative)..................................................... 9
Boilers and Accessories (No mercury) .................................................................... 9
Chemiclave Sterilants (Alternatives to ethylene oxide [EtO] and
Glutaraldehyde) ....................................................................................................... 11
Cleaning Agents: Mold and Mildew (No tributyltin)........................................ 14
Cleaning Agents: (No styrene, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid or
phosphoric acid) ....................................................................................................... 17
Collodion (No ether)................................................................................................ 20
Concentrating Reagents (No ethyl acetate or xylene)......................................... 20
Cooling Recirculating Water Systems................................................................... 21
Coulter Counters (No mercury)............................................................................. 22
Dandruff Shampoo (No Selenium)........................................................................ 23
Dental Filling Material (Mercury-free alternatives to amalgam) ...................... 23
Developer Solutions (No hydroquinone) ............................................................. 24
Disinfectant/Antiseptic: Intermediate Surface Agents (No phenols,
quarternary ammonium, iodophor and chlorhexidine gluconate .................... 25
Displacement Relay (No mercury) ........................................................................ 26
Dry Cleaning Equipment: Non-Solvent............................................................... 27
Fixatives: Alternatives for B5 solution and PVA (No mercury)....................... 28
Fixatives: Alternatives to Zenker’s (No mercury) .............................................. 31
Fixative/Preservative for Tissues: Alternatives to Formalin and Bouin’s
Solution (Formaldehyde-free) ................................................................................ 32
Float Switches (No mercury) .................................................................................. 35
Gloves: Examination Gloves (Latex-free) ............................................................ 42
Gloves: Surgical Gloves (Latex-free) .................................................................... 43
Histological Clearing Agents (No xylene)............................................................ 49
Histology Staining Kits (No mercury, less waste)............................................... 52
Histology Stains (No mercury) .............................................................................. 53
HVAC Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Systems and
Components (No mercury)..................................................................................... 54
Intraocular Pressure Reducers (No mercury) ...................................................... 55
Infectious Waste Bags (No cadmium) ................................................................... 56
Laboratory Analyses (No mercury)....................................................................... 57
Laboratory Glass and Pipette Cleaner (No chromic-sulfuric acid)................... 58
Lighting (Low mercury).......................................................................................... 59
Manometers (No mercury) ..................................................................................... 59
Mercury (II) Oxide Alternatives (No mercury) ................................................... 60
Mops and Cloths: Wet Loop Mop Alternatives.................................................. 61
Neonatal Products: Feeding Tubes, Catheters and Positioning Aids
(No PVC or DEHP) .................................................................................................. 63
Neutralizing Products: Aldehyde Neutralizing Solution ................................. 69
Paints: Water-based (No mercury preservative) ................................................ 71
Pest Control............................................................................................................... 72
Pharmaceutical Management Vendors ................................................................. 73
Photographic Equipment: Digital ......................................................................... 73
Photographic Tank Cleaners (No chromate)........................................................ 75
Plastic Equipment for Plastic Tubing, Blood Bags, Electrodes and
Other Plastic Equipment (No PVC or DEHP)..................................................... 76
Preservative for Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals (No thimerisol/mercury).. 85
Pressure Gauges and Regulators: Gas line (No mercury)................................. 86
Pretreatment for Laboratory and Surgical Equipment....................................... 87
Radiation Shielding and Material (No lead) ........................................................ 87
Radiography: Digital Equipment.......................................................................... 90
Recovery Systems/Products: Mercury and Other Heavy Metals.................... 91
Recovery Systems/Products: Solvents (e.g., formalin, xylene, etc.)................ 93
Recycling/Waste Disposal Centers ....................................................................... 94
Relay Switches (No mercury) ................................................................................. 98
Scoliometers (No mercury) ..................................................................................... 99
Selective Enrichment Broth for Salmonella spp.:
Alternatives to Sodium Selenite........................................................................... 100
Sphygmomanometers (No mercury)................................................................... 101
Sterilizing Equipment (Chemiclave alternatives).............................................. 106
Thermometers: Basal (No mercury) ................................................................... 107
Thermometers: Compact Digital (No mercury) ............................................... 109
Thermometers: Hypothermia (No mercury)..................................................... 111
Thermometers: Infrared (No mercury) .............................................................. 112
Thermometers: Kitchen (No mercury)............................................................... 114
Thermometers: Laboratory (No mercury)......................................................... 116
Thermometers: Medical Non-Electronic (No mercury)................................... 117
Thermometers: Medical Specialty (No mercury) ............................................. 119
Thermometers: Professional Digital (No mercury).......................................... 119
Thermometers: Weather (No mercury).............................................................. 121
Thermostat Probes (No mercury) ........................................................................ 122
Thermostats (No mercury).................................................................................... 122
Tissue Adhesive Slides (No chromium) ............................................................. 123
Topical Antimicrobial Ointments: Burn Wound Care
(No silver nitrate or gentamycin)......................................................................... 125
Totes: Reusable, Industrial Grade....................................................................... 126
Vacuum Systems and Pumps (No mercury)...................................................... 127
Washers and Dryers (Energy/Water conservation) ......................................... 127
Waste Disinfection Systems.................................................................................. 129
Wastewater Treatment Systems: Alternatives to Boilers and Dialysis
Chemical Disinfection (No mercury) .................................................................. 130
Weighted Surgical/Internal Tubing (No mercury)........................................... 133
 Vendor Information

Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) is providing this information as a free and
open service to the public. Ecology does not endorse any company or product identified on
this or any subsequent pages listed and makes no claims regarding the accuracy, validity or
effectiveness of this or any other product or service represented by the provided information.

Keep in mind the following tips when choosing a vendor:

„ Ask for least toxic products available. Ask if they have products that do not become
dangerous waste when spent or are recyclable.
„ Ask vendors for customer references (name, phone and address) that use the product or
service in the same manner you will be using it. Contact these customers and ask for their
opinion of the product or service. Ask the customers what they like or don’t like about the
product or service.
„ Contact Ecology for vendor’s compliance history.
„ Get a number of bids and compare. Choose your vendors carefully; consider reliability as
well as costs.
„ Test the product or service to see if it satisfies your requirements prior to making a
commitment to purchase the product or use the service.
„ Ask if the product or service is “drop in” prior to product purchase or service use or if new
equipment will be necessary. Ask to see total costs or fees associated with the product or
service.
„ Whenever possible, require your waste contractor to pick-up only on request. In your
contract with your waste hauler have it clearly written that they will only pick up on
request. Keep wastes separate, if necessary. Don’t over-accumulate wastes. Fill all
containers prior to disposal. Keep containers closed, labeled and in good condition and
stored in secondary containment, when necessary.
„ Know the fate of your waste. You are ultimately responsible for the proper disposal of
your waste.

The vendor list provides numerous alternatives for specific purposes. Please review the pages
to find alternatives for activities occurring in your hospital. The vendor information provided
is not all inclusive but attempts to give the best information gathered, to date. We plan on
continuing to add useful vendor information to the list. You may find additional vendor
information on the Internet.
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Autoclave Indicator Tape (No Lead)

Autoclave Indicator Tape • Autoclave tape is less hazardous than those

containing metals such as lead or materials such
Research Products International Corp. as PVC.
800-323-9814
http://www.rpicorp.com/index/index.html • Tape will display autoclave indication after 15
minutes at 120°C.

• May be used on paper, cloth, glass, metal and

plastic.

Steam Autoclave Indicator Tape • Autoclave tape is less hazardous than those
containing metals such as lead or materials such
Nadco, Inc. as PVC.
PO Box 130
Dover, NH 03820 • Tape will darken at 273°F (134° C) at steam
800-839-9018 pressure of 1.02kg/cm2 following a 5 minute
Fax: 603-692-0794 period.
E-mail: sale@nadcoinc.com
http://www.nadco-inc.com

Amalgam Separators (Amalgam/Mercury Removal From Dental Wastewater)

AD-1000 • Separates amalgam using wet or dry vacuum

systems.
American Dental Accessories, Inc.
7310 Oxford Street • Maximum flow rate is 4 L/min (ISO 11143
Minneapolis, MN 55426 testing).
800-331-7993
Fax: 888-729-1016 • It has been tested to remove 99.3% of the
E-mail: info@amerdental.com suspended amalgam in wastewater.
http://www.amerdental.com/catalog/pdf%20files/pg
48.pdf • Made for use by up to 12 dentists at a time.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

1
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Amalgam Separators (Amalgam/Mercury Removal From Dental Wastewater)

ASDEX Amalgam Separator with: • Separates amalgam using wet or dry vacuum
ASDEX Premium Filter (No.: AS-9) systems.

American Dental Accessories, Inc. • Maximum flow rate is 250 ml/min (ISO 11143
7310 Oxford Street testing).
Minneapolis, MN 55426
800-331-7993 • It has been tested to remove over 97.3% of the
Fax: 888-729-1016 suspended amalgam in wastewater.
E-mail: info@amerdental.com
http://www.amerdental.com/catalog/pdf%20files/pg • Made for use by one dentist.
48.pdf

Guardian Amalgam Collector • Separates amalgam using wet or dry vacuum

(No.: A1010) systems.

Air Techniques, Inc. • Maximum flow rate is 2.5 L/min (ISO 11143
70 Cantiague Rock Road testing).
PO Box 870
Hicksville, NY 11802 • It has been tested to remove over 99% of the
800-Air-Tech suspended amalgam in wastewater.
Fax: 516-433-7684
E-mail: info@airtechniques.com • The collector and separation tank must be
http://www.airtechniques.com/products_amalgam.h positioned to drain using gravity.
tm
• Uses a sedimentation process to separate
amalgam (heavy amalgam settles out of the
wastewater and collects in the collection
container.

King County Approved Amalgam Separators • Please visit this site for further listings of
http://dnr.metrokc.gov/wlr/indwaste/sep_table.doc certified amalgam separators.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

2
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Amalgam Separators (Amalgam/Mercury Removal From Dental Wastewater)

MERC II • Three-stage filtration system that removes

95.2% of amalgam before release to the sewer.
Bio-Sym Medical Corporation
800-947-7550 • Maximum flow rate is 2 L/min (ISO 11143
testing).

Rasch 890 Systems • Separates amalgam using wet or dry vacuum

systems.
AB Dental Trends, Inc.
211 Grover St. • Maximum flow rate is 4 L/min. (ISO 11143
Lynden, WA 98264 testing).
360-354-4722
Fax: 360-354-7460 • Scrubber module available for increased
E-mail: info@amalgamseparation.com filtration.
http://www.amalgamseparation.com/
• Quiet operation with no electrical or moving
parts.

• Ship canister to permitted collection depot for

recycling when full.

Anaesthetic Gas Scavenger

Charcoal Scavenger • Scavenger unit will absorb halothane and

Isoflurane gases through activated charchoal
Advanced Anaesthesia Specialists filtration.
Unit 13, 46-48 Buffalo Road,
Gladesville NSW 2111 • Charcoal refills are available.
E-mail: tech@aasmedical.com.au
http://www.aasmedical.com.au • Useful when fume hood system is not available.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

3
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Anaesthetic Gas Scavenger

Evacuation Systems • Removes halogenated gases from inhalation

anaesthesia.
Harvard Apparatus
800-272-2775 • Useful when fume hood system is not available.
http://www.harvardapparatus.com

Ballasts (No PCBs or Mercury)

PowrKut® and Mark 7™ 0-10 Volt Ballasts • PowrKut is a hybrid ballast, while Mark 7™ is
an electronic ballast.
Advance Transformer Co.
10275 West Higgins Road
Rosemont, IL 60018-5603 • Both are made of materials without hazardous
800-372-3331 or 800-322-2086 PCBs or mercury.
tech.service.rosemont@philips.com
http://www.advancetransformer.com • PowrKut® is good for hospital situation where
electrical interference is a concern.

• Mark 7™ ballasts are used in areas where

dimmers are needed and use less energy
compared to other electronic ballasts.

Ultralux Electronic Ballasts • Metal casing is less toxic than those containing
PCBs.
Full Spectrum Solutions, Inc.
PO Box 1087 • Less toxic than ballasts containing mercury.
Jackson, MI 49204
888-574-7014 • Comparable in quality to more toxic ballasts.
Fax: 866-366-4029
shannon@fullspectrumsolutions.com
http://www.fullspectrumsolutions.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

4
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Barometers (No Mercury)

DigiQuartz® Electronic Barometer Standards • Portable unit available.

Paroscientific, Inc. • 2-line digital read-out (inHg and others).

4500 148th Ave.
N.E. Redmond, WA, 98052 • NIST Traceable - ISO 9001 Quality System.
425-883-8700
Fax: (425) 867-5407 • Less toxic than mercury.
http://www.paroscientific.com

Eco-celli Liquid-Filled Barometer® • Durable acrylic tubing.

Allivan marketing, LLC • Two types: one measures in both millibar (mb)
P.O. Box 320 and inches mercury, the other measures in
Tyngsboro, MA 01879 millimeters and inches mercury.
978-649-8547
Fax: 978-649-8547 • Mercury-free model E038 uses a non-toxic, red
E-mail: info@allivanmktg.com or silicone fluid and gas.
sales@allivanmktg.com
http://www.allivanmktg.com/E038501.htm • Contains a blue color methyl-alcohol
thermometer.
Dingens Barometers
Beverlo-Beringen, Belgium • Room temperature expands or contracts red
+32 (0)11 340550 silicon fluid and sliding scale between tubes
Fax: +32 (0)11 342814 compensates for and measures the expansion
E-mail: info@barometers.com which translates into an accurate air pressure
http://www.barometers.com measurement.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

5
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Barometers (No Mercury)

Model 2400 and Model 2104 Precision Barometers • Electronic barometers used for healthcare
atmospheric pressure monitoring.
Mensor Corporation
201 Barnes Drive • Have front panel switch for choice concerning
San Marcos, TX 78666 units of pressure including mmHg.
800-984-4200
Fax: 512-396-1820 • Calibrated with NIST-traceable primary
E-mail: sales@mensor.com standards.
http://www.mensor.com
• Temperature range for 2104 is 15°C -45°C and
pressure range is 22-34 inHg abs.

• Uses material less toxic than mercury.

Batteries: Button Style for Hearing Aids (Reduced Mercury)

Duracell EasyTab™ Hearing Aid Batteries • Zinc air batteries with 1.4V nominal voltage.

The Gillette Company • Temperature range of 0°C -50°C (32°F -122°F).

Duracell Global OEM Sales Group
14 Research Drive • 0.3 to 1.8g weight range.
Bethel, CT 06801
800-544-5454 or 203-791-3013 • 0.06 to 0.5 cm3 volume range.
Fax: 203-207-7013
E-mail: Ana_Cardinale@Gillette.com • Models DA10, DA13, DA312 and DA675.
http://www.duracell.com
• Vendor claims enhanced cell performance
resulting from improved airflow and cell
efficiency, and increased internal cell volume.

• Collect batteries separately according to

chemical contents and dispose of as indicated by
local state guidelines; batteries should never be
incinerated.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

6
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Batteries: Button Style for Hearing Aids (Reduced Mercury)

GP Hearing Aid Batteries Zinc air battery available in 4 sizes at 1.4V.

Gold Peak Industries Ltd • Collect batteries separately according to

97 Pioneer Road. Singapore 639579 chemical contents and dispose of as indicated by
E-mail: gpbi@gpbatteries.com.sg local state guidelines; batteries should never be
http://www.gpbatteries.com/ incinerated.

Rayovac CochLear Plus, Loud N’ Clear and Ultra • Zinc air batteries for hearing aids
Proline Hearing Aid Batteries
• CochLear is for cochlear implants and comes in
Rayovac Corporation a 60 pack carton of size 675 batteries
PO Box 44960
Madison, WI 53744
800-237-7000 or 608-275-3340 • Vendor claims Ultra Proline lasts longer than
Fax: 608-275-4967 any other hearing aid battery on the market and
E-mail: consumers@rayovac.com is for high power battery uses.
http://www.rayovac.com
• Collect batteries separately according to
chemical contents and dispose of as indicated by
local state guidelines; batteries should never be
incinerated.

Renata Hearing Aid Batteries • Zinc air button-style batteries for hearing aids.

FUTURE ELECTRONICS (Seattle) • Zinc is a hazardous waste in large quantities and

12100 Norteast 195th St (Suite 150) must be disposed of properly.
Bothell, WA 98011
425-489-3400 • 1.4V and available in 5 capacities.
Fax: 425-489-3411
E-mail: sales@renata.com • Collect batteries separately according to
http://www.renata.com or chemical contents and dispose of as indicated by
http://www.futureelectronics.com/ local state guidelines; batteries should never be
incinerated.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

7
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Batteries: Rechargeable for Digital Equipment ( No Mercury)

Note: These batteries may be found at most grocery and electronics stores. Here are a few examples.

GP Rechargeable Batteries Lithium ion (3.7V) batteries available.

Gold Peak Industries Ltd Many sizes available for each type of rechargeable
97 Pioneer Road. Singapore 639579 battery.
E-mail: gpbi@gpbatteries.com.sg
http://www.gpbatteries.com/ Lithium ion (LiIon) do not contain mercury, lead,
nickel or cadmium and LiIon will not suffer
memory alterations if recharged after a partial
discharge (unlike NiCd batteries).

LiIon recharges in 1 to 2 hours and has three times

the voltage or energy output of NiMH batteries.

Collect batteries separately according to chemical

contents and dispose of as indicated by local
state guidelines; batteries should never be
incinerated.

Renata Rechargeable Lithium Ion Batteries Used in portable electronic devices including
digital cameras.
FUTURE ELECTRONICS (Seattle)
12100 Norteast 195th St (Suite 150) High energy density and low self discharge rate.
Bothell, WA 98011
425-489-3400 Operating voltage of 3.7V.
Fax: 425-489-3411
E-mail: sales@renata.com 3hr recharge time recommended.
http://www.renata.com or
http://www.futureelectronics.com/ Operational temperature range from -20°C to
60°C.

Aluminum alloy outer casing.

Collect batteries separately according to chemical

contents and dispose of as indicated by local
state guidelines; batteries should never be
incinerated.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

8
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Blood Bank Saline (Mercury-Free Preservative)

Blood Bank Saline • Blood bank saline contains no preservatives.

NERL Diagnostics Corporation • Mercury-free solution with a pH range of 7.0 to

14 Almeida Avenue 7.2.
East Providence, RI 02914
800-556-7575 or 401-438-0386
Fax: 401-438-2454
E-mail: customerservice@nerl.com
http://www.nerl.com

Boilers and Accessories ( No Mercury)

Boiler Controllers and Other Accessories • Mercury-free boiler accessories and competitive
prices.
McDonnell & Miller
3500 North Spaulding Avenue • Comparable to mercury.
Chicago, IL60618
773-267-1600
Fax: 773-267-0991
http://www.mcdonnellmiller.com

Bryan Steam Water Boilers • Water boilers and steam boilers are available
mercury-free.
Proctor Sales, Inc.
20715 50th Avenue West • Comparable to mercury.
Lynnwood, Washington 98036
425-774-1441
Fax: 425-771-2590
Contact: Richard Newkirk
E-mail: dnewkirk@proctorsales.com
http://www.bryanboilers.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

9
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Boilers and Accessories ( No Mercury)

Steam Boilers • They provide mercury-free steam boilers.

ECR International • Comparable to mercury.

World Headquarters
2201 Dwyer Avenue
Utica, NY 13501-1101
315-797-1310
Fax: 315-797-3762
E-mail: info@ecrinternational.com
http://www.ecrinternational.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

10
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Sterilizers (Alternatives to Ethylene Oxide (EtO) and Glutaraldehyde)

Cidex OPA Consists of 0.55% ortho-phthaldehyde.

Advanced Sterilization Products: Johnson & Johnson High level disinfection in 12 minutes and may be
33 Technology Drive reused for 14 days.
Irvine, CA 92618
800-755-5900 or (206) 230-0970 Less of an inhalation hazard than glutaraldehyde.
Fax: (206) 230-0974
Michael Black (Ext 7868) or Dave Hess (Tri-cities, Must purchase Klenzyme (enzymatic precleaner)
Pullman, Clarkston) and Cidex OPA test strips for proper function.
E-mail: aspservices@aspus.jnj.com,
mblack4@aspus.jnj.com Can be neutralized with glycine; however,
http://www.sterrad.com neutralized product may be subject to HW
and/or WQ requirements.

Never dispose into septic system.

May cost more than EtO and glutaraldehyde

mixtures.

Stains protein gray, so do not handle without

gloves.

May cause anaphylaxis-type reactions: don’t use

on urological instruments used on patients with
a history of bladder cancer.

Omega Pro Series Industrial Parts Washers Uses sound waves to excite sterilizing chemicals.

Omegasonics May be used on various instruments depending on

330 E. Easy Street, Suite A their heat and chemical sensitivities.
Simi Valley, CA 93065
800-669-8227 Available in different sizes.
Fax: 805-583-0561
E-mail: omegasonics@omegasonics.com May use less toxic chemicals to clean instruments
http://www.omegasonics.com other than glutaraldehyde and EtO.

Sterilizers (Alternatives to Ethylene Oxide (EtO) and Glutaraldehyde)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

11
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

SPOROX® II Sterilizing and Disinfecting Solution It is a mixture of hydrogen peroxide and

phosphoric acid that is safe to use on soft metals
Sultan Chemists such as copper and brass.
85 West Forest Avenue
Englewood, NJ 07631 Chemically sterilizes dental equipment at room
800-637-8582 or 201- 871-1232 temperature and completes (high level
http://www.sultanchemists.com disinfection in 30 minutes and sterilization in 6
hours).

May be reused for up to 21 days and is less toxic

than EtO and glutaraldehyde.

Sterilox 2501 Strong oxidizing agents (hypochlorite and active

free chlorine).
Sterilox Technology Inc.
320 King of Prussia Road (Suite 200) Completes high level disinfection in 10 minutes at
Radnor, PA 19087 25C.
610-341-1899
Fax: 610-341-0503 Basic materials inexpensive and are less toxic to
E-mail: sterilox@steriloxtechnologies.com environment and biological tissues.
http://www.sterilox.com
Decreases efficacy in presence of organic matter
and is only effective for a single use.

Production equipment expensive.

Less toxic than EtO and glutaraldehyde.

Sterilizers (Alternatives to Ethylene Oxide (EtO) and Glutaraldehyde)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

12
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Steris 20 Sterilant 0.2% peracetic acid (diluted from 35%) solution.

Steris Corporation Completes high level disinfection in 12

5960 Heisley Road minutes at 50-55C and is patient ready in
Mentor, OH 44060 less than 30 minutes.
440-354-2600 or 800-548-4873
E-mail: Webmaster@STERIS.com Can only use with STERIS System 1 Processor.
http://www.steris.com
Only sterile immediately after process is finished
and is good for single use only.

Quicker processing time and is able to process

heat sensitive instruments.

Less toxic than EtO and glutaraldehyde.

STERIS System 1 Processor Uses 0.2% peracetic acid (diluted from 35%)
solution.
Steris Corporation
5960 Heisley Road Completes high level disinfection in 12
Mentor, OH 44060 minutes at 50-55C and is patient ready in
440-354-2600 or 800-548-4873 less than 30 minutes.
E-mail: Webmaster@STERIS.com
http://www.steris.com Only sterilizes equipment for use immediately
after process is finished and is good for single
use only.

Quicker processing time and is able to process

heat sensitive instruments.

High initial cost.

Less toxic than EtO and glutaraldehyde.

Sterilizers (Alternatives to Ethylene Oxide (EtO) and Glutaraldehyde)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

13
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Sterrad 50, 100, 100S and 200 Generates H2O2 gas plasma from 58% H2O2 and
sterilizes in 45 minutes (St 50) and 72 min (St
Advanced Sterilization Products: Johnson & Johnson 100S).
33 Technology Drive
Irvine, CA 92618 Quicker processing time and leaves no toxic
800-755-5900 or 206-230-0970 residue.
Fax: 206-230-0974
Michael Black (Ext 7868) or Dave Hess (Tri-cities, Depending on vendor, may not be approved to
Pullman, Clarkston) sterilize all equipment.
E-mail: aspservices@aspus.jnj.com,
mblack4@aspus.jnj.com Less toxic than EtO and glutaraldehyde.
http://www.sterrad.com
Vendor claims hydrogen peroxide is less
Cirm Pharmaceuticals & Medicals (Sterrad 100) damaging to instruments than peracetic acid and
17672 Laurel Park Drive N. steam.
Livonia, MI, 48152
734-459-0082 or 734-564-5200
Fax: 734-459-0220 or 203-387-5911
info@cirmcorp.com
http://www.cirmcorp.com/cirmpharm/cirmpharm.h
tml

Cleaning Agents: Mold and Mildew (No Tributyl Tin)

ADD-2 PREVENT MILDEW™ Mildewcide Used as an additive in paints, stains and wallpaper
Additive adhesive films to prevent mildew growth.

Zinsser Co, Inc. Hazardous ingredient is 2-(4-Thiazolyl)

173 Belmont Drive Benzimidazole.
Somerset, NJ 08875
732-469-8100 Does not contain tributyl tin and is less toxic.
Fax: 732-563-9774
E-mail: bullseye@zinsser.com EPA registered pesticide.
http://www.zinsser.com
Toxic and irritating gases released if incinerated.

Cleaning Agents: Mold and Mildew (No Tributyl Tin)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

14
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Jomax House Cleaner and Mildew Killer Contains mildewcide, ChlorRelease® bleach
activator and detergents with the active
Zinsser Co, Inc. ingredient acetic acid.
173 Belmont Drive
Somerset, NJ 08875 Should not damage painted surfaces and may be
732-469-8100 applied close to plants but not on them.
Fax: 732-563-9774
E-mail: bullseye@zinsser.com Must add bleach such as Clorox® to activate and
http://www.zinsser.com remains effective for 3 hours after mixing.

Use on outside walls and ground only. DO NOT

use indoors.

This product is toxic to fish but is less toxic than

tributyl tin.

Does not contain tributyl tin.

MicroBiocide® • Controls and inhibits the growth of mold,

mildew, algae, bacteria and other biofilms.
Healthy Clean Buildings
4 Wilmington Drive • #440 is the first EPA registered anti-microbial
Melville, NY 11747 agent for air ducts and HVAC/R systems.
631-643-1882
Fax: 1-631-643-4649 • #430 is for floors and walls.
Contact: Stan Halpern
E-mail: cleaning@fnol.net • Claims to work for two years on dry surfaces and
http://www.cleaningpro.net 6 months on wet surfaces.

• Sterilizes microorganisms.

• Contains 2-Bromo-2-Nitropropane-1, 3-Diol as

active ingredient.

• Low toxicity compared to tributyl tin.

Cleaning Agents: Mold and Mildew (No Tributyl Tin)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

15
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

ONE • Removes mildew stains and cleans bathrooms

(except for glass).
Healthy Clean Buildings
4 Wilmington Drive • Hydrogen peroxide based cleaner.
Melville, NY 11747
631-643-1882 • Kills some bacteria and viruses.
Fax: 1-631-643-4649
Contact: Stan Halpern • Contains no tributyl tin, quaternary ammonium
E-mail: cleaning@fnol.net compounds, bleach or acids.
http://www.cleaningpro.net
• Less toxic.

Unsmoke Microban Disinfectant Spray Plus • 5-10% 2-Propanol and is an EPA registered
pesticide.
Microban Systems, Inc.
4660 Elizabeth Street • Skin and eye irritant with a flash point of 102
Coraopolis, PA 15108 degrees Fahreneit.
412-264-8340 or 800-332-6037
Fax: 412-262-7150 • Suitable for hospital and health care institutions
http://www.unsmoke.com and may be used in operating rooms, labs,
morgues, shower stalls, etc.
McDowell Supply
4508 8th Avenue NW • Decontaminates textiles, mattresses, bedding,
Seattle, WA 98107 etc.
206-784-4370
E-mail: tim.wessels@mcdowellsupply.com • Used to be called Hospital Spray.
http://www.mcdowellsupply.com
• Microban is EPA registered for use in clear, gray
Cleaning Systems and black water floods.
3810 Auburn Way North, #407
Auburn, WA 98002
• Composed of compounds less toxic than tributyl
800-824-3151
tin.
http://www.cleaningsystems.com

Cleaning Agents (No Styrene, Sodium Hydroxide, Hydrochloric Acid or Phosphoric Acid)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

16
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

BioKleen Janitorial Products: Spray Magic, BKP • The janitorial products include an all-purpose
1204 Laundry Detergent, BKP 810 Citrus Kleen cleaner, laundry detergent, degreaser, etc.
and BKP 130 Neutral Cleaner Degreaser
• They are less toxic then traditional products.
Bio-Kleen
810 Lake Street • The laundry detergent does not contain
Kalamazoo, MI 49001 phosphates and is not compatible with strong
800-240-5536 acids.
Contact: Tim Kowalski
E-mail: sales@bioklee.com • Spray Magic is less toxic than traditional
http://www.biokleen.com cleaners, but make sure to wear a mask to avoid
inhalation of spray mist.

• Citrus Kleen is less toxic than traditional

cleaners, however d-limonene may be a
sensitizing agent.

E-Lek-Tro Floor Cleaning Kit • Includes floor degreaser/stripper, floor

neutralizer, floor sealer/finish and floor
Healthy Clean Buildings cleaner/conditioner.
4 Wilmington Drive
Melville, NY 11747 • Stripper contains no butoxyethanol and is not
631-643-1882 caustic.
Fax: 1-631-643-4649
Contact: Stan Halpern • Floor sealer contains no styrene and is less toxic
E-mail: cleaning@fnol.net than most cleaning agents.
http://www.cleaningpro.net

Cleaning Agents (No Styrene, Sodium Hydroxide, Hydrochloric Acid or Phosphoric Acid)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

17
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

ECOSAFE Cleaning Products • Less toxic than traditional cleaners/degreasers

such as ammonia.
ECOSAFE Products
180 Newport Center Drive, Suite 180 • Formulas include glass cleaner, hand cleaner,
Newport Beach, CA 92660 laundry cleaner, engine cleaner, car interior
949-285-6525 cleaner and general purpose cleaner.
Fax: 949-640-8536
E-mail: johnmac@ecosafeproducts.com • Utilizes active-colloid properties.
http://www.ecosafeproducts.com
• 99% biodegradable.

• Do not use around strong oxidizing materials.

• Can use on a variety of surfaces such as plastics,

fabrics, paints, leather, metals, wood, glass,
ivory, and ceramics when used as directed.

Enviro Care All Purpose Cleaner • Cleaner/degreaser that is less toxic than
conventional cleaning agents at the
Rochester Midland Corporation recommended dilutions.
333 Hollenbeck Street
Rochester, NY 14621 • Contains an alkyl polyglysoside, has a neutral
800-836-1627 pH and is readily biodegradable.
http://www.rochestermidland.com

Foaming Citrus Oven Cleaner • Cleans ovens, grills, hoods, broilers and
rotisseries.
Healthy Clean Buildings
4 Wilmington Drive • Contains sodium metasilicate, alkanolamide,
Melville, NY 11747 propane/isobutane prepellant blend and d-
631-643-1882 limonene.
Fax: 1-631-643-4649
Contact: Stan Halpern • D-limonene may be a sensitizing agent.
E-mail: cleaning@fnol.net
http://www.cleaningpro.net • Does not contain sodium hydroxide.

• Less toxic than sodium hydroxide.

Cleaning Agents (No Styrene, Sodium Hydroxide, Hydrochloric Acid or Phosphoric Acid)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

18
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Laundry and Other Cleaning Supplies • Carry products that do not contain acids, bleach
or ammonia for doing laundry and are less toxic.
Healthy Clean Buildings
4 Wilmington Drive • Have soaps that do not release odor that may
Melville, NY 11747 trigger allergies.
631-643-1882
Fax: 1-631-643-4649
Contact: Stan Halpern
E-mail: cleaning@fnol.net
http://www.cleaningpro.net

ONE • Removes mildew stains and cleans bathrooms

(except for glass).
Healthy Clean Buildings
4 Wilmington Drive • Hydrogen peroxide based cleaner.
Melville, NY 11747
631-643-1882 • Kills some bacteria and viruses.
Fax: 1-631-643-4649
Contact: Stan Halpern • Contains no tin, quaternary ammonium
E-mail: cleaning@fnol.net compounds, bleach or acids.
http://www.cleaningpro.net
• Less toxic.

Simple Green® Cleaner/Degreaser • Less toxic cleaner/degreaser.

Sunshine Makers, Inc. • Must be diluted 2 parts of water to 1 part Simple

15922 Pacific Coast Highway Green in order to meet volatile organic
Huntington Harbour, CA 92649 compound requirements for solvent cleaning
800-228-0709 operations.
Fax: 562-592-3034
http://www.simplegreen.com • May be used on any washable surface including
laundry.

• Vendor claims it removes stains including dirt,

grease, oil, pet stains, coffee, juice, lipstick,
blood, adhesives, etc.

Collodion (No Ether)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

19
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Collodion II • Ethyl alcohol replaces ether and is used as an

electrode adhesive, lens cleaner, band aid, etc.
Mavidon Medical Products
1820 2nd Ave N • Lower health hazard and flammability than
Lake Worth, FL 33461 Collodion.
800-654-0385
Fax: 561-586-6282 • No ether odor.
E-mail: info@mavidon.com
http://www.mavidon.com • Dries more slowly.

HV Collodion II • Ethyl alcohol replaces ether and is used as an

electrode adhesive, lens cleaner, band aid, etc.
Mavidon Medical Products
1820 2nd Ave N • Lower health hazard and flammability than
Lake Worth, FL 33461 Collodion.
800-654-0385
Fax: 561-586-6282 • No ether odor.
E-mail: info@mavidon.com
http://www.mavidon.com • Dries more slowly, but contains more cellulose
than Collodion II increasing bonding strength by
approximately 40%.

Concentrating Reagents (No Ethyl Acetate or Xylene)

PRO-Clear™ • A limonene-based reagent used as a non-toxic

replacement for ethyl acetate and xylene in tissue
Alpha-Tec Systems concentration procedures.
(Product No. 033-36, 033-29)
P.O. Box 5435 • Citrus odor.
Vancouver, WA 98668-5435
360-260-2779 or 800-221-6058 • Less toxic and non-mutagenic.
Fax: 360-260-3277
E-mail: info@AlphaTecSystems.com • May be a sensitizing agent.
http://www.alphatecsystems.com

Cooling Recirculating Water Systems

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

20
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Recirculating Cooling Towers • Offers different cooling systems depending on

their use including autoclaves, boilers and
Delta Cooling Towers, Inc. HVAC units.
41 Pine Street
Rockaway, NJ 07866 • Filtration and chemicals to control bacteria
800-289-3358 growth are necessary to run towers properly.
Fax: 973-586-2243
E-mail: sales@deltacooling.com
http://www.deltacooling.com

Quiet Module Cooling Towers • Uses evaporative cooling and may be expanded
to match the amount of water increases.
Pioneer Air Systems, Inc.
210 Flatfork Rd. • Filtration and chemicals to control bacteria
Wartburg, TN 37887 growth are necessary to run towers properly.
800-264-1AIR
Fax: 423-346-3865 • Small design and does not have any belts or
E-mail: sales@pioneerair.com pulleys to replace.
http://www.pioneerair.com/coolingtowers.htm

Coulter Counters (Mercury-Free)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

21
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Z1™ Series COULTER COUNTER Cell and Single and dual threshold models for absolute cell
Particle Counter counts or concentration.

Beckman Coulter, Inc. No components contain mercury.

4300 N. Harbor Boulevard
P. O. Box 3100 Single model sets one size threshold and counts
Fullerton tissue cultures and blood cells for rapid total cell
CA 92834-3100 count of cells of relatively uniform size.
800-742-2345
FAX: Support 714-773-8283; Service 714-773-8426 Dual model also counts tissue cultures and blood
http://www.beckman.com cells for samples with numerous cell types,
containing variable cell sizes, or platelets.

Certified to ISO 9001 by NSAI Quality Assurance.

Store up to 5 analyses settings.

May select size settings manually.

Data may be viewed as a count or concentration

and has the option of hard copy output.

Z2™ COULTER COUNTER® Cell and Particle In addition to reporting both count and
Counter concentration results, it provides size distribution
of the cell population.
Beckman Coulter, Inc.
4300 N. Harbor Boulevard Averages counts and channelyzes data from a
P. O. Box 3100 series of up to 10 consecutive analyses.
Fullerton
CA 92834-3100 User test functions built-in and storage of up to 5
800-742-2345 instrument settings for different cell lines.
FAX: Support 714-773-8283; Service 714-773-8426
http://www.beckman.com Mercury-free components.

Dandruff Shampoo (No Selenium)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

22
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Apple Cider Vinegar Recipe Apple cider vinegar may be purchased at most
grocery stores.

Mix one half cup of apple cider vinegar in 2 cups

of water and rinse hair.

Less toxic and less expensive than dandruff

shampoos with selenium.

Dental Filling Material (Mercury-Free Alternatives to Amalgam)

Compomer, Alloy (Gold), Composite and Glass • They offer a variety of filling material including
Ionomer Filling Materials compomer, alloy, composite and glass ionomer
options.
NM Supplies
1, Rosedale Court • Contact the company through their website for
Bishop Caruana Street more information on individual filling material.
Msida MSD05
Malta (Europe) • Less toxic than amalgam.
(00356) 2131 6070 or (00356) 7942 4721
Fax: (00356) 2131 6070
http://www.nmgroup.biz/nmsupplies/index.php

Composite Restoratives • Made from submicron glass filler and acrylic

resin and is available in many shades and
Bisco, Inc. mixtures for different classes of decay.
1100 W. Irving Park Rd.
Schaumburg IL, 60193 • Light-cured
800.247.3368 or 847-534-6000
E-mail: sales@bisco.com • Aesthetically pleasing to the eye and composed
http://www.bisco.com of less toxic material than amalgam.

Dental Filling Material (Mercury-Free Alternatives to Amalgam)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

23
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Glass Ionomer Restoratives • Glass particles hardened by 20 second UV light

exposure.
GC America, Inc.
3737 W. 127th Street • It takes fewer steps than compomers and
Alsip, IL 60803 composites to complete and is aesthetically
800-323-7063 pleasing to the eye.
E-mail: gca_sales@gcamerica.com
http://www.gcamerica.com/ • Continually releases fluoride to reduce tooth
decay and may be recharged.

• Not meant for molar restoration (wear more

easily than other restorative materials).

• Less toxic than amalgam.

