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PTFE PTFE Compounds PFA

TechnicalInformation
Technische Information 7
Fluoroplastics – Essential properties

Ever greater demands make it necessary to used as linings or jacketing for metallic Resistance to chemicals
employ a broad spectrum of fluoroplastics. components and achieve corrosion protec- PTFE, PFA and FEP are resistant to almost
HEUTE + COMP. can comply with your speci- tion comparable to that of PTFE. An exten- all organic and inorganic compounds. They
fications and implement your ideas, whether sive range of partially fluorinated polymers are distinguished by a strong carbon-fluo-
as a one-off component or in mass produc- rounds out the options. rine bond in the molecular chain. Only sub-
tion. Offering top-quality products made from Among the engineering plastics, the supe- stances similar to them in their molecular
a variety of materials, we are a high-perfor- rior position of PTFE is uncontested, based structure, such as melted or dissolved alkali
mance partner to our customers. simply on its superb properties. If great re- metals, pure fluorine, perfluorokerosene,
PTFE (polytetrafluorethylene), better sistance to chemicals (acids, bases and chlorotrifluorides, and some other fluorine
known under the trade names Teflon, Dy- organic compounds) is required across a compounds can—under certain circum-
neon™, Hostaflon® and Fluon®, is char- wide temperature range, it has been shown stances—attack the material.
acterized in particular by its superior re- in practice that even high-quality steels and
sistance to chemicals and temperatures, other special metals (such as titanium and Non-stick properties
its low friction values and good insulating tantalum) are subject to certain limitations. The very low intermolecular forces are re-
properties. The thermoplastic fluorocar- Here the fluorocarbons open the way to sponsible for the fact that, of all the solid
bons—PFA (perfluoralkoxy copolymer) and broad application areas. The following cri- materials, PTFE has the lowest coefficients
FEP (perfluroethylene propylene)—are teria are of significance in this regard. of friction, almost identical in the static and
dynamic ranges. The coefficient of friction
that is measured will depend on the pres-
sure and the sliding speed, the surface with
which it is in contact, and any supplemen-
tary lubrication which may be used. The re-
sult: superior non-friction properties, elimi-
nating any stick-slip effect.

Temperature resistance
PTFE/PFA can be used at temperatures of
from 250°C to +260°C, FEP to a maximum
of +205°C. These are values which exceed
almost all the commercially available plas-
tics, at both the top and bottom of the scale.

Electrical properties
Fluoropolymers have excellent properties,
particularly in the high-frequency range
and better than almost all other plastics.
The specific volume resistance of PTFE is
almost independent of temperature up to
150°C and exceeds 1018 Ω x cm.

2
Affinity for water
- PTFE/FEP water absorption
approx. 0.01%,
- PFA water absorption approx. 0.03%
These features can be traced back to the
special characteristic of the compounds of
fluorine and carbon. The main carbon chain,
together with the extreme bonding energies
of the fluorine and carbon atoms, lends
great stability to the macromolecule.
In addition, the size of the fluorine and car-
bon atoms has a beneficial effect on a sym-
metrical chain configuration. All the fluorine
atoms form a dense, helical covering on the
chain of carbon atoms and thus prevent any
reaction when contact is made with other
chemical compounds.

PVDF –
An exceptional polymer
The two atoms of fluorine contained in the
polyvinylidene fluoride molecule lend this
polymer special properties, seldom found
among the plastics. This thermoplastic mate-
rial exhibits the following properties:
• Superb mechanical properties
• Wear resistance
• Flame resistance • Maintaining mechanical and chemical -250°C. That is about one-third of the shrink-
• Resistance to UV rays qualities at temperatures from -250°C age found in other fluorocarbons.
• High impact strength and good resis- to +180°C   The permeability of PCTFE to gaseous
tance to stress cracking • Non-flammable and liquid media is extraordinarily low, pro-
• Good dimensional stability • Can withstand liquid oxygen vided that the PCTFE is chemically resistant
• Resistant to creep and compression to the medium.
• Resistance to ionizing radiation and   The following table shows the perme-
PCTFE – “hard” UV rays ation coefficients for PCTFE (measured in
A plastic for extreme conditions Since its mechanical properties remain cm³ of gas per 1 cm² of a panel 1 mm thick,
Polychlorotrifluoroethylene features proper- largely unchanged even near absolute zero, per second and cm Hg, multiplied by 10-10).
ties that are rare in other materials, making PCTFE is the material of choice for refrig- When compared with other polymers, the
it suitable for a number of extreme applica- eration technology. PCTFE shrinks by just values for PCTFE are lower by a factor of
tion situations: 0.01% as its temperature falls from 23°C to up to 10-2.