Developer Solutions (No Hydroquinone)

FX-50 Black & White Film Developer • Film developer that uses sodium ascorbate
instead of hydroquinone.
Paterson Photographic Inc
4680-A Industrial Access Road • Less toxic than formulas containing
Douglasville, GA 30134 hydroquinone; however, this product needs to be
770-947-9796 disposed of as hazardous waste.
Fax: 770-949-5917
E-mail: paterphoto@aol.com • Produces fine grain picture comparable to
http://www.patersonphotographic.com products containing hydroquinone.

Kodak Xtol Developer • Black and white film developer powder.

Eastman Kodak Company • Available quantities range from 1 liter to 50

343 State Street liters.
Rochester, NY 14650
800-242-2424 • Does not contain hydroquinones.
http://www.kodak.com
• Less toxic than developers containing
hydroquinones.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

24
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Disinfectant/Antiseptic: Intermediate Surface Agents (No Phenols, Quaternary Ammonium, Iodophor

and Chlorhexidine Gluconate)

CIDEHOL® 70 Wipes • Contains 70% isopropanol.

Decon Labs, Inc. • Isopropanol is considered more hazardous than

890 County Line Road ethanol and must be disposed of as flammable
Bryn Mawr, PA 19010 hazardous waste.
800-332-6647
Fax: 610-964-0650 • Evaporates leaving no residue; however, use in
http://www.deconlabs.com well ventilated area.

EcoTru/Steri-Safe Disinfectant Cleaner • Less toxic effects than phenols, yet still effective
at killing many types of microbes.
ECOSAFE Products
180 Newport Center Drive, Suite 180 • Contains smaller amount of active ingredient
Newport Beach, CA 92660 parachlorometaxylenol (PCMX, 0.20%) than
949-285-6525 previously formulated solutions.
Fax: 949-640-8536
E-mail: johnmac@ecosafeproducts.com • PCMX is known to cause contact dermatitis.
http://www.ecosafeproducts.com
• May release chlorine gas at high temperatures, so
use caution and do not store in high temperature
area.

Sanihol® 70 • Disinfects with 70% denatured ethanol solution.

Decon Labs, Inc. • Evaporates leaving no residue; however, use in

890 County Line Road well ventilated area.
Bryn Mawr, PA 19010
800-332-6647 • Must be disposed of as flammable hazardous
Fax: 610-964-0650 waste.
http://www.deconlabs.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

25
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Disinfectant/Antiseptic: Intermediate Surface Agents (No Phenols, Quaternary Ammonium, Iodophor

and Chlorhexidine Gluconate)

TRADECON® Solution • Disinfectant spray contains 0.525% sodium

hypochlorite and sodium hydroxide.
Decon Labs, Inc.
890 County Line Road • Use in well ventilated area.
Bryn Mawr, PA 19010
800-332-6647 • Meets OSHA blood borne pathogen standards.
Fax: 610-964-0650
http://www.deconlabs.com

Ultra Clorox® Germicidal Bleach • Consists of 6-7.35% sodium hypochlorite and

less than 0.2% sodium hydroxide.
The Clorox Company
1221 Broadway • Claims manufacturing process guarantees no
Oakland, CA 94612 mercury in the final product.
510-271-7000
http://www.cloroxprofessional.com • Still needs to be handled as hazardous waste.
Available at local retail stores:
Call 888-797-7225 for local distributors • Use in a well ventilated area.

• Must be diluted to proper concentration.

• May damage some materials if not diluted

properly.

Displacement Relay (No Mercury)

E-SAFE® Relay, Solid State Relay and QPAC-SCR Comparable alternative to mercury relays for
processing applications.
Watlow Electric Manufacturing Company
12001 Lackland Road, St. Louis Low cost and long heater life with no wearable
Missouri, USA 63146 moving parts.
800-WATLOW
For local sales agent : 800-4WATLOW Vendor states correct air temperature
E-mail: info@watlow.com and flow is essential to properly operate a solid
http://www.watlow.com state relay.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

26
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Displacement Relay (No Mercury)

Single Phase Solid State Relay Comparable alternative to mercury relays in high
amperage or harsh environments (10 to 75
TEMPCO Electric Heater Corporation Amps).
607 North Central Avenue
Wood Dale, Illinois 60191 No wearable moving parts.
630-350-2252
Fax: 630-350-0232 CE or CSA certified.
E-mail: info@tempco.com
http://www.tempco.com Vendor states correct air temperature
and flow is essential to properly operate a solid
state relay.

Dry Cleaning Equipment: Non-Solvent

Aqua Clean Systems • Multi-process wet-cleaning system.

J&J Laundry Equipment • Uses less toxic solvents/detergents (Some may

877-463-5701 be harmful to aquatic life).
Fax: 989-463-5192
http://www.jnjlaundryequipment.com • Capacity ranges from 25 to 80lbs.

• Uses microprocessors to allow for precise

cleaning specifications.

• Wet-cleaning systems have difficulty cleaning

wools and rayons and may damage dry clean
only fabrics if not done right.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

27
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Dry Cleaning Equipment: Non-Solvent

Micare™ System • Utilizes liquid carbon dioxide and surfactants to

clean clothes.
Cool Clean Technologies, Inc.
3505 County Road 42 West • Detergents available through Caled Chemical
Burnsville, MN 55306-3803 and Laidlaw Corporation.
888-500-4900
http://www.co2olclean.com • Carbon dioxide will be recycled and may be
purchased through AGA/Linde Gas.

• Must pre or post-spot clean for dirty motor oil

and lipstick stains.

• They will provide training.

• Carbon dioxide is an inexpensive solvent.

Fixatives: Alternatives For B5 Solution and PVA (No Mercury)

AZF Fixative • Contains acetic zinc formalin and is mercury-

free.
Newcomer Supply
2505 Parview Rd. • Less acutely toxic, however it contains regulated
Middleton, WI 53562800-383-7799 hazardous waste (zinc, formaldehyde).
Fax: 608-831-0866
E-mail: newly@newcomersupply.com
http://www.newcomersupply.com

B5 Fixative Modified • Zinc Chloride-Stock Solution. Add formalin,

acetic acid or nothing depending on desired
Newcomer Supply results.
2505 Parview Rd.
Middleton, WI 53562 • Mercury-free.
800-383-7799
Fax: 608-831-0866 • Less toxic (Formalin may also be replaced with
E-mail: newly@newcomersupply.com less toxic solutions).
http://www.newcomersupply.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

28
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Fixatives: Alternatives For B5 Solution and PVA (No Mercury)

B-Plus Fixative™ • Contains formaldehyde and zinc.

BBC Biochemical • Mercury-free fixative for lymphoid and

8510 Cedarhome Dr. hematopoietic tissues.
Stanwood, WA 98292
800-635-4477 or 360-629-4477 • Less acutely toxic, however contains regulated
Fax: 360-629-4479 hazardous waste (zinc, formaldehyde).
E-mail: info_washington@bbcus.com
http://www.bbcus.com

Modified (Cu) PVA Fixative • Mercury-free fixative for parasite permanent

staining that contains copper sulfate.
Medical Chemical Corp.
19430 Van Ness Avenue • Copper sulfate is less toxic than mercury, but it
Torrance, CA 90501 still needs to be disposed of as hazardous waste.
800-424-9394 or 800-252-1125
Fax: 310-787-4464
Contact: Andy Rocha
E-mail: AndyRocha@med-chem.com
http://www.med-chem.com

PROTO-Fix Parasitology Fixative • Single vial PVA fixative; permanent stain and
concentrator for procedures including EIA, IFA
Alpha-Tec Systems and PCR. Permanent stain in 10 min.
P.O. Box 5435
Vancouver, WA 98668-5435 • No mercury or other heavy metals.
360-260-2779 or 800-221-6058
Fax: 360-260-3277 • Less hazardous than mercury fixatives.
E-mail: info@AlphaTecSystems.com
http://www.alphatecsystems.com • Comparable to mercury.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

29
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Fixatives: Alternatives For B5 Solution and PVA (No Mercury)

SAF Fixative • Contains sodium acetate, acetic acid and

formalin. Parasite fixative used for
Medical Chemical Corp. concentration, permanent staining, EIA and
19430 Van Ness Avenue ELISA procedures.
Torrance, CA 90501
800-424-9394 or 800-252-1125 • Mercury-free.
Fax: 310-787-4464
Contact: Andy Rocha • Although less toxic than mercury, formalin is
E-mail: AndyRocha@med-chem.com still hazardous waste and must be disposed of
http://www.med-chem.com properly.

UNIFIX • Parasite fixative for examination, permanent

staining, concentration and DFA procedures and
Medical Chemical Corp. can be used with trichrome and iron hematoxylin
19430 Van Ness Avenue stains.
Torrance, CA 90501
800-424-9394 or 800-252-1125 • Contains less toxic compounds than mercury and
Fax: 310-787-4464 formaldehyde.
Contact: Andy Rocha
E-mail: AndyRocha@med-chem.com • May not be compatible with all fecal
http://www.med-chem.com concentration systems.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

30
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Fixatives: Alternatives For B5 Solution and PVA (No Mercury)

Zinc-PVA • Formaldehyde fixative containing zinc used for

permanent staining of parasites available in
Medical Chemical Corp. transport vials.
19430 Van Ness Avenue
Torrance, CA 90501 • Mercury-free.
800-424-9394 or 800-252-1125
Fax: 310-787-4464 • Less toxic, but formaldehyde is a hazardous
Contact: Andy Rocha waste.
E-mail: AndyRocha@med-chem.com
http://www.med-chem.com

Remel
12076 Santa Fe Drive
Lenexa, KS 66215
800-255-6730
Fax: 800-621-8251
ISales@remel.com
http://www.remel.com

Meridian Bioscience, Inc.

3471 River Hills Drive
Cincinnati, OH 45244
800-543-1980 or 513-271-3700
Fax: 513-271-3762
http://www.meridianbioscience.com

Fixatives: Alternatives to Zenker’s (No Mercury)

Zenker’s Fixative Modified • Mercury-free, zinc chloride fixative as an

alternative to Zenker’s Fixative.
Newcomer Supply
(NSFRC-03K) • Although less toxic, zinc chloride needs to be
2505 Parview Rd. disposed of as hazardous waste.
Middleton, WI 53562
800-383-7799
Fax: 608-831-0866
E-mail: newly@newcomersupply.com
http://www.newcomersupply.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

31
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Fixatives: Alternatives to Zenker’s (No Mercury)

Zinc-Formal Fixx • Mercury-free fixative containing formaldehyde

and zinc.
National Diagnostics
305 Patton Drive • Less toxic.
Atlanta, Georgia 30336
404-699-212 or 800-526-3867 • Zinc and formaldehyde need to be disposed of as
Fax: 404-699-2077 hazardous waste.
E-mail: info@nationaldiagnostics.com
http://www.nationaldiagnostics.com

Fixative/Preservative For Tissues: Alternatives For Formalin and Bouin’s Solution (No Formaldehyde)

Carosafe Concentrate • Formaldehyde-free specimen preservative

containing propylene glycol, 95.5% ethylene
Carolina Biological Supply Company glycol.
2700 York Road
Burlington, NC 25721 • Less toxic and no odor.
800-227-1150
Fax: 800-222-7112 • Specimen still needs to undergo fixation using
E-mail: carolina@carolina.com formaldehyde first, so there will be trace
http://www.carolina.com amounts of formaldehyde within the fixed
specimen and must be disposed of according to
Washington State regulations.

Glyo-Fixx • Formaldehyde-free tissue fixative consisting of

glyoxal (dialdehyde) activated in methanol,
Shandon, Inc. ethanol and acetic acid.
171 Industry Dr.
Pittsburgh, PA 15275 • Works with the following stains: silver
800-245-6212, 412-788-1133 procedures, Schmorl’s for reducing substances,
Fax: 412-788-1138 PAS, Alcian blue, mucicarmine, Verheoff-Van
E-mail: thermoshandon@thermoshandon.com Gieson for elastin, and trichrome.
http://www.thermoshandon.com
• Low odor and no cross-linking.

• Follow proper disposal requirements for

Washington State.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

32
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Fixative/Preservative For Tissues: Alternatives For Formalin and Bouin’s Solution (No Formaldehyde)

Mirsky’s Fixative • Aldehyde tissue fixative that is formaldehyde

and glutaraldehyde-free.
National Diagnostics
305 Patton Drive • Less toxicity and low odor.
Atlanta, Georgia 30336
404-699-212 or 800-526-3867 • Need to purchase specific buffer to combine with
Fax: 404-699-2077 fixative.
E-mail: info@nationaldiagnostics.com
http://www.nationaldiagnostics.com • Follow proper disposal requirements for
Washington State.

Prefer • Formalin-free fixative composed of glyoxal (a

dialdehyde) in water and ethanol.
Anatech Ltd.
1020 Harts Lake Rd • Small biopsies fix in 45-60 min and large
Battle Creek, MI 49015 biopsies in 1-2 hrs.
800-262-8324 or 269-964-6450
Fax: 269-964-8084 • Hazardous concerns include ethanol and pH.
Contact: Dee Wolfe or Ada Feldman
E-mail: email@anatechltdusa.com, • Follow proper disposal requirements for
deewolfe@anatechltdusa.com, Washington State.
adafeldman@anatechltdusa.com
http://www.anatechltdusa.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

33
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Fixative/Preservative For Tissues: Alternatives For Formalin and Bouin’s Solution (No Formaldehyde)

S.T.F. • Histopathology tissue fixative consisting of 2-

bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol and zinc sulfate.
Streck Laboratories Inc.
14306 Industrial Road • It is aldehyde and alcohol-free.
Omaha, NE 68144
800-228-6090 • Avoid heating and alkaline pH (will produce
http://www.streck.com toxic hydrogen bromide and toxic oxides).

• Exempt from EPA disposal regulations

according to vendor; however, check to make
sure Washington State requirements are met.

• Utilizes paraffin imbedded tissue that enhances

tissue morphology and nuclear detail (vendor
claim).

Uni-Fix™ • Tissue fixative substitute for 10% Neutral

Buffered Formalin composed of glyoxal
BBC Biochemical (dialdehyde).
8510 Cedarhome Dr.
Stanwood, WA 98292 • Follow proper disposal requirements for
800-635-4477 or 360-629-4477 Washington State.
Fax: 360-629-4479
E-mail: info_washington@bbcus.com
http://www.bbcus.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

34
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Float Switches (No Mercury)

Aleph Reed and Opto Sensor Switches • Mercury-free level sensors in single and twin
options.
Aleph International
1026 Griswold Avenue • Dry and vacuum reed switches.
San Fernando, CA 91340
818-365-9856 or 800-423-5622 • Avoid wetted switches (wetted with mercury).
Fax: 818-365-7274
Http://www.aleph-usa.com

Temco Northwest
19310 North Creek Parkway
Building 2 Suite 112
Bothell, WA 98011
425-481-6150
Fax: 425-481-6073
Contact: Tracy Williams
E-mail: tracyw@temconorthwest.com
http://www.gei-inc.com

Dry Reed Switches • Switch may be actuated by an electromagnet, a

permanent magnet or a combination of both.
Coto Technologies
55 DuPont Drive • Device used in sensors, relays, pulse counters,
Providence, RI 02907-3105 etc.
401-943-2686
Fax: 401-942-0920 • Mercury-free.
E-mail: sales@cotorelay.com
http://www.cotorelay.com/index.htm

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

35
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Float Switches (No Mercury)

Dwyer Float Switches • Many kinds of mercury-free float switches (e.g.

reed switches).
Dwyer Instruments Inc.
PO Box 373 • Click on “level” for product search.
102 Indiana Hwy. 212
Michigan City, IN 46361
219-879-8000
Fax: 219-872-9057
E-mail: info@dwyer-inst.com
http://www.dwyer-inst.com

FS 90 316 Stainless Steel Float Switch 316 Stainless Steel with a 5.5" diameter.

Contegra Inc. Mercury-free form C contact.

1286 Carriage Hills Dr.
Eagan, MN 55123 Fixed level mounting for cable or pipe.
651-905-0900
Fax: 651-454-4665 Switch ratings are 150 VAC/VDC maximum, 1
E-mail: contegra@Contegra.com Amp. maximum, 25 Watts maximum and non-
http://www.contegra.com/Products.htm inductive.

Kari and Kari Mini Float Switches Control device for filling and discharging pumps,
motor and magnetic valves and may be used as
Quality Monitoring Instruments Ltd. an alarm device at certain predetermined surface
5 Hampstead West, levels.
224 Iverson Road,
London. Kari mini float switch is 80mm in diameter and is
NW6 2HL capable of fitting into narrow spaces.
E-mail: qmi@oilmist.com or tech@oilmist.com
http://www.oilmist.com 24V is recommended with flammable liquid,
otherwise approved for use at 250V.

Mercury- and lead-free.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

36
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Float Switches (No Mercury)

Level Switches and Level Sensors • All Madison products are mercury-free.

Madison Company • They carry a variety of liquid level switches and

27 Business Park Dr. sensors including dry reed switches, magnetic,
Branford, CT 06405 non-contact and conductivity sensors as well as
800-466-5383 or 203-488-4477 many more.
Fax: 203-481-5036
E-mail: info@madisonco.com • Have models that are capable of withstanding
http://www.madisonco.com temperatures up to 300°C, harsh environments
and pressures up to 500psi.

• Standard floats available in stainless steel,

polypropylene, Buna-N and Kynar materials as
well as different shapes and sizes.

Liquid Level, Liquid Flow and Air Flow Switches • All three types are offered in mercury-free
options.
McDonnell & Miller
3500 North Spaulding Avenue • Competitive pricing.
Chicago, IL60618
773-267-1600
Fax: 773-267-0991
http://www.mcdonnellmiller.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

37
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Float Switches (No Mercury)

Mighty Mack 1944 series Float Switches Model LS-1944-1 and model LS-1944-2 have been
ABS & epoxy pressure tested to 30 PSI (830
Custom Switches, Inc. inches water).
P.O.Box 111
Manvel, TX 77578 Designed for holding tanks, sumps, lift stations,
281-489-7844 cooling towers and sewage systems.
Fax: 281-489-7521
E-mail: sales@customswitches.com Used as high level alarms, low level alarms,
http://www.customswitches.com starting or stopping pumps, motors and heaters.

They use a single pole double throw Form "C"

switch with a contact rating of 3 amps DC.

The LS-1944-1 model is a narrow angle (45

degrees) float switch and the LC-1944-2 is a
mechanical latching wide angle (180 degrees)
float switch.

Multipoint or single point control and not affected

by floating material and turbulence.

NKP Level Switch • Magnet and reed switch set up.

Kobold Instruments, Inc. • Mercury-free.

1801 Parkway View Drive
Pittsburgh, PA 15205 • Low cost and resists many caustic chemicals.
412-788-2830
412-788-4890 • Works well for tanks with inaccessible tops or
E-mail: info@koboldusa.com bottoms.
http://www.koboldmessring.com
• Polypropylene or PVDF float.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

38
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Float Switches (No Mercury)

NWS Vibrating Level Switch • Works with many liquids and unaffected by
vibrations.
Kobold Instruments, Inc.
1801 Parkway View Drive • Tuning fork that triggers alarm when liquid
Pittsburgh, PA 15205 causes the fork to vibrate at a different
412-788-2830 frequency.
412-788-4890
E-mail: info@koboldusa.com • Mercury-free.
http://www.koboldmessring.com

PAC™ Series Pressure Activated Control Systems All settings and adjustments made outside the
container and is mercury-free.
Ballagh Liquid Technologies, Inc
121 North Street W., R R 2, CSI Submersible pressure bell.
Wingham, Ontario Canada N0G 2W0
877-312-4600 or 519-357-4600 25 feet of heavy duty polyurethane interconnect
519-357-4630 tubing.
E-mail: info@bliquidtech.com
http://www.bliquidtech.com Low level and loss of pressure alarms.

Not affected by grease, floating debris or turbidity

(vendor claim).

Works in temperature range of -40°F to 185°F.

Manual hand operation via momentary switch for

pump run and alarm test.

Price is comparable to mercury switches.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

39
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Float Switches (No Mercury)

Pump Down to Empty Tank Float Switches Product # 10-0032, 10-0033 and 10-0034 are
mercury-free.
Dean Bennett Supply
1770 East 69th Ave Piggy-back plug for use with up to 13 amps
Denver, CO 80229-7327 maximum for the junior switches and 15 amps
800-621-4291 or 303-286-1500 maximum for the super switches.
Fax: 303-286-0001
E-mail: pumpsdbs@aol.com 115V and 230V use options.
http://www.deanbennett.com

Reed Switches • Single and multi-point magnetically actuated

reed switches.
Uehling Instrument Company
473 Getty Ave. • Unlimited lengths available.
Paterson, NJ 07503
973-742-8710 • Materials include brass, stainless, teflon, PVC,
Fax: 973-742-1205 buna, nylon, kynar and polypropylene.
E-mail: info@uehling.com
http://www.uehling.com • Top, bottom and side mount options.

• Avoid mercury wetted reed switches.

Series FSW Free-Floating Level Switch • Dual level switch designed to control the liquid
or slurry levels in filling or draining reservoirs
Dwyer Instruments Inc. and tanks.
PO Box 373
102 Indiana Hwy. 212 • Mercury-free inverter microswitch housed in a
Michigan City, IN 46361 polypropylene cover.
219-879-8000
Fax: 219-872-9057
E-mail: info@dwyer-inst.com
http://www.dwyer-inst.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

40
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Float Switches (No Mercury)

SJE SIGNALMASTER® and SJE Mechanically activated, narrow angle float switch.
SIGNALMASTER® SPDT Control Switches
Activates pump control panels and alarms.
SJE Rhombus Controls
PO Box 1708 Do not use for controlling electric loads less than
Detroit Lakes, MN 56502 100 mAmps or for controlling non-arcing
888-DIAL-SJE or 218-847-1317 electric loads.
Fax: 218-847-4617
E-mail: sje@sjerhombus.com Polypropylene float that is capable of withstanding
http://www.sjerhombus.com temperatures up to 140°F.

Maximum water depth of 30 feet or 13psi.

Can measure low levels and high levels.

Two mounting options and more than 4 different

lengths available.

Passed NSF Standard 61 protocol.

Not sensitive to rotation.

STI Float Switches • Many kinds of mercury-free float switches (e.g.

ultrasonic).
Scientific Technologies, Inc.
6550 Dumbarton Circle
Fremont, California 94555-3611
510-608-3400
Fax: 510-744-1442
Contact: James Lazzara
http://www.safetyonline.com

Gloves: Examination Gloves (No Latex)

Note: Most medical supply facilities carry latex-free gloves. Here are a few examples.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

41
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Adenna NPF Nitrile Powder Free Exam Gloves • Powder-free nitrile gloves with textured surface
for better grip.
Adenna, Inc.
12216 McCann Drive • Ambidextrous gloves.
Santa Fe Springs, CA 90670
888-323-3662 • Material is less likely to cause an allergic
http://www.adenna.com reaction.

• Passed ASTM F1671 viral penetration test (note:

vendor reported).

Maxxim SensiCare™ Nitrile and Sensicare NXP • Nitrile gloves available with or without powder.
Exam Gloves
• Passed ASTM F1671 viral penetration and has
Maxxim Medical been tested for barrier protection against
One Medline Place chemicals (contact vendor for details).
Mundelein, Illinois 60060
800-727-7951 • Standard nitrile glove is less durable and thinner.
Fax: 1-800-351-1512
E-mail: Maxximhelp@medline.com • Material is less likely to cause an allergic
http://www.maxximmedical.com reaction.

SmartCare NitraPF™ • Nitrile gloves available with or without powder.

SmartCare, Inc.
800-822-8956 • Passed ASTM F1671 viral penetration test for
http://www.smartcare.com resistance to bloodborne pathogens and verified
barrier protection against various chemotherapy
drugs using ASTM test methods. Contact
vendor for specifics.

• Latex-free material is less likely to cause an

allergic reaction.

Gloves: Examination Gloves (No Latex)

Note: Most medical supply facilities carry latex-free gloves. Here are a few examples.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

42
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Tillotson Dual Advantage Exam Gloves • Nitrile rubber exterior and a PolyGlide™ latex-
free interior to allow for easy pull on and
Tillotson Healthcare Corporation removal.
10 Glenshaw Street
Orangeburg, NY 10962 • Passed ASTM F1671 viral penetration test for
800-445-6830 or 888-335-7500 resistance to bloodborne pathogens and verified
Fax: 603-627-8000 barrier protection against glutaraldehyde,
E-mail: info@thcnet.com formaldehyde and Cidex 7 using ASTM test
Contact: Debi Moline, John Moulden or Joe Kastner methods. Contact vendor for specifics.
E-mail: moline@thcnet.com, john@dynarex.com,
dynatill@aol.com respectively • Latex-free material is less likely to cause an
http://thcnet.com allergic reaction.

Gloves: Surgical Gloves (Latex-Free)

Note: Most medical supply stores carry latex-free gloves. Here are a few examples.

Ansell-Perry Derma Prene® Surgical Glove • Neoprene gloves that contain chlorine (potential
for hazardous incineration byproducts).
Ansell-Perry
Red Bank, NJ 07701 • Available with or without powder.
800-321-9752
Contact: Dan Grant (ext 7760) • No report on resistance to bloodborne pathogens
E-mail: infousa@ansellhealthcare.com or or chemicals using ASTM methods.
dgrant@ansell.com
http://www.ansellhealthcare.com • Latex-free material is less likely to cause an
allergic reaction.

Gloves: Surgical Gloves (Latex-Free)

Note: Most medical supply stores carry latex-free gloves. Here are a few examples.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

43
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

ECI Elastyfree Surgical Gloves • Synthetic copolymer glove that is powder-,

latex-, accelerator-, chlorine- and PVC-free.
ECI Medical Technologies, Canada
2 Cook Road, Bridgewater Nova Scotia, Canada B4V • Passed the ASTM F1671 viral penetration test
3W7 for bloodborne pathogens.
800-668-5289
Fax: 866-668-5289 • Material is less likely to cause an allergic
http://www.ecimedical.com reaction and is less hazardous than other glove
materials listed above.

Regent Biogel® Surgical Gloves Powder-free, neoprene gloves that contain chlorine
(potential for hazardous incineration byproducts).
Regent Hospital Products
800-763-6364 No report on resistance to bloodborne pathogens or
http://www.regentmedical.com chemicals using ASTM methods.

SSL Americas Latex-free material is less likely to cause an allergic

3585 Engineering Drive (Suite 200) Norcross, Georgia reaction.
30092-2820
888-566-3662
Fax: 770 582 2233
http://www.regentmedical.com

Gloves: Examination Gloves (No Latex)

Note: Most medical supply facilities carry latex-free gloves. Here are a few examples.

Adenna NPF Nitrile Powder Free Exam Gloves • Powder-free nitrile gloves with textured surface
for better grip.
Adenna, Inc.
12216 McCann Drive • Ambidextrous gloves.
Santa Fe Springs, CA 90670
888-323-3662 • Material is less likely to cause an allergic
http://www.adenna.com reaction.

• Passed ASTM F1671 viral penetration test (note:

vendor reported).

Gloves: Examination Gloves (No Latex)

Note: Most medical supply facilities carry latex-free gloves. Here are a few examples.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

44
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Allerderm® Nitrile Exam Gloves • Powder-free nitrile gloves with textured grip.

Allerderm Laboratories, Inc. • No report on resistance to bloodborne pathogens

PO Box 5295 or chemicals using ASTM methods.
Phoenix, AZ 85010-5295
800-365-6868 • Material is less likely to cause an allergic
Fax: (800) 926-4568 reaction.
E-mail: info@allerderm.com
http://www.allerderm.com

Ansell-Perry Nitra-Tex™ and Nitra-Touch® Exam • Nitrile gloves available with or without powder.
Gloves
• No report on resistance to bloodborne pathogens
Ansell-Perry or chemicals using ASTM methods.
Red Bank, NJ 07701
800-321-9752 • Nitra-Tex™ has textured wet-grip surface.
Contact: Dan Grant (ext 7760)
E-mail: infousa@ansellhealthcare.com or • Material is less likely to cause an allergic
dgrant@ansell.com reaction.
http://www.ansellhealthcare.com

Gloves: Examination Gloves (No Latex)

Note: Most medical supply facilities carry latex-free gloves. Here are a few examples.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

45
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

ECI Elastyren® Examination Gloves • Non-sterile procedure glove that passed the
ASTM viral penetration test for bloodborne
ECI Medical Technologies, Canada pathogens.
2 Cook Road, Bridgewater Nova Scotia, Canada B4V
3W7 • They do not contain powder, accelerator, latex,
800-668-5289 chlorine or PVC.
Fax: 866-668-5289
http://www.ecimedical.com • Material is less likely to cause an allergic
reaction and is less hazardous than other glove
Allerderm Laboratories, Inc. materials.
PO Box 2070
Petaluma, CA, 94953-2070
707-765-6868

McKesson Medical-Surgical Inc.

8741 Landmark Road
Richmond, VA, 23228
804-264-7500

Midland Hospital Supply

2011 Great Northern Drive
PO Box 2685
Fargo, ND, 58108
701-235-4451

Gloves: Examination Gloves (No Latex)

Note: Most medical supply facilities carry latex-free gloves. Here are a few examples.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

46
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Safeskin Blue Nitrile and Purple Nitrile™ • Nitrile gloves available with or without powder.
Examination Gloves
• Passed ASTM F1671 viral penetration test for
Safeskin Corporation resistance to bloodborne pathogens and verified
(Division of Kimberly-Clark) barrier protection against glutaraldehyde, various
1400 Holcomb Bridge Rd chemicals and various chemotherapy drugs using
Roswell, GA 30076 ASTM test methods. Contact vendor for
800-462-9993 or 800-255-6401 specifics.
Fax: 800-579-3555
E-mail: safety.cust.support@kcc.com • Purple nitrile gloves intended to be similar in fit
http://www.safeskin.com and comfort to latex.

• Latex-free material is less likely to cause an

allergic reaction.

Tillotson True Advantage Accelerator Free Nitrile • Purple nitrile gloves available with or without
Exam Gloves powder.

Tillotson Healthcare Corporation • Accelerator-free and latex-free material is less

10 Glenshaw Street likely to cause an allergic reaction.
Orangeburg, NY 10962
800-445-6830 or 888-335-7500 • Passed ASTM F1671 viral penetration test for
Fax: 603-627-8000 resistance to bloodborne pathogens and passed
E-mail: info@thcnet.com ASTM F739; 8 hour barrier protection against
Contact: Debi Moline, John Moulden or Joe Kastner glutaraldehyde (50%), formaldehyde (37%) and
E-mail: moline@thcnet.com, john@dynarex.com, Cidex 7 (glutaraldehyde 2.5%). Contact vendor
dynatill@aol.com respectively for specifics.
http://thcnet.com

Gloves: Surgical Gloves (Latex-Free)

Note: Most medical supply stores carry latex-free gloves. Here are a few examples.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

47
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Ansell-Perry Elite™ Surgical Glove Polyurethane gloves available with or without

powder.
Ansell-Perry
Red Bank, NJ 07701 No report on resistance to bloodborne pathogens or
800-321-9752 chemicals using ASTM methods.
Contact: Dan Grant (ext 7760)
E-mail: infousa@ansellhealthcare.com or Latex-free material is less likely to cause an
dgrant@ansell.com allergic reaction.
http://www.ansellhealthcare.com

ECI Elastyfree Surgical Gloves • Synthetic copolymer glove that is powder-,

latex-, accelerator-, chlorine- and PVC-free.
ECI Medical Technologies, Canada
2 Cook Road, Bridgewater Nova Scotia, Canada B4V • Passed the ASTM F1671 viral penetration test
3W7 for bloodborne pathogens.
800-668-5289
Fax: 866-668-5289 • Material is less likely to cause an allergic
http://www.ecimedical.com reaction and is less hazardous than other glove
materials listed above.

Maxxim Neolon™ Surgical Glove • Neoprene gloves that contain chlorine (potential
for hazardous incineration byproducts).
Maxxim Medical
One Medline Place • Available with or without powder.
Mundelein, Illinois 60060
800-727-7951 • Passed ASTM F1671 viral penetration test for
Fax: 1-800-351-1512 resistance to bloodborne pathogens and passed
E-mail: Maxximhelp@medline.com barrier protection against various chemicals.
http://www.maxximmedical.com
• Latex-free material is less likely to cause an
allergic reaction.

Gloves: Surgical Gloves (Latex-Free)

Note: Most medical supply stores carry latex-free gloves. Here are a few examples.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

48
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Regent Biogel® Surgical Gloves Powder-free, neoprene gloves that contain chlorine
(potential for hazardous incineration byproducts).
Regent Hospital Products
800-763-6364 No report on resistance to bloodborne pathogens or
http://www.regentmedical.com chemicals using ASTM methods.

SSL Americas Latex-free material is less likely to cause an allergic

3585 Engineering Drive (Suite 200) Norcross, Georgia reaction.
30092-2820
888-566-3662
Fax: 770 582 2233
http://www.regentmedical.com

Histological Clearing Agents (No Xylene)

AmeriClear or Citrus Clearing Solvent • Xylene-free D-limonene based solvent that can
replace xylene in all applications, but it may
Richard Allan Scientific require process modification.
(Cat No. 8301)
4481 Campus Drive • Less toxic than xylene.
Kalamazoo, MI 49008 .
800-522-7270 • Do not need to place in flammable storage
Fax: 269-372-2809 cabinet.
Contact: Tyna Smith Ext. 634
E-mail: tsmith@rallansci.com • Limonene may be a sensitizing agent.
http://www.rallansci.com
• Greasy.

Histological Clearing Agents (No Xylene)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

49
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Clear-Rite™3 Xylene-free non-citrus based clearing reagent

(isoparaffinic aliphatic hydrocarbon) that allows
Richard Allan Scientific for lipid extraction during tissue processing and
(Cat No. 6901, 6905, 6955) renders complete deparaffinization and clearing
4481 Campus Drive during staining process.
Kalamazoo, MI 49008
800-522-7270 Does not produce hard or brittle specimens and can
Fax: 269-372-2809 be used in all tissue processors and automatic
Contact: Tyna Smith Ext. 634 stainers.
E-mail: tsmith@rallansci.com
http://www.rallansci.com Benzene-free, non-greasy, very low odor.

Less toxic than xylene.

May require process modification. It is not

compatible with all coverslips.

Clearene • Histology clearing reagent substitute for xylene.

Surgipath Medical Industries • Consists of redistilled D-Limonene, which may

5205 Route 12 be a sensitizing agent.
Richmond, IL 60071
800-225-8867 or 815-678-2000 • Less toxic than xylene.
Fax: 815-678-2216
http://www.surgipath.com • Greasy.

Histo-Clear • Less toxic histological clearing reagent made

from food oil distillate where no protocol
National Diagnostics alteration is necessary for slide staining.
305 Patton Drive
Atlanta, Georgia 30336 • Reduced flammability, low odor and
404-699-212 or 800-526-3867 biodegradable.
Fax: 404-699-2077
E-mail: info@nationaldiagnostics.com
http://www.nationaldiagnostics.com

Histological Clearing Agents (No Xylene)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

50
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Histo-ClearII • Histological clearing reagent manufactured from

petrochemical products (food oil distillate).
National Diagnostics
305 Patton Drive • Reduced aromatic vapor and biodegradable.
Atlanta, Georgia 30336
404-699-2121 or 800-526-3867 • Do not need to place in flammable storage
Fax: 404-699-2077 cabinet.
E-mail: info@nationaldiagnostics.com
http://www.nationaldiagnostics.com • Less toxic than xylene clearing reagents.

Histo-Sol • Xylene-free histological clearing reagent

manufactured from petrochemical products (food
National Diagnostics oil distillate) that can replace xylene in all
305 Patton Drive applications.
Atlanta, Georgia 30336
404-699-212 or 800-526-3867 • Reduced aromatic vapor and less toxic than
Fax: 404-699-2077 xylene clearing reagents.
E-mail: info@nationaldiagnostics.com
http://www.nationaldiagnostics.com • Do not need to place in flammable storage
cabinet.

Pro-par Clearant Uses propylene glycol ether, paraffinic solvent

(aliphatic hydrocarbon) in place of xylene.
Anatech Ltd.
1020 Harts Lake Rd Greaseless, low odor, non-sensitizing, recyclable
Battle Creek, MI 49015 and combustible.
800-262-8324 or 269-964-6450
Fax: 269-964-8084 May require process modification.
Contact: Dee Wolfe or Ada Feldman
E-mail: email@anatechltdusa.com, Less toxic than xylene clearing reagents.
deewolfe@anatechltdusa.com,
adafeldman@anatechltdusa.com
http://www.anatechltdusa.com

Histological Clearing Agents (No Xylene)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

51
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Shandon Xylene Substitute • Aliphatic hydrocarbon used for processing,

staining, and coverslipping.
Shandon, Inc.
171 Industry Dr. • Less toxic than xylene clearing reagents, low
Pittsburgh, PA 15275 odor and non-greasy.
800-245-6212, 412-788-1133
Fax: 412-788-1138
• Can be recycled using solvent recyclers.
E-mail: thermoshandon@thermoshandon.com
http://www.thermoshandon.com

Sub-X™ Xylene Substitute • Histological clearing reagent made from

aliphatic hydrocarbons.
Surgipath Medical Industries
5205 Route 12 • Xylene-free and non-greasy.
Richmond, IL 60071
800-225-8867 or 815-678-2000 • Less toxic than xylene-based reagents.
Fax: 815-678-2216
http://www.surgipath.com

Histology Staining Kits (No Mercury, Less Waste)

BBL® Stain Kits • Have a variety of stain kits (e.g. gram).

Voigt Global Distribution LLC • Stain kits produce less waste than larger bottles
P.O. Box 412762 of stains sold separately.
Kansas City, MO 64141-2762
816-471-9500
Fax: 816-471-9502
E-mail: tech-support@VGDLLC.com,
sales@VGDLLC.com
http://www.vgdllc.com

Histology Staining Kits (No Mercury, Less Waste)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

52
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Hematology and Histology Stain Kits • Have a variety of stain kits (e.g. gram).

Sigma-Aldrich • Stain kits produce less waste than larger bottles

800-325-5832 of stains sold separately.
http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/Area_of_Interest/The
_Americas/United_States.html

Histology and Microscopy Kits • Have a variety of stain kits.

400 Valley Road, Warrington, PA 18976

800)523-2575
• Stain kits produce less waste than larger bottles
fax: (800)343-3291 of stains sold separately.
info@polysciences.com
http://www.polysciences.com

Histology Stains (No Mercury)

Harris-Hematoxylin • Mercury-free hematoxylin stain containing

alcohol, al-ammonium sulfate and sodium
Anatech Ltd. iodate.
1020 Harts Lake Rd
Battle Creek, MI 49015 • Less toxic.
800-262-8324 or 269-964-6450
Fax: 269-964-8084 • Generally used in regressive methods, but may
Contact: Dee Wolfe or Ada Feldman be used in progressive methods in histology and
E-mail: email@anatechltdusa.com, cytology preparations.
deewolfe@anatechltdusa.com,
adafeldman@anatechltdusa.com
http://www.anatechltdusa.com

SurgiPath Medical Industries

P.O. Box 528
Richmond IL 60071
800-225-3035 or 815-678-2000
FAX: 815-678-2216
E-mail: kpierce@surgipath.com
http://www.surgipath.com

Histology Stains (No Mercury)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

53
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Histological Stains • All histological staining reagents are mercury-

free and are comparable to those containing
Richard Allan Scientific mercury.
4481 Campus Drive
Kalamazoo, MI 49008 • All stains less toxic than those containing
800-522-7270 mercury; however, please follow hazardous
Fax: 269-372-2809 waste guidelines if necessary.
Contact: Tyna Smith Ext. 634
E-mail: tsmith@rallansci.com
http://www.rallansci.com

HVAC Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Systems and Components (No Mercury)

Heating, Air Conditioning, Ventilation and • All of their components contain material less
Refrigeration Units toxic than mercury.

York International Corp. • Systems equivalent to those with mercury

631 South Richland Avenue components.
York, PA 17403
717-771-7890 • No mercury may reduce the disposal cost.
Fax: 717-771-7381
http://www.york.com

Heating and Air Conditioning Units • Mercury-free systems are available upon request.

Lennox® Commercial Comfort Systems • Systems equivalent to those with mercury

12775 Reservoir Street components; however, they are less hazardous.
Chino, CA 91710
909-627-7647, 253-872-3876 or 800-4-LENNOX • No mercury may reduce the disposal cost.
http://www.lennoxcommercial.com

HVAC Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Systems and Components (No Mercury)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

54
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Trane Air Conditioning and Heating • Air Conditioning and Heating Systems are
available with mercury-free components when
715 N. Hogan requested.
Spokane, WA 99220
509-535-9057 • Systems equivalent to those with mercury
Fax: 509-535-4353 components; however, they are less hazardous.
http://www.trane.com/Spokane
or • No mercury may reduce the disposal cost.
2021 152nd Avenue NE
Redmond, WA 98052
425-643-4310
Fax: 425-643-4314
http://www.trane.com/Seattle

Intraocular Pressure Reducers (No Mercury)

Honan Intraocular Pressure Reducer • Uses air pressure to soften the eyes instead of
mercury.
Lebanon Corporation
1700 N. Lebanon St. • Applies up to 60 mmHg pressure.
Lebanon, Indiana 46052
800-428-2310 or 765-482-5284 or 765-482-7273 • Use before and/or after retrobulbar, peribulbar or
FAX: 765-482-5660 subtenons anesthesia.
http://www.honanballoon.com
• Contains latex (may cause allergic reaction).

Infectious Waste Bags (No Cadmium)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

55
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Bio-Elite™ Red Biohazard Bags Cadmium-free.

Bio-Elite Inc. Consists of high density polyethylene (HDPE),

562-824-3942 linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) and
Contact: Rocco Intriere recycled material.
Bioelite1@mac.com
Lighter than standard low-density red bags

Less cost.

Heritage Biohazard Bags • Bags and ink are heavy metal-free.

Heritage Bag Company • Available in low-density and high-density

12320 4th Street polymers.
Rancho Cucamonga, CA 91730
800-423-1555 or 909-899-5554
Fax: 909-899-5517
Contact: C. Johnson or M. Schmeer or Ross Hall
http://www.heritage-bag.com

Stericycle Red Biohazard Bags and Liners All bags and liners are cadmium-free.

Stericycle
28161 North Keith Drive
Lake Forest, Illinois 60045
800-643-0240 or 800-355-8773
Fax: 847-367-9493
E-mail: customercare@stericycle.com
http://www.stericycle.com

Tyco Hospi-Tuff Biohazard Bags • Heavy metal-free.

Tyco Plastics (A Tyco International Ltd. Company) • Available in high-density and low-density can
800-873-3941 or 800-551-5036 liners with or without printing.
http://www.tycoplastics.com

Laboratory Analyses: Colorimetric Chloride and Sequential Multiple Analysis Alternatives (No
Mercury)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

56
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

ION450 and ION570 Ion Selective Electrodes (ISE) • The ION570 measures pH, conductivity and ISE.

Hach Company • Measurements are taken using standard additions

5600 Lindbergh Drive or direct measurements.
PO Box 389
Loveland, Colorado 80539 • Operates ideally for the temperature range 5 to
Radiometer Analytical sales 40°C and the relative humidity range of 20 to
970-669-3050 80%.
Fax: 970-669-2932
E-mail: ra@hach.com • Measuring ranges include -9 to 23 pH, ±2000
http://www.hach.com mV, 4 µS to 400 mS and -10°C to +100°C.

• Resolutions are 0.001 pH, 0.1 mV, Conductivity:

1/4000 of the scale and 0.1°C.

• Less toxic, mercury-free alternative.

Ion Selective Electrodes (ISE) • Electrodes include Cadmium, Chloride, Copper,

Cyanide, Fluoride, Iodide, Lead, Silver, Sulfide,
Weiss Research Inc. Ammonia, Ammonium, Barium, Calcium,
PO BOX 720109 Carbonate, Fluroborate, Nitrate, Nitrite,
Houston TX 77272 Perchlorate, Potassium, Sodium and water
888-44-WEISS hardness.
Fax 281-879-9666
E-mail: electrodes@weissresearch.com • Less toxic, mercury-free alternative.
http://www.weissresearch.com
• Website contains ranges and chemical
interferences.

Laboratory Glass and Pipette Cleaner (No Chromic-Sulfuric Acid)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

57
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Alconox • Anionic detergent for manual and ultrasonic

cleaning of contaminants from glassware, metals,
Alconox plastic, ceramic, porcelain, rubber and fiberglass.
30 Glen St. Suite 309
White Plains, NY 10603 • Less toxic; acid and chromium-free.
914-948-4040
• May contain mercury unless purchased after
1998.

Nitric Acid • Less toxic than chromic sulfuric acid.

Fisher Scientific • Will need to neutralize before pouring into

https://www1.fishersci.com/index.jsp sanitary sewer, dispose of as hazardous waste or
recover and reuse. Please check with local
Red Bird Services requirements; may be subject to water quality
http://www.redbirdservic.com regulations.

ScienceLab.COM • Dilute to 20% and use heavy gloves.

http://www.sciencelab.com

Brainerd Chemical Company Inc.

http://www.brainerdchemical.com

NOCHROMIX® Laboratory Glass Cleaning • Chromium-free crystalline inorganic oxidizer.

Reagent
• Avoid inhalation of powder.
GODAX Laboratories, Inc.
720-B Erie Avenue • Needs to be combined with sulfuric acid to
Takoma Park, MD 20912 activate and must be neutralized before release,
301-320-6763 disposed of as hazardous waste or recover and
Fax: 301-320-6654 reused.
E-mail: customerservice@godax.com
http://www.godax.com • Classified as hazardous material and must be
shipped accordingly.

• May be subject to water quality regulations.

Lighting (Low Mercury)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

58
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments
Sun Wave Super Watt Reducer Full Spectrum • Full spectrum fluorescent bulb available in a 32
Fluorescent Lights watt with a length of 48 inches.

Green Home, Inc. • T-8s contain less mercury than traditional

877-282-6400 fluorescent bulbs and save 6 - 18% energy over
E-mail: help@greenhome.com typical T-8s.
http://www.greenhome.com

ParaLite Full Spectrum Fluorescent Bulbs • Offer a variety of low mercury fluorescent bulbs
at reasonable prices.
Full Spectrum Solutions, Inc.
PO Box 1087 • Vendor claims bulbs contain 70% less mercury
Jackson, MI 49204 than traditional fluorescent bulbs.
888-574-7014
Fax: 866-366-4029
shannon@fullspectrumsolutions.com
http://www.fullspectrumsolutions.com

Manometers (No Mercury)

Hand Held Digital Manometers • Laboratory manometers from basic to advanced

models with many different features as options.
Topac
101 Derby Street • Mercury-free.
Hingham, MA 02043
781-740-8778
Fax: 781-740-8779
http://www.topac.com

Manometers (No Mercury)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

59
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

INFILTEC Digital Manometers • Micro- and regular manometers in single and

dual styles.
108 South Delphine Avenue
PO Box 1125 • Mercury-free.
Waynesboro, VA 22980
888-349-7236 or 540-943-2776
Fax: 540-932-3025
E-mail: infiltec@rica.net
http://www.infiltec.com

Microtector® Portable Electronic Point Gage: • Measures positive, negative or differential

Model 1430 pressures to ±0.00025" water column over a 0 to
2" w.c. range.
Dwyer Instruments Inc.
PO Box 373 • Indicating fluid consists of distilled water and
102 Indiana Hwy. 212 Dwyer A-126 Fluorescein green color
Michigan City, IN 46361 concentrate.
219-879-8000
Fax: 219-872-9057 • Maximum pressure measurement is 100psi.
E-mail: info@dwyer-inst.com
http://www.dwyer-inst.com

Mercury(II) Oxide Alternatives (No Mercury)

Copper Catalysts • Have cuprous (I) oxide and cupric (II) oxide
reagents that may be used as less toxic
Sciencelab.com, Inc. alternatives for mercury (II) oxide assay.
1407 North Park Dr.
Kingwood, Texas 77339 • Less toxic than mercury.
1.800.901.7247 or 281.354.6400
Fax: 281-354-6789
E-mail: orders@sciencelab.com
http://www.sciencelab.com

Mops and Cloths (Wet Loop Mop Alternatives)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

60
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Clean House Microfiber Cleaning Products • Have microfiber mops and cloths.

Clean System US • Use less chemicals and water than wet loop
2301 Kerner Blvd, Suite B mops, therefore reduces cleaning time and
San Rafael, CA 94901 chances for possible injury.
415-939-0301
415-454-1740 • Light weight and last longer than loop mops.
E-mail: contact@cleansystem.com
http://www.cleansystem.com • Need to be laundered after each use and should
not laundered in industrial machines where
temperatures raise above 160 degrees Fahrenheit.

• Do not use fabric softener or bleach when

laundering.

• Wet loop mops should be used in areas with

large amounts of blood or body fluid instead of
microfiber mops.

Edge Tech Industries Microfiber Products • Have microfiber mops and cloths.

Edge Tech Industries • Use less chemicals and water than regular mops,
800-250-2440 therefore reduces cleaning time and chances for
possible injury.

• Limitations are the same as Clean House

Microfiber Cleaning Products.

Ross Products Amazing Cloth Microfiber Products • Have microfiber mops and cloths.

Ross Products • Use less chemicals and water than regular mops,
888-440-0480 therefore reduces cleaning time and chances for
http://www.amazingcloth.com possible injury.

• Limitations are the same as Clean House

Microfiber Cleaning Products.

Mops and Cloths (Wet Loop Mop Alternatives)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

61
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Swedish Cleaning System MIKROkleen Microfiber • Have microfiber mops and cloths.
Products
• Use less chemicals and water than regular mops,
Redco therefore reduces cleaning time and chances for
16520 Harbor Blvd, Suite F possible injury.
Fountain Valley, CA, 92708
800-794-7047 • Limitations are the same as Clean House
E-mail: info@dustneversleeps.com Microfiber Cleaning Products.
http://www.dustneversleeps.com

Tergo Microfiber Cloths • Have microfiber mops and cloths.

Tergo • Use less chemicals and water than regular mops,

District Sales therefore reduces cleaning time and chances for
1438 Alderson Rd. possible injury.
Carlisle, Ontario Canada L0R 1H1
905-690-7974 • Limitations are the same as Clean House
info@ultramicrofibers.com Microfiber Cleaning Products.
http://www.ultramicrofibers.com

The Rag Company Microfiber Products • Have microfiber mops and cloths.

The Rag Company • Use less chemicals and water than regular mops,
11939 Musket Dr. therefore reduces cleaning time and chances for
Boise, ID 83713 possible injury.
866-344-4703 or 208-322-4703
Fax: 208-955-2014 • Limitations are the same as Clean House
E-mail: theragco@aol.com Microfiber Cleaning Products.
http://www.theragcompany.com

Neonatal Products: Feeding Tubes, Catheters and Positioning Aids (No PVC or DEHP)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

62
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Axiom Medical, Inc Neonatal & Pediatric Catheters • Neonatal/Pediatric silicone catheters.

Axiom Medical, Inc. • Less toxic than PVC and DEHP.

310-898-1779
http://www.axiommed.com • Comparable to PVC and DEHP.

Bard Pediatric Feeding Tubes • DEHP-free nasogatric feeding tubes.

Bard Access Systems • Made of silicone and comparable to PVC and

5425 West Amelia Earhart Drive DEHP.
Salt Lake City, UT 84116
800-545-0890 or 801-595-0700 • Less toxic.
E-mail: clinical@bardaccess.com
http://www.bardaccess.com

CORPAK CORFLO Neonatal and Pediatric • DEHP-free, polyurethane neonatal and pediatric
Feeding Tubes feeding tubes.

CORPAK • Comparable to PVC and DEHP.

VIASYS Healthcare Medsystems Division
100 Chaddick Dr • Less toxic than PVC and DEHP.
Wheeling IL 60090
800-323-6305 or 847-537-4601
Fax: 847-541-9526
E-mail: corpak@corpakmedsystems.com
http://www.corpakmedsystems.com/
home.asp

Neonatal Products: Feeding Tubes, Catheters and Positioning Aids (No PVC or DEHP)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

63
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

ECC Catheter (2184) • Non-PVC, silicone 23g neonatal catheter for

parenteral nutrition.
Vygon
1 Madison Street • Also for mid- to long-term IV therapy.
East Rutherford, NJ (USA) 07073-1605
800-544-4907 or 973-471-5200 • Comparable to PVC and DEHP.
Fax: 973-471-5118
E-mail: rsevern@vygonusa.com • Less toxic than PVC and DEHP.
http://www.vygonusa.com (New website under
development)

Gel-E Donut™, Squishon®, Wedgie™ and • Gel-filled, polyurethane preemie positioning

Squishon™ Mattress aids.

Children’s Medical Ventures • Comparable to PVC and DEHP.

275 Longwater Drive
Norwell, MA 02061 • Less toxic than PVC and DEHP.
800-345-6443
Contact: Gary Richardson
http://www.childmed.com

Gesco® Umbili-Cath™ • Made of silicone or polyurethane.

Colombia Medical, Inc. • PVC-free and less toxic than PVC and DEHP.
(Division of Utah Medical Products, Inc.)
1830 S.E. First St. • Available in single, dual or triple lumen.
Redmond, OR 97756
800-548-8667 or 800-533-4984 • Comparable to PVC and DEHP.
Fax: 541-548-8066
http://utahmed.com

Neonatal Products: Feeding Tubes, Catheters and Positioning Aids (No PVC or DEHP)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

64
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

• Umbilical vessel catheter available in

Kendall Argyle® Umbilical Vessel Catheters polyurethane and with single, dual or triple
lumen.
The Ludlow Company LP
(A tyco HEALTHCARE/Kendall LTP company) • Comparable to PVC and DEHP.
Two Ludlow Park Drive
Chicopee, MA 01022 USA • Less toxic than PVC and DEHP.
800-962-9888
http://tycoint.com

NeoCare® Pediatric Catheters • Single lumen version available in silicone or

polyurethane.
Arrow International, Inc.
PO Box 12888 • Dual lumen in silicone.
Reading, PA 19612 USA
800-640-6428 or 800-523-8446 • DEHP- and PVC-free.
http://www.neocare.com
• Comparable to PVC and DEHP, but less toxic
than both.

NeoCare® Pediatric Feeding tubes • Do not contain DEHP or PVC.

Arrow International, Inc. • Silicone plastic tube with or without oral dose
PO Box 12888 connector (40cm-90cm).
Reading, PA 19612 USA
800-640-6428 or 800-523-8446 • Comparable to PVC and DEHP but less toxic.
http://www.neocare.com

Neonatal Products: Feeding Tubes, Catheters and Positioning Aids (No PVC or DEHP)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

65
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Nutri-Cath® • Silicon feeding tube used for nasogastric,

nasojejunal and orogastric feeding.
Colombia Medical, Inc.
(Division of Utah Medical Products, Inc.) • Comparable to PVC and DEHP but less toxic.
1830 S.E. First St.
Redmond, OR 97756 • Also used for sampling.
800-548-8667 or 800-533-4984
Fax: 541-548-8066 • Indwell for up to 30 days.
http://utahmed.com
• Latex- and PVC-free.

Nutriline Neonatal PICC • Non-PVC polyurethane catheter for neonates.

Vygon • Comparable to PVC and DEHP.

1 Madison Street
East Rutherford, NJ (USA) 07073-1605 • Less toxic.
800-544-4907 or 973-471-5200
Fax: 973-471-5118
E-mail: rsevern@vygonusa.com
http://www.vygonusa.com (New website under
development)

PICC-Nate® • Percutaneous Inserted Central Catheter available

in silicone.
Colombia Medical, Inc.
(Division of Utah Medical Products, Inc.) • PVC-free
1830 S.E. First St.
Redmond, OR 97756 • Comparable to PVC and DEHP.
800-548-8667 or 800-533-4984
Fax: 541-548-8066 • Less toxic than PVC and DEHP.
http://utahmed.com

Neonatal Products: Feeding Tubes, Catheters and Positioning Aids (No PVC or DEHP)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

66
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

PremiCath® (1261.2) • Non-PVC, 28g neonatal polyurethane catheter

for parenteral nutrition.
Vygon
1 Madison Street • Also for mid- to long-term IV therapy.
East Rutherford, NJ (USA) 07073-1605
800-544-4907 or 973-471-5200 • Comparable to PVC and DEHP.
Fax: 973-471-5118
E-mail: rsevern@vygonusa.com • Less toxic than PVC and DEHP.
http://www.vygonusa.com (New website under
development)

Specialty Medical Products’ Feeding Tubes and • DEHP-free connection and extension sets used in
Enteral Sets neonatal and pediatric applications.

Specialty Medical Products • Made of silicone and comes in various sizes (40-
103 Springfield Center Dr. Suite 101 90cm).
Woodstock, Georgia 30188
800-633-4360 • Comparable to PVC and DEHP.
Fax: 770-517-5853
http://www.gopreemie.com • Less toxic than PVC and DEHP.

Thora-Cath® • Silicone thoracic catheter for chest drainage.

Colombia Medical, Inc. • PVC-free.

(Division of Utah Medical Products, Inc.)
1830 S.E. First St. • Silicone reduces clotting and encrustation and
Redmond, OR 97756 infection and serum accumulation are reduced.
800-548-8667 or 800-533-4984
Fax: 541-548-8066 • Equipped with a universal hub, so it can be
http://utahmed.com adapted to all suction drainage systems.

• Comparable to PVC and DEHP but less toxic.

Neonatal Products: Feeding Tubes, Catheters and Positioning Aids (No PVC or DEHP)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

67
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Umbilical Vessel Catheter Series 1270 and • Non-PVC, polyurethane catheter for parenteral
1272/1274 nutrition.

Vygon • Also for mid- to long-term IV therapy.

1 Madison Street
East Rutherford, NJ (USA) 07073-1605 • Series 1270 is single lumen and 1272/1274 are
800-544-4907 or 973-471-5200 double lumen.
Fax: 610-630-3835
E-mail: rsevern@vygonusa.com • Comparable to PVC and DEHP but less toxic.
http://www.vygonusa.com

Uri-Cath™ • Urinary drainage catheter made of silicone.

Colombia Medical, Inc. • PVC- and latex-free.

(Division of Utah Medical Products, Inc.)
1830 S.E. First St. • Silicone minimizes urethral irritation and
Redmond, OR 97756 crustation associated with Latex and PVC
800-548-8667 or 800-533-4984 material used in other catheters.
Fax: 541-548-8066
http://utahmed.com • Comparable to PVC and DEHP but less toxic.

Vygon DEHP-Free PVC Feeding Tubes • DEHP-free TOTM infant feeding tube.

Vygon • Comparable to PVC.

1 Madison Street
East Rutherford, NJ (USA) 07073-1605 • Sizes include 5, 6 and 8 Fr.
800-544-4907 or 973-471-5200
Fax: 973-471-5118 • Less toxic.
E-mail: rsevern@vygonusa.com
http://www.vygonusa.com (New website under
development)

Neonatal Products: Feeding Tubes, Catheters and Positioning Aids (No PVC or DEHP)

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

68
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Vygon DEHP-Free Sump Tube • DEHP-free PVC sump/replogle tube.

Vygon • Less toxic.

1 Madison Street
East Rutherford, NJ (USA) 07073-1605
800-544-4907 or 973-471-5200
Fax: 973-471-5118
E-mail: rsevern@vygonusa.com
http://www.vygonusa.com (New website under
development)

Neutralizing Products: Aldehyde Neutralizing Solution

Glute-Out II™ • Glycine-based powder that neutralizes OPA and

glutaraldehyde.
PCI Medical
PO Box 188 • Deactivates in 5 minutes and comes in three
Deep River, CT 06417 packet sizes.
800-862-3394
860-526-3081 • There are no polymer byproducts to clog drain.
E-mail: info@pcimedical.com
http://www.pcimedical.com/spillkits.php • More expensive than glycine.

• Neutralized product may be subject to local

water quality regulations if poured into the
sanitary sewer.

• Do not release neutralized product into any

septic system.

Neutralizing Products: Aldehyde Neutralizing Solution

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

69
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Glycine, Aminoacetic Acid, Glycocoll • Neutralizes CIDEX OPA and other aldehyde
solutions with concentrations as low as 25 g of
City Chemical LLC (Catalog # A392) glycine per gallon of aldehyde solution
139 Allings Crossing Road, depending on aldehyde concentration and contact
West Haven, CT 06516 period.
203-932-2489 or 800-248-2436
Fax : 203-937-8400 • Purchasable quantities from 250 g to 12 kg.
E-mail: sales@citychemical.com
http://www.citychemical.com • Less expensive than other products made
specifically for aldehyde neutralization.
Fisher Scientific (Catalog # G48 series)
800-766-7000 • Should neutralize aldehyde within one hour if
Fax: 800-926-1166 the proper procedure is followed.
http://www.fisherscientific.com
• Neutralized product may be subject to local
Sigma-Aldrich (Catalog # G7126) water quality regulations if poured into the
800-558-9160 sanitary sewer.
http://www.sigmaaldrich.com
• Do not release neutralized product into any
Spectrum Chemical and Laboratory Products (Catalog septic system.
# AM125-13 and AM125-18)
310-516-8000
http://www.spectrumchemical.com

VWR (Catalog # IC808822 or IC808831)

800-932-5000
http://www.vwrsp.com

Neutralizing Products: Aldehyde Neutralizing Solution

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

70
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Neutralex Starter Kit (Cat# 7905) • Neutralizes 10% formalin and 2% glutaraldehyde
in 15 minutes.
BBC Biochemical
8510 Cedarhome Dr. • Contains 16 neutralizing packs and 100 test
Stanwood, WA 98292 strips.
800-635-4477 or 360-629-4477
Fax: 360-629-4479 • More expensive than glycine.
E-mail: info_washington@bbcus.com
http://www.bbcus.com • Neutralized product may be subject to local
water quality regulations if poured into the
sanitary sewer.

• Do not release neutralized product into any

septic system.

Paints: Water-based (No Mercury Preservative)

Acro and Super Acro Interior Paints • Water-based latex paint with no toxic VOCs
and no mercury preservative.
Miller Paint Co.
http://www.millerpaint.com • Green seal certified.
Find local distributor from website.
• Contains Microban® which inhibits microbial
growth.

• Less hazardous product but comparable in

quality to oil-based paints.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

71
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Paints: Water-based (No Mercury Preservative)

Horizon Series Rodda Paint • Green seal interior and exterior paints.

Rodda Paint Co. • Water-based paints containing low levels of

http://www.roddapaint.com VOCs.
Find local distributor from website.
• Low odor and dries quickly.

• Maintains good scrubbability and hide

qualities.

Pest Control

Perma Guard Diatomaceous Earth • Kills insects without the use of toxic chemicals.

Bio-Ag Consultants & Distributors Inc. • Avoid breathing in the dust. It may irritate the
1400 Greenwood Hill Rd. lungs and eyes.
P.O. Box 189
Wellesley, Ont. Canada N0B 2T0 • Kills most insects, so apply carefully to avoid
800-363-5278 killing helpful insects.
Fax: (519) 656-2534
E-mail: info@bio-ag.com
http://www.bio-
ag.com/products/feedsupplements/diatomaceous.ht
ml

Weed Prevention Plus • 5 pound bag of 100% corn gluten for use in weed
control.
Interior Gardens
2727 Lyndale Ave. S. • Helps stop new seed growth from weeds.
Minneapolis MN, 55408
800-498-4178 or 612-870-9077 • One bag covers up to 250 square feet.
Fax: 1-612-870-8901
order@interiorgardens.com • Less toxic than traditional weed killers.
http://www.hydroponics-
garden.com/weedprevplus.html

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

72
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Pharmaceutical Management Vendors

Certified Returns (L.L. Horizon) • Accept unused pharmaceutical returns.

800-461-1145

EXP Pharmaceutical Services Corp. • Provide pharmaceutical and waste disposal

services.
North America Headquarters
48021 Warm Springs Boulevard • Provide on-site DEA form 222 completion and
Fremont, California 94539 computer-generated inventory list.
800-350-0397 or 510-476-0909
Fax: 510-933-1470 • Some off-site programs are also available.
E-mail: info@expworld.com
www.expworld.com

PharmEcology Associates, LLC • Provide information and seminars related to the

management of pharmaceutical waste.
200 S. Executive Dr. Suite 101
Brookfield, WN 53005 • Conduct on-site evaluation of pharmaceutical
262-814-2635 management and provide strategies for
E-mail: info@pharmecology.com improvement.
http://www.pharmecology.com

Photographic Equipment: Digital

Canon Digital Cameras • Digital cameras from 4.0 megapixels to 16.7

megapixels for landscape pictures.
Canon
850 Greenbrier Circle • Many camera options are available to
Chesapeake, VA, 23320 accommodate specific picture resolution needs.
800-OK-CANON
http://www.canon.com • Eliminates the need for a dark room and its
related supplies.

• Reduces amount of hazardous waste produced.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

73
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Photographic Equipment: Digital

Epson Digital Photo Printers • Digital photo printers capable of printing

pictures up to 44in wide.
Epson America, Inc.
3840 Kilroy Airport Way • High quality color and black and white photo
Long Beach, CA 90806 options with picture enhancement capabilities.
562-981-3840 or 800-GOEPSON
http://www.epson.com • No toxic developers and fixers needed reducing
the amount of cost associated with hazardous
waste disposal.

HP Photo Printers • Digital camera printers with the option of a

portable printer.
Hewlett-Packard Company
3000 Hanover Street • High resolution color and black and white
Palo Alto, CA 94304-1185 pictures with digital enhancement capabilities.
888-999-4747 or 800-752-0900
Fax: 650-857-5518 • Does not use toxic developers or fixers.
http://www.hp.com

Nikon Digital Cameras • Digital cameras capable of high resolution of up

to 8.0 megapixels with 10x zoom possibilities.
Nikon USA
1300 Walt Whitman Road • Reduces the amount of hazardous waste
Melville, NY 11747\ produced from film processing and eliminates
Fax: 631-547-4025 the need for a darkroom.
http://www.nikonusa.com

Olympus Digital Cameras • Digital cameras capable of high resolution of up

to 8.0 megapixels with 15x zoom options.
Olympus America, Inc.
2 Corporate Center Drive • Reduces the amount of hazardous waste
PO Box 9058 produced from film processing and eliminates
Melville, NY 11747 the need for a darkroom.
888-553-4448
http://www.olympusamerica.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

74
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Photographic Equipment: Digital

PAXcam Digital Microscope Equipment • Digital camera/video that attaches directly to

microscope.
MIS/Birkey.com
10740 West Grand Avenue • Comes with digital software.
Franklin Park, IL 60131
847-455-0450 • No hazardous fixers, developers or other
E-mail: sales@paxcam.com photographic chemicals needed.
http://www.paxit.com
http://www.paxcam.com • Supports time-lapse image capture.

• Micron scale bar in images.

• Used for brightfield microscopy, polarized light,

reflected or transmitted light, video, Nomarski
DIC and macro applications.

Photographic Tank Cleaners (No Chromate)

Kodak Developer System Cleaner and Neutralizer • Three part cleaning system that does not contain
(#1012079) chromium.

Eastman Kodak Company • Less toxic than chromium formulations.

343 State Street
Rochester, NY 14650 • Part A and B consist of potassium permanganate
800-242-2424 and sulfuric acid.
http://www.kodak.com
• Part C contains sodium bisulfite and sodium
sulfite.

• The waste may contain silver and is designated

as a D002 and D011 waste.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

75
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Photographic Equipment: Digital

Universal Processor Cleaner (Cat. #720-77 and Cat. • Removes sludge including silver from
#720-90) developers.

Solutek Corporation • Made of less toxic chemicals than chromate.

94 Shirley Street
Boston, MA 02119
800-403-0770
E-mail: info@solutekcorporation.com
http://www.solutekcorporation.com

Plastic Equipment For Plastic Tubing, Blood Bags, Electrodes and Other Plastic Equipment ( No
DEHP and PVC)

B. Braun Peritoneal Dialysis Solution Containers • Dialyte® solution available in plastic containers
that are PVC-free and DEHP-free.
B. Braun McGaw, Inc.
Dialysis Products
824 Twelfth Avenue
Bethlehem, PA 18018
800-621-0445 or 610-691-5400
http://www.bbraunusa.com

B. Braun TPN Solution • Available in glass bottles.

B. Braun McGaw, Inc. • No DEHP or PVC.

IV Products
824 Twelfth Avenue
Bethlehem, PA 18018
800-227-2862 or 610-691-5400
http://www.bbraunusa.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

76
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Plastic Equipment For Plastic Tubing, Blood Bags, Electrodes and Other Plastic Equipment ( No DEHP
and PVC)

Baxter All-In-One TPN Containers • Made of ethyl vinyl acetate (EVA) with PVC
spike ports.
Baxter Healthcare Corporation
One Baxter Parkway • PVC is plasticized with trisoctyl trimellitate
Deerfield, IL 60015 (TOTM) instead of DEHP.
800-422-9837
http://www.baxter.com

Baxter Blood Bags • DEHP-free packed red blood cell bags made of
PVC, but there is no substitute for the PVC bag
Baxter Healthcare Corporation from this company yet.
Fenwall Division
One Baxter Parkway • Bags for platelet rich plasma, platelets and fresh
Deerfield, IL 60015 frozen plasma and are made from polyolefin.
800-766-1077
http://www.baxter.com • Those bags with the label PL 732, PL 1240, PL
209 or PL 2410 DO NOT contain DEHP.

• Those bags labeled PL 146 or PL 1813 DO

contain DEHP.

BioTac® Ultra Series • PVC- and latex-free foam and tape adult
conductive adhesive gel ECG electrodes.
The Ludlow Company LP (Kendall-LTP)
Two Ludlow Park Drive • Two year shelf life.
Chicopee, MA 01022 USA
800-962-9888 • Less toxic than DEHP and PVC.
http://www.kendall-ltp.com

Care® Resting ECG Tab Series • Description CA 610 and

reorder # 41447793.
The Ludlow Company LP (Kendall-LTP)
Two Ludlow Park Drive • Latex- and PVC-free material that is less toxic.
Chicopee, MA 01022 USA
800-962-9888 • Comes in four shapes.
http://www.kendall-ltp.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

77
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Plastic Equipment For Plastic Tubing, Blood Bags, Electrodes and Other Plastic Equipment ( No DEHP
and PVC)

CORPAK Farrell Gastric Relief System • DEHP-free system made from EVA.

CORPAK MedSystems
VIASYS Healthcare Medsystems Division
100 Chaddick Dr
Wheeling IL 60090
800-323-6305 or 847-537-4601
Fax: 847-541-9526
E-mail: corpak@corpakmedsystems.com
http://www.corpakmedsystems.com/home.asp

CORPAK Polar Feeding Bag & Pump Set • DEHP-free system made from EVA.

CORPAK MedSystems
VIASYS Healthcare Medsystems Division
100 Chaddick Dr
Wheeling IL 60090
800-323-6305 or 847-537-4601
Fax: 847-541-9526
E-mail: corpak@corpakmedsystems.com
http://www.corpakmedsystems.com/home.asp

DEHP-Free Plastic Products • DEHP-free plastic medical supplies including

their disposable infusion systems (extension sets,
Medex, Inc. delivery sets, etc.).
2231 Rutherford Road
Carlsbad, CA 92008
800-848-1757 ext. 5150
E-mail: support@medex.com
http://www.medex.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

78
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Plastic Equipment For Plastic Tubing, Blood Bags, Electrodes and Other Plastic Equipment ( No DEHP
and PVC)

Dow MDF 7200 Metallocene Polyethylene Film • This may be used for a variety of medical
applications (e.g. bags).
UCAR Emulsion Systems International
(Division of Dow Medical Device Film) • Made with Affinity ethylene polymer resins
19206 Hawthorne Boulevard (metallocene polyethylene).
Torrance, California 90503
800-441-4369 or 310 214 5300 • Combustion products mainly carbon dioxide and
Fax: 310 542 3898 water.
http://www.dow.com/medfilm/

DUPLEX® Drug Delivery System • Two-compartment IV solution bag that stores

premeasured amount of drug powder and diluent
B. Braun McGaw, Inc. separately until needed.
Dialysis Products
824 Twelfth Avenue • Flexible closed system bag that is DEHP-free,
Bethlehem, PA 18018 latex-free and PVC-free.
800-621-0445 or 610-691-5400
http://www.bbraunusa.com

Excel® and PAB® IV Solution Containers • Biologically inert, non-toxic plastic that is PVC-
free and DEHP-free.
B. Braun McGaw, Inc.
Dialysis Products • Excel container’s incineration byproducts are
824 Twelfth Avenue carbon dioxide and water.
Bethlehem, PA 18018
800-621-0445 or 610-691-5400 • Features rigid ports.
http://www.bbraunusa.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

79
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Plastic Equipment For Plastic Tubing, Blood Bags, Electrodes and Other Plastic Equipment ( No DEHP
and PVC)

FusionSeal Process • Undergoes process in 1 second and is more

versatile and faster than RF welding.
FusionSeal Corporation
508-785-8158 • Reduces unit cost for production of medical bags
Contact: Sam Fader such as enteral feeding, IV and blood bags.

• Replaces PVC films with less toxic materials.

• Retrofits current equipment or designs and

installs new equipment.

GLS Thermoplastic Elastomers • PVC-free and latex-free alternative for medical

applications.
GLS Corporation
800-457-8777
http://www.glscorp.com

Kendall Argyle® Indwell Feeding Tubes • DEHP-free polyurethane feeding tubes.

Kendall-LTP • Flexibility maintained for prolonged use.

The Ludlow Company LP
Two Ludlow Park Drive
Chicopee, MA 01022
800-962-9888 or 800-669-1009
Fax: 800-637-9775
http://www.kendall-ltp.com

Kendall Kangaroo DEHP-Free Pump Set • DEHP-free PVC pump set made for all
Kangaroo 224, 324, PET and CONTROL enteral
Kendall-LTP feeding pumps.
The Ludlow Company LP
Two Ludlow Park Drive • Internal Anti-Free Flow (AFF) Device to
Chicopee, MA 01022 eliminate a free flow accident.
800-962-9888 or 800-669-1009
Fax: 800-637-9775
http://www.kendall-ltp.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

80
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Plastic Equipment For Plastic Tubing, Blood Bags, Electrodes and Other Plastic Equipment ( No DEHP
and PVC)

M312 Film and IV Style Bags • Polyester modified polypropylene film and
tubing.
Cryovac Division, Sealed Air Corporation
864-433-2922 • PVC-free material is compatible with various
Contact: Ralph Sizemore pharmaceutical solutions including a variety of
E-mail: ralph.sizemore@sealedair.com lipids and amino acids.
http://www.sealedair.com
• Takes less time to sterilize in an autoclave than
in thicker plasticized PVC and is less than half
the mass of PVC possibly reducing the amount
of waste generated.

• Works well under cold conditions.

Medi-Trace® SF450 Series • Foam adult conductive adhesive gel ECG

electrodes that do not contain PVC or latex.
The Ludlow Company LP (Kendall-LTP)
Two Ludlow Park Drive • Material is less toxic than PVC or latex.
Chicopee, MA 01022 USA
800-962-9888
http://www.kendall-ltp.com

Metrix TPN Bags • The DEHP-free vinyl containers use TOTM as a

plasticizer and are available to those facilities
Metrix Company mixing their own.
4400 Chavenelle Road
Dubuque, Iowa, 52002 • The EVA bags contain no plasticizers and are
563-556-8800 also available to those facilities mixing their own
Fax: (563) 556-470 solutions.
http://www.metrixco.com
• Both materials are less toxic than the material
they replaced.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

81
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Plastic Equipment For Plastic Tubing, Blood Bags, Electrodes and Other Plastic Equipment ( No DEHP
and PVC)

Natvar Biopath Medical Tubings • PVC-free multilayered flexible tubing.

Natvar • USP class VI.

800-395-6288
Contact: Bob Donohue • Polyurethane inner layer and Ecdel outer layer.
http://www.natvar.com
• Combustion products are carbon dioxide and
water and it is ethylene oxide and gamma stable.

Non-PVC Bags for TPN • Drug delivery and IV nutrition PVC-free bags.

Stedim, Inc. • Designs, develops and manufactures.

1910 Mark Court (Suite 110)
Concord, CA 94520
925-689-6650 or 800-914-6644
Fax: 925-689-6988
Contact: Bill Krause
E-mail: bkrause@stedim.com
http://www.stedim.com

Pactiv Propyflex® Products • PVC-free material for medical fluid packaging

that can be used in soft or hard plastic and glass
Pactiv Corporation applications.
1900 West Field Court
Lake Forest, IL 60045 • Consists of elastomer modified polypropylene.
847-482-2000 or 888-828-2850
http://www.pactiv.com • Do not release dioxins or hydrogen chloride
during combustion.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

82
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Plastic Equipment For Plastic Tubing, Blood Bags, Electrodes and Other Plastic Equipment ( No DEHP
and PVC)

Polyurethane Film, Sheet, Tubing and Custom • Supplies the PVC alternative, thermoplastic
Profiles polyurethane to OEM’s and end product
converters.
Steven Urethane
Nine Sullivan Road
Holyoke, MA 01040-2800
877-878-3456
Contact: Tim Falcetti
E-mail: tafalcetti@stvure.com
http://www.stevensurethane.com

RadioTrace™ RT600 Series and Excel® • RadioTrace™ radiolucent ECG electrodes used
Radiolucent Series for x-ray procedures and all monitoring
applications and do not contain any toxic heavy
The Ludlow Company LP (Kendall-LTP) metals.
Two Ludlow Park Drive
Chicopee, MA 01022 USA • Excel® foam and cloth radiolucent adult
800-962-9888 conductive adhesive gel diagnostic ECG
http://www.kendall-ltp.com electrodes used for all applications.

• Excel® foam reorder # 31452389 and Excel®

cloth reorder #ES40025.

• Two year shelf life.

• Latex- and PVC-free material that is less toxic.

Saint-Gobain Tygon® Plasticizer-Free Medical • USP Class VI and ISO 10993.

Tubing
• DEHP-free and PVC-free tubing for medical
Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics applications.
Contact: Tony Pagillaro
908-218-8888
http://wwww.medical.saint-gobain.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

83
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Plastic Equipment For Plastic Tubing, Blood Bags, Electrodes and Other Plastic Equipment ( No DEHP
and PVC)

Stedim 100 • IV nutrition PVC-free bag made of

polypropylene.
Stedim, Inc.
1910 Mark Court (Suite 110) • Autoclavable.
Concord, CA 94520
925-689-6650 or 800-914-6644 • No plasticizers.
Fax: 925-689-6988
Contact: Bill Krause • Vendor reported fully qualified and validated.
E-mail: bkrause@stedim.com
http://www.stedim.com

Stedim TPN Bags • Made of plasticizer-free EVA.

Stedim, Inc. • A Neonatal Bag Filling Kit is also available.

1910 Mark Court (Suite 110)
Concord, CA 94520 • Less toxic than DEHP and PVC.
800-914-6644 or 925-689-6650
Fax: 925-689-6988
http://www.stedim.com

Tekni-Plex SurePath Medical Tubing • For anesthesia monitoring lines and it does not
contain PVC or phthalate.
Natvar
800-395-6288 • Consists of Ecdel outer layer, proprietary middle
Contact: Bob Donohue layer and polyethylene inner layer.
http://www.natvar.com
• Can withstand PVC solvent or adhesive binding
and is ethylene oxide and gamma stable.

• Combustion products are carbon dioxide and

water.

• Ethylene oxide and gamma stable.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

84
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Plastic Equipment For Plastic Tubing, Blood Bags, Electrodes and Other Plastic Equipment ( No DEHP
and PVC)

ZEVEX DEHP-Free Delivery Set • DEHP-free enteral feeding pump delivery set.

ZEVEX International, Inc. • Compatible with EnteraLite® Ambulatory

4314 ZEVEX Park Lane Enteral Feeding Pump.
Salt Lake City, Utah 84123
801-264-1001 or 800-970-2337
Fax: 801-264-1051
http://www.zevex.com

Preservative For Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals (No Mercury)

Methyl Paraben Not a direct substitute.

Anatech Ltd. Need to match properties of solution containing

1020 Harts Lake Rd thimerisol (aka thimerosal) with properties of
Battle Creek, MI 49015 substitute preservative.
800-262-8324 or 269-964-6450
Fax: 269-964-8084 Less toxic than mercury-based preservative.
Contact: Dee Wolfe or Ada Feldman
E-mail: email@anatechltdusa.com, • May produce mild estrogenic effects.
deewolfe@anatechltdusa.com,
adafeldman@anatechltdusa.com
http://www.anatechltdusa.com

Propyl Paraben • Not a direct substitute.

Anatech Ltd. • Need to match properties of solution containing

1020 Harts Lake Rd thimerisol (aka thimerosal) with properties of
Battle Creek, MI 49015 substitute preservative.
800-262-8324 or 269-964-6450
Fax: 269-964-8084 • Less toxic than mercury-based preservatives.
Contact: Dee Wolfe or Ada Feldman
E-mail: email@anatechltdusa.com, • May produce a slight estrogenic effect.
deewolfe@anatechltdusa.com,
adafeldman@anatechltdusa.com
http://www.anatechltdusa.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

85
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Preservative For Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals (No Mercury)

Thymol • Not a direct substitute.

Anatech Ltd. • Need to match properties of solution containing

1020 Harts Lake Rd thimerisol (aka thimerosal) with properties of
Battle Creek, MI 49015 substitute preservative.
800-262-8324 or 269-964-6450
Fax: 269-964-8084 • Less toxic than mercury-based preservatives.
Contact: Dee Wolfe or Ada Feldman
E-mail: email@anatechltdusa.com,
deewolfe@anatechltdusa.com,
adafeldman@anatechltdusa.com
http://www.anatechltdusa.com

Pressure Gauges and Regulators: Gas Line (No Mercury)

Gas Line Pressure Regulators • Regulators made of stainless steel or brass.

Scientific Instrument Systems Inc. • Used as station pressure controls, blanketing

1027 Old York Rd. operations, carrier gas controls and other high
Ringoes, NJ 08551 purity critical laboratory uses.
908-788-5550
Fax: 908-806-6631 • Comparable to mercury containing devices, but
E-mail: us@sisweb.com material is less hazardous.
http://www.sisweb.com

Pressure Gauges • Digital, stainless steel and brass gauges

available.
Kobold Instruments Inc.
1801 Parkway View Drive • Mercury-free options that are used in pumps,
Pittsburgh, PA 15205-1422 compressed gas, pneumatic and hydraulic
412-788-2830 or 800-998-1020 systems as well as others.
Fax: 412-788-4890
E-mail: info@koboldusa.com • Comparable to mercury containing devices, but
http://www.koboldusa.com material is less hazardous.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

86
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Pressure Gauges and Regulators: Gas Line (No Mercury)

Welding & Compressed Gas Regulator Gauges • Mercury-free gauges made of brass or stainless
steel used for oxy-fuel gas welding, compressed
AMETEK U.S. Gauge gas or medical gas regulators.
820 Pennsylvania Boulevard
Feasterville, PA 19053 • Available for high pressure and low pressure
215-355-6900 uses.
Fax: 215-354-1802
E-mail: usg@ametek.com • Comparable to mercury containing devices, but
http://www.ametekusg.com material is less hazardous.

Pretreatment For Laboratory and Surgical Equipment

PRE-Klenz™ • Gel transport media that reduces spillage

compared to liquid versions.
Steris Corporation
5960 Heisley Road • Keeps soils moist and controls odor.
Mentor, OH 44060-1834
800-548-4873 • Non-hazardous according to EPA guidelines;
http://www.steris.com however, check with local state guidelines before
non-hazardous disposal and follow requirements.

• Compatible with most cleaning agents.

• No rinsing necessary.

Radiation Shielding and Material (No Lead)

Demron™ Aprons, Collars and Vests • Lead-free shielding products.

Radiation Shield Technologies • PVC-free fabric options available.

1825 Ponce De Leon Blvd #456
Coral Gables, Florida 33134 • Less hazardous than materials containing lead.
866-733-6766
Fax: 866-533-6766
E-mail: info@radshield.com
http://www.radshield.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

87
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Radiation Shielding and Material (No Lead)

EarthSafe™ and EarthSafe Plus Lead Free Aprons • Comes with a vinyl and non-vinyl coating (non-
vinyl is less toxic).
Bar-Ray Products
P.O. Box 36 • Equivalent to 0.5mm Pb at 100 kVp.
95 Monarch Street
Littlestown, PA 17340 • EarthSafe Plus is of traditional weight and
888-442-7729 EarthSafe is 10-15% lighter.
Fax: 800-359-6977
E-mail: info@bar-ray.com • Both materials are less hazardous than lead.
http://www.bar-ray.com/ppfg.html

Enviro-Safe Lite and Xenolite Products • Non-lead shielding material.

Pulse Medical Inc. • PVC-free fabric options available.

4131 S.W. 47th Avenue, Suite 1404
Davie, Florida 33314 • Less hazardous material than lead and PVC.
800-342-5973 or 954-587-8867
Fax: 800-429-8884
http://www.rci-pulsemed.com

Infab Radiation Protective Aprons • Aprons tailored to males and females.

Infab Corporation • Lightweight, lead-free material called Green Lite

3651 Via Pescador that is less toxic.
Camarillo, CA 93012
805-987-5255 • Equivalent to 0.5mm Pb radiation protective
Fax 805-482-8424 aprons.
http://www.infab.org

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

88
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Radiation Shielding and Material (No Lead)

MarShield™ Lead-Free Aprons • Comes with a vinyl and non-vinyl coating (non-
vinyl is less toxic).
MarShield™ Products
4130 Morris Drive • Lightweight lead-free option available for all
Burlington, Ontario L7L 5 L6, Canada aprons.
800-381-5335
Fax: 905-637-8841 • Both materials are less toxic than lead.
E-mail: sales@marsmetal.com
http://www.marshield.com

NL-Ply Apron • Lead-free and lighter than standard lead 0.5mm

at 100KVP as well as less toxic.
Shielding Internationa
PO Box Z • May request a non-vinyl apron coating.
182 NW Earl St.
Madras, Or 97741 • Free recycling service for their lead aprons and
800-292-2247 or 541-475-7211 will recycle other manufacturers’ for a fee (Need
Fax: 541-475-6628 to get a return authorization number from
E-mail: sales@shieldingintl.com Shielding International).
http://www.shieldingintl.com

Protech NL-Ply Non-Lead Apron • Lead-free and lighter than standard lead 0.5mm
at 100KVP.
Protech
4087 Burns Road • Less toxic than material containing lead.
Palm Beach Gardens, FL 33410
561-627-9769 or 888-672-9769
Fax: 561-627-0923
E-mail: info@protecheyewear.com
http://www.protecheyewear.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

89
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Radiography: Digital Equipment

Canon Medical Imaging Systems • The medical systems create digital x-rays
eliminating the need to purchase and dispose of
Canon toxic chemical fixers and other photographic
850 Greenbrier Circle solutions.
Chesapeake, VA, 23320
800-OK-CANON • Uses an amorphous silicon flat panel sensor.
http://www.canon.com
• Reduces radiation exposure.

• Portable units allow images to be taken without

moving bedridden patients.

Kodak Dental and Laboratory Digital Systems • The dental systems create digital x-rays
eliminating the need to purchase and dispose of
Eastman Kodak Company toxic chemical fixers and other photographic
343 State Street solutions.
Rochester, NY 14650
800-242-2424 • Dental systems produce extraoral and intraoral
http://www.kodak.com digital images.

• Scientific Imaging Systems lets you enhance and

quantify electrophoresis gels and western blots
as well as other assays digitally.

• Reduces radiation exposure.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

90
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Radiography: Digital Equipment

Kodak Directview DR 9000 Series • Converts x-rays into electronic signals.

Eastman Kodak Company • No light is used during image conversion;

343 State Street therefore, image quality is not compromised.
Rochester, NY 14650
800-242-2424
http://www.kodak.com

Aerosolv ® Aerosol Can Recycling System • Safely empties aerosol cans and allows cans to
be recycled as scrap steel.
Katec Incorporated
800-843-6808 • Collects liquid and filters out volatile organic
http://www.aerosolv.com compounds.

Recovery Systems/Products: Mercury and Other Heavy Metals

ACCU-FIX & ACCU-FIX WM • Fully automatic electrolytic silver recovery

Closed-Loop Fixer Recirculation Systems system for photographic fixer.

CPAC Imaging • Fixer may be reused to a limited extent after

6455 East Johns Crossing silver removal.
Duluth, GA 30097
800-262-9333 • Vendor claims system reduces fixer consumption
Fax: 770-448-0257 by 50-70%.
E-mail: imaginginfo@cpac.com
http://www.cpacimaging.com/about.asp • Uses a disposable cathode for silver harvesting.

• Processes up to 8 gallons per day.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

91
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Recovery Systems/Products: Mercury and Other Heavy Metals

Silver Recovery Systems • Offer different silver recovery systems

depending on your needs including electrolytic
Commodity Resource & Environmental, Inc. systems, metallic replacement cartridges,
493 Reynolds Circle closed-loop recirculation systems and zero
San Jose, CA 95112 discharge distillation units.
800-949-2811
E-mail: info@creweb.com • The electrolytic systems allow reuse of
http://www.creweb.com/index.html photographic fixers to a limited extent after
silver removal.

• Units are available at different capacity levels.

SolmeteX® Reagent Management System Made for clinical, research, pathology and
histology labs.
SolmeteX™
800-216-5505 Resins remove mercury and other heavy metals.

Recovery Systems/Products: Solvents (Xylene, Formalin, etc)

B/R Solvent Recyclers • Recycles solvent waste including formalin,

xylene, xylene substitute and alcohol from
B/R Instrument Corporation histology and pathology labs.
9119 Centerville Rd
Easton, MD 21601 • Produces high purity products.
800-922-9206 or 410-820-8800
Fax: 410-820-8141
E-mail: brsales@brinstrument.com
http://www.brinstrument.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

92
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Recovery Systems/Products: Solvents (Xylene, Formalin, etc)

CBG Biotech Solvent Recycler • Processes (separates, purifies and recovers for
reuse) xylene, xylene substitutes, alcohols,
CBG Biotech formalin, acetone and other solvents.
2211 Lake Club Drive (Suite 205)
Columbus, OH 43232 • Offer a range of sizes down to a compact
800-941-9484 capacity for 2 gallons per day producers.
Fax: 614-863-1676
E-mail: info@cbgbiotech.com • About 95% recovery and high purity.
http://www.cbgbiotech.com
• Recycles many types of solvents in one machine.

CMT Solvent Distillation Systems • Made for hospital labs and recycles xylene,
alcohol and formalin.
CMT Environmental Services, Inc.
3035 Bravo Ct.
Orange Park, FL 32065
800-749-1008
E-mail: cmt@cmtchemmaster.com
http://www.epa.state.oh.us/opp/solvents/fact9.html#
vend

Creative Waste Solutions Solvent Filters • Recycles alcohol, xylene and formalin.

Creative Waste Solutions, Inc. • Removes stains, dyes and cellular debris from
2595 Remington Drive alcohol and formalin using gravity filtration.
West Linn, OR 97068 Pads remove alcohol and water from xylene.
888-795-8300 or 503-963-8037
Fax: 503-963-8047 • Recycles the formalin without removing the
E-mail: info@cwsincorp.com buffered salts or altering the formalin
http://www.cwsincorp.com concentration.

• Systems only recycle either xylene and its

substitutes or formalin and alcoholic formalin.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

93
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Recovery Systems/Products: Solvents (Xylene, Formalin, etc)

S&G Enterprises, Inc. Vyleater Vial Crusher • Removes methanol from vials, crushes the vials
and destroys the labels.
S&G Enterprises, Inc.
888-726-3528 • It will process one quarter to two inch vials made
of plastic or glass with plastic coating (can have
metal tops or ornamental closures).

Suncycle Technologies Inc. Alcohol Recycling • Gravity filters alcohol. Processes one gallon
Cartridges within 45-75 minutes and 100 to 150 gallons per
cartridge.
Suncycle Technologies Inc.
866-786-2925

Triangle Biomedical Sciences Solvent Recyclers • Recovers xylene, alcohol and formalin.

Triangle Biomedical Sciences

919-384-9393

Recycling/Waste Disposal Vendors

Computer Recycling • Receive donations of old computers and

equipment and redistribute to the public.
Northwest Division
111 Queen Anne Avenue • Call 800-95-TRUCK for delivery options.
N. Seattle, WA 98109
206-281-4600
Fax: 206-286-0182
http://nwarmy.org

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

94
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Recycling/Waste Disposal Vendors

Computer Recycling • Service the Puget Sound area.

PC Salvage, LLC • Recycle outdated electronic equipment for small

8966 Gravelly Lake Drive SW and large companies.
Lakewood, WA 98499
253-460-8322 • Perform full equipment removal and data
Fax: 253-830-8789 scrubbing.
E-mail: pcsalvage@qwest.net
http://www.allaboutsalvage.com • Drop off or have them pick up equipment.

Computer Recycling • Re-use computers, peripherals and related

products after refurbishing and may be sold
Re-PC through their retail outlets and online.
1565 6th Avenue S.
Seattle, WA 98134 • If no longer usable, computers and
206-623-9151 peripherals are recycled.

510 Andover Park W.

Tukwila, WA 9818
206-575-8737
E-mail: repc@repc.com
http://www.repc.com

Computer Recycling • Take computer donations if less than 5 years old.

Re Store • Will recycle remaining computers.

600 W. Hooly Street
Bellingham, WA 98225
360-647-5921
Fax: 360-647-2948
E-mail: restore@re-sources.org
http://www.re-source.org

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

95
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Recycling/Waste Disposal Vendors

Inkjet and Laser Cartridge Recycler • Purchase empty inkjet and laser cartridges.

Ecco Recycles • Distribute cartridges to re-manufacturers.

1621 Central Ave S #32
Kent WA, 98032 • Provide all necessary equipment for collection
800-368-5881 and transport.
Fax: 253-813-9783
E-mail: info@eccorecycles.com

Medical Waste Disposal Sterilization methods include autoclaving,

incineration and Electro-Thermal-Deactivation
Stericycle (ETD).
Nashville, TN 37210
866-783-7422 The program includes the handling, transportation
http://www.stericycle.com/collection.html and disposal of regulated medical waste.

Medical sharps disposal and medical waste

disposal (no sharps).

Mercury Recyclers Recycle and reuse mercury.

Adrow Chemical Co. • Adrow may recycle other waste as well on a case
3 Lines Avenue by case basis.
Wanaque, NJ 07465 • Adrow charges a fee for less than 25 lbs. of
201-839-2372 waste.
Fax: 201-244-9448
Contact: Bill Delany or Frank Bindhammer • Bethlehem Apparatus recycles mercury lamps,
mercury-containing thermometers, switches,
Bethlehem Apparatus Co., Inc. batteries and dental amalgam.
890 Front Street
Hellertown, PA 18055
201-838-7034
Fax: 610-838-6333
Contact: John Boyle

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

96
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Recycling/Waste Disposal Vendors

Waste Oil Re-Refiners • Provides oil re-refining services including

collection, transport and recycling.
Evergreen Oil, Inc.
2355 Main Street, Suite 230 • Re-refine motor oil and recycle used oil filters
Irvine, CA 92614 and antifreeze.
949-757-7770 or 800-972-5284
Fax: 949-474-9149
http://www.evergreenoil.com/enviro.html

Waste Oil Re-Refiners • Provides oil re-refining services as well as

many other recycling services for residents and
Yakima County Public Works small businesses within Yakima County.
Solid Waste Division
105 East "A" St.
Yakima, WA 98901
509-574-2450

Waste Recovery and Recycling • Recover and recycle: refrigeration and HVAC
equipment, CFC, HCFC, and HFC refrigerant
Total Reclaim gases, refrigerant, compressors and compressor
PO Box 24996 oils, computer monitors and other computer
Seattle, WA 98124-0996 equipment, batteries, fluorescent light bulbs and
206-343-7443 lighting ballasts.
Fax: 206-343-7445
E-mail: pkeller@totalreclaim.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

97
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Relay Switches (No Mercury)

Aleph Reed Relays • Form “A”, “B” and “C” contacts.

Aleph International • High speed, voltage and insulation resistance.

1026 Griswold Avenue
San Fernando, CA 91340 • Senses current.
818-365-9856 or 800-423-5622
Fax: 818-365-7274 • Single and multiple pole options.
http://www.aleph-usa.com

Temco Northwest
19310 North Creek Parkway
Building 2 Suite 112
Bothell, WA 98011
425-481-6150
Fax: 425-481-6073
Contact: Tracy Williams
E-mail: tracyw@temconorthwest.com
http://www.gei-inc.com

Reed and Electromechanical Relays and Reed • 200 styles of relays and reed switches.
Switches
• Mercury-free.
Hasco
906 Jaricho Turnpike • Avoid mercury wetted reed switches.
New Hyde Park, NY 11040
516 328 9292
E-mail: info@hascorelays.com
http://www.hascorelays.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

98
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Relay Switches (No Mercury)

Reed Relays • Offer standard and unique relays for special

applications.
American Relays Incorporated
10306 Norwalk Blvd. • Mercury-free.
Santa Fe Springs, CA 90670
562-944-0447 • Cost competitive because they make their own
Fax: 562-944-0590 tooling in-house.
E-mail: info@americanrelays.com
http://www.americanrelays.com

Reed Relays and Dry-Reed Switches • Device used in sensors, relays, pulse counters,
etc.
Coto Technologies
55 DuPont Drive • Mercury-free switch may be actuated by an
Providence, RI 02907-3105 electromagnet, a permanent magnet or a
401-943-2686 combination of both.
Fax: 401-942-0920
E-mail: sales@cotorelay.com • Relays used in IC testers, in-line relay testers,
http://www.cotorelay.com/index.htm memory testers, mixed signal testers and high
bandpass applications.

Scoliometers (No Mercury)

Kom Kare Scoliometer • Mercury-free.

Kom Kare Company • Caliper style.

1002 North University Blvd.,
Middletown, Ohio 45042 • Dial gauge reads in cm, mm, and degrees.
800-273-1768 or 513-727-8299
Fax: 513-727-8408 • Accurately measure six areas to detect scoliosis
E-mail: komkare@sbcglobal.net and three measurements to detect abnormal
antero-postero curves.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

99
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Selective Enrichment Broth for Salmonella spp.: Alternatives to Sodium Selenite Cysteine Broth

BioPro Premium Rappaport-Vassilidias • Replaces sodium selenite cysteine broth for

(BP-0288-500) selective enrichment of Salmonella spp. in food
except for guar gum.
Biotrace International
21312 30th Dr SE #110 • Less toxic than sodium selenite, however, it is
Bothell WA 98021 irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
PO Box 0746
Bothell, WA 98041-0746 • If overheated, magnesium chloride may
800.729.7611 or 425.398.7993 decompose and emit toxic hydrochloric acid
Fax: 425-487-6574 vapors and chlorine gas fumes.
E-mail: customerservice@intlbioproducts.com
http://www.intlbioproducts.com

Rappaport-Vassiliadis Broth (R-V Broth) • Replaces sodium selenite cysteine broth for
selective enrichment of Salmonella spp. in food
Remel except for guar gum.
12076 Santa Fe Drive
PO Box 14428 • It is not intended for IVD use.
Lenexa, KS 66215
800-255-6730 or 913-888-0939 • Less toxic than sodium selenite, however, it is
Fax: 800-621-8251 irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
E-mail: remel@remel.com
http://www.remel.com • If overheated, magnesium chloride may
decompose and emit toxic hydrochloric acid
vapors and chlorine gas fumes.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

100
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Selective Enrichment Broth for Salmonella spp.: Alternatives to Sodium Selenite Cysteine Broth

Rappaport-Vassiliadis R10 Broth (7512) • Used for selective enrichment of Salmonella spp.
from food and is recommended to replace
Neogen Corporation sodium selenite cysteine broth for analysis of all
Food Safety Division, Acumedia foods except guar gum.
620 Lesher Place
Lansing, MI 48912 USA • Consists of sodium chloride, magnesium
800-234-5333 or 517-372-9200 chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate,
Fax: 517-372-1086 malachite green oxalate and an enzymatic digest
E-mail: foodsafety@neogen.com of casein.
http://www.neogen.com
• Less toxic than sodium selenite, however, it is
irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.

• If overheated, magnesium chloride may

decompose and emit toxic hydrochloric acid
vapors and chlorine gas fumes.

Sphygmomanometers (No Mercury)

ADC® DIAGNOSTIX™ series 700, 703, 720 and • Palm/pocket style aneroid sphygmomanometers.
760 Sphygmomanometers
• Mercury-free with 300mmHg no-pin stop
ADC manometer.
55 Commerce Drive
Hauppauge, NY 11788 • Latex-free options for bulbs and bladder.
800-ADC-2670 or 631-273-9600
Fax: 631-273-9659 • Made for heavy use.
E-mail: info@adctoday.com
http://adctoday.com • Comparable to mercury sphygmomanometers.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

101
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Sphygmomanometers (No Mercury)

ADC® DIAGNOSTIX™ series 750, 750W and • Wall and mobile units.
752M Sphygmomanometers
• Mercury-free aneroid sphygmomanometer.
ADC
55 Commerce Drive • Large luminescent dial for easy-viewing under
Hauppauge, NY 11788 low light conditions.
800-ADC-2670 or 631-273-9600
Fax: 631-273-9659 • Mobile unit adjusts from 40 to 54in.
E-mail: info@adctoday.com
http://adctoday.com • Wall unit has 110 degrees swivel capabilities.

• Cuffs available in all sizes.

• Comparable to mercury sphygmomanometers.

ADC® PHOSPHYG™ series 770 and 775 • Mercury-free aneroid sphygmomanometers with
Sphygmomanometers 300mmHg no-pin stop manometer.

ADC • Economical sets.

55 Commerce Drive
Hauppauge, NY 11788 • Inflation bladder and bulb made of latex which
800-ADC-2670 or 631-273-9600 may be an allergen.
Fax: 631-273-9659
E-mail: info@adctoday.com • Comparable to mercury sphygmomanometers.
http://adctoday.com

Caliber Series Aneroid Sphygmomanometers • Designed for hospital, nursing and EMT use with
a 20-year calibration warranty.
Mabis Healthcare
1931 Norman Drive • Available in a nylon or cotton cuff although
Waukegan, IL 60085 nylon comes in more sizes.
800-728-6811
Fax: 800-747-9646 • Comparable to mercury sphygmomanometers.
http://www.mabis.net

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

102
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Sphygmomanometers (No Mercury)

DynaPulse® Electronic Blood Pressure Monitors • Versions available for ambulances and clinics.

Pulse Metric, Inc. • Clinical version can track an unlimited amount

11526 Sorrento Valley Road, Suite C of patients and their data.
San Diego, CA 92121
858-480-1177 • All DynaPulse monitors can transmit blood
Fax: 858-480-1147 pressure and arterial pressure waveform data to
E-mail: PMIinfo@pulsemetric.com or the DynaPulse Analysis Center that analyzes up
sale@pulsemetric.com to 16 hemodynamic parameters.
http://www.pulsemetric.com
• Comparable to mercury sphygmomanometers,
but composed of less toxic material.

Hader™ and Bainbridge® Pocket Aneroid • Mercury- and latex-free.

Sphygmomanometers
• For portable healthcare applications such as
Trimline Medical Products crash carts, home health, physician bags and
34 Columbia Road nursing stations.
Branchburg, NJ 08876
or • Hader™ aneroid model has a 10 year guarantee
P.O. Box 40 on gauges and lifetime recalibration warranty.
Raritan, NJ 08869-0040
800-526-3538 or 908-429-0590 • Hader™ Palm Model designed for use with one
Fax: 908-429-0536 hand and has a lifetime recalibration warranty.
E-mail: info@trimline.us
http://www.trimlinemed.com • Bainbridge® model only has a 20 year
recalibration warranty and is less expensive than
it’s counterparts.

• Many cuff sizes to choose from.

• Comparable to mercury sphygmomanometers.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

103
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Sphygmomanometers (No Mercury)

Large Face Aneroid Sphygmomanometers • Offered in wall, mobile and desk models with
copper beryllium diaphragm.
Trimline Medical Products
34 Columbia Road • Less toxic than mercury but need to recycle
Branchburg, NJ 08876 copper.
or
P.O. Box 40 • “Shadowbox” frame added to help resist damage
Raritan, NJ 08869-0040 if dropped.
800-526-3538 or 908-429-0590
Fax: 908-429-0536 • Mercury- and latex-free.
E-mail: info@trimline.us
http://www.trimlinemed.com • Comparable to mercury sphygmomanometers.

Mabis® Legacy™ and Signature™ Series Aneroid • Signature™ Series available palm style as well.
Sphygmomanometers
• Lifetime warranty.
Kom Kare Company
Products For Physical Medicine • 3-year parts warranty.
1002 North University Blvd.,
Middletown, Ohio 45042 USA • Legacy™ offers adult size only.
800-273-1768 or 513-727-8299
Fax: 513-727-8408 • Signature™ available in all sized and is latex-
E-mail: komkare@sbcglobal.net free.
http://www.komkare.com
• Comparable to mercury sphygmomanometers.

Omron® MARSHALL™ Professional Aneroid • Adult cotton cuff and a one-year warranty on
Sphygmomanometers parts.

Southwest Medical • Lifetime calibration warranty.

513 W. Thomas Road
Phoenix, AZ 85013 • Comparable to mercury sphygmomanometers.
800-236-4215
Fax: 602-230-9497
http://www.southwestmedical.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

104
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Sphygmomanometers (No Mercury)

Vital Check® Vital Signs Monitor • (See Section/Subsection: Thermometers/

Mercury-Free Professional Digital
Thermometer Alternatives)

Welch Allyn® DuraShock Aneroid • Gear-free.

Sphygmomanometers
• Lighter and thinner than traditional gauges.
Welch Allyn Medical Products
Thermometry Products • Vendor claims it meets or exceeds AAMI SP9
8500 S.W. Creekside Place specifications for shock resistance: can be
Beaverton, OR 97008 dropped 30 inches onto a hard surface without
800-854-2904503-530-7500 losing calibration.
Fax: 503-526-4200
http://www.welchallyn.com • Gauge snaps directly into cuff.

• Latex-free cuff designed for accurate

measurement from brachial artery of either
arm.

• Accurate to ± 3mm Hg and conforms to

applicable sections of the following standards
for aneroid sphygmomanometers: American
National Standard ANSI/AAMI SP9-1994,
European Standard EN 1060-1: 1996,
European Standard EN 1061-2: 1996, Part 2,
and INMETRO Technical Metrological
Regulation Number 24 of February 26, 1996.

• Comparable to mercury sphygmomanometers.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

105
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Sphygmomanometers (No Mercury)

Welch Allyn® Tycos® 509-Series Aneroid • Available as mobile and wall units.
Sphygmomanometers
• Certified accurate to ±3mmHg.
Welch Allyn Medical Products
Thermometry Products • Most are latex-free and all are mercury-free.
8500 S.W. Creekside Place
Beaverton, OR 97008 • Comparable to mercury sphygmomanometers.
800-854-2904503-530-7500
Fax: 503-526-4200
http://www.welchallyn.com

Welch Allyn® Tycos® 767-Series • Available as mobile and wall units.

Sphygmomanometers
• Certified accurate to ±3mmHg.
Welch Allyn Medical Products
Thermometry Products • Latex-free.
8500 S.W. Creekside Place
Beaverton, OR 97008 • Wall unit swivels 40 degrees and mobile unit
800-854-2904503-530-7500 swivels 360 degrees.
Fax: 503-526-4200
http://www.welchallyn.com • Comparable to mercury sphygmomanometers.

Sterilizing Equipment (Chemiclave Alternatives)

Autoclaves • Offers different steam autoclaves including

automatic and manual autoclaves.
Med-Electronics Inc.
9723 Baltimore Ave • Comparable to chemiclaves but without the
College Park, MD 20740 chemical hazards.
888-321-1300 or 301-345-8826
Fax: 301-345-5686 • Must dispose of wastewater according to state
http://www.med-electronics.com guidelines.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

106
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Sterilizing Equipment (Chemiclave Alternatives)

Autoclaves and Dry Heat Sterilizers • Offers steam autoclaves and dry heat sterilizers.

Alfa Medical • As effective as chemiclaves but without the

59 Madison Ave chemical hazards.
Hempstead, NY 11550
800-801-9934 • Must dispose of autoclave wastewater according
Fax: 516-489-9364 to state guidelines.
eMail@sterilizers.com
http://www.sterilizers.com • Do not place heat sensitive materials such as
plastics into the dry heat sterilizer.

Autoclaves/Steam Sterilizer • Offers different steam autoclaves.

Steris Corporation • Comparable to chemiclaves but without the

5960 Heisley Road chemical hazards.
Mentor, OH 44060
440-354-2600 or 800-548-4873 • Must dispose of wastewater according to state
E-mail: Webmaster@STERIS.com guidelines.
http://www.steris.com

Thermometers: Basal (No Mercury)

Note: May be found at most medical supply stores.

Geratherm Basal Thermometer • Mercury-free and less toxic.

R.G. Medical Diagnostics (#20061) • Liquid-in-glass thermometer containing non-

Manufacturer’s Distributor toxic silver colored galinstan fluid.
21130 Bridge Street
Southfield, MI 48034 • Optional custom probe covers.
888-596-9498
Fax: 248-750-0187 • No batteries necessary.
http://www.rgmd.com
• Comparable to mercury.
Distributors include Burrows, Gulf South, McKesson,
Medline, Owens & Minor, PSS, CVS, Rite Aid, and
Walgreen

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

107
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Thermometers: Basal (No Mercury)

Note: May be found at most medical supply stores.

LifeAid® Basal, Dual Scale Thermometer • Fast response time.

Faichney Medical Company • Recalls last measured temperature.

11611 Fairgrove Industry Blvd.
Maryland Heights, MO 63043 • Accurate throughout full temperature range.
800-548-0817 or 314-567-5251
Fax: 314-567-5230 • As accurate as mercury thermometers, but
E-mail: sales@faichneymedical.com composed of less toxic material.
http://www.faichneymedical.com

Mabis Digital Basal Thermometer Approximately 60 second temperature recording is

faster than glass basal thermometers.
Mabis Healthcare
1931 Norman Drive Stores and recalls last reading.
Waukegan, IL 60085
800-728-6811 Peak temperature indicator.
Fax: 800-747-9646
http://www.mabis.net As accurate as mercury thermometers, but
composed of less toxic material.

Omron Basal Thermometer (Model MC-3L) Compact digital thermometer with accuracy of +/-
0.1°F.
Omron Healthcare, Inc.
1200 Lakeside Drive Approximately 60 second temperature recording is
Bannockburn, Illinois 60015 faster than glass basal thermometers.
877-216-1333 or 800-216-1333
Fax: 847-918-6707 Peak temperature indicated by beeping noise.
http://www.omronhealthcare.com
Recalls last temperature reading.

As accurate as mercury thermometers, but

composed of less toxic material.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

108
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Thermometers: Compact Digital (No Mercury)

Note: May be found at most medical supply stores.

B-D Digital Fever Thermometer • Disposable probe covers.

Becton Dickinson • Approximately 300 hour battery life and has an

1 Becton Drive automatic shut off feature.
Franklin Lakes, NJ 07417-1880
201-847-4200 or 800.511.9223 • Approximately 60 second temperature recording
http://www.bd.com with peak temperature indicated by beeping
noise.

• Indicates when thermometer is placed properly.

• As accurate as mercury thermometers, but

composed of less toxic material.

Geratherm Solartherm™ • Mercury- and battery-free.

R.G. Medical Diagnostics • Solar powered with a 72 hour standby in the

Manufacturer’s Distributor dark.
21130 Bridge Street
Southfield, MI 48034 • Approximately 60 second for reading and beeps
888-596-9498 when finished.
Fax: 248-750-0187
http://www.rgmd.com • Automatic shut off feature.

Distributors include Burrows, Gulf South, McKesson, • Custom probe cover and wall attachment storage
Medline, Owens & Minor, PSS, CVS, Rite Aid, and case available.
Walgreen
• Meets ASTM E1112 accuracy requirements.

• As accurate as mercury thermometers, but

composed of less toxic material.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

109
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Thermometers: Compact Digital (No Mercury)

Note: May be found at most medical supply stores.

Mabis Digital Thermometer • Compact digital thermometer.

Mabis Healthcare • Talking digital model available in English and

1931 Norman Drive Spanish.
Waukegan, IL 60085
800-728-6811 • Approximately 60 second for reading and beeps
Fax: 800-747-9646 when finished.
http://www.mabis.net
• Digital Pacified thermometer for children age 5
and under available.

• As accurate as mercury thermometers, but

composed of less toxic material.

Omron Digital Thermometer • Compact digital thermometer.

Omron Healthcare, Inc. • Fever thermometers Models MC-101 and MC-

1200 Lakeside Drive 104 are accurate to +/- 0.2°F.
Bannockburn, Illinois 60015
877-216-1333 or 800-216-1333 • Approximately 60 second for reading.
Fax: 847-918-6707
http://www.omronhealthcare.com • Beeps when finished except MC-104.

• Approximately 300 hour battery life.

• As accurate as mercury thermometers, but

composed of less toxic material.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

110
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Thermometers: Compact Digital (No Mercury)

Note: May be found at most medical supply stores.

PolyMedica Digital Thermometer • +/-0.2F accuracy from 98.0-102.0°F. All other

ranges’ accuracies are +/- 0.3 °F.
PolyMedica Corporation
11 State Street • Approximately 60 second for reading and beeps
Woburn, MA 01801 when finished.
800-521-4503 or 781-933-2020
Fax: 781-938-6950 • Disposal probe covers and automatic shut off
http://www.polymedica.com feature.

• Approximately 300 hour battery life.

• As accurate as mercury thermometers, but

composed of less toxic material.

Thermometers: Hypothermia (No Mercury)

Geratherm Hypothermic Thermometer • Liquid-in-glass thermometer filled with non-

(#20020) toxic silver colored Galinstan fluid.

R.G. Medical Diagnostics • Hypothermia thermometer with a range of 82°F -

Manufacturer’s Distributor 106°F.
21130 Bridge Street
Southfield, MI 48034 • Optional custom probe covers.
888-596-9498
Fax: 248-750-0187 • Mercury-free, battery-free thermometer
http://www.rgmd.com composed of less toxic material.

Distributors include Burrows, Gulf South, McKesson,

Medline, Owens & Minor, PSS, CVS, Rite Aid, and
Walgreen

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

111
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Thermometers: Infrared (No Mercury)

Diatek 9000 Insta-Temp • Aural (ear) thermometer.

Welch Allyn Medical Products • Meets ASTM standard for accuracy.

Thermometry Products
8500 S.W. Creekside Place • Approximately 20,000 measurements using 4
Beaverton, OR 97008 AAA batteries.
800-854-2904503-530-7500
Fax: 503-526-4200 • Readout modes: oral, core and rectal equivalents.
http://www.welchallyn.com
• Fahrenheit or Celsius option.

• Available with anti-theft device.

• More expensive than mercury, but just as

accurate and less hazardous.

• Need training for proper use.

Exergen Infrared Thermometers • Three kinds: Temporal Scanner™ LXTA/TAT-

5000 (temporal artery measurement), LighTouch
Exergen LTN (axillary measurement) and LighTouch
51 Water Street LTX (tympanic or ear measurement).
Watertown, MA 02472
800-422-3006 or 617-923-9900 • Temporal Scanner™ may be used on all ages
E-mail: medical@exergen.com and is the least invasive of all thermometer types.
http://www.exergen.com
• Not as accurate as mercury thermometers, but
they are good for quick screenings and are less
hazardous.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

112
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Thermometers: Infrared (No Mercury)

IVAC Core Check® • Ear thermometer.

Alaris Medical Systems • Meets ASTM standards for accuracy.

PO Box 85335
San Diego, CA 92186-5335 • Approximately 8000 measurements per 9 volt
800-482-4822 or 858-458-7000 battery.
Fax: 858-458-7760
E-mail: internetebusiness@alarismed.com • Shows ear temperature and has an anti-theft
http://www.alarismed.com option.

• More expensive than mercury, but just as

accurate and composed of less toxic material.

• Need training for proper use.

• IR calibration unit is available.

Thermoscan IRT 4520, 4020 • 60 second temperature measurement.

Braun • Model 4020 has 1 memory recall and model

1 Gillette Park 4K-16 4520 has 8 memory recalls.
Boston, MA 02127-1096
800-327-7226 or 800-272-8611 • ExacTemp technology.
Fax: 800-796-4565
http://www.braun.com • Meets ASTM standard for accuracy, but
composed of less toxic material than mercury.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

113
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Thermometers: Infrared (No Mercury)

Thermoscan Pro 1 and Pro LT • Meets ASTM standard for accuracy.

Braun • Tympanic, oral and rectal readouts in Fahrenheit

1 Gillette Park 4K-16 or Celsius.
Boston, MA 02127-1096
800-327-7226 or 800-272-8611 • Pro 1 does approximately 10,000 measurements
Fax: 800-796-4565 per 3 AAA batteries and is designed for heavy
http://www.braun.com use (50-100 measurements/day).

• Pro LT does approximately 1500 measurements

per 9 volt battery and is designed for normal use
(25-50 measurements per day).

• Tympanic reading is good for quick readouts, but

it is not as accurate as mercury thermometers.

• Composed of less toxic material than mercury.

Thermometers: Kitchen (No Mercury)

Note: May be found at most electronic and home supply stores.

Classic Series Oven Thermometer Oven thermometer with a two-way hanger/stand.

Calico Industries, Inc. Temperature range of 200°F to 500°F.

P.O. Box 2005
Annapolis Junction, MD 20701-2005 Composed of less toxic material than mercury.
800-638-0828
Fax: 301-498-2056
http://calicoindustries.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

114
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Thermometers: Kitchen (No Mercury)

Note: May be found at most electronic and home supply stores.

Classic Series Refrigerator/Freezer Thermometers Temperature range of -40°F to 60°F.

by Taylor Environmental Instruments
Mercury-free freezer thermometer.
Calico Industries, Inc.
P.O. Box 2005 Composed of less toxic material than mercury.
Annapolis Junction, MD 20701-2005
800-638-0828
Fax: 301-498-2056
http://calicoindustries.com

FlashCheck Pocket Probe Digital Thermometers Made to check core food temperatures and is in
Model No. 11025 compliance with FDA, and US Public Health
Services Food Code section 4-203-11.
DeltaTRAK, Inc.
P.O. Box 398 Composed of less toxic material than mercury.
Pleasanton, CA 94566
(925) 249-2250 or (800) 962-6776
Fax (925) 249-2251
E-mail: salesinfo@deltatrak.com
http://www.deltatrak.com

Horizontal Refrigerator/Freezer Thermometer Mercury-free freezer thermometer.

Calico Industries, Inc. Temperature range of -40°F to 80°F (-40°C to

P.O. Box 2005 27°C).
Annapolis Junction, MD 20701-2005
800-638-0828 Composed of less toxic material than mercury.
Fax: 301-498-2056
http://calicoindustries.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

115
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Thermometers: Kitchen (No Mercury)

Note: May be found at most electronic and home supply stores.

K-Type Thermocouple Meets the U.S. Food Code specifications.

by Comark Instruments, Inc.
Accepts a wide range of K-Type probes
Calico Industries, Inc.
P.O. Box 2005 Temperature range of -40°F to 1,000°F (-40°C to
Annapolis Junction, MD 20701-2005 500°C).
800-638-0828
Fax: 301-498-2056 Composed of less toxic material than mercury.
http://calicoindustries.com

Pocket Digital Thermometer #9878 It has a max/min memory and a two-stage off
button with timer.
Taylor Precision Products LP
Customer Service Temperature range is -58° to 500°F (-50° to
2220 Entrada del Sol 260°C).
Las Cruces, NM 88001
Telephone - 866-843-3905 Measures the core temperatures of food.
Fax - 505-526-4347
Email: info@taylorusa.com Composed of less toxic material than mercury.
www.taylorusa.com

Thermometers: Laboratory (No Mercury)

FlashCheck Digital Veterinary & Laboratory • Temperature range of -40°C to 150°C (-40°F to
Model No. 11026 302°F).

DeltaTRAK, Inc. • Suggested for use in labortories and as an alarm

P.O. Box 398 check thermometer for blood banks.
Pleasanton, CA 94566
(925) 249-2250 or (800) 962-6776 • Composed of less toxic material than mercury.
Fax (925) 249-2251
E-mail: salesinfo@deltatrak.com
http://www.deltatrak.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

116
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Thermometers: Medical Non-Electronic (No Mercury)

Geratherm Fever Thermometer • Mercury-free, liquid-in-glass thermometer

Oral model #20010 contains non-toxic silver colored Galinstan fluid.
Rectal model# 20051
• For oral, rectal and axillary use.
R.G. Medical Diagnostics
Manufacturer’s Distributor • Fahrenheit and Celsius readings and no batteries
21130 Bridge Street required.
Southfield, MI 48034
888-596-9498 • Optional custom probes.
Fax: 248-750-0187
http://www.rgmd.com • Composed of less toxic material than mercury.
Distributors include Burrows, Gulf South, McKesson,
Medline, Owens & Minor, PSS, CVS, Rite Aid, and
Walgreen

NexTemp™ and Traxit™ • Dot matrix thermometer that have a grid of dots
used to indicate temperature.
Medical Indicators, Inc.
1589 Reed Road • Non-toxic dots turn black with the last darkened
Pennington, NJ 08534 dot as the final temperature.
888-930-4599 or 609-737-1600
Fax: 609-737-0588 • Meets ASTM E1299 standard for accuracy.
E-mail: customerservice@medicalindicators.com
http://www.medicalindicators.com • Traxit: heart-shaped sticker placed under the
arm with adhesive for axillary temperature
measurements.

• NexTemp: Latex-free PETG flexible plastic strip

containing the dot matrix thermometer for oral
measurements and is available in a reusable and
disposable model.

• As accurate as mercury thermometers for

temperatures above 95 degrees Fahrenheit, but
composed of less toxic material than mercury.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

117
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Thermometers: Medical Non-Electronic (No Mercury)

• Meets ASTM standard for accuracy.

Tempa-Dot™ (website only partially working)
• Single use with a 2 year shelf life.
3M Health Care
Lincoln Executive Center • As accurate as mercury thermometers for
Building 111, Suite 200 temperatures above 95 degrees Fahrenheit.
Bellevue, WA 98007-5817
888-364-3577 or 206-562-7355 or 7356 • Composed of less toxic material than mercury.
Fax: 206-562-7635

19125 N. Creek Pkwy.

Bothell, WA 98011-8035
425-488-5002
Fax: 425-483-1058

22525 S.E. 64th Pl.

Issaquah, WA 98027-5383
425-557-5938
Fax: 425-557-5838
http://3m.com/healthcare

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

118
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Thermometers: Medical Specialty (No Mercury)

Note: May be found at most medical supply stores.

Derma Temp • Hand-held infrared thermographic scanner able

to detect skin temperature variations.
Exergen
51 Water Street • Measures temperature of skin anywhere on
Watertown, MA 02472 human body.
800-422-3006 or 617-923-9900
E-mail: medical@exergen.com • Can be used in plastic and vascular surgery, pain
http://www.exergen.com management, rheumatology, neurology including
diabetic neuropathy, anesthesiology, oncology
and wound management.

• Four models to compensate for different uses

(probe type).

• Composed of less toxic material than mercury.

Thermometers: Professional Digital (No Mercury)

Note: May be found at most medical supply stores.

IVAC Temp Plus® II and TURBO*TEMP™ • Professional electronic thermometer.

Alaris Medical Systems • +/- 0.2°F accuracy

PO Box 85335
San Diego, CA 92186-5335 • Comparable to mercury thermometers, but
800-482-4822 or 858-458-7000 composed of less toxic material than mercury.
Fax: 858-458-7760
E-mail: internetebusiness@alarismed.com • Needs 3 AA batteries.
http://www.alarismed.com
• Optional anti-theft addition.

• Both oral and rectal probes on single device.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

119
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Thermometers: Professional Digital (No Mercury)

Note: May be found at most medical supply stores.

IVAC Vital-Check® • Professional vital signs monitor for temperature

and blood pressure in one system (4200 and 440
Alaris Medical Systems series Vital Signs Monitor).
PO Box 85335
San Diego, CA 92186-5335 • 4400 series offers pulse oximetry monitoring.
800-482-4822 or 858-458-7000
Fax: 858-458-7760 • May be used for all ages from neonates to
E-mail: internetebusiness@alarismed.com geriatrics.
http://www.alarismed.com
• Composed of less toxic material than mercury.

R.G. Medical DataTherm™ Continuous • Continuous temperature thermometer with +/-

Temperature Monitor 0.2°F accuracy for a range of 62.6°F -113°F.

R.G. Medical Diagnostics • 4 second readings with alarms for high and low
Manufacturer’s Distributor temperatures.
21130 Bridge Street
Southfield, MI 48034 • Stores up to 70 day/time/temperature readings
888-596-9498 for recall purposes at your specified interval.
Fax: 248-750-0187
http://www.rgmd.com • Designed for burn, hypothermia, hyperthermia
and febrile seizure patients.
Distributors include Burrows, Gulf South, McKesson,
Medline, Owens & Minor, PSS, CVS, Rite Aid, and • Converts Fahrenheit to Celsius.
Walgreen
• Composed of less toxic material than mercury.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

120
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Thermometers: Professional Digital (No Mercury)

Note: May be found at most medical supply stores.

Sure Temp® • Professional electronic thermometer with +/-

0.2°F accuracy.
Welch Allyn Medical Products
Thermometry Products • Comparable to mercury thermometers, but
8500 S.W. Creekside Place composed of less toxic material than mercury.
Beaverton, OR 97008
800-854-2904503-530-7500 • Portable or wall mounted options.
Fax: 503-526-4200
http://www.welchallyn.com • Approximately 6000 readings per every 3 AA
batteries.

• Oral/axillary or rectal probes available.

• Calibration key available and reads in either

Fahrenheit or Celsius.

• Option of 4 or 9 ft cord.

Thermometers: Weather (No Mercury)

Ever Safe Thermometers • Mercury-free device that is available with a

teflon coating for added strength.
Ertco
Ever Ready Thermometer Company, Inc. • Many different options.
2555 Kerper Blvd.
Dubuque, IA 52001 • Filled with easily visible blue liquid.
800-553-0039
Fax: 563-589-0516 • Composed of less toxic material than mercury.
E-mail: rddatria@barnstead.com,
rcasario@barnstead.com, pwstinson@barnstead.com
http://www.ertco.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

121
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Thermometers: Weather (No Mercury)

Temp-Chex Enviro-Safe® and Red Spirit • Refrigerator, incubator, freezer, room

Thermometers temperature and ultra-low freezer options for
Red Spirit model.
Streck Laboratories, Inc.
7002 S. 109th St. • Vendor claims Enviro-Safe® uses
La Vista, NE 68128 biodegradable, nontoxic and nonflammable
800-843-0912 materials only but is not capable of measuring
Fax: 402-691-7511 the extreme temperature environments (e.g.
http://www.streck.com ultra-low freezer).

• Both are mercury-free and composed of less

toxic material.

Thermostat Probes (No Mercury)

Precision Thermostat Probe Packages • Thermostat probes that contain metals less
hazardous than mercury.
Texas Instruments Precision Products
34 Forest Street, MS 1–38 • Offer different packages including hermetic and
Attleboro, MA 02703 non-hermetic probes.
508-236-3287
Fax: 508-236-1598 • Have probes for HVAC units, small appliances
E-mail: klixon@ti.com and other applications.
http://www.ti.com/snc
• Comparable to mercury probes.

Thermostats (No Mercury)

Mechanical and Digital Honeywell Thermostats • Comparable to mercury thermostats, but

composed of less toxic material than mercury.
16520 Harbor Blvd. #B
Fountain Valley, CA 92708 • Many options available.
800-734-0405
Fax: 714-200-0665 • Choice of programmable digital thermostats as
http://www.honeywell-thermostat.com well.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

122
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Thermostats (No Mercury)

Robert Shaw Digital and Mechanical Thermostats • Thermostats for heat pump, electric, gas and oil.

Robert Shaw • Comparable to mercury thermostats, but

Division of Invensys Climate Controls composed of less toxic material than mercury.
100 W. Victoria Street
Long Beach, CA 90805 • Choice of programmable digital thermostats as
800-232-9389 well.
http://www.robertshaw.com

Tissue Adhesive Slides (No Chromium)

Pre-charged Adhesive Slides • Slides coated with silane, gelatin or Poly-L-

Lysine are available and are chromium-free.
Labscientific, Inc.
114 West Mt. Pleasant Avenue • Less toxic than chromium containing slide
Livingston, New Jersey 07039 adhesives.
800-886-4507 or 973-992-0850
Fax: (973) 992-0827 • Silane or 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane, is a
E-mail: info@labscientific.com positively charged compound that forms
http://www.labscientific.com covalent bonds with tissue and cytology
preparations. Do not heat with flame
(explosive).

• Resists temperatures up to 92°C as well as

bleaching and enzymatic predigestion.

• Poly-L-Lysine is used with frozen sections,

immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization
to minimize tissue loss and the positive charge
allows for binding to many types of biological
matter.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

123
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Tissue Adhesive Slides (No Chromium)

Tissue Section Adhesive • Tissue section adhesive made of gelatin and

ethylene glycol.
Richard Allan Scientific
(Cat No. 6901, 6905, 6955) • Less toxic than chromium.
4481 Campus Drive
Kalamazoo, MI 49008 • Avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents and
800-522-7270 do not handle without gloves.
Fax: 269-372-2809
Contact: Tyna Smith Ext. 634 • It does not interfere with staining reactions and
E-mail: tsmith@rallansci.com will not create a background residue.
http://www.rallansci.com

Ultrastick™ /UltraFrost™ Adhesion Slides • Slide coated with silane or 3-

Aminopropyltriethoxysilane.
Ted Pella, Inc.
P.O. Box 492477 • Chromium-free compound is less toxic than
Redding, CA 96049-2477 chromium containing slide adhesives.
530-243-2200 or 800-237-3526
Fax: 530-243-3761 • Silane is a positively charged compound that
E-mail: sales@tedpella.com covalently bonds with tissue and cytology
http://www.tedpella.com preparations. Do not heat with flame
(explosive).

• Resists temperatures up to 92°C as well as

bleaching and enzymatic pre-digestion.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

124
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Topical Antimicrobial Ointment: Burn Wound Care (No Silver Nitrate or Gentamycin)

Silvadene • Contains silver sulfadiazine.

King Pharmaceuticals®, Inc. • Typically used for 2nd or 3rd degree burn victims.
501 Fifth Street
Bristol, Tennessee 37620 • Less toxic than silver nitrate, however care needs
888-840-5370 to be taken when applying to large areas of
Fax: 866-990-0545 burned skin. Silver may be cytotoxic increasing
http://www.kingpharm.com the healing time. Aloe vera (moist wound) may
prevent the healing time from increasing.

• Some people may be allergic to sulfadiazine.

• Not appropriate for people with renal or liver

problems.

Sulfamylon® Cream • Displays bacteriostatic properties on

Pseudomonas aeruginosa and certain strains of
Bertek Pharmaceuticals, Inc. anaerobes.
781 Chestnut Ridge Road
Morgantown, WV 26505 • Typically used for 2nd or 3rd degree burn victims.
888-823-7835
304-285-6420 • Consists of 5% mafenide acetate which is less
http://www.bertek.com toxic than silver nitrate and gentamycin.

• Some people may be allergic to sulfa drugs.

• Inhibits carbonic anhydrase, which may result in

metabolic acidosis. There are reports of fatal
hemolytic anemia with disseminated
intravascular coagulation after treatment.

• Not appropriate for people with renal or liver

problems.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

125
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Totes: Reusable, Industrial Grade

Nest and Stack Totes • Industrial-grade, reusable totes made of

polyethylene for shipping, transfer and storage.
Akro-Mils/Myer Industries
market@po.akro-mils.com • Produces less waste than disposable totes and
http://www.akro-mils.com protects surrounding area from leaks.

• Vendor claims it will not rust, corrode or lose its

shape.

• Gray tote uses FDA-approved materials.

• Offers 3 colors and 9 sizes with lid.

HPDE Tote Boxes • High-density polyethylene tote boxes for

shipping, transfer and storage.
Cole-Parmer Instrument Company
625 East Bunker Court • Produces less waste than disposable containers
Vernon Hills, IL 60061 and protects surrounding area from leaks.
800-323-4340
Fax: 847-247-2929 • All totes are USDA and FDA-approved.
http://www.coleparmer.com
• Lids are not air or watertight.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

126
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Vacuum Systems and Pumps (No Mercury)

Vacuum Pumps and Systems • Pumps use water to generate vacuum.

Tuthill Vacuum and Blower Systems • No mercury is present within vacuum systems
4840 West Kearney Street and pumps.
Springfield, MO 65803-8702
800-825-6937
Fax: 417-865-2950
or
31805 Hwy 79 South, Suite 160
Temecula, CA 92653
Contact: Dick Mathey
951-308-1754
Fax: 951-506-9437
E-mail: vacuum@tuthill.com
http://vacuum.tuthill.com

Washer and Dryers: Energy Star Rated/Water Conservation

Bosch 6.2 Cu Ft. Premium Nexxt™ Gas Dryer • Electronically controlled.

Lowe’s Companies, Inc. • Has a stainless steel drum.

Customer Care (CON8)
Lowe's Companies, Inc. • Retail cost = $847.00 (may vary).
P.O. Box 1111
North Wilkesboro, NC 28656 • ENERGY STAR® qualified.
800-445-6937
Check site for store nearest you.
http://www.lowes.com/energy

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

127
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Washer and Dryers: Energy Star Rated/Water Conservation

Fisher & Paykel 3.7 Cu. Ft. EcoSmart Clothes • ENERGY STAR® qualified.
Washer
• Has a stainless steel drum.
Lowe’s Companies, Inc.
Customer Care (CON8) • 5 temperatures, 3 spin speeds and 5 wash cycles.
Lowe's Companies, Inc.
P.O. Box 1111 • Largest energy efficient washer available at
North Wilkesboro, NC 28656 Lowe’s at the lowest price.
800-445-6937
Check site for store nearest you. • Must use approximately 1/3 the electricity and
http://www.lowes.com/energy the water of a regular washing machine to
qualify as ENERGY STAR®.

• Agitator washer.

GE® 3.5 Cu. Ft. Capacity King-size Washer with • Electronically controlled.
Stainless Steel Basket Model WHRE5260EWW
• Has a stainless steel basket.
Home Depot
800-430-3376 • Least expensive washer from home depot with
http://www.homedepot.com/ the largest capacity possessing an ENERGY
Search: Save energy STAR® rating.

• Agitator washer.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

128
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Washer and Dryers: Energy Star Rated/Water Conservation

Staber Washing Machines • ENERGY STAR® rated washer uses

approximately 12 to 22 gallons of water per load
Staber Industries, Inc. compared to the average of 40 gallons.
4800 Homer Ohio Lane
Groveport, OH 43125 • Uses only 1 ounce of detergent per load.
800-848-6200 or 614-836-5995
Fax: 614-836-9524 • Initial cost is high ($1,199/washer).
E-mail: info@staber.com
http://www.staber.com • Stainless steel tub.

• Vendor claims it will wash a queen size quilt.

• Not an agitator-style washer.

Waste Disinfection Systems

PrecisionScan™ 500 • Used for sterilization of single use plastic and

other equipment materials and does not produce
Titan Scan Technologies toxic byproducts.
9020 Activity Road, Suite D
San Diego, CA 92126 • Less toxic than EtO.
800-438-1423
Fax: 858-547-5937 • Most useful for companies processing up to
E-mail: scan.marketing@titan.com 500,000 cubic feet of waste a year.
http://www.titanscan.com/media/pdf/PrecScan500.p
df • Process time takes less than one hour per cycle.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

129
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Waste Water Treatment Systems: Boilers and Dialysis Chemical Disinfection (No Mercury)

Air and Waste Ozone Water Disinfection Systems • Air and wastewater treatment systems with no
hazardous byproducts.
BIOzone Corporation
11026 East Crestline Circle • May use large amounts of energy depending on
Englewood, Colorado 80111 necessary application.
303-770-2095
Fax: 303-689-0065 • Creates ozone from oxygen which breaks open
E-mail: ozone@biozone.com cell wall of microorganisms creating cell death.
http://www.biozone.com/index.html
• Ozone is hazardous so monitor for leaks
carefully.

• Destroys bio-film, bacteria, endotoxins, viruses

and algae.

MED-RO™ Reverse Osmosis (RO) Medical • Reverse osmosis water treatment system for
Systems RX Series hemodialysis equipment.

US Filter Corporation • Occupies a small space.

800.466.7873
E-mail to: information@usfilter.com • May reduce the need to clean dialysis with
http://www.usfilter.com/water/ formaldehyde and ROs may be cleaned with
hydrogen peroxide.

• Systems process between 1.4 and 15 gpm.

• Flow indicators made of PVC. Proper disposal

regulations must be followed.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

130
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Waste Water Treatment Systems: Boilers and Dialysis Chemical Disinfection (No Mercury)

Ozone Disinfection Systems • Can customize ozone system.

Ozone Solutions, Inc. • Destroys bio-film, bacteria, endotoxins, viruses

789 7th St NW and algae.
Sioux Center, IA 51250
712-722-0337 • Eliminates need to use disinfectants.
Fax: 712-722-1787
E-mail: info@ozoneapplications.com, • Waste water treatment system with no hazardous
sales@ozoneapplications.com, byproducts.
engineering@ozoneapplications.com
http://www.ozoneapplications.com • May use large amounts of energy depending on
necessary application.

• Creates ozone from oxygen which breaks open

cell wall of microorganisms creating cell death.

• Ozone is hazardous so monitor for leaks

carefully.

Ozone Disinfection Systems • Wastewater treatment system with no hazardous

byproducts.
Ozonia North America
491 Edward H. Ross Drive • More energy efficient than other ozone systems.
Elmwood Park, New Jersey 07407
201-794 3100 | • Destroys bio-film, bacteria, endotoxins, viruses
Fax: 201-794 3358 and algae.
E-mail: info@ozonia.com
http://www.ozonia.com • Eliminates need to use disinfectants.

• Creates ozone from oxygen which breaks open

cell wall of microorganisms creating cell death.

• Ozone is hazardous so monitor for leaks

carefully.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

131
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Waste Water Treatment Systems: Boilers and Dialysis Chemical Disinfection (No Mercury)

Ozone Systems • Waste water treatment systems with no

hazardous byproducts.
CATEC Custom Water Recovery Systems
2361 Whitfield Park Av. • May use large amounts of energy depending on
Sarasota, Florida 34243 necessary application.
941-751-5656888-536-7100
Fax: 941-758-0815 • Creates ozone from oxygen which breaks open
Contact: Dean Taylor cell wall of microorganisms creating cell death.
E-mail: CatecCWR@aol.com
http://www.catec.com • Ozone is hazardous so monitor for leaks
carefully.

• Small, compact systems.

• Destroys bio-film, bacteria, endotoxins, viruses

and algae.

Portable Dialysis Ozone Disinfection System • Destroys bio-film, bacteria, endotoxins, viruses
and algae.
AmeriWater®
1303 Stanley Avenue • Eliminates need to use disinfectants.
Dayton, Ohio 45404
937-461-8833 or 800-535-5585 • Waste water treatment system with no hazardous
Fax: 937-461-1988 byproducts.
E-mail: watertech@ameriwater.com
http://www.dayton.net/~watertech/ozone.html • May use large amounts of energy depending on
necessary application.

• Creates ozone from oxygen which breaks open

cell wall of microorganisms creating cell death.

• Ozone is hazardous so monitor for leaks

carefully.

• Small, compact, mobile system.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

132
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Waste Water Treatment Systems: Boilers and Dialysis Chemical Disinfection (No Mercury)

Waste Water Treatment Systems • Water treatment systems are available mercury-
free per request.
Norwalk Wastewater Equipment Company, Inc.
220 Republic Street • Systems equivalent to those with mercury
Norwalk, Ohio 44857-1196 components.
419-668-4471
Fax: 419-663-5440
http://www.norweco.com

Weighted Surgical/Internal Tubing (No Mercury)

AN20 Andersen Long Weighted Sump Tube • For intestinal intubation and vacuum aspiration
of patients with ileus (intestinal blockage) and
H.W. Andersen Products of California hypoactive bowel sounds.
Health Science Park
3151 Caroline Dr. • Weighted with ten, less toxic tungsten pellets
Haw River, NC 27258-9575 instead of mercury and is latex-free.
800-524-3455 or 336-376-0157
Fax: 336-376-3088 • Considered as effective as mercury.
E-mail: kathy@andcal.com
http://www.andcal.com • Alternative to Rhefus and Einhorn tubes (passed
http://www.anpro.com transnasally) for diagnostic duodenal aspirations.

• Consists of anti-reflux filter.

• Outer tubing made of PVC (DO NOT

INCINERATE).

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

133
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Weighted Surgical/Internal Tubing (No Mercury)

AN21 Andersen Miller-Abbot Type Intestinal Tube • Unweighted gastrointestinal tract aspirating tube.

H.W. Andersen Products of California • Mercury-free and is less toxic.

Health Science Park
3151 Caroline Dr. • Considered as effective as mercury.
Haw River, NC 27258-9575
800-524-3455 or 336-376-0157 • Outer tubing made of PVC (DO NOT
Fax: 336-376-3088 INCINERATE).
E-mail: kathy@andcal.com
http://www.andcal.com • Bulb made of latex (May be an allergen).
http://www.anpro.com

AN22 Pre-Weighted Andersen Miller-Abbot Type • Weighted with less toxic tungsten instead of
Intestinal Tube mercury.

H.W. Andersen Products of California • Considered as effective as mercury.

Health Science Park
3151 Caroline Dr. • Single use tube for temporary management of
Haw River, NC 27258-9575 early mechanical obstruction in small and large
800-524-3455 or 336-376-0157 intestine.
Fax: 336-376-3088
E-mail: kathy@andcal.com • Radio-opaque with 24 aspiration ports.
http://www.andcal.com
http://www.anpro.com • Outer tubing made of PVC (DO NOT
INCINERATE).

• Bulb made of latex (May be an allergen).

• Requires irrigation with saline frequently.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

134
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Weighted Surgical/Internal Tubing (No Mercury)

Andersen Nasogastric Tubes: AN 10, AN11, AN13, • Vented bilumenal gastric tube that keeps the
AN14 and AN18 stomach continuously empty.

H.W. Andersen Products of California • Tubes weighted with less toxic tungsten instead
Health Science Park of mercury.
3151 Caroline Dr.
Haw River, NC 27258-9575 • Considered as effective as mercury.
800-524-3455 or 336-376-0157
Fax: 336-376-3088 • Made of vinyl (may not be DEHP-free).
E-mail: kathy@andcal.com
http://www.andcal.com • Has placement marks at 40, 50, 60 and 70cm
http://www.anpro.com above the most proximal aspirating port.

• Hydrophobic filter covers vent tube which is

radio opaque.

• If it bubbles then it works.

• 10 and 16 Fr tubes have stylets to aid in

positioning inside unconscious or uncooperative
patients.

Bard Surgical Tubing • All of Bard’s surgical tubing is no longer

weighted.
Bard Medical Division
C. R. Bard, Inc. • Mercury-free and is less toxic.
8195 Industrial Blvd.
Covington, Georgia 30014
800 526-4455
E-mail: medical.services@crbard.com
http://www.bardmedical.com

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

135
 Less Hazardous Products and Waste Management Vendors
Product and Manufacturer Comments

Weighted Surgical/Internal Tubing (No Mercury)

Medovations WEIGHTRIGHT™ Mercury-Free • Maloney and Hurst style bougie tubes weighted
Bougie with less toxic tungsten instead of mercury.

Medovations, Inc. • Comparable in weight to mercury tubes.

102 E. Keefe Ave.
Milwaukee, WI 53212 • Medovations will recycle bougie tubes filled
414-265-7620 or 800-558-6408 with mercury free of charge.
Fax: 414-265-7628
E-mail: medo@medovations.com
http://www.medovations.com

Rusch Bougie Tubes • Maloney and Hurst-style weighted with tungsten.

TFX-Rusch Inc. • Comparable to mercury weighted tubes.

800-553-5214
Fax: 770-623-1829 • Less toxic than mercury.
E-mail: csrusch@teleflexmedical.com
http://www.rusch.com • Made of silicone (Silkomed™) instead of PVC.

The Department of Ecology does not assume any liability for the accuracy or completeness of the information presented in the Vendor List of Less Hazardous
Products. A listing of a firm does not constitute a recommendation. Proper handling and disposal of waste is the responsibility of the generator.

136
 Appendix 3
Resources
Air Pollution Information Agencies ........................................................ 1
Clean Air Agencies In Washington State................................................ 2
Cleaning Supplies (less toxic) ................................................................... 3
Composting and Composting Systems Information ............................ 3
Digital Photography Equipment.............................................................. 3
Disinfectants and Antiseptics ................................................................... 3
Distillation Equipment .............................................................................. 4
Formaldehyde-free and Glutaraldehyde-free Sterilants ...................... 4
Pollution Prevention and Waste Reduction Information..................... 4
Green Building............................................................................................ 5
Hazardous Waste Management............................................................... 5
Health and Safety ....................................................................................... 5
Mercury Refineries..................................................................................... 6
Neonatal Tubing (PCB- and DEHP-free)................................................ 6
Pesticides ..................................................................................................... 6
Pharmaceuticals Management ................................................................. 7
Radionuclides.............................................................................................. 9
Recycling...................................................................................................... 9
Spill Kits and Equipment .......................................................................... 9
Used Equipment ....................................................................................... 10
Xylene Alternatives.................................................................................. 10
Material Exchanges .................................................................................. 10
 Sources of Information About Air Pollution in Washington State
1. Olympic Region Clean Air Agency 2. Department of Ecology - NW Regional Office
(Clallam, Grays Harbor, Jefferson, Mason, Pacific, (San Juan County)
Thurston Counties) 3190 160th Ave SE
2940 B Limited Lane NW Bellevue WA 98008-5452
Olympia WA 98502 Telephone: (425) 649-7000
Richard Stedman, Executive Director Fax: (425) 649-7098 TTY: (800) 833-6388
Telephone: (360) 586-1044 or (800) 422-5623
Fax: (360) 491-6308 E-mail: info@orcaa.org
Internet: http://222.orcaa.org
3. Northwest Clean Air Agency 4. Puget Sound Clean Air Agency
(Island, Skagit, Whatcom Counties) (King, Kitsap, Pierce, Snohomish Counties)
1600 South Second Street 110 Union Street, #500
Mount Vernon WA 98273-5202 Seattle WA 98101-2038
James Randles, Air Pollution Control Officer Dennis McLerran, Air Pollution Control Officer
Telephone: (360) 428-1617 Telephone: (206) 343-8800 or (800) 552-3565
Telephone: (800) 622-4627 (Island & Whatcom) Burn Ban Recording: (800) 595-4341
Fax: (360) 428-1620 E-mail: info@nwair.org Fax: (206) 343-7522 E-mail: info@pscleanair.org
Internet: http://www.nwair.org Internet: http://www.pscleanair.org
5. Southwest Clean Air Agency 6. Department of Ecology - Central Regional Office
(Clark, Cowlitz, Lewis, Skamania, Wahkiakum Counties) (Chelan, Douglas, Kittitas, Klickitat, Okanogan Counties)
11815 NE 99th Street #1294 15 West Yakima AVE #200
Vancouver WA 98682-2394 Yakima WA 98902-3401
Robert Elliott, Executive Director Telephone: (509) 575-2490
Telephone: (360) 574-3058 or (800) 633-0709 Fax: (509) 575-2809 TTY: (800) 833-6388
Fax: (360) 943-2060
E-mail: webmaster@swcleanair.org
Internet: http://www.swcleanair.org
7. Yakima Regional Clean Air Authority 8. Department of Ecology - Eastern Regional Office
6 S Second Street #1016 (Adams, Asotin, Columbia, Ferry, Franklin, Garfield, Grant,
Yakima WA 98901 Lincoln, Pend Oreille, Stevens, Walla Walla, Whitman
Les Ornelas, Director Counties)
Telephone: (509) 834-2050 or (800) 540-6950 4601 N Monroe Street
Fax: (509) 574-1411 E-mail: info@yrcaa.org Spokane WA 99205-1295
Internet: http://www.co.yakima.wa.us/cleanair Telephone: (509) 329-3400
Fax: (509) 329-3529 TTY: (800) 833-6388
9. Spokane County Air Pollution Control Authority 10. Benton Clean Air Authority
1101 W College Ave #403 114 Columbia Point Dr #C
Spokane WA 99201 Richland WA 99352-4387
Telephone: (509) 477-4727 Dave Lauer, Director
Fax: (509) 477-6828 Telephone: (509) 943-2232
E-mail: publicinfo@scapca.org Burn Ban Recording: (509) 945-4489
Internet: http://www.scapca.org Fax: (509) 943-0505 E-mail: email@bcaa.net
Internet: http://www.bcaa.net

Department of Ecology – Air Quality Program Pulp Mills, Aluminum Smelters

PO Box 47600, Olympia WA 98504-7600 Department of Ecology – Industries Section
Telephone: (360) 407-6800 PO Box 47600, Olympia WA 98504-7600
Fax: (360) 407-7534, TTY (800) 833-6388 Telephone: (360) 407-6916
Internet: Fax: (360) 407-6902 TTY: (800) 833-6388
http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/air/airhome.html

Department of Ecology Southwest Regional Office, PO Box 47775, Olympia, WA 98504-7775

Telephone: (360) 407-6300 – Fax: (360) 407-6305, TTY: (800) 833-6388

1
2
 Resource List

LESS TOXIC CLEANING SUPPLIES

Bio-Kleen Healthy Clean Buildings
810 Lake Street 4 Wilmington Drive
Kalamazoo MI 49001 Melville NY 11747
(800) 240-5536 (631) 643-1882
sales@bioklee.com (Tim Kowalski) Fax: (631) 643-4649
http://www.biokleen.com cleaning@fnol.net (Stan Halpern)
http://www.cleaningpro.com

COMPOSTING AND COMPOSTING SYSTEMS INFORMATION

Augspurger Engineering Inc Clean Washington Center
15455 N Greenway-Hayden Loop #C14 http://www.cwc.org/organics/org976rpt.pdf
Scottsdale AZ 85260-1609
(602) 438-5966

Green Mountain Technologies Naturtech Composting Systems Inc

3822 Latona Avenue NE 4218 SW Donovan
Seattle WA 98105 Seattle WA 98136
(206) 634-1308 (206) 932-4621

DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY EQUIPMENT

Canon USA Inc National Ultrasound
1 Canon Plaza 6160 Peachtree Dunwoody Road #B201
Lake Success NY 11042-1198 Atlanta GA 30328
www.usa.canon.com (800) 797-4546
Fax: (770) 551-8598
info@nationalultrasound.com

PAX System
http://www.paxit.com

DISINFECTANTS/ANTISEPTICS
Clorox Company Decon Labs Inc (See vendor list)
1221 Broadway 890 County Line Road
Oakland CA 94612 Bryn Mawr PA 19010
(510) 271-7000 (800) 332-6647
(888) 797-7225 Fax: (610) 964-0650
http://www.cloroxprofessional.com http://www.deconlabs.com

3
This resource list should not be interpreted as a product endorsement by the Washington State Department of
Ecology nor should it be considered all inclusive.
DISTILLATION EQUIPMENT
Pope Scientific Inc
PO Box 495
Menomonee Falls WI 53051
(414) 251-9300
Fax: (414) 251-7387

FORMALDEHYDE-FREE AND GLUTARALDEHYDE-FREE STERILANTS

Johnson & Johnson Minntech Corporation
www.jnj.com www.ne-water.com

Radiation Shield Technologies Sultan Chemists

1825 Ponce de Leon Blvd #456 www.sultanintl.com
Coral Gables FL 33134
(866) 733-6766
Fax: (866) 533-6766
info@radshield.com
http://www.radshield.com

GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT VARIOUS POLLUTION PREVENTION/WASTE REDUCTION TOPICS

Energy Star Environmental Health and Nursing
www.energystar.gov http://envirn.umaryland.edu

Healthcare Without Harm Hospitals for a Healthy Environment

1755 South Street NW #6B www.h2e-online.org
Washington DC 20009
(202) 234-0091
info@hcwh.org
http://www.noharm.org/

Sustainable Hospitals US Environmental Protection Agency

Kitson 200 One University Avenue RCRA Online Website
Lowell MA 01854 http://www.epa.gov/rcraonline
(978) 934-3386
shp@uml.edu
www.sustainablehospitals.org

US Environmental Protection Agency US Environmental Protection Agency

Pollution Prevention Vendor Information
http://www.epa.gov/region2/p2/health.htm http://es.epa.gov/vendors/

US Environmental Protection Agency

Region 10
1200 Sixth Avenue
Seattle WA 98101
(206) 442-5810

4
This resource list should not be interpreted as a product endorsement by the Washington State Department of
Ecology nor should it be considered all inclusive.
GREEN BUILDING
Better Bricks Building Design & Construction
(888) 216-5357 http://www.bdcmag.com/
www.betterbricks.com

Green Guide for Health Care

www.gghc.org/

HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT

Clean Harbors Environmental Services Inc Diversified Scientific Services Inc
(800) 462-4678 (865) 376-0084
www.cleanharbors.com www.permafix.com/dssi/

Envirotech Systems Kleen Environmental Technologies

(800) 922-9395 (206) 285-8010

LWD Inc Onyx Environmental Services

(800) 995-5813 (800) 334-2387
www.lwd-inc.com www.onyxes.com

Pacific Industrial Resources Pollution Control Industries

(253) 437-0785 (800) 388-7242
www.pacific-industrial-resources.com www.pollutioncontrol.com

Phillip Services Prime Environmental Services

(800) 228-7872 (206) 768-6162
www.philipnow.com

Safety Kleen Teris/ENSCO

(800) 669-5948 (870) 864-3674
www.safety-kleen.com/ www.enscoinc.com

Von Roll WTI

(877) 201-3301
www.vonrollwti.com

HEALTH AND SAFETY

Labor and Industries (WISHA) Occupational Safety & Health
http://www.lni.wa.gov/safety/default.asp Administration (OSHA)
www.osha.gov

Laboratory Safety Stickers

J.T. Baker
(908) 859-2151

5
This resource list should not be interpreted as a product endorsement by the Washington State Department of
Ecology nor should it be considered all inclusive.
MERCURY REFINERIES
Adrow Chemical Company Bethlehem Apparatus Company
2 Lines Avenue 890 Front Street
Wanaque NJ 07465 Hellerstown PA 18055
(201) 839-2372 (201) 838-7034
Fax: (201) 244-9448 Fax: (610) 838-6333
Info@bethlehemapparatus.com
www.bethlehemapparatus.com

D.F. Goldsmith Chemical & Metal Corp Mercury Distributers Inc

909 Pitner Avenue 13814 Almeda Road
Evanston IL 60602 Houston TX 77053
(312) 869-7800 (713) 433-2418
Fax: (847) 869-2531

Mercury Recovery Services (MRS) Mercury Refining Co

700 Fifth Avenue 1218 Central Avenue
New Brighton PA 12205 Albany NY 12205
(412) 843-5000 (518) 459-0820
Fax: (412) 843-5353 Fax: (518) 459-2334

Mercury Waste Solutions Inc Medovations

21211 Durand Avenue http://www.medovations.com
Union Grove WI 53182
(800) 741-3343 or (816) 554-8080
Fax: (816) 554-8787

Pilling Teleflex Medical Rusch Inc

www.teleflex.com www.rusch.com

NEONATAL TUBING (PBC AND DEHP FREE)

Arrow International Colombia Medical Inc
PO Box 12888 1830 SE First Street
Reading PA 19612 Redmond OR 97756
(800) 640-6428 or (800) 523-8446 (800) 548-8667 or (800)533-4984
http://www.neocare.com Fax: (541) 548-8066
http://utahmed.com

PESTICIDES
Beyond Pesticides Integrated Pest Management Institute of
701 E Street SE #200 North America
Washington DC 20003 1914 Rowley Avenue
(202) 543-5450 Madison WI 53705
info@beyondpesticides.org (608) 232-1528
www.beyondpesticides.org www.ipminstitute.org

6
This resource list should not be interpreted as a product endorsement by the Washington State Department of
Ecology nor should it be considered all inclusive.
PESTICIDES
Northwest Coalition for Alternatives to NorthWest Ag Plastics
Pesticides www.nwagplastics.com
PO Box 1393
Eugene OR 97440-1393
info@pesticide.org
www.pesticide.org

Washington State Department of Health &

Office of Superintendent of Public
Instruction
www.k12.wa.us

PHARMACEUTICALS MANAGEMENT
Capital Returns Inc Certified Returns (L.L. Horizon)
(800) 950-5479 (800) 461-1145
www.capitalreturns.com

Envirotech Systems EXP Pharmaceutical Services

(800) 922-9395 (800) 350-0397
www.expworld.com

Guaranteed Returns (Devos Ltd) Kellcor USA Ltd

(800) 473-2138 PO Box 5884
www.guaranteedreturns.com High Point NC 27262
(800) 239-9677
www.kellcor.com

Maximum RX Credit Inc Med-Turn Inc

(800) 923-6724 (800) 488-5735
www.max-rx-credit.com/ www.medturn.com

National Pharmaceutical Returns Inc One Source Returns

(800) 470-7725 (800) 835-9440
www.npreturns.com www.onesourcereturns.com

Pharmaceutical Credit Corp Pharmaceutical Returns Service Inc

(800) 487-4308 (800) 215-5878
www.pcccredit.com

Pharmacy Software Solutions Inc Professional Returns

(847) 549-1171 (480) 216-9676
www.directreturn.com

7
This resource list should not be interpreted as a product endorsement by the Washington State Department of
Ecology nor should it be considered all inclusive.
PHARMACEUTICALS MANAGEMENT
PharmEcology Phillip Services
200 S Executive Drive #101 (800) 228-7872
Brookfield WI 53005 www.philipnow.com
(262) 814-2635
info@pharmecology.com
www.pharmecology.com

P.S. Industries Reliable RX Return Inc

(206) 749-0739 (800) 215-0727
www.reliablereturns.com

Return Logistics International Corp Return Solutions Inc

(912) 748-5100 (800) 579-4804
www.returnlogistics.com www.drugreturn.com

Returns Industry Association Romic Environmental Technologies

1821 Michael Faraday Drive #400 4500 15th Street E #A
Reston VA 20190 Tacoma WA 98424
(703) 847-3696 (800) 819-5912
info@returnsindustry.com or www.romic.com
riawash@aol.com

RX Automation Inc SAI Transport

3800 S Congress Avenue #8 (863) 858-7110
Boynton Beach FL 33436 www.saitrans.com
(800) 474-9090
www.rxautomation.com

Stericycle Inc Strong Environmental Inc

(847) 964-2250 (770) 409-1500
www.directreturn.com www.strongenvironmental.com

Teris Universal Solutions

(360) 793-8606 465 Shepherd Street
www.terisna.com Winston-Salem NC 27103
(800) 228-8369
(800) 777-6565
www.usiinc.net

USF Processors
(800) 967-5952
www.usfc.com/usfprocessors/

8
This resource list should not be interpreted as a product endorsement by the Washington State Department of
Ecology nor should it be considered all inclusive.
RADIONUCLIDES
Medical Isotope Applications List at http://www.cbvcp.com/nmrc/mia.html is a list of short-
life radio isotopes used in nuclear medicine for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer
including their specific application.

RECYCLING
Batteries Fluorescent Lamps
Allied Battery Co Earth Protection Services
(206) 762-5522 7272 SW Durham Road #100
Tigard OR 97224
Batteries Plus (800) 414 0443
7704 N Division #3 www.earthpro.com
Spokane WA 99203
Ecolights Northwest
Budget Batteries 4400 4th Avenue S
(253) 922-3737 PO Box 94291
Seattle WA 98124
City of Spokane (206) 343-1247
Solid Waste Management
1225 E Marieta Avenue Emerald Services
Spokane WA 99207 9010 E Marginal Way S
Seattle WA 98108
Toby’s Battery & Auto Electric LLC (206) 832-3000
3003 N Crestline Street www.emeraldnw.com
Spokane WA 99218

General Thermometers (mercury)

Environment, Health and Safety Online See Mercury
www.ehso.com

Advanced Environmental Recycling

Corp
(800) 554-2372

SPILL KITS AND EQUIPMENT

Spill 911 (Spill Kits 911) US Biotex
PO Box 784 www.usbiotex.com
Westfield IN 46074
(800) 467-5911
info@spills911.com
www.spill911l.com or www.spillkits911.com

9
This resource list should not be interpreted as a product endorsement by the Washington State Department of
Ecology nor should it be considered all inclusive.
USED EQUIPMENT
A To Z Medical LLC ICS Medical Services
2802 NE 65th Avenue 6060 N Central Expressway #560
Vancouver WA 98661 Dallas TX 75206
(360) 576-1792 (972) 935-0851
www.icsmedical.net/

Medical Equipment Finders MedMatrix

www.medicalequipmentfinders.com/ www.medmatrix.com/

PeMed Recyclers World

www.pemed.com/ www.recycle.net/used-equip/medical-
equip/

XYLENE ALTERNATIVES
Anatech Ltd Richard—Allen Scientific
1020 Harts Lake Road www.rallensci.com
Battle Creek MI 49015
(800) 262-8324
email@anatechltdusa.com
www.anatechltdusa.com

Thermo Electron Corporation

171 Industry Drive
Pittsburgh PA
(800) 547-7429
Fax: (412) 788-1138
www.thermo.com/

MATERIAL EXCHANGES
2 Good 2 Toss Industrial Materials Exchange (IMEX)
PO Box 47775 First Interstate Center
Olympia WA 98504-7775 999 Third Avenue #700
(360) 407-6398 Seattle WA 98104-4039
Fax: (360) 407-6305 (888) 879-4639
www.2good2toss.com www.metrokc.gov/hazwaste/imex

NW Materials Mart Pacific Recycling Exchange

(503) 229-5479 http://pacific.recycle.net
nwexchange@deq.stat.or.us
www.nwmaterialsmart.org/

10
This resource list should not be interpreted as a product endorsement by the Washington State Department of
Ecology nor should it be considered all inclusive.
 Appendix 4
Waste and Air Pollutants Found in Hospitals
Dangerous Waste in Hospitals ........................................................ 1

Toxic Air Pollutants......................................................................... 35

 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
12 Hour Decongestant Pump Nasal Spray (Company: CVS Revco DS Y D009
Inc.)—Contains Mercury
12 Hour Nasal Decongestant Spray (Company: Family Independent U
Pharmacy)
12 Hour Nasal Solution (Company: American Pharmacy) U
12 Hour Nasal Spray (Company: Fleming Companies, Leader, Y D009
Republic Drug Co. and Rexall Generic)
12 Hour Nasal Spray (Company: Prime Natural Health, RDS U
Acquisition Corp. and Thames Pharmacal Co.)
12 Hour Nasal Spray Pump (Company: Fays Drug Services) U
2-Chloroethyl Vinyl Ether N U042
3-Benzyl Chloride N P028
3-Methylchloranthrene N U157
Acel-Imune (Company: Allscrips, Physicians TC and Wyeth-Ayerst) U
Acetone N U002
Acetyl Chloride N U006
Acrylamide / Bis Solution N WT02 D, A58, B219
Acrylonitrile N U009
Acthib/DTP (Company: Pasteur Merieux) Y D009
Activated Carbon (Charcoal) N D001 D, A58, B409
Acyclovir N WT02 D, A58, B409
Adalat Capsules (Nifedipine) N WT02 D, A58, B409
Adrenal Cortex Injection (Company: Laboratori Derivati) Y D009
Adsorbonac (Company: Alcon (P.R.)) Y D009
Adsorbonac (Company: Alcon (P.R.)) Y D009
Afrin (Company: Schering-Plough) Y D009
Afrin Nasal Saline Mist (Company: Schering-Plough) Y D009
Afrin with Menthol (Company: Schering-Plough) Y D009
AK-Chlor (Company: Akorn Inc.) Y D009
AK-Spore (Company: Akorn Inc. and Allscrips) Y D009
WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
3
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
AK-Spore HC Ophthalmic Combo Drops (Company: Akorn Inc.) U
AK-Spore HC Otic Suspension (Company Akorn Inc.) U
AK-Spore HC with Bacitracin (Company: Akorn Inc. and Allscrips) Y D009
AK-Spore HC with Polymyxin (Company: Akorn Inc. and Allscrips) Y D009
AK-Spore Ophthalmic Solution (Company: Akorn Inc.) Y D009
Albuterol N WT02 D, A58, B219
Alkeran N U150
Allergan Hydrocare (Company: Allergan Inc.) Y D009
Allergan Hydrocare Saline (Company: Allergan Inc.) Y D009
Allergen Patch Test (Company: Pharmacia & Upjohn) Y D009
Allergy Homeopathic Remedy (Company: BHI) Y D009
Allopurinol N WT02 D, A58, B409
Alprostadil (Powder) Separated from Caverject Kit N WT02 D, A58, B219
Alum Hematoxylin Y D009 D
Amino Acid Analysis N WT02 D, A58, B219
Aminophylline N WT02 D, A58, B102
Ammonia Inhalant Solution (Ethyl Alcohol) N D001 WT02 D, A58, B203
Ammonium Molybdate Solution N D002 WT02 D, A58, B105
A-Naphthyl Butrate Solution (Methanol) N D001 WT02 D, A58, B102
Aniline N U012
Antibiotic Ear Suspension (Company: Rugby and United Research) Y D009
Antibiotic HC Otic Suspension (Company: Qualitest) U
Antidote Kit for Nerve Agent (Atropine and Pralidoxime Chloride N WT02 D, A58, B219
Injection)
Antifungal foot powder (Undecylenic Acid, Zinc Undecylenate) N WT02 D, A58, B319
Antihemophilic Factor, Human (Brand Name: Hemofil-M; Company: Y D009
Hyland Labs
Antilirium Injection (Physostigimine Salicylate) N WT02 D, A58, B219
Antivenin (Crotalidae) Polyvalent (Company: Wyeth Lab.) Y D009

WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
4
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Antivenin (Lactrodectus Mactans) (Company: Merck & Co. and Y D009
Organon Pharm.)
Antivenin (Micrurus Fulvius) (Company: Wyeth Lab.) Y D009
Aqueous Germicidal Detergent (T.B.Q) N D001, D002 WT02 D, A58, B219
Arsenic N P012
Arsenic Trioxide N P012
Aspirin N WT02 D, A58, B409
Atenolol N WT02 D, A58, B409
Atropine Auto-Injector N WT02 D, A58, B219
AYR Saline (Company: Ascher, B.F.& Co.) Y D009
Azathioprine N WT02 D, A58, B409
Azaserine N U015
Azmacort (Aerosol) Triamcinolone Acetonide N WP01 E, A58, B801
B-5 Solution Y D009 D
Bal in Oil (Company: Akorn Inc. and Taylor Pharm.) U
Barium Sulfate Solution N D005 D, A58, B119
Baxter-Soft Cide Soap Y D009 D
Bayrab (Company: Bayer Biologic) Y D009
Baytet (Company: Bayer Biologic) Y D009
BCG Vaccine (Brand Name: Tice BCG; Company: Organon Pharm.) Y D009
Benzalkoinium Chloride [80%] and Ethanol [20%] N D001 WT02 D, A58, B219
Benzoin Spray Tincture (Benzoin, Propane, Isopropanol) N D001 WT02 D, A58, B219
Benzoin Tincture Compound (Ethanol) N D001 WT02 D, A58, B219
3-Benzyl Chloride N P028
B-Estradiol N WT02 D, A58, B409
Bio-Cot Otic Suspension (Company: C.O. Truxton Inc.) Y D009
Bisacodyl (4,4-(2-Pyridinylmethylnee) Bisphenol Diacetate Ester) N WT02 D, A58, B409
Bleomycin Sulfate N D002 WT01 E, A58, B219
Bleph (Company: Southwood Pharm.) Y D009
Bleph 10 Ophthalmic Solution 10% (Company: Pharmedix) Y D009
WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
5
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Bleph-10 (Company: Allergan Inc., Pharma PAC and Southwood Y P092, D009
Pharm.)
Blephamide Ophthalmic Ointment (Company: DRX Pharmaceutical U
and Pharmedix)
Blephamide SOP Ophthalmic Ointment (Company: Allergan Inc.) Y D009
Boric Acid (Brand Name/Company: Collyrium Fresh Y D009
Eyes/Amed_Linx Eye Wash/Akorn Inc.)
Bougie Tube Weighted with Mercury Y D009 D
Bretylium Tosylate Injection N WP01 E, A58, B207
Brite Life 12 Hour Nasal Spray (Company: Brite Life) Y D009
Bromoform N U225
Burn Ointment (Company: Clay-Park Labs.) Y P092, D009
Button Batteries Y D009 D
N-Butyl Alcohol N U031
Cacodylic Acid N U136
Cajal’s Stain Y D009 D
Calomel (Company: Amend) Y U151, D009
Camco Y D009 D
Cantor Tube Weighted with Mercury Y D009 D
Carbol-Gentian Violet Stain Y D009 D
Carbon Tetrachloride N U211
Carboplatin Injection N WT02 D, A58, B207
Carnoy-Lebrun Y D009 D
Cerubidine N D059
Castellani Paint Modified N D001 WT02 D, A58, B201
Cesium Internal Std. Y D009 D
Cetacaine Topical Anesthetic Spray [Trichlorofluoromethane] N WP01 E, A58, B801
Channing’s Solution Y D009 D
Cheracol Nasal (Company: Robert’s Pharm.) Y D009
Chloral Hydrate N U034
WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
6
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Chlorambucil N U035
Chloramphenicol (Brand Name: Ak-Chlor; Company: Akorn Inc.) Y D009 WT02, WP01 E, A58, B407
Chlornaphazin N U026
2-Chloroethyl Vinyl Ether N U042
Chloroform N U044
P-Chloro-M-Cresol N U039
Chloropropionitrile N P027
Chlorothiazide Sodium (Brand Name: Diuril Sodium; Company: Y D009
Merck & Co.)
Chlorpheniramine Maleate N WT02, WP02 D, A58, B407
Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride Injection N WT02, WP02 D, A58, B202
Cidex Activated Dialdehyde Solution (2.4% Alkaline Glutaraldehyde) N WT02 D, A58, B207
(Company: Advanced Sterilization Processes)
Cidex OPA Solution (0.55% Ortho-Phthalaldehyde) (Company: N WT02 D, A58, B207
Advanced Sterilization Processes)
Cidex Plus 28 Day Solution (3.4% Alkaline Glutaraldehyde) N WT02 D, A58, B207
(Company: Advanced Sterilization Processes)
Cipro Floxacin HCL (Cipro Tablets N WT02, WP02 E, A58, B407
Clarithromycin Tablet (Antibacterial) N WT02 D, A58, B409
Clean-N-Soak (Company: Allergan Inc.) Y D009
Clindamycin Phosphate (Ointment Tube) N WP02 D, A58, B409
Clonidine Hydrochloride Tablets N WT02, WP02 D, A58, B409
Coal Tar Bath Preparation (2.5% Coal Tar) N WT02 D, A58, B219
Cola Tar Ointment [Ethyl Alcohol, Coal Tar] N D001 D, A58, B219
Coccidioidin Vaccine (Company: ALK Laboratories Pharmacia) Y D009
Collodion, Flexible, USP (Nitrated Cellulose in Ether and Alcohol) N D001 WT02 D, A58, B219
Collyrium Fresh Eyes (Company: Amend) Y D009
Coly-Mycin S (Company: Monarch Pharm.) Y D009
Colymycin S Otic Solution (Company: Pharmedix) Y D009

WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
7
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Colymycin S Otic Suspension (Company: DRX Pharmaceutical and Y D009
Parkedale Pharmaceuticals)
Contraceptive Foam (Nonoxynol) N WT02 D, A58, B219
Copper Sulfate Solution (>1%) N WT02 D, A58, B119
Cortane B (Company: Blansett Pharm.) Y D009
Cortatrigen (Company: Goldline Drug Y D009
Corticosterone N WT02 D, A58, B409
Cortisporin Ophthalmic Suspension (Company: DRX Pharm., King Y D009
Pharm., and Physicians Total Care Inc.)
Cortisporin Otic Suspension (Company: King Pharmaceuticals) Y D009
Cortisporin-TC (Company: Monarch Pharm.) Y D009
Cortomycin (Company: Major Pharm.) Y D009
Cortomycin Ophthalmic Suspension (Company: Major Pharm.) U
Cortomycin Otic Suspension (Company: Major Pharm.) Y D009
Creosote N U051
Cresol Solution N D026, U052 WT02 D, A58, B119
CTX N U058
Cyanide Salts N P030
Cyanide Test Reagent Solution N D001, D038 WT02, WP01 E, A58, B219
Cyanocobalamin Injection, USP N WT02 D, A58, B219
Cyclophosphamide N U058
Cytology, Gynecology Slide Stainer, Automatic Alcohol & Stains N D001 WT02 D, A94, B219
Cytoxan (Cyclophosphamide) Injection N U058 WT02, WP01 E, A58, B407
Dacarbazine N D002 WT01 E, A58, B219
Daunomycin N U059
Daunorubicin N U059
Daunoxome N U059
Decongestant Nasal Spray (Company: C.O. Truxton Inc. and Pay N U
Save Corp.)
Decongestant Nasal Spray Pump (Company: Thrifty Payless Inc.) U
WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
8
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Dental Amalgam Alloy, Unused (Silver, Mercury) Y U151, D009, D011 D, A58, B316
Deproteinizing Cleaning Solution [Hydrochloric Acid] N D002 D, A58, B105
Derma Scrub Y D009 D
Dexamethasone N WP01 E, A58, B219
Dexbrompheniramine and Pseudoephedrine N WT02, WP02 D, A58, B407
Dichlorobenzenes N U070, U071, U072
Diethylstilbestrol N U089
Dimaphen Time Tabs (Brompheniramine, Phenylpropanolamine) N WT02, WP01 E, A58, B407
Dimenhyrinate Tablet N WT02, WP01 E, A58, B407
Dimercaprol (Brand Name: Bal in Oil; Company: Akorn Inc. and Y
Taylor Pharm.)
Dimetapp (Bromotapp Solid N WT02, WP02 D, A58, B407
Dip and Tet Tox Adsorbed (Company: Bioport Corp., Connaught Y D009
Lab. And Massachusetts Public Health Biologic Labs)
Dip and Tex Tox and Pert (Acell) Vacc Adsorbed (Brand Name/ Y D009
Company: Tripedia/Pasteur Merieux_Dip and Tet Tox and Pert
(Acell) Vacc Adsorbed/Adventis and Connaught Labs_Certiva/North
American Vacc.)
Dip, Pert (Acell) and Tet Vacc (Brand Name: Acel-Imune; Company: Y D009
Allscrips, Physicians TC and Wyeth-Ayerst_Tripedia/Pasteur
Merieux)
Dip, Tet Tox and Pert Vacc Adsorbed (Brand Name/Company: Dip, Tet Y D009
Tox and Pert Vacc Adsorbed/Bioport Corporation, Connaught Lab. And
North American Vaccine_Tri-Immunol 15 Dose/Wyeth-Ayerst)
Dip, Pert, Tet and HIB Vacc (Brand Name/Company: Tetramune 10 Y U151, D009
Dose/Wyeth-Ayerst_Tetramune/Physicians TC)
Dip/Tet/Pert Vacc (Company: Allscrips, SK Beecham Pharm., U
Pasteur Merieux and Physicians TC)—Contains Mercury
Diphenhydramine HCI N WT02 D, A58, B409
Disinfecting Solution –Soft Lens (Company: Bausch & Lomb) Y D009

WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
9
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Displacement Mercury Relay Y D009 D
Diuril Sodium (Company: Merck & Co.) Y D009
Doxycycline Hyclate (A Tettracycline Derivative) N WT02 D, A58, B409
Dristan (Company: Whitehall Lab. And Whitehall-Robins) Y D009
Duomycin-HC Otic Suspensión (Company: Hurst Pharm.) Y D009
Duration (Company: Schering-Plough) Y D009
Duration Nasal (Company: Schering-Plough) Y D009
Edecrin Sodium (Company: Merck & Co.) Y D009
EGTA Solution N D002 D, A58, B110
Elase-Chloromycetin Topical Ointment (Company: Parke Davis) U
Elimite Termal Cream 5% (Permethrin) N WT02, WP01 E, A58, B409
Emersal (Company: Medco Labs) Y D009
Engerix-B (Company: Allscrips, Beecham Pharm. and Physicians U
TC.)
Epinephrine Injection, USP [<1% Epinephrine] N P042 D, A58, B119
Erythromycin Tablets N WT02 D, A58, B409
Esterase Procedure Solution N D022 WT02 D, A58, B219
Ethacrynate Sodium (Brand Name: Edecrin Sodium; Company: Y D009
Merck & Co.)
Ethyl Acetate N U112
Ethyl Carbamate N U238
1-Ethyl -3-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl) Carbodiimide Hydrochloride N WT02 D, A58, B409
Ethyl Ether N U117
Ethylene Glycol (Clemiclave Scrubbers: EtO + Sulfuric Acid N WT02 D
Byproduct
Ethylene Oxide N U115
Ethyl Alcohol N D001 D, A94, B203
Etopside (Vepesid Injection) N WT02 D, A58, B207
Exotic-HC (Company: Marin Pharm.) Y D009
Factor IX (Brand Name: Mononine; Company: Centeon) Y D009
WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
10
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Fecal Parasite Concentration [Formalin, Ethyl Acetate, Triton] N D001 WT02 D, A94, B219
Feeding Tube Weighted with Mercury Y D009 D
Flame Sensor with Mercury Y D009 D
Flammable Liquids N D001 WT02 D, A58, B219
Float Switch with Mercury Y D009 D
Flo-Scint II and Flo-Scint III N D001 WT02 D, A58, B219
Flo-Scint IV-Clinical Investigation (1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene) N D001 WT02 D, A58, B219
Flo-Scint V N WT02 D, A58, B219
Fluorescent Lamp Y D009 D
Fluogen (Company: Allscrips, Park-Davis Co., Parkedale Pharm. and Y D009
Physicians TC)
Fluorescein Sodium (Company: Alcon Labs and Alcon Surgical) Y D009
Fluorescein Sodium Ophthalmic Solution (Company: US U
Ophthalmics)
Fluorocaine (Company: Akorn Inc.) Y D009
Fluorocaine Opthalmic Solution (Company: Akorn Inc.) U
Fluorometholone (Brand Name: FML S.O.P.; Company: Allergan Y P092, D009
Inc.)
Fluorouracil Injections N WT02, WP02 E, A58, B102
Flurbiprofen Sodium (Brand Name/Company: Flurbiprofen Y D009
sodium/Pacific Pharm._Flurbiprofen sodium ophthalmic
solution/Bausch & Lomb_Ocufen Ophthalmic Solution/Allergan
America_Ocufen/Allscrips and Southwood Pharm.)
Fluress (Sodium Fluorescein, Benoxinate Hydrochloride) N WP02 D, A58, B219
Flushield (Company: Allscrips and Physicians TC.) U
Flushield ’95-’99 and Non-returnable (Company: Wyeth-Ayerst) U
Fluvirin (Company: Evans Medical and Medeva Pharm.) Y D009
Fluvirin ’98-’99 (Company: Medeval Pharm.) Y D009
Fluvirin Trivalent-Surf-Pure (Company: Medeva Pharm.) N

WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
11
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Fluzone (Company: Allscrips, Connaught, Pasteur Merieux and Y D009
Physicians TC.)
Fluzone ’98-’99 (Company: Pasteur Merieux) Y D009
Fluzone Virus Tri-Whole (Company: Connaught and Pasteur Merieux) Y D009
FML S.O.P. (Company: Allergan Inc.) Y P092, D009
Food Service Kit Disinfectant [Pouch A & B] [Sodium N WT02, WP01 E, A58, B319
Dodeclbenzenesulf]
Forane N WT02, WP01 E, A58, B119
Formaldehyde Solution [Methanol] N U122 WT02 D, A58, B207
Formaldehyde Solution, S/P, Buffered, 10% N U122 WT02 D, A58, B102
Formalin, Used (10% Buffered) N WT02 D, A94, B219
Formic Acid and its Salts N U123
Formol-Zenker’s Stain Y D009 D
Formulation-R (Company: G&W Labs) U
Full Value Nasal Spray (Company: Foxmeyer) Y D009
Fungizone Cream (Company: Bristol-Myers Squibb) Y D009
Fungizone Lotion (Company: Bristol-Myers Squibb) Y D009
FX-50 Black & White Developer N WT02
Gamastan (Company: Bayer Biologic) Y D009
Gammar (Company: Centeon) Y D009
Gamulin RH (Company: Centeon) Y D009
Genaphed – Sudafed (Pseudoephedrine HCL) N WT02 D, A58, B409
Genasal LA (Company: Goldline Drug) Y D009
Gene Assembler Process Waste N D001 WT02 D, A94, B203
Germicidal Detergent, Coverage 256 N WT02 D, A58, B219
Glutaraldehyde 2.4% (Brand Name: Cidex Activated Dialdehyde N WT02 D, A58, B207
Solution; Company: Advanced Sterilization Processes)
Glutaraldehyde 3.4% (Brand Name: Cidex Plus 28 Day Solution; N WT02 D, A58, B207
Company: Advanced Sterilization Processes
Glutaraldehyde Fixative N D004 WT02 D, A94, B219
WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
12
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Glycopyrrolate Injection (Robinol, Pyrrolidinium) N WT02 D, A58, B219
GNP 12 Hour Nasal Spray (Company: Good Neighbor) Y D009
Golgi’s Stain Y D009 D
Good Sense Nasal Spray (Company: Perrigo Co.) Y D009
Gram Stain, Microbiology [Iodine] N WT02 D, A94, B119
Gram Staining Kit, Gram Safranin 3332 N D001 D, A58, B219
Griseofulvin Tablets N WP01 E, A58, B407
Guaifenesian Cough Syrup N WT02 D, A58, B207
Guaifenesin (Guaianesin) N WT02 D, A58, B409
Guaifenesin 100 N WT02 D, A58, B219
Halothane, U.S.P. (2-Bromo-2-Chloro-1,1,1-Trifluoroethane) N WP01 E, A58, B219
Harleco Stain, Used N WT02 D, A58, B219
H-Big (Company: Allscrips and North American) Y D009
HC/Pramoxine HCL/Chloroxylenol (Brand Name/Company: Cortane Y D009
B/Blansett Pharm._ Exotic-HC/Marin Pharm._ Oti-Med/Hyrex Co._
Otomar HC/Marnel Pharm._ Otozone/R.A. MC Neil Co.)
Health Mart Nasal Spray Puma (Company: Health Mart) Y D009
Nelly Y D009 D
Hematoxylin with Mercury (II) Chloride Oxidizer Y D009 D
Hemofil-M (Company: Hyland Labs) Y D009
Hemorrhoid (Company: Leader) U
Hemorrhoid Preparation – Discontinued (Company: Rugby) U
Hemorrhoid Relief Ointment (Company: Farm Fresh Inc., Mays Drug Y D009
Stores and Scrivner Inc.)
Hemorrhoidal (Company: Bergen Brunswick, Bio-Pharm Inc., Brite U
Life, Lay-Park Labs, Foxmeyer, Full Value, Goldline Drug, Good
Neighbor, HL Moore, Longs Drug Store, McKesson Drug, Medalist,
Medicine Shop, Perrigo Co., Qualitest, The Hudson Corp., Thrifty
Drug, TopCo, Valu-Rite Pharm.)
Hemorrhoidal Ointment (Company: Waldbaum Inc.) U

WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
13
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Hemorrhoidal Prep (Company: Global Source) U
Hemorrhoidal Suppositories (Company: Walsh Distrib.) U
Hemorrhoidal-mercury free in 2005 (Company: Rite Aid Corp.) U
HEP B Immune Globulin (Brand Name/Company: H-Big/Allscrips Y D009
and North American_Hep-B-Gammagee/Merck & Co._HyperHep/
Bayer Biologic)
HEP B Vir Vacc Recomb (Brand Name/Company: Engerix- U
B/Allscrips, Becham Pharm. and Physicians TC_ Recombivax HB/
Allscrips, Merck & Co. and Physicians TC_ Recombivax HB Adult/
Merck & Co.)
HEP-B-Gammagee (Company: Merck & Co.) Y D009
Hexachloroethane N U131
Hexachlorophene N U132
HIB Conj (Company: Connaught Lab.) Y D009
HIB Conj Vacc Reconstituted with Dip, Tet Tox and Pert (Acell) Y D009
(Brand Name: Acthib/DTP; Company: Pasteur Merieux)
HIB Conj Vacc Reconstituted with Dip, Tet Tox and Pert (Acell) Y D009
(Brand Name: Trihibit; Company: Pasteur Merieux)
HIB Conj, Dip, Tet and Pert (Acell) Adsorbed (Company: Connaught Y D009
Lab.)
HIB Oligo Conj-Dip CRM Protein Conj (Brand Name: Hibtiter; Y D009
Company: Allscrips and Wyeth-Ayerst)
HIB Polysacc Conj-Dip Tox (Brand Name: Prohibit; Company: Y D009
Pasteur Merieux)
HIBISTAT Liquid Cleansing Solution Germicidal Rinse [Isopropyl N D001 WT02 D, A58, B219
Alcohol]
HIBTITER (Company: Allscrips and Wyeth-Ayerst) Y D009
HID Lamps Y D009 D
HISTO-Clear (d-limonene) N WT02 D
HISTOSOL (Light Aromatic Naphtha Solvent) N D001 WT02 D

WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
14
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
HM Hemorrhoidal (Company: Generamed Inc.) U
12 Hour Decongestant Pump Nasal Spray (Company: CVS Revco DS Y D009
Inc.)—Contains Mercury
12 Hour Nasal Decongestant Spray (Company: Family Independent U
Pharmacy)
12 Hour Nasal Solution (Company: American Pharm.) U
12 Hour Nasal Spray (Company: Fleming Companies, Leader, Y D009
Republic Drug Co. and Rexall Generic)
12 Hour Nasal Spray (Company: Prime Natural Health, RDS U
Acquisition Corp. and Thames Pharmacal Co.)
12 Hour Nasal Spray Pump (Company: Fays Drug Services) U
Humphrey’s “30” Irrigant for Bladder (Company: Humphrey’s Lab) Y U151, D009
HVAC Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Components Y D009
Containing Mercury
Hydralazine Hydrochloride N WT02 D, A58, B117
Hydrochlorothiazide N WT02, WP01 E, A58, B409
Hydroquinone (>or Equal to 1%) N WT02
Hydroxyethylcellulose/Povidone (Brand Name: Adsorbotear; Y D009
Company: Alcon (P.R.))
Hydroxyzine HCL Injection N WP01 E, A58, B219
Hyperab (Company: Bayer Biologic) Y D009
Hyperhep (Company: Bayer Biologic) Y D009
Hyper-Tet (Company: Bayer Biologic) Y D009
Hypnomidate N WT02 D, A58, B219
Hyprho-D (Company: Bayer Biologic) Y D009
Ibuprofen N WT02 D, A58, B409
Idarubicin Hydrochloride N WT01 E, A58, B207
Immune Globulin Vaccine (Company: Baxter Healthcare Corp and Y D009
Bioport Corporation)

WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
15
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Immune Globulin, Gamma (IGG) (Brand Name/Company: Gamastan Y D009
/Bayer Biologic_ Gammar/Centeon
Immu-Sal Y D009 D
Imovax Rabies I.D. (Company: Allscrips) U
Indomethacin Capsule N WT02, WP01 E, A58, B407
Influenza Virus Tri-Split (Brand Name/Company: Fluogen/Allscrips, U
Park Davis Co., Parkedale Pharm. and Physicians TC_ Flushield/
Allscrips and Physicians TC_ Flushield ’94-‘99/ Wyeth-Ayerst_
Fluzone/ Allscrips, Connaught, Pasteur Merieux and Physicians TC_
Fluzone ’98-‘99/Medeva Pharm.)
Influenza Virus Tri-Surf (Brand Name/Company: Fluvirin/Evans Y D009
Medical and Medeva Pharm._ Fluvirin ’98-‘99/Medeva Pharm.)
Influenza Virus Trivalent (Brand Name/Company: Flushield/Allscrips Y D009
and Wyeth Ayerst_ Flushield ’94-‘95/Wyeth-Ayerst_ Fluzone/
Connaught)
Influenza Virus Trivalent-Surf-Pure (Brand Name: Fluvirin; U
Company: Medeva Pharm.)
Influenza Virus Tri-Whole (Brand Name: Fluzone; Company: Y D009
Connaught and Pasteur Merieux)
Influenza Virus Vaccine (Company: Adventis) U
Influenza Virus Vaccine (Company: Medeva Pharm.) Y D009
Influenza Virus Vaccine, Trivalent Types A&B (Company: Parkedale Y D009
Pharm.)
Intraocular Pressure Reducer with Mercury Y D009
Iodophor N
Iso-Acetazone N WT02, WP01 E, A58, B407
Isobutyl Alcohol (Requires 3 Hazard Class Labels: 3, 6.1, 8) N D001, D002 WT02 D, A58, B219
Japanese Encephalitis Virus Vaccine (Company: Connaught Lab.) N D009
Kinevac (Sincalide) N WT02 D, A58, B316
Lanoxin/Digoxin N D001 D, A58, B219

WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
16
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
LC-65 Daily Contact Lens Cleaner (Company: Allergan Inc.) Y D009
Lead Atomic Absorption Standard Solution N D002, D008 WT02 D, A58, B103
Lens Lubricant-Soft Lenses (Company: Bausch & Lomb Y D009
Leukeran N U035
Lidocaine Hydrochloride Injection N WT02 D, A58, B219
Lindane N U129
Linx Eye Wash (Company: Akorn Inc.) Y D009
Liposomal N U059
Liquid Mercury Thermometer Y D009
L-Pam N U150
Long Acting Decongestant Nasal Spray (Company: Publix U
Supermarket)
Long Acting Nasal Spray (Company: Bergen Brunswig, Dorex Y D009
International Corp., Federated Foods, Hi Tech Pharmacal Co., Meyers
Supply Inc. and Weeks and Leo Co. Inc.)
Long Acting Nasal Spray (Company: Family Independent Pharmacy, U
Navresso, Publix Inc. and Super Lab.)
Long Acting Nasal Spray Kolex LA (Company: Drug Guild Y D009
Distributors
Long Lasting Nasal Spray (Company: Appletree Markets) U
Long Lasting Nasal Spray Pump (Company: Medalist Lab.) U D009
Loperamide HCL Tablets N WP02 D, A58, B407
Lubraseptic-Discontinued (Company: Guardian Chem.) Y D009
Lysostaphin (From Staphylococcus Staphylolyticus) N WT02 D, A58, B409
Maleic Acid, Diethyl Ester (Diethyl Maleate) N WT02 D, A58, B219
Maleic Anhydride N U147
Manometer with Mercury Y D009 D
Mechlorethamine HCL N WT02, WP01 E, A58, B407
Meclizine Hydrochloride N WP01 D, A58, B409
Melphalan N U150
WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
17
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Meningococcal Polysacc Vacc Groups A, C, Y, W-135 Combined U
(Company: Adventis)
Meningococcal Vacc A, C, Y, W-135 (Brand Name: Menomune-A/C/ Y D009
Y/W/135; Company: Allscrips and Pasteur Merieux)
Meningococcal Vaccine Groups (Diluent) (Company: Connaught Y D009
Lab.)
Menthol N WT02 D, A58, B409
Meomune-A/C/Y/W 135 (Company: Allscrips and Pasteur Merieux) Y D009
Merbromin (Brand Name/Company: Merbromin/A-A Spectrum, Y U151, D009
Amend, Gallipot, Medisca Inc., Meridian Chem. and Spectrum
Quality Products_ Mercurochrome/Bindly Western, Brite Life,
Cumberland Mfg., Eckerd, Humco Lab, Longs Drug Store, McKesson
Drug, Medalist, Medis Biligual, Rite Aid Corp. and Sav-On.
Mercaptopurine (Brand Name: Purenithol; Company: Burroughs U
Well and Glaxo Pharm.)
Mercuric Bichloride (Company: Amend) Y U151, D009
Mercuric Chloride (Company: A-A Spectrum and JT Baker) Y U151, D009
Mercuric Chloride Ammoniated (Company: A-A Spectrum) Y U151, D009
Mercuric Oxide (Mercury Zinc) Battery Y D009
Mercuric Oxide, Yellow (Company: A-A Spectrum, Amend, JT Y U151, D009
Baker and Spectrum Quality Products)
Mercurochrome Y D009, U151 D
Mercurochrome (Company: Bindly Western, Brite Life, Cumberland Y U151, D009
Mfg., Eckerd, Humco Lab, Longs Drug Store, McKesson Drug,
Medalist, Medis Biligual, Rite Aid Corp., Sav-On
Mercurochrome Aqueous Solution (Company: Harco Drug and K and Y D009
B Distributors)
Mercurochrome NF 12 100% (Company: LS Raw Materials Ltd.) Y D009, U151
Mercurous Chloride (Company: A-A Spectrum) Y U151, D009
Mercury (Company: Amend, JT Baker and M’Ckrodt Spec Y U151, D009

WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
18
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Mercury (II) Chloride Y D009 D
Mercury Battery Y D009 D
Mercury Bichloride (Brand Name/Company: Humphrey’s “30” Y D009
Irrigant for Bladder/Humphrey’s Labs_ Mercuric Bichloride/ Amend_
Mercuric Chloride/ A-A Sepctrum and JT Baker_ Mercuric Chloride
Ammoniated/ A-A Spectrum_ Mercurous Chloride/ A-A Spectrum)
Mercury Chloride Y D009, U151 D
Mercury Iodide Y D009, U151 D
Mercury Nitrate Y D009 D
Mercury Salts (Brand Name/Company: Mercury, Triple Distilled/ A-A Y U151, D009
Spectrum and JT Baker_ Mercury/Amend, JT Baker and M’Ckrodt Spec)
Mercury (II) Sulfate Y D009, U151 D
Mercury, Triple Distilled (Company: A-A Spectrum and JT Baker) Y U151, D009
Mercury, Ammoniated (Company: A-A Spectrum, Amend, JT Baker Y U151, D009
and M’Ckrodt Spec)
Mercury-Filled Pressure Gauge Y D009 D
Mercury-Filled Regulator Y D009 D
Mercury-Wetted Reed Relay Switch Y D009 D
Mersol (Company: Century Pharm.) Y U151, D009
Merthiolate (Company: Dolder LTD. and James Alexander) Y U151, D009
Methanol N U154
Methen SFS/C-T/Ammoniated Mercury (Brand Name: Unguentum Y D009
Bossi; Company: Doak Derm.)
Methotrexate Sodium Injection N WT02 D, A58, B219
3-Methylchloranthrene N U157
Methylpyrilene N U155
Methylthiouracil N U164
Metoclopramide N WP01 E, A58, B409
Metriguard Disinfectant/Decontaminant Cleaner (DIIsobutylphenoxy N D001 D, A58, B201
Ethoz)

WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
19
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Metronidazole Injection, USP N WT02 D, A58, B219
Metronidazole Tablets N WT02 D, A58, B409
Micatin Spray Powder N D001 WP01 E, A58, B801
Microhogam (Company: Ortho Diag.) Y D009
Miller Abbott Tube Weighted with Mercury Y D009 D
Millon’s Reagent Y D009 D
Mini-Gamulin RH (Company: Centeon) Y D009
Mitomycin (Chemo Drug) N U010 WT02 D, A58, B219
Mitomycin C (Chemo Drug N U010
Mononine (Company: Centeon) Y D009
MSTA (Company: Allscrips, Connaught Lab and Pasteur Merieux) Y D009
Mucicarmine Stock Solution N D001 D, A58, B207
Mucolexx Y D009 D
Mumps Skin Test Antigen (Brand Name: MSTA; Company: Y D009
Allscrips, Connaught Lab and Pasteur Merieux)
Mutamycin N U010
Mycelex (Clotrimazole) N WT02, WP02 D, A58, B219
Myeloperoxidease Stain, Incubation Mixture N WT02 A, A58, B207
N,N – Methylene Bisacrylamide, 2551 N WT02 D, A58, B409
Nalidixic Acid N WT02 D, A58, B409
Naphthalene N U165
Nasal Moisturizer (Company: Bayer, Inc.) Y P092, D009
Nasal Pump Spray (Company: Leader) U
Nasal Relief 12 Hour Spray (Company: Altaire Pharm.) Y D009
Nasal Spray (Company: Clay-Park Labs, Family Pharmacy, Full Value, Y D009
Kroger Co., Perrigo Co., Reese Pharm. Co. and Rexall Managed)
Nasal Spray Extended Relief (Company: Hudson Corp.) U
Nasal Spray Pump (Company: CVS)—Contains Mercury Y D009
Nasal Spray Pump (Company: Foxmeyer Drug Co. and Longs Drug U
Store)
WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
20
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Nasal Spray Pump Formula (Company: Thrifty Payless Inc.) U
Nasal Spray Solution (Company: Qualitest Pharmaceuticals) U
Nasin Long Acting Nasal Spray (Company: Global Source) U
Navelbine Injection (Vinorelbine Tatrate N WT02 D, A58, B102
N-Butyl Alcohol N U031
Neo Poly with HC Otic Suspension (Company: Pharmedix) Y D009
Neocidin (Company: Major Pharm.) Y D009
Neomy and Poly B Sulfates and HC Otic Suspension Y D009 WT02 D, A58, B219
Neomy Poly B Sulfates Gramacidin Ophthalmic Solution (Company: Y D009
United Research Labs)
Neomy Sulfate/Bacitracin ZN/Poly/HC (Brand Name: AK-Spore HC; Y D009
Company: Akorn Inc. and Allscrips)
Neomy Sulfate/Colistin Sulfate/HC (Brand Name: Coly-Mycin S; Y D009
Company: Monarch Pharm.)
Neomy Sulfate/Gramicidin D/Poly (Brand Name/Company: AK- Y D009
Spore/Akorn Inc. and Allscrips_ Neocidin/Major Pharm._ Neomycin-
Polymyxin-Gramicidin/Aligen, E. Fougera & Co., Rugby, Schein,
Steris and United Research_ Neoptic/Qualitest_ Neosporin/Burroughs
Well and Monarch Pharm.)_ Ocutricin/Bausch and Lomb_ P.N./
Geneva Pharm._ Triple Antibiotic/HL Moore)
Neomy Sulfate/Poly B Sulfate (Brand Name: Neosporin G.U. Y D009
Irrigant; Company: Burroughs Well)
Neomy Sulfate/Poly B Sulfate/HC (Brand Name/Company: AK- Y D009
Spore HC/Akorn Inc._ Antibiotic Ear Suspension/Rugby and United
Research_ Antibiotic HC/Qualitest_ Bio-Cot Otic Suspension/C.O.
Truxton Inc._ Cortatrigen/Goldline Drug_ Cortomycin/Major Pharm._
Neomycin-Polymyxin-HC/E. Fougera & Co., HL Moore, Schein,
Steris and United Research_ Octicair/Bausch & Lomb_ Otocort/Teva
USA)
Neomy Sulfate/Polymyx B Sulfate/Pred (Brand Name: Poly-Pred; Y D009
Company: Allergan America and Allergan Inc.)
WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
21
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Neomy/Poly B Gramacidin Ophthalmic Solution (Company: DRX Y D009
Pharmaceutical)
Neomy/Poly B Hydrocortisone Otic Suspension (Company: DRX Y D009
Pharmaceutical)
Neomy/Poly B Sulfate Hydrocortisone Ophthalmic Suspension U
(Company: DRX Pharmaceutical, King Pharmaceuticals and
Physicians Total Care Inc.)
Neomy/Poly B Sulfate Hydrocortisone Otic Suspension (Company: U
Sight Pharmaceuticals
Neomycin/Polymyxin/HC (Company: E. Fougera & Co., HL Moore, Y D009
Schein, Steris and United Research)
Neomycin-Polymyxin-Gramacidin (Company: Aligen, E. Fougera & Y D009
Co., Rugby, Schein, Steris and United Research)
Neoptic (Company: Qualitest) Y D009
Neosar N U058
Neosporin (Company: Burroughs Well and Monarch Pharm.) Y D009
Neosporin G.U. Irrigant (Company: Burroughs Well) Y D009
Neosporin Ophthalmic Suspension (Company: King Pharm.) Y D009
Neo-Synephrine (Company: Bayer Inc. and Winthrop Cons.) Y P092, D009
Neo-Synephrine 12 Hour (Company: Bayer Inc.) Y D009
Neo-Synephrine Mild Formula (Company: Bayer Inc.) Y P092, D009
Neo-Synephrine Pediatric (Company: Bayer Inc.) Y P092, D009
Nessler’s Solution Y D009 D
N-Ethylmaleimide N WT02, WSC2 D, A58, B409
Nicotine N P075
Nitroglycerin Capsules N P081 WT02 D, A58, B409
Nitroglycerin Injection N D001, P081 D, A58, B219
Nitroglycerin Ligual Aerosol (0.07%) N P081 WP01 E, A58, B801
Norinyl Tablets (Norethindrone) N WT02 D, A58, B409
Normal Horse Serum (1:10 Dilution) (Company: Wyeth Lab.) Y D009

WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
22
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
NTZ Long Acting (Company: Bayer Inc.) Y D009
Nystatin and Triamcindone Cream N WP02 D, A58, B219
Octicair (Company: Bausch & Lomb) Y D009
Ocufen (Company: Allscrips and Southwood Pharm.) Y D009
Ocufen Ophthalmic Solution (Company: Allergan America and Y D009
Physicians Total Care Inc.)
Ocutricin (Company: Bausch & Lomb) Y D009
Ocutricin Ophthalmic Solution (Company: Cheshire Pharm.) Y D009
Ohlamacher Y D009
Optical Lense Cleaning Compound (Ethyl Alcohol, methyl alcohol) N D001
Opti-Clean Daily Cleaner (Company: Alcon Vision) Y D009
Optiray 160 N WP01 E, A58, B219
Ortho-Phthalaldehyde 0.55% (Brand Name: Cidex OPA; Company: N WT02 D, A58, B207
Advanced Sterilization Processes
Oticin HC Otic Suspension (Company: Teral Lab.) Y D009
Oti-Med (Company: Hyrex Co.) Y D009
Otocort (Company: Teva USA) Y D009
Otocort Otic Suspension (Company: Cheshire Pharmaceuticals) Y D009
Otomar HC (Company: Marnel Pharm.) Y D009
Otozone (Company: R.A. MC Neil Co.) Y D009
Oxilan (Ioxilan Injections) N WP01 E, A58, B219
Oxymeta-12 (Company: Schein) Y D009

WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
23
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Oxymetazoline HCL (Brand Name/Company: 12 Hour Nasal Spray/ Y D009
American Pharm. and Rexall Generic_ Afrin/Schering-Plough_ Brite Life
12 Hour Nasal Spray/Brite Life_ Cheracol Nasal/Robert’s Pharm._
Dristan/Whitehall-ROB_ Duration/Schering Plough_ Duration
Nasal/Schering-Plough_ Full Value Nasal Spray/Foxmeyer_ Genasal
LA/Goldline Drug_ GNP 12 Hour Nasal Spray/Good Neighbor_ Good
Sense Nasal Spray/Perrigo Co._ Health Mart Nasal Spray Pump/Health
Mart_ Long Acting Nasal Spray/Bergen Bruswig_ Nasal Spray/ClayPark
Labs, Family Pharmacy, Full Value, Kroger Co., Perrigo Co., Reese
Pharm. Co. and Rexall Managed_ Nasal Spray Pump/CVS_ Neo-
Synephrine 12 Hour/Bayer Inc._NTZ Long Acting/ Bayer Inc. and
Sterling Health_ Oxymeta-12/Schein_ Oxymetazoline HCL/Barre Drug
Co., HL Moore, Taro Pharm. USA and UDL_ Oxymetazoline Nasal
Spray/ American Assn. Retired Persons and Harris-Teeter_ Twice-A-Day
Nasal Spray/Major Pharm.)
Oxymetazoline HCL/Menthol (Brand Name: Afrin with Menthol; Y D009
Company: Schering Plough)
Oxymetazoline Nasal Spray (Company: American Assn. Retired Y D009
Persons, Harris-Teeter, Kinray and Parade Grocer’s Supply)
P.N. (Company: Geneva Pharm.) Y D009
Papaverine with Phentolamine N WT02 D, A58, B219
Paraldehyde N U182
P-Chloro-M-Cresol N U039
Pediotic Otic Suspension (Company: DRX Pharm.) Y D009
Pediotic Suspension (Company: King Pharmaceuticals Y D009
Penicillin G, Procaine Suspension for Injection N WT02 D, A58, B219
Perc (Tetrachloroethylene) N D039, U210 D
Pert Vaccine Adsorbed (Company: Bioport Corporation Y D009
Phenacetin N U187
Phenazopyridine HCL N WT02 D, A58, B119
Phenobarbital (Belladonna) N WT02 D, A58, B219
WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
24
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Phenol N U188
Phenol Liquid/P-Mercury Nitrate-Discontinued (Brand Name: Y D009
Lubraseptic; Company: Guardian Chem.)
Phenol Red (Phenolsulfonphthalein) N WT02 D, A58, B409
Phentermine N P046
Phenyl Isothiocyanate (Protein Sequencing) N D002 D, A58, B219
Phenylephrine HC1 Ophthalmic Solution 10% U
Phenylephrine HCL N WT02 D, A58, B409
Phenylephrine HCL (Brand Name/Company: Neo-Synephrine Mild Y P092, D009
Formula/Bayer Inc._ Neo-Synephrine Pediatric/Bayer Inc._ Neo-
Synephrine/Bayer Inc. and Winthrop Cons.)
Phenylephrine HCL/Benzocaine/Bismuth Subgel/Zinc Oxide (Brand Y P092, D009
Name: Rectagene; manufactured and/or distributed by Pfeiffer Co.)
Phenylephrine HCL/Phenir MAL M (Brand Name: Dristan; Y D009
Manufactured and/or Distributed by Whitehall Lab.)
Phenylephrine HCL/Shark Liver (Brand Name: Preparation H; Y P092, D009
Manufactured and/or Distributed by Whitehall-Rob)
Phenylmercuric Acetate Y P092, D009 D
Phenytoin Sodium, Injection, USP N WT02 D, A58, B207
Phisohex Disinfectant [Hexachlorophene] N U132 WT02, WP01 E, A58, B219
Phosphodiesterase I Type IV (Rattlesnake Venom) N WT01 E, A58, B409
Physotigmine N P204
Physotigmine Salicylate
Ping on Topical Ointment (Company: Ping On Ointment Co. Ltd.) U
Piroxicam Capsules (20mg) N WT02 D, A58, B409
Plantinol (Diaminedichloroplatinum .1%, Mannitol 1.5%) N WT01 E, A58, B319
Pneumococcal 23-Valent Poly-Sacc Vacc (Brand Name: PNU-Imune Y D009
23; Company: Wyeth-Ayerst
Pneumococcal 7-Valent Conj-Dip CRM (Brand Name: Prevnar; U
Company: Allscrips)

WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
25
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
PNU-Immune 23 (Company: Wyeth-Ayerst) Y D009
Poliomyelitis Vacc, Killed (Brand Name: Poliovax; Company: U
Pasteur Merieux)
Poliovax (Company: Pasteur Merieux) U
Polymyxin B Sulfate (Brand Name: Otocort Otic Suspension; Y D009
Company: Cheshire Pharmaceuticals)
Poly-Pred (Company: Allergan America and Allergan Inc.) Y D009
Potassium Chloride Solution (10%) N WT02 D, A58, B114
Potassium Oxalate Test Tube N WT02 D, A58, B409
Potassium Silver Cyanide N P099
Potassium Sorbate N WT02 D, A58, B409
Prep Hem (Company: HL Moore) U
Preparation H (Company: Qualitest) U
Preparation H (Company: Whitehall-Rob) Y P092, D009
Prep-Hem (Company: Clay-Parks Labs) U
Pretz (Company: Parnell Pharm.) Y P092, D009
Prevnar (Company: Allscrips) U
Probenecid Tablets N WT02 D, A58, B409
Procainamide HCL (Injection) 100 mg/ml N WT02 D, A58, B219
Prochlorperazine (Edisylate Injectable) N WT02 D, A58, B219
Procofen Ophthalmic Solution (Company: USCO Logistics) Y D009
Proctocain (Company: Great Southern) U
Procytox N U058
Profenal (Company: Alcon Surgical and USCO Logistics) Y D009
Prohibit (Company: Pasteur Merieux) Y D009
Prompt Relief (Company: Goldline Drug and Ivax-Goldline U
Proparacaine HCL/Fluorescein (Brand Name: Fluorocaine; Company: Y D009
Akorn Inc.)
Propodium Iodide N WP01 E, A58, B409
Proventil Inhaler N WT02, WP01 E, A58, B219
WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
26
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Pseudourea, (2-Aminoethyl) -2-Thio-, Dihydrobromide N WT02 D, A58, B409
Purinethol (Company: Burroughs Well and Glaxo Pharm.) U
Pyridostigmine Bromide N WT01 E, A58, B409
R P R Card Antigen Suspension (Syphilis Card Test) N WT02 D, A58, B219
Rabavert (Company: Chiron Thera)—Contains Mercury U
Rabies Immune Globulin/Thimer (Brand Name/Company: Bayrab/ Y D009
Bayer Biologic_ Hyperab/Bayer Biologic_ Ingoman Rabies/ Pasteur
Merieux)
Rabies Vacc Adsorbed (Company: Bioport Corporation) Y D009
Rabies Vacc, Human Diploid (Brand Name: Imovax Rabies I.D.; U
Company: Allscrips)
Rabies Vacc, PF Chick-Embryo Cell (Brand Name: RABAVert; U
Company: Chiron Thera)
Ranitidine HCL Tablets N WT02 D, A58, B409
Rattlesnake Venom (Phosphodiesterase I Type IV) N WT01 E, A58, B409
Recombivax HB (Company: Allscrips, Merck & Co. and Physicians TC) U
Recombivax HB Adult (Company: Merck & Co.) Y D009
Rectagene (Company: Pfeiffer Co.) Y P092, D009
Rector X (Company: Rose Labs) U
Red Cell Fixing Solution N D001 D, A58, B219
Reserpine N U200
Resorcinol N U201
RHO (D) Immune Globulin (Brand Name/Company: Gamulin RH/ Y D009
Ceneon_ Hyprho-D/Bayer Biologic_ Microhogam/Ortho Diag._ Mini-
Gamulin RH/Centeon_Rho (D) Immune Globulin/Ortho-Clinical
Diagnotics_ Rhogam/Ortho Diag.)
Rhogam (Company: Ortho diag.) Y D009
RNA-DNA Extractions N D022 WT02, WP01 E, A94, B219
Rocall II Sanitizing Agent/Germicide (Mixture Alkyl Ammonium N WT02 D, A58, B114
Chloride)

WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
27
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Rubidomycin N U059
Saccharin N U202
Salicylic Acid N D001 WT02 D, A58, B219
Salicylic Acid, Solid N WT02 D, A58, B409
Salicylic Acid/Ammoniated Mercury (Brand Name Emersal; Y D009
Company: Medco Labs)
SB Hemorrhoid (Company: Select Brand) U
Schiffs Reagent for Aldehydes (Pararosaniline Chloride, Hydrochloric N D002 WT02 D, A58, B105
Acid)
Selenium Sulfide N U205
Senekot Tablets (Arthrocine, 1H-Indene-3-Acetic Acid) N WT02 D, A58, B409
Sevoflurane N WP01 E, A58, B219
Shardin Y D009 DW
Shark Liver/Diper/Mercury Salts-Discontinued (Brand Name: Y P092, D009
Hemorrhoid Preparation; Company: Rugby)
Silver Nitrate Applicators [Potassium Nitrate] N D001, D011 WT02 D, A58, B319
Silver Nitrate Solution – 1% N D011 D, A58, B114
Skin Refrigerant (Dichlorotetrafluoroethane) N WP01 E, A58, B801
Slide Stainer, Non-Gyn, Hema 3 Fixative N WT02 D, A94, B207
Soaclens (Company: Alcon Vision) Y D009
Sodium Azide N P105
Sodium Cephazolin N WT02 D, A58, B409
Sodium Chloride (Brand Name/Company: Adsorbonac/Alcon (P.R.)_ Y D009
Afrin Nasal Saline Mist/Schering-Plough_ AYR Saline/Ascher, B.F.
& Co._ Nasal Moisturizer/Bayer Inc.)
Sodium Chloride/Yerba Santa/Glycerin (Brand Name: Pretz; Y P092, D009
Manufactured and/or Distributed by Parnell Pharm.)
Sodium Nitroprusside Injection (3%) N D003 WT02 D, A58, B119
Soft Mate Consept-1 (Company: Allergan Inc.) Y D009
Somatostatin (Solid) N WT02 A, A58, B409
WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
28
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Sphygmomanometer with Mercury Y D009 D
Spray-Cyte (Isopropanol Aerosol) N D001 WT02 D, A58, B203
SRF/Shark Liver Oil (Brand Name: Preparation H; Company: Y P092, D009
Whitehall Lab.)
SRF/Shark Liver Oil/Merc Salts (Brand Name/Company: U
Formulation-R/G&W Labs_ Hemorrhoid/Leader_ Hemorrhoidal/
Bergen Brunswick, Bio-Pharm Inc., Brite Life, Clay-Park Labs,
Foxmeyer, Full Value, Goldline Drug, Good Neighbor, HL Moore,
Longs Drug Store, McKesson Drug, Medalist, Medicine Shop, Perrigo
Co., Qualitest, The Hudson Corp., Thrifty Drug, TopCo, Valu-Rite
Pharm._ Hemorrhoidal Prep/Global Source_ Hemorrhoidal
Suppositories/ Walsh Distrib_ HM Hemorrhoidal/ Generamed Inc._
Prep Hem/HL Moore_ Preparation H/Qualitest_ Prep-Hem/Clay-Parks
Labs_ Proctocain/Great Southern_ Prompt Relief/Goldline Drug and
Ivax-Goldline_ Rector X/Rose Labs_ SB Hemorrhoid/Select Brand)
SRF/Shark Liver Oil/Merc Salts-Discontinued (Brand Name: U
Hemorrhoid Preparation; Company: Rugby)
SRF/Shark Liver Oil/Merc Salts-Mercury Free in 2005 (Brand U
Name: Hemorrhoidal; Company: Rite Aid Corp.)
Stabilur Tube Y D009 D
Stain, Bone Marrow, Automatic Process [Methanol] N D001, F003 WT02 D, A94, B219
Stainer, Non-gyn Papslide, Alcohols and Stains N D001 WT02 D, A94, B203
Stainer, Non-gyn Papslide, Manual, Clearite and Stains N D001 D, A94, B203
Stainer, Slide Processing, Automatic [Xylene and Stains] N D001, F003 WT02 D, A94, B219
Still Bottoms From Ethyl Alcohol Waste N D001 D, A73, B602
Still Bottoms From Xylene Still N D001, F003 WT02 D, A73, B602
Streptozocin N U206
Streptozotocin N U206
Strychnine N P108
Stye (Company: Del Pharm.)—Contains Mercury U
Sulf-10 (Company: Ciba Vision OPH and Novartic Opthal) Y D009
WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
29
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Sulf-10 Ophthalmic Solution (US Ophthalmics) U
Suffacetamide Sodium (Brand Name/Company: Blephamide SOP Y D009
Ophthalmic Ointment/Allergan Inc._ Blephamide Ophthalmic
Ointment/DRX Pharmaceutical_Bleph/Southwood Pharm._Bleph-
10/Allergan Inc., Pharma PAC and Southwood Pharm._ Sulf-10/Ciba
Vision OPH/Novartis Opthal)
Sulfacetimide with Prednisolone (Brand/Company: Sulfacetamide Y D009
with Prednisolone/Aligen, Bausch & Lomb, E. Fougera & Co., HL
Moore, Major Pharm., Rugby, Schein, Sight Pharm. and Steris_
Sulster/Akorn_ Supred/Ocusoft_ Vasocidin/Ciba Vision OPH and
DRX Pharmaceuticals)
Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim N WT02 D, A58, B409
Sulfapred Ophthalmic Solution (Company: Cheshire Pharm.) Y D009
Sulster (Company: Akorn Inc.) Y D009
Sunscreen Lotion [Ethyl Alcohol, P-Amino Benzoic Acid, P-Octyl N D001 D, A58, B219
Diemthy
Supred (Company: Ocusoft) Y D009
Suprofen (Brand Name: Profenal; Company: Alcon Surgical) Y D009
Takata’s Reagent Y D009 D
Taro Nasal Decongestant Spray (Company: Taro Pharm.) Y D009
Taxol Injection N D001 D, A58, B219
TE Anatoxal Berna (Company: Berna Products) Y D009
Test Kit, Occult, Blood Determination N D001 D, A58, B203
Testosterone Injection Suspension 100mg (Company: Martin Surgical U
Supply)
Testosterone Injection Suspension 50mg (Company: Martin Surgical Y D009
Supply and Primedics Laboratories)
Tet, Dip Toxoid Adsorbed for Adult Use (Company: Massachusetts Y D009
Public Health Biologic Labs)
Tetanus Immune Globulin (Brand Name/Company: Baytet/Allscrips_ Y D009
Hyper-Tet/Bayer Biologic)
WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
30
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Tetanus Toxoid, For Booster Use Only (Company Connaught Lab.) Y D009
Tetanus Toxoid, Adsorbed (Company: Allscrips, Bioport Corp., Y D009
Connaught Lab., Medeval Pharm., Pasteur Merieux, Physicians TC,
Sclavo Inc. and Wyeth-Ayerst)
Tetanus Toxoid, Fluid (Company: Allscrips, Medeva Pharm., Pasteur Y D009
Merieux and Physicians TC)
Tetanus, Diphtheria Toxoid (Company: Advent, Allscrips, Compumed Y D009
Inc., Connaught Labs, Medeva Pharm., Pasteur Merieux, Physicians
TC, Sclavo and Wyeth-Ayerst)
Tetanus, Diphtheria Toxoid Pediatric (Company: Allscrips) U
Tetanus, Diphtheria Toxoid Pediatric (Company: Medeva Pharm. and Y D009
Sclavo Inc.)
Tetanus, Diphtheria Toxoid Pediatric Through June 2003 (Company: U
Pasteur Merieux)
Tetracaine Hydrochloride (0.5%) N WT02 D, A58, B409
Tetracaine/Menth/Znox/Ichtham (Brand Name: Burn Ointment; Y P092, D009
Company: Clay-Park Labs.)
Tetrachloroethylene (Perc) N D039, U210 D
Tetramune (Company: Physicians TC) U
Tetramune 10 Dose (Company: Wyeth-Ayerst) Y U151, D009
Thalidomide (2-Phthalimidoglutarimide) N WT02 D, A58, B409
Theophylline Anhydrous N WT02 D, A58, B409
Thermostat Mercury Probe Y D009 D
Thermostat with Mercury Tilt Switches Y D009 D
Thimerisol (aka Thimerosal) (Brand Name/Company: Y U151, D009
Mersol/Century Pharm._ Merthiolate/Dolder LTD and James
Alexander_ Thimerosal/ A-A Spectrum, Amend American
International Chemical, Dysers Sal, Gallipot, Medisca Inc. and
Spectrum Quality Products)
Thimerosal USP 97% (Company: American International Chemical Y U151, D009
and Omicron Quimica SA)
WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
31
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Thin Prep 2000 Stain, Used N D001 D, A94, B219
Thioguanine Tablets N WT02 D, A58, B409
Thiram N U244
Thyrosine – Sodium Salt N WT02 D, A58, B409
Tice BCG Vaccine (Company: Organon Pharm.) Y D009
Tissue Marking Dye N D001 WT02 D, A58, B219
Tissue Processor, Automatic, Alcohol Wastes N D001, F003 WT02 D, A94, B219
Tissue Processor, Automatic, Xylene Waste N D001, F003 WT02 D, A94, B219
TOR II Germicidal Disinfectant N WT02 D, A58, B219
Triamcinolone Acetonide Cream N WT02, WP02 D, A58, B407
Tribiotic Ophthalmic Solution (Company: Vedco Inc.) U
Trichloroethylene N U228
Trichrome Stain & Examination [Ethyl Alcohol] N D001 WT02 D, A94, B219
Trichrome Stain & Examination [Xylene Step] N D001 WT02 D, A94,B219
Trifluridine (Brand Name/Company: Trifuridine/Schein_ Y D009
Viroptic/Burroughs Well and Monarch Pharmacy)
Trihibit (Company: Pasteur Merieux) Y D009
TRI-Immunol 15 Dose (Company: Wyeth-Ayerst) Y D009
Tripedia (Company: Pasteur Merieux) Y D009
Triple Antibiotic (Company: HL Moore) Y D009
Triple Antibiotic Ophthalmic Solution (Company: Pharmedix) Y D009
Trisenox N P012
Triton X-100 – Mild Nonionic Detergent & Solubilizes Protein N WT02 D, A58, B219
Twice-A-Day Nasal Spray (Company: Major Pharm.) Y D009
Typhoid Vacc, Liver, Attenuated (Brand Name: Vivotif Berna; U
Company: Berna Products)
Unguentum Bossi (Company: Doak Derm.) Y D009
Uracil Mustard N U237
Urine Dipstick Control (Human Urine) N WT02 D, A58, B119

WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
32
 A List of Dangerous Waste in Hospitals

Description Contains EPA Waste WA Code(s) Designated Waste

Mercury? Code(s) Code(s)
Vancenase AQ Nasal Spray – Pocket Inhaler (Beclomethasone N WT02, WP01 E, A58, B219
Dipropionate)
Vancomycin Hydrochloride (Injection) N WP01 E, A58, B409
Vasocidin Ophthalmic Solution (Company: Ciba Vision OPH, DRX U
Pharmaceuticals, Physicians Total Care Inc. and US Ophthalmics)
Vecuronium Bromide N WT02 D, A58, B409
Verapamil HCL (Injection) N WT02 D, A58, B219
VI-Drape Surgical Film Adhesive, Aerosol (Solvent Propellant) N D001 WT02 D, A58, B210
Viroptic (Company: Burroughs Well and Monarch Pharm.) Y D009
Viroptic Ophthalmic Solution (Company: King Pharm. and Y D009
Physicians Total Care Inc.)
Vivotif Berna (Company: Berna Products) U
Warfarin <0.3% N U248
Warfarin >0.3% N P001
Westcodyne N D002 WT02 A, A58, B105
Wright’s Staining Solution N D001 WT02 D, A58, B203
Zanosar N U206
Zenker’s Solution Y D009 D
Zinc Sulfate/Mercury Oxide, Yellow/Boric Acid (Brand Name: Stye; U
Company: Del Pharm.)

WA Department of Ecology makes no guarantee as to the completeness or accuracy of this list. Designation is the responsibility of the generator.
Individuals should consult multiple sources and not rely solely on this list.
33
 Toxic Air Pollutants
CAS # Substance Class Average Concentration Time
Allowed (μg/m3) Period
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane B 6400 24 hour
79-00-5 1,1,2-Trichloroethane B 180 24 hour
120-82-1 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene B 120 24 hour
95-50-1 1,2-Dichlorobenzene B 1000 24 hour
107-06-2 1,2-Dichloroethane (ethylene chloride) A
106-46-7 1,4-Dichlorobenzene A 1.50 1 year
95-95-4 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol B 24 hour
111-76-2 2-Butoxyethanol B 400 24 hour
75-07-0 Acetaldehyde A 0.45 1 year
60-35-5 Acetamide B 24 hour
64-19-7 Acetic acid B 83.0 24 hour
108-24-7 Acetic Anydride B 67.0 24 hour
67-64-1 Acetone B 5900 24 hour
79-06-1 Acrylamide A 0.00077 1 year
309-00-2 Aldrin A 0.0002 1 year
7429-90-5 Aluminum, as AL metal dust B 33.0 24 hour
7664-41-7 Ammonia B 100 24 hour
628-63-7 n-Amyl acetate B 1800 24 hour
626-38-0 Sec-Amyl acetate B 2200 24 hour
62-53-3 Aniline A 6.30 1 year
62-53-3 Aniline & homologues B 1.00 24 hour
C7440-36-0 Antimony & compounds as Sb B 1.70 24 hour
1309-64-4 Antimony trioxide, as Sb B 1.70 24 hour
C7440-38-2 Arsenic and inorganic arsenic compounds A 0.00023 1 year
1332-21-4 Asbestos A 0.0000044 (fibers/mL) 1 year
C7440-39-3 Barium, soluble compounds Ba B 1.70 24 hour
71-43-2 Benzene A .012 1 year
50-32-8 Benzo(a)pyrene A 0.00048 1 year
205-99-2 Benzo(b)fluoranthene A
205-82-3 Benzo(j)fluoranthene A
94-36-0 Benzoyl Peroxide B 17.0 24 hour
C1303-96-4 Borates, anhydrous B 3.30 24 hour
7726-95-6 Bromine B 2.20 24 hour
7440-43-9 Cadmium and compounds A 0.00056 1 year
1305-62-0 Calcium hydroxide B 17.0 24 hour
1305-78-8 Calcium oxide B 6.70 24 hour
1333-86-4 Carbon black B 12.0 24 hour
75-15-0 Carbon disulfide B 100 24 hour
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride A 0.067 1 year
120-80-9 Catechol B 77.0 24 hour
7782-50-5 Chlorine B 5.00 24 hour
107-20-0 Chloroacetaldehyde B 11.0 24 hour
75-45-6 Chlorodifluoromethane B 12000 24 hour
67-66-3 Chloroform A 0.043 1 year
108-43-0 Chlorophenols A
C7440-47-3 Chromium (II) compounds as Cr B 1.70 24 hour
C7440-47-3 Chromium (III) compounds, Cr B 1.70 24 hour

35
 CAS # Substance Class Average Concentration Time
Allowed (μg/m3) Period
7440-47-3 Chromium (metal) B 1.70 24 hour
C7440-47-3 Chromium, hexavalent metal and A 0.000083 1 year
compounds
C7440-50-8 Copper, Dusts and mists, as Cu B 3.30 24 hour
7440-50-8 Copper, Fume B 0.67 24 hour
51-12-5 Cyanides, as CN B 17.0 24 hour
110-82-7 Cyclohexane B 3400 24 hour
106-93-4 Dibromethane A 0.0045 1 year
95-50-1 o-Dichlorobenzene (1,2- B 1000 24 hour
Dichlorobenzene)
106-46-7 1,4-Dichlorobenzene A 1.50 1 year
107-06-2 1,2-Dichloroethane (ethylene chloride) A
75-09-2 Dichloromethane (methylene chloride) A
109-89-7 Diethylamine B 100 24 hour
528-29-0 Dinitrobenzene, all isomers B 3.30 24 hour
64-17-5 Ethyl alcohol B 6300 24 hour
74-96-4 Ethyl bromide B 3000 24 hour
60-29-7 Ethyl ether B 4000 24 hour
107-06-2 Ethylene chloride A
106-93-4 Ethylene dibromide (dibromethane) A 0.0045 1 year
75-21-8 Ethylene oxide A 0.01 1 year
50-00-0 Formaldehyde A 0.077 1 year
64-18-6 Formic acid B 31.0 24 hour
111-30-8 Glutaraldehyde B 2.50 24 hour
58-89-9 Hexacyclohexane (Lindane) gamma A 0.0026 1 year
BHC
100-54-3 Hexane (n-Hexane) B 200 24 hour
Hexane, other isomers B 5900 24 hour
7647-01-0 Hydrogen chloride B 7.00 24 hour
74-90-8 Hydrogen cyanide B 37.0 24 hour
7664-39-3 Hydrogen fluoride, as F B 8.70 24 hour
7722-84-1 Hydrogen peroxide B 4.70 24 hour
123-31-9 Hydroquinone B 6.70 24 hour
7553-56-2 Iodine B 3.30 24 hour
75-47-8 Iodoform B 33.0 24 hour
123-92-2 Isoamyl acetate B 1700 24 hour
123-51-3 Isoamyl alcohol B 1200 24 hour
110-19-0 Isobutyl acetate B 2400 24 hour
67-63-0 Isopropyl alcohol B 3300 24 hour
Lead compounds A 0.50 24 hour
58-89-9 Lindane A 0.0026 1 year
C7439-97-6 Mercury, as Hg Alkyl compounds B 0.33 24 hour
C7439-97-6 Mercury, vapors except alkyl B 0.17 24 hour
67-56-1 Methyl alcohol B 870 24 hour
74-87-3 Methyl chloride B 340 24 hour

36
 CAS # Substance Class Average Concentration Time
Allowed (μg/m3) Period
71-55-6 Methyl chloroform (1,1,1- B 6400 24 hour
Trichloroethane)
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) B 1000 24 hour
75-09-2 Methylene chloride A
628-63-7 n-Amyl acetate B 1800 24 hour
8032-32-4 Naphtha (VM & P) B 4600 24 hour
91-20-3 Napthalene B 170 24 hour
C7440-02-0 Nickel and compounds (as nickel A
subsulfide or nickel)
54-11-5 Nicotine B 1.70 24 hour
7697-37-2 Nitric acid B 17.0 24 hour
10102-43-9 Nitric oxide B 100 24 hour
98-95-3 Nitrobenzene B 1.70 24 hour
95-50-1 o-Dichlorobenzene (1,2- B 1000 24 hour
Dichlorobenzene)
95-53-4 o-Toluidine A 0.14 1 year
56-38-2 Parathion B 0.33 24 hour
82-68-8 Pentachloronitrobenzene B 1.70 24 hour
(quintobenzene)
87-86-5 Pentachlorophenol A 0.33 1 year
127-18-4 Perchloroethylene A 1.10 1 year
(tetrachloroethylene)
108-95-2 Phenol B 63.0 24 hour
7664-38-2 Phosphoric acid B 3.30 24 hour
7723-14-0 Phosphorus B 0.33 24 hour
88-89-1 Picric acid B 0.33 24 hour
Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) A 0.00048 1 year
1336-36-3 Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) A
79-09-4 Propionic acid B 100 24 hour
106-51-4 Quinone B 1.50 24 hour
82-68-8 Quintobenzene B 1.70 24 hour
626-38-0 Sec-Amyl acetate B 2200 24 hour
C7782-49-2 Selenium compounds, as Se B 0.67 24 hour
7803-62-5 Silicon tetrahydride B 22.0 24 hour
7440-22-4 Silver, Metal B 0.33 24 hour
C7440-22-4 Silver, soluble compounds as Ag B 0.033 24 hour
26628-22-8 Sodium azide B 1.00 24 hour
1310-73-2 Sodium hydroxide B 6.70 24 hour
7664-93-9 Sulfuric acid B 3.30 24 hour
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene A 1.10 1 year
7440-31-5 Tin, Metal B 6.70 24 hour
C7440-31-5 Tin, Organic compounds, as Sn B 0.33 24 hour
7440-31-5 Tin, oxide & inorganic except SnH4 B 6.70 24 hour
108-88-3 Toluene B 400 24 hour
95-53-4 o-Toluidine A 0.14 1 year
76-03-9 Trichloroacetic acid B 22.0 24 hour

37
 CAS # Substance Class Average Concentration Time
Allowed (μg/m3) Period
120-82-1 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene B 120 24 hour
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane B 6400 24 hour
79-00-5 1,1,2-Trichloroethane B 180 24 hour
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene A 0.59 1 year
75-69-4 Trichlorofluoromethane B 19000 24 hour
2551-13-7 Trimethyl benzene B 420 24 hour
C7440-33-7 Tungsten, Insoluble compounds B 17.0 24 hour
C7440-33-7 Tungsten, Soluble compounds B 3.30 24 hour
8006-64-2 Turpentine B 1900 24 hour
8032-32-4 VM &P Naphtha B 4600 24 hour
1330-20-7 Xylenes (m-,o-,p-isomers) B 1500 24 hour

38
 Appendix 5
Biomedical Regulations
Summary of Biomedical Waste Requirements
in Washington State........................................................................ 1

Chapter 70.95 RCW – Biomedical Waste........................................ 4

Jurisdictional Environmental Health Offices

in Washington State........................................................................ 7
 SUMMARY OF BIOMEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT
REQUIREMENTS IN WASHINGTON STATE
Prepared by the Washington State Department of Health
Last Update: October 2000

CHAPTER 70.95K RCW [BIOMEDICAL WASTE]

Summary: Chapter 70.95K RCW establishes a uniform statewide definition for biomedical waste. However, the statue does
not prescribe a statewide program for biomedical waste management. (Please be aware that biomedical waste management
programs are often instituted by local health departments under their solid waste rule writing authorities). This chapter also
prescribes requirements for disposal of residential sharps.

• Contact: Wayne Turnberg, Washington State Department of Health - (206) 522-0132, [wayne.turnberg@doh.wa.gov]

CHAPTER 175, LAWS OF 1994 - ESHB 2401 [RESIDENTIAL SHARPS DISPOSAL]

Summarv: Chapter 175 of the Washington Laws of 1994 (Engrossed Substitute House Bill 2401), restricts the disposal of
residentially generated sharps into recycling containers at any time, or into the trash in those parts of the State that provide
sharps collection services. The Department of Ecology must maintain a list of pharmacies that will accept home generated
sharps for disposal. (ESHB 2401 sections 1,2,3,4, and 6 have been codified in the Revised Code of Washington at RCW
70.95K.010; 70.95K.030; 70.95K.040. ESHE3 2401 section 5 has been codified at RCW 70.95.715.)

• Policy Contact: Wayne Turnberg, Washington State Department of Health - (206) 522-0132
• List of Pharmacies Contact: Randy Martin, Washington Department of Ecology - (360) 407-6136

LOCAL INFECTIOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS

Several local environmental health jurisdictions have incorporated biomedical waste management requirements/policies of
varying levels of comprehensiveness and stringency. Local health jurisdictions with biomedical waste management
regulations or policies include, but may not be limited to:

Bremerton-Kitsap County Health Department Skagit County Health District

Contact: Scott Daniels, (360) 692-3611 Contact: Britt Pfaff, (360) 336-9380

Island County Health Department Snohornish County Health Department

Contact: Darlene Meyer, (360) 679-7350 Contact: Solid Waste Specialist, (425) 339-5250

Lewis County Health District Spokane County Health Department

Contact: Chris Cooper, (360) 740- 14 17 Contact: Steven Holderby, (509) 324-1560

San Juan County Health Department Tacoma-Pierce County Health Department

Contact: Kay Kohler, (360) 378-4474 Contact: Solid Waste Specialist, (253) 798-6047

Seattle-King County Health Department Whatcom County Health Department

Contact: Eileen Hennessey, (206) 296-4831 Contact: Regina Delahunt (360) 676-6724

Local Programs: Please note that in addition to this listing, other local health departments may have adopted
locally initiated biomedical waste management requirements. To be certain, check with the environmental health
office of the applicable local health jurisdiction to ensure the latest update on requirements. Phone numbers of the
state's local health jurisdictions are included at the end of this summary document.

1
BLOODBORNE PATHOGEN SAFETY STANDARDS IN THE WORKPLACE
Washington State Department of Labor and Industries (L&I)

Reference: .Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens. Chapter 296-62 Part J WAC, WAC 296-62-
08001 through WAC 296-62-08050.

Policv Issues Contact: Mary Miller, (L&I), (360) 902-5666

Compliance/Consultation Information: Contact your regional Department of Labor and Industries Service
Center. Check the blue pages of your phonebook for local listings.

Summary: The standards, which incorporate those published by Federal OSHA at 29 CFR Part 1910.1030,
prescribe occupational handling, packaging and labeling requirements for regulated waste.

BIOMEDICAL WASTE TRANSPORTATION

Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission (WUTC)

Biohazardous or Biomedical Waste Transportation:

Reference: Rules relating to the safe transportation of biohazardous or biomedical waste. (WAC
480-70-050, -500, -510, -530, -540, -550, -560, and -570).

Summary: The standard prescribes operational, training, packaging and containment, shipping
paper, insurance, and accident reporting requirements for commercial transporters of biomedical
waste under WUTC regulatory authority.

Contact: Cathy Anderson, (360) 664-1254 (WUTC).

Hazardous Materials (Regulated Medical Waste) Transportation:

Reference: WAC 480-14-390, incorporates federal transportation rules published at Title 49, Code
of Federal Regulations, Parts 170-189 into State rule by reference

Summary: Enforced by the WUTC, the Washington State Patrol, and the US Department of
Transportation (USDOT), the USDOT rules relate to the safe transportation of hazardous materials,
including regulated medical waste, over the highways. The rules establish packaging, hazard
communication, and tracking requirements.

Contact: Cathy Anderson, (360) 664-1254 (WUTC).

INCINERATOR OPERATOR CERTIFICATION

Washington Department of Ecology

Reference: Chapter 70.95D RCW [Solid Waste Incinerator and Landfill Operators]; Chapter 173-300 WAC
[Certification of Operators of Solid Waste Incinerator and Landfill Facilities]

Summary: Chapter 70.95D RCW requires that all owners or operators of a solid waste incineration facility
employ an operator that has been certified by the Department of Ecology. Chapter 173-300 WAC
implements the statute.

Contact: Randy Martin, Washington State Department of Ecology, (360) 407-6136.

2
INCINERATOR BURN REQUIREMENTS
Reference: RCW 70.95.710, Incineration of Medical Waste

Summary: RCW 70.95.710 requires that medical waste incineration be conducted so that no portion of the
combustible material is visible in its uncombusted state.

Contact: Randy Martin, Washington State Department of Ecology, (360) 407-6136.

MEDICAL WASTE INCINERATOR STANDARDS

Reference: 40 CFR Part 60 [Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources and Emission Guidelines
for Existing Sources: Hospital/Medical/Infectious Waste Incinerators]

Summary: This USEPA standard promulgates new source performance standards and emission guidelines to
reduce air emissions from hospital/medical/infectious waste incinerator(s) (HMIWI) by adding subpart Ec,
standards of performance for new HMIWI, and subpart Ce, emission guidelines for existing HMIWI, to 40
CFR part 60.

Contact: Bernard Brady, Washington State Department of Ecology, (360) 407-6803

STATE OF OREGON REQUIREMENTS

Statute Reference: Oregon Laws of 1989, Chapter 763 - Codified at Oregon Revised Statutes, Chapter 459.

Rule Reference: Oregon Administrative Rules, Chapter 333, Division 18; Chapter 340, Division 61; and
Chapter 860, Division 66.

Summary: The Oregon biomedical waste requirements must be observed by Washington State communities
exporting waste to Oregon landfills, such as the City of Seattle. Oregon requirements apply to biomedical
waste generated from medical facilities and from homes (e.g. insulin syringes).

Contacts:

Oregon Department of Health Infectious Waste Website: http://www.oshd.org/acd/docs/infectw.htm

General Issues - Oregon Health Division

• Contact: Dr. Fred Hoesley (503) 731-4024
frederick.c.hoesly@state.or.us

Transportation Issues - Oregon Department of Transportation, Motor Carrier Division

• Contact: Jess E. Brown (503) 378-3667
jess.e.brown@state.or.us

Disposal Issues - Oregon Department of Environmental Quality

• Contact: Julie Schmitt, Infectious/Medical Waste Coordinator (503) 229-6922
schmitt.julie@deq.state.or.us

UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE

Reference: 30 CFR Part 111 [Mailability of Sharps and Other Medical Devices]

Summary: The federal rule prescribes packaging and mailing requirements for used sharps and other used
medical devices when mailed via the U.S. Postal Service.

Contact: Wayne Turnberg, (206) 522-0132

3
 Chapter 70.95K of the Revised Code of Washington
Biomedical Waste

RCW 70.95K.005 Findings. The legislature finds and declares that:

(1) It is a matter of state-wide concern that biomedical waste be handled in a manner that protects the health, safety,
and welfare of the public, the environment, and the workers who handle the waste.
(2) Infectious disease transmission has not been identified from improperly disposed biomedical waste, but the
potential for such transmission may be present.
(3) A uniform, state-wide definition of biomedical waste will simplify compliance with local regulations while
preserving local control of biomedical waste management. [1992 c 14 § 1.]

RCW 70.95K.010 Definitions. Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, the definitions in this section apply
throughout this chapter.
(1) "Biomedical waste" means, and is limited to, the following types of waste:
(a) "Animal waste" is waste animal carcasses, body parts, and bedding of animals that are known to be
infected with, or that have been inoculated with, human pathogenic microorganisms infectious to humans.
(b) "Biosafety level 4 disease waste" is waste contaminated with blood, excretions, exudates, or secretions
from humans or animals who are isolated to protect others from highly communicable infectious diseases
that are identified as pathogenic organisms assigned to biosafety level 4 by the centers for disease control,
national institute of health, biosafety in microbiological and biomedical laboratories, current edition.
(c) "Cultures and stocks" are wastes infectious to humans and includes specimen cultures, cultures and stocks
of etiologic agents, wastes from production of biologicals and serums, discarded live and attenuated
vaccines, and laboratory waste that has come into contact with cultures and stocks of etiologic agents or
blood specimens. Such waste includes but is not limited to culture dishes, blood specimen tubes, and
devices used to transfer, inoculate, and mix cultures.
(d) "Human blood and blood products" is discarded waste human blood and blood components, and materials
containing free-flowing blood and blood products.
(e) "Pathological waste" is waste human source biopsy materials, tissues, and anatomical parts that emanate
from surgery, obstetrical procedures, and autopsy. "Pathological waste" does not include teeth, human
corpses, remains, and anatomical parts that are intended for interment or cremation.
(f) "Sharps waste" is all hypodermic needles, syringes with needles attached, IV tubing with needles attached,
scalpel blades, and lancets that have been removed from the original sterile package.
(2) "Local government" means city, town, or county.
(3) "Local health department" means the city, county, city-county, or district public health department.
(4) "Person" means an individual, firm, corporation, association, partnership, consortium, joint venture, commercial
entity, state government agency, or local government.
(5) "Treatment" means incineration, sterilization, or other method, technique, or process that changes the character or
composition of a biomedical waste so as to minimize the risk of transmitting an infectious disease.
(6) "Residential sharps waste" has the same meaning as "sharps waste" in subsection (1) of this section except that the
sharps waste is generated and prepared for disposal at a residence, apartment, dwelling, or other noncommercial
habitat.
(7) "Sharps waste container" means a leak-proof, rigid, puncture-resistant red container that is taped closed or tightly
lidded to prevent the loss of the residential sharps waste.
(8) "Mail programs" means those programs that provide sharps users with a multiple barrier protection kit for the
placement of a sharps container and subsequent mailing of the wastes to an approved disposal facility.

4
(9) "Pharmacy return programs" means those programs where sharps containers are returned by the user to designated
return sites located at a pharmacy to be transported by a biomedical or solid waste collection company approved by
the utilities and transportation commission.
(10) "Drop-off programs" means those program sites designated by the solid waste planning jurisdiction where sharps
users may dispose of their sharps containers.
(11) "Source separation" has the same meaning as in RCW 70.95.030.
(12) "Unprotected sharps" means residential sharps waste that are not disposed of in a sharps waste container. [1994 c
165 § 2; 1992 c 14 § 2.]

NOTES: Findings--Purpose--Intent--1994 c 165: "The legislature finds that the improper disposal and labeling of sharps
waste from residences poses a potential health risk and perceived threat to the waste generators, public, and workers in the
waste and recycling industry. The legislature further finds that a uniform method for handling sharps waste generated at
residences will reduce confusion and injuries, and enhance public and waste worker confidence.

It is the purpose and intent of this act that residential generated sharps waste be contained in easily identified containers and
separated from the regular solid waste stream to ensure worker safety and promote proper disposal of these wastes in a
manner that is environmentally safe and economically sound." [1994 c 165 § 1.]

RCW 70.95K.011 State definition preempts local definitions.

The definition of biomedical waste set forth in RCW 70.95K.010 shall be the sole state definition for biomedical waste
within the state, and shall preempt biomedical waste definitions established by a local health department or local government.
[1992 c 14 § 3.]

RCW 70.95K.020 Waste treatment technologies.

(1) At the request of an applicant, the department of health, in consultation with the department of ecology and local
health departments, may evaluate the environmental and public health impacts of biomedical waste treatment
technologies. The department shall make available the results of any evaluation to local health departments.
(2) All direct costs associated with the evaluation shall be paid by the applicant to the department of health or to a state
or local entity designated by the department of health.
(3) For the purposes of this section, "applicant" means any person representing a biomedical waste treatment
technology that seeks an evaluation under subsection (1) of this section.
(4) The department of health may adopt rules to implement this section. [1992 c 14 § 4.]

RCW 70.95K.030 Residential sharps--Disposal--Violation.

(1) A person shall not intentionally place unprotected sharps or a sharps waste container into: (a) Recycling containers
provided by a city, county, or solid waste collection company, or any other recycling collection site unless that site
is specifically designated by a local health department as a drop-off site for sharps waste containers; or (b) cans,
carts, drop boxes, or other containers in which refuse, trash, or solid waste has been placed for collection if a source
separated collection service is provided for residential sharps waste.
(2) Local health departments shall enforce this section, primarily through an educational approach regarding proper
disposal of residential sharps. On the first and second violation, the health department shall provide a warning to the
person that includes information on proper disposal of residential sharps. A subsequent violation shall be a class 3
infraction under chapter 7.80 RCW.

(3) It is not a violation of this section to place a sharps waste container into a household refuse receptacle if the utilities
and transportation commission determines that such placement is necessary to reduce the potential for theft of the
sharps waste container. [1994 c 165 § 3.]

NOTES: Effective date--1994 c 165 § 3: "Section 3 of this act shall take effect July 1, 1995." [1994 c 165 § 6.] Findings--
Purpose--Intent--1994 c 165: See note following RCW 70.95K.010.

5
RCW 70.95K.040 Residential sharps waste collection.
(1) A public or private provider of solid waste collection service may provide a program to collect source separated
residential sharps waste containers in conjunction with regular collection services.
(2) A company collecting source separated residential sharps waste containers shall notify the public, in writing, on the
availability of this service. Notice shall occur at least forty-five days prior to the provision of this service and shall
include the following information: (a) How to properly dispose of residential sharps waste; (b) how to obtain sharps
waste containers; (c) the cost of the program; (d) options to home collection of sharps waste; and (e) the legal
requirements of residential sharps waste disposal.
(3) A company under the jurisdiction of the utilities and transportation commission may provide the service authorized
under subsection (1) of this section only under tariff. The commission may require companies collecting sharps
waste containers to implement practices that will protect the containers from theft. [1994 c 165 § 4.]

NOTES: Findings--Purpose--Intent--1994 c 165: See note following RCW 70.95K.010.

RCW 70.95K.900 Section headings. Section headings as used in this chapter do not constitute any part of the law. [1992 c
14 § 5.]

RCW 70.95K.910 Severability-1992 c 14. If any provision of this act or its application to any person or circumstance is
held invalid, the remainder of the act or the application of the provision to other persons or circumstances is not affected.
[1992 c 14 § 6.]

RCW 70.95K.920 Effective date--1992 c 14.

(1) Sections 2 and 3 of this act are necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, or safety, or
support of the state government and its existing public institutions, and shall take effect immediately [March 20,
1992].
(2) Section 4 of this act shall take effect October 1, 1992. [1992 c 14 § 7.]

RCW 70.95.710 Incineration of medical waste. Incineration of medical waste shall be conducted under sufficient burning
conditions to reduce all combustible material to a form such that no portion of the combustible material is visible in its
uncombusted state. [1989 c 431 § 77.]

RCW 70.95.715 Sharps waste--Drop-off sites--Pharmacy return program.

(1) A solid waste planning jurisdiction may designate sharps waste container drop-off sites.
(2) A pharmacy return program shall not be considered a solid waste handling facility and shall not be required to
obtain a solid waste permit. A pharmacy return program is required to register, at no cost, with the department. To
facilitate designation of sharps waste drop-off sites, the department shall share the name and location of registered
pharmacy return programs with jurisdictional health departments and local solid waste management officials.
(3) A public or private provider of solid waste collection service may provide a program to collect source separated
residential sharps waste containers as provided in chapter 70.95K RCW.
(4) For the purpose of this section, "sharps waste," "sharps waste container," and "pharmacy return program" shall have
the same meanings as provided in RCW 70.95K.010. [1994 c 165 § 5.]

NOTES: Findings--Purposes--Intent--1994 c 165: See note following RCW 70.95K.010.

6
 Jurisdictional Environmental Health Offices in Washington State

Adams County Health District Grays Harbor Health Department

103 West Main 2109 Sumner Avenue
Ritzville WA 99169 Aberdeen WA 98520
(509) 659-0090 Ext 262 (360) 249-4413

Asotin County Health District Island County Health Department

431 Elm PO Box 5000
Clarkston WA 99403 Courthouse Annex
(509) 758-3344 Coupeville WA 98239-5000
(360) 679-7345

Benton-Franklin Health District Jefferson County Health and Human Services

506 McKenzie Castle Hill Center
Richland WA 99352 615 Sheridan
(509) 582-7761 Port Townsend WA 98368
(360) 385-9444

Bremerton-Kitsap County Health District Kittitas County Health Department

109 Austin Drive 507 Nanaum
Bremerton WA 98312 Ellensburg WA 98926-2848
(360) 478-5237 (509) 962-7698

Chelan-Douglas Health District Lewis County Health Department

Environmental Health Health Services Building
411 Washington Street 360 NW North Street
Wenatchee WA 98801 MS: HSD03
(509) 664-5310 Chehalis WA 98532
(360) 740-1238

Clallam County Health and Human Services Department Lincoln County Health Department
Department of Community Development 507 7th Street
223 East Fourth Street PO kBox 215
Port Angeles WA 98362 Davenport WA 99122
(360) 417-2415 (509) 725-2501

Columbia County Health District Mason County Department of Health Services

221 East Washington, Suite 101PH 303 North Fourth
Dayton WA 99328 Shelton WA 98584
(509) 382-3048 (360) 427-9670 Ext 260

Cowlitz County Health Department Northeast Tri-County Health District

1516 Hudson 240 East Dominion
PO Box 458 PO Box 270
Longview WA 98632-7296 Colville WA 99114
(509) 684-2262

Garfield County Health District Okanogan County Health District

10th and Columbia PO Box 231
PO Box 130 Okanogan WA 98840
Pomeroy WA 99347 (509) 422-7143
(509) 843-3412

Grant County Health District Pacific County Health Department

County Courthouse (First and C Street NW) Department of Community Development
PO Box 37 1216 West Robert Bush Drive
Ephrata WA 98823 PO Box 26
(509) 754-2011 Ext 395 South Bend WA 98586
(360) 875-9356

7
San Juan County Health and Community Services Tacoma-Pierce County Health Department
145 Rhone Street 3629 South D Street
PO Box 607 Tacoma WA 98408
Friday Harbor WA 98250-0607 (253) 596-2857
(360) 378-4474

Seattle-King County Department of Public Health Thurston County Health Department

Environmental Health Division 529 West Fourth Avenue
201 Smith Tower Olympia WA 98501
Seattle WA 98104-2311 (360) 786-5455
(206) 296-4806

Skagit County Health Department Wahkiakum County Health Department

Courthouse Administration Bldg – Room 301 64 Main Street
700 South Second Street Cathlamet WA 98612
Mount Vernon WA 98273-3864 (360) 795-6207
(360) 336-9380

Snohomish Health District Walla Walla County-City Health Department

3020 Rucker Avenue Suite 102 310 West Poplar
Everett WA 98201-3971 PO Box 1753
(425) 339-5270 Walla Walla WA 99362-0346
(509) 527-3290

Southwest Washington Health District Whatcom County Health Department

2000 Fort Vancouver Way 509 Girard Street
PO Box 1870 PO Box 935
Vancouver WA 98663 Bellingham WA 98227
(360) 696-8428 (360) 676-6724

Spokane County Health District Whitman County Health Department

West 1101 College Avenue Public Service Building
Spokane WA 99201-2095 North 310 Main Street
(509) 324-1590 Colfax WA 99111
(509) 397-6282

Yakima Health District

104 North First Street
Yakima WA 98901
(509) 576-7412

8
 Appendix 6
Bibliography
 Bibliography
Best Management Practices for Agricultural Chemicals, A Guide for Secondary Containment;
Washington State Department of Ecology; Publication #94-189, 1994.

Best Management Practices for Dental Office Waste; Washington State Dental Association and
Washington State Department of Ecology

Brooks, T.; Medical Waste Management: It’s Not Just for Hospitals, ACSs Can Investigate
Alternatives to Hauling, Incineration; SurgiCenter Online www.surgicenteronline.com

Chemical Registry for the Chemical Safety Day Program: EPA Chemical Registry; University of
Minnesota http://www.hehs.umn.edu/csdp/registry.pdf (Visited March, 2005)

CHEMINFO: Chemical Profiles Created by CCOHS, hydrogen peroxide less than 8%; Canadian
Center for Occupational Health and Safety (Accessed on 2/10/05)

Concentrations of Iodine-131 Released from a Hospital into a Municipal Sewer; RSO Magazine;
January/February 2001, Vol. 6, No. 1.

Conroy, Suzanne; Nickerson, Ron; Sheu, Min-Shyan; Plasma Cleaning of Medical Devices
Understanding the Most Environmentally Friendly Industrial Cleaning
www.a2c2.com/articles/00june_051.asp?pid=97 ; 2000

Designating Dangerous Waste, Ecology Fact Sheet; Washington State Department of Ecology;
Publication #96-436, revised October, 2004

Domestic Sewage Exclusion; Washington State Department of Ecology; Publication #94-136,

revised August, 2001

Ekelman K. and D. Benz; 750 Limonene (WHO Food additives Series 30): First Draft; US Food &
Drug Administration http://www.inchem/org/documents/jecfa/fecmono/v30je05.htm ;
11/02/04

Empty Pesticide Container Disposal; Washington State Department of Ecology; Publication #92-
BR-8, 1992

EnergyStar Website www.energystar.gov

Eliminating Mercury in Health Care Environmental Best Practices for Health Care Facilities; United
States Environmental Protection Agency; November 2002

Farm Chemicals Handbook; United States Environmental Protection Agency; 1988

Focus on Pharmaceutical Waste; Washington State Department of Ecology Hazardous Waste and
Toxics Reduction Program; Publication #03-04-035

Focus: Universal Waste Rule for Dangerous Waste Lamps WAC 173-303-573; Washington State
Department of Ecology; Publication #00-04-020

1
Guides to Pollution Prevention for Selected Hospital Waste Streams; United States Environmental
Protection Agency Office of Research and Development, Risk Reduction Engineering
Laboratory, Center for Environmental Research Development

Gust Environmental; Safe Paints; http://healbuildings.com/index.html

H2E Self-Assessment Guide; Hospitals for a Healthy Environment; http://www.h2e-

online.org/pubs/selfasmt.pdf

Hospital Environmental Assessment Template; United States Environmental Protection Agency

Hospitals, Hospital Waste Products Elimination; MedNets and United States Environmental
Protection Agency;
http://www.mednets.com/index/cfm/fuseaction/articles_waste_disposal_in_american_hospitals_i
n_the_united_states_hospitalwaste

Hospital Waste Reduction Checklist; Solid and Hazardous Waste Education Center Cooperative
Extension University of Wisconsin; United States Department of Agriculture, and
Wisconsin counties; Publication #425.SB9602

King County Minor Discharge Authorization Draft; King County Industrial Waste Program;
http://dnr.metrokc.gov/wlr/indwaste/hospauth/htm

Mercury in Eye Surgery Settings; Sustainable Hospitals; Lowell Center for Sustainable
Production; University of Massachusetts Lowell, 2004

Mercury Reduction Best Management Practices for Mercury-Containing Products in the Hospital;
Sustainable Hospitals; Lowell Center for Sustainable Production; 1998

National Library of Medicine; Toxicology Network; http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/ (Accessed February,

2005)

Neonatal Products; Sustainable Hospitals; Lowell Center for Sustainable Production; University
of Massachusetts Lowell, 2004

Pesticide Container Cleaning and Disposal; Washington State Department of Ecology; Publication
#01-04-024, September 2001

Pesticide Ecolotoxicity Database: Aqcuire #344; United States Environmental Protection Agency,
Office of Pesticide Management, Environmental Fate and Effects Division, 2000

Peterson, Linda; Attention Businesses: Now you can reduce your garbage bill AND conserve
resources; Sonoma County’s Food Waste Web Site
http://cesonoma.ucdavis.edu/PUBS/hortrpts/brochure.html

Pilot Study of Alternatives to the use of Xylene in a hospital Histology Laboratory; Sustainable
Hospitals Project, 2003

Pollution Prevention for Hospitals and Medical Facilities; City of Palo Alto Regional Water Quality
Control Plant

Practice Description: Hospital Waste Reduction; Stop Waste;

www.stopwaste.org.partnership/hospitalwr

2
Products and Resources for Category: Laboratory Chemicals and Equipment; Sustainable Hospitals;
www.sustainablehospitals.org

Product Names Containing Sterilox; Sustainable Hospitals; Lowell Center for Sustainable
Production; www.sustainablehositals.org/cgi-bin/DB_report.cgi , 2000

Product Names Containing Sterrad; Sustainable Hospitals; Lowell Center for Sustainable
Production; www.sustainablehositals.org/cgi-bin/DB_report.cgi , 2000

Profile of the Healthcare Industry; United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of
Compliance; EPA/310-R-02-002, February 2004

Satellite Accumulation; Washington State Department of Ecology Hazardous Waste and Toxics
Reduction Program; Publication #94-120, revised 2003

Step-by-Step Guide to Better Laboratory Management Practices; Washington State Department of

Ecology Hazardous Waste and Toxics Reduction Program; Publication #97-431, revised
January 2003

Torke, Ken; 1994; Best Management Practices for Hospitals and Medical Facilities; Palo Alto
Regional Water Quality Control Plant; September 1994

Treatment by Generator; Washington State Department of Ecology Hazardous Waste and Toxics
Reduction Program; Publication #96-412, revised May 2004

Universal Waste Rule for Batteries and Mercury-Containing Thermostats WAC 173-303-573;
Washington State Department of Ecology; Publication #98-407, 1998

Veteran’s Affairs Hospital and Hospital Waste Minimization Case Studies; United States
Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development Risk Reduction
Engineering Laboratory

What devices and building materials contain mercury?; Purdue University, Agricultural and
Biological Engineering; https://engineering.purdue.edu/ABE (last updated April 5, 2005

3
 Appendix 7
Glossary
Acronyms
DEHP Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (CAS No [117-81-7], also known as di-octyl
phthalate (DOP)
DW Dangerous waste (hazardous waste)
EtO Ethylene oxide, a sterilizer
FOG Fats, Oils and Greases
Hg Chemical symbol for mercury
JCAHO Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations
PBR Permit-by-Rule
POTW Publicly owned treatment works
RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
SPCC Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasures
TBG Treatment by Generator
TSD Treatment Storage and Disposal
TTO Total Toxic Organics

Definitions
Accumulate To temporarily store hazardous waste at your place of business for a limited
amount of time (180 days if you typically generate between 220 and 2200
pounds of waste per month, 90 days if you generate more).

Acute Certain listed hazardous wastes or discarded chemical products that are
hazardous very dangerous and strictly regulated in quantities of more than 2.2
waste pounds.

Annual report A yearly summary of your hazardous waste activities submitted to Ecology
by March 1 of each year. Required of businesses with RCRA Site
Identification Numbers.

Batch An amount of waste which is generated less frequently than once a month.

Biomedical A Washington State term that includes biohazardous and infectious wastes.
waste

Biohazardous Medical wastes that can include blood, bodily fluid, and/or tissue, as well
waste as materials saturated with blood or bodily fluids.

Characteristics There are four characteristics that can cause a waste to be hazardous:
of hazardous ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, and toxicity.
wastes

Community Title III of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA)
right-to-know establishes requirements for government and industry regarding
emergency response planning and everyone’s right to know about
hazardous chemicals in their community. Many hazardous waste
generators have requirements under community right-to-know.

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 Corrosive A solid or liquid that is a strong acid (pH less than 2), such as battery acid,
or a strong caustic (pH greater than 12.5), like drain cleaner (see
characteristics).

Criteria waste Wastes that are hazardous in Washington State because they are toxic or
persistent in the environment.

Dangerous waste Same thing as the federal term “hazardous waste” but with additional
“Washington only” wastes, such as criteria wastes. Generators typically
become regulated under the Dangerous Waste Regulations when more than
220 pounds are generated per month OR they accumulate more than 2200
pounds on-site at any one time.

Dangerous waste Waste pharmaceuticals that designate as dangerous waste.

pharmaceuticals

Dangerous Waste Chapter 173-303 WAC; regulations that implement the state’s Hazardous
Regulations Waste Management Act and parts of the federal Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act.

Dangerous waste Specific and generic operations that create dangerous wastes that are
sources “listed” in the Dangerous Waste Regulations, Chapter 173-303-9904.

Designate The act of determining whether your wastes are hazardous and if so, why
(i.e., are they “listed” waste, characteristic wastes, etc?)

Discarded Pure unused products that you intend to dispose of that are regulated as
chemical products hazardous waste (many pesticides for example). See the list in the
Dangerous Waste Regulations, Chapter 173-303-9903.

Empty Containers are legally empty when less than one inch of waste remains on
the bottom or the volume of waste remaining is less than three percent of
the container’s total capacity.

Extremely EHWs are those dangerous wastes that are especially dangerous to the
hazardous waste environment and require greater control. Many solvents are EHWs.
EHWs cannot be land disposed.

Fully regulated See regulated generator.

generator

Generator The person, business, or institution that actually produces a hazardous

waste. Liability for proper management follows generators from “cradle
to grave” from point of generation to final destination.

Hazardous waste The term used by the Environmental Protection Agency to identify those
(dangerous waste) solid wastes with properties that could pose dangers to human health and
the environment (i.e., spent solvents, ink sludges, cyanide wastes, etc.).

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 Ignitable Liquid wastes with a flashpoint of less than 140º F, such as paint thinner
or waste easily capable of causing a fire, such as dirty shop rags (see
characteristics).

Land disposal Federal land disposal restrictions (LDR) restrict wastes from being land
restriction disposed unless certain treatment standards or limits have been met.
State land disposal restrictions restrict extremely hazardous waste (EHW),
such as dry cleaner PERC from land disposal to encourage more favorable
management options such as waste reduction, recycling, or treatment.

Legend drugs Prescription drugs. Drugs that are prescribed for you by your physician
and filled at a pharmacy.

Listed wastes These are regulated hazardous wastes that are listed in the Dangerous
Waste Regulations, Chapter 173-303-9903 and -9904. Checking the lists is
the first step in designating your waste.

Manifest A shipping document that accompanies your hazardous waste from point
of generation to the final destination. Required of all but small quantity
generators and universal waste handlers.

Moderate risk Hazardous waste that is exempt from most state and federal regulations
waste because it is generated in households, or by businesses in quantities
typically less than 220 pounds per month. Such businesses are known as
small quantity generators.

MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet, provides health risk information, and what to
do in case of exposure or spill. Information can also be helpful in
determining if a waste is hazardous. Manufacturers are required by law
to provide MSDSs on all products they manufacture and sell.

Notify State and federal regulations require you to notify Ecology if the amount
of hazardous waste you generate per month or batch is more than 220
pounds OR if you accumulate more than 2200 pounds on-site at any one
time. 220 pounds is roughly one half of a 55-gallon drum. You can satisfy
this requirement by requesting a Site Identification Form, completing it
and returning it to Ecology.

Permit-by-rule Businesses that want to treat wastes on-site to make them less hazardous
and/or discharge the treated wastes to the sewer, must notify Ecology by
filling out a Site Identification Form and get permission from their sewer
authority.

Persistent Containing greater than the allowable concentrations of certain

hydrocarbons. Persistent wastes tend to remain in the environment over
long periods of time. For example: metal cutting oil, oil with Freon (see
criteria wastes).

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 QEL Quantity Exclusion Limits are used to distinguish whether a hazardous
waste is subject only to the small quantity generator requirements or the
more stringent fully regulated generator requirements. The most
common QEL is 220 pounds per month or batch (about one half of a 55-
gallon drum). The QEL for some wastes is 2.2 pounds (about a quart).

RCRA The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act is federal legislation passed
in 1976 that initiated regulation of hazardous wastes. Washington State
implements parts of RCRA through its Dangerous Waste Regulations.

RCRA Site A unique, 12 character number assigned to generators, transporters,

Identification transfer facilities and treatment, storage and disposal facilities. Required
Number for regulated generators and recommended for small quantity generators.

Reactive A substance that is very unstable, such as metallic sodium, or capable of

detonation, such as explosives or picric acid crystals (see characteristics).

Red bag waste Medical wastes that are saturated with blood or other bodily fluids.
Biohazardous waste.

Regulated Or fully regulated generator is typically a business that generates more

generator than 220 pounds per month or accumulates more than 2200 pounds of
hazardous waste at any one time. Generators of more than 2200 pounds
per month have more requirements than generators of between 220 and
2200 pounds.

Reverse Unused, outdated or discarded pharmaceuticals are sent back through

distribution pharmaceutical redistributors to numerous pharmaceutical
manufacturers.

Small quantity Typically, a business (auto repair, printing, etc.) or institution (park, school,
generator etc.) that always generates less than 220 pounds of hazardous waste per
month and accumulates less than 2200 pounds of hazardous waste at any one
time. Small quantity generators are subject to fewer requirements.

Solid waste Any material that you no longer use which you either throw away,
recycle, or store temporarily until you have accumulated enough to
recycle or dispose of it economically.

Special wastes State-only dangerous wastes in solid form that are corrosive, slightly
toxic, and/or persistent but not extremely hazardous, or have
polychlorinated biphenyl components (PBCs). These wastes may be
disposed of in solid waste landfills if certain requirements are met.

State only Dangerous wastes characterized as persistent criteria waste – persistent in

dangerous wastes the environment (halogenated or polycyclicaromatic hydrocarbons)
and/or toxics criteria waste - animal bioassay information and
concentration of the toxic components determine the toxic categories (X,
A, B, C or D).

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 Toxic A substance is toxic if it is poisonous or harmful to plant or animal life.
characteristic Examples include used antifreeze, paint booth washwater (see criteria
waste waste).

TCLP A test used to determine if a waste is hazardous under the characteristic

of toxicity. The Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure checks for
high concentrations of certain heavy metals, organic chemicals and
pesticides (see characteristics).

TSD Treatment, storage and disposal facilities are the final destination of
hazardous waste. All TSDs must be permitted and have RCRA
Identification Numbers.

Transfer facility Any transportation related facility including loading docks, parking areas,
storage areas, buildings, piers, and other similar areas where shipments of
dangerous waste are held, consolidated, or transferred within a period of
ten days or less during the normal course of transportation.

Transporter A person engaged in the off-site transportation of dangerous waste.

Triple rinse Rinsing a container three times to ensure that it is legally empty. Applies
to pesticides and acutely hazardous wastes. Rinse water should be reused
in a manner consistent with the original intended purpose.

Worker right-to- The Department of Labor and Industries administers worker right-to-
know know. The rules require all Washington State employers to inform and
train employees about hazardous chemicals in the workplace.

Universal waste Batteries, mercury-containing thermostats and lamps can be managed

according to special requirements that are less burdensome than those
normally required for fully regulated generators.

Xeriscaping Landscaping with drought-resistant, native species of plants.