Permeation coefficients for PCTFE

Gaseous media
Temp. in °C N2 O2 CO2 H2 H 2S Water vapor

0 - 0.07 0.35 3.20 - -

25 0.05 0.40 1.40 9.80 - 1.00
50 0.30 1.40 2.40 24.00 0.35 10.00
75 0.91 5.70 15.00 - 2.00 28.00
100 - - - - - 100.00

3
Processing

PTFE, PFA and FEP are processed using

and of a variety of techniques attuned to the
particular type of material. PTFE granulate is
processed with ram extrusion or a molding
process with subsequent sintering. A special
sintering method, in an inert atmosphere,
ensures that semi-finished products made
of glass-fiber reinforced PTFE are gas tight.
  Thermal post-processing of the semi-
finished product can modify the material’s
characteristics in a closely defined fashion.
Examples include:
• Quenching: A low crystallinity structure
is created which will, however, exhibit a
larger amount of internal stress. Conse-
quence: The material is less suitable for
manufacturing products with very nar-
row tolerances.
• Tempering: Heat treatment with sub-
sequent conditioning of the semi-fin-
ished products — prior to subsequent
cutting — ensure low internal stresses.

4
 Quality management / Approvals

Quality / TS16949
In addition to satisfying the DIN ISO 9001 quality management
standard, we were certified in 2005 as per Technical Specification
16949, governing quality management. Our day-to-day objective
is to achieve maximum customer satisfaction. Only the highest
quality in the processes associated with production and services
can turn out perfect results.
The time-tested methods and techniques set forth in TS 16949
have helped us for many years now.

Your advantages when you select a certified supplier:

• Highest quality along the entire value creation chain

• Early communications during the development phase, in
conjunction with Advanced Product Quality Planning (APQP)
and project management
• Improving your competitive position with the support of a
supplier delivering top-quality goods.

BAM
Some materials are tested by the BAM
(Federal Institute for Materials Research
and Testing in Germany) in regard to their
behavior under pressure, in an oxygen-rich
atmosphere, and are categorized accord-
ingly. Discussing your requirements with our
technicians early in the design phase makes
it easier to select the appropriate feedstock
materials. This normally facilitates obtaining
approval for your final product.

KTW / WRC / W270

(drinking water certification)
Here again—and working in close coopera-
tion with our feedstock suppliers—we offer
a range of certified materials. The selection
will depend on the specifics of the situation.
Once again, this may speed the certification
of your fixture.

FDA (Food and Drug Administration)

It is possible to use materials bearing a declara-
tion of conformity, issued by their manufacturers.

5
PTFE fillers
In spite of its superior properties, the uses This publication and its contents are based mean values; the values experienced in
for PTFE without any filler are limited. This on statements by the feedstock manufactur- practice may exceed or fall below these val-
is due to the cold flow phenomenon inherent ers, the technical literature, and the results ues, depending on the processing and ap-
to the material at high mechanical loading. of our own laboratory investigations. All the plication conditions.
The material will have to be augmented with information represents current knowledge
organic or inorganic fillers, usually coming to at the time of publication. Flawless product quality and maintenance
a proportion of between 5 and 40 percent. of tolerances as per GKV standards (Con-
Several fillers may be used simultaneously No guarantee is given for specific product federation of the Plastics Processing Indus-
to optimize specific aspects. properties or suitability for specific appli- try) are guaranteed in compliance with our
cations. The individual data cited here are General Terms of Business.

Filler Quantity Influence of the filler

(% by weight)

Glass fibers 5 to 25%; max. 40%; also in + Increases pressure resistance, stiffness, wear resistance,
combination with graphite, car- + Reduces cold flow
bon and molybdenum disulphide + Resistant to organic solvents
- Not resistant to bases and acids

Carbon (electrographite) 5 to 25%; max. 35%; also in + Increases pressure resistance and wear resistance
combination with graphite, + Good dry running properties
bronze and molybdenum disul- + Increased hardness
phide + Improvement of thermal conductivity
+ Conductive – at high filler loads
+ Resistant to hydrofluoric acid
- Sensitive to strongly oxidizing media (acids, bases, halogens)

Bronze Up to 60% of filler loading, also + Increases pressure resistance and wear resistance
in combination with graphite, car- + Increases hardness
bon and molybdenum disulphide + Improvement of thermal conductivity
+ Reduces cold flow
- Limited resistance to chemicals
- Sensitive to bases and strongly oxidizing acids

Graphite Up to 15%, also in combination + Improves slip properties and thermal conductivity
with glass, bronze and carbon + Reduces the coefficient of friction
+ Low wear at soft, metallic contact surfaces
- Sensitive to strongly oxidizing media (acids, bases, halogens)

Conductive pigment < 2% + Reduces the electrical resistance

Carbon fiber up to 20% + Increases pressure resistance, wear resistance

+ Low wear at soft, metallic contact surfaces

Molybdenum disulphide up to 5%, also in combination + Reduces the coefficient of friction

(MoS2) with glass and bronze + Increases wear resistance
- Sensitive to strongly oxidizing media (acids, bases, halogens)

Ekonol up to 20% + Low wear of soft mating surfaces

+ Good friction properties

Stainless steel up to 60% + Improves thermal conductivity

+ Reduces cold flow
- Largely resistant to chemicals

6
 Technical data
Test method Filler Filler loading ISO 1183 Internal Internal ISO 2039 Internal DIN 52 612
% by (similar to (similar to (similar to DIN 53441)
weight volume ISO 527) ISO 527)

Material number Density Tensile Elongation Ball Deformation under Thermal

g/cm³ strength at break % indentation load in % conductivity
N/mm² hardness W/m x K
N/mm²

0200 None 0 0 2.15 40 380 26 15.5 to 17.2 0.25

*1D/0200 0 0 2.17 30 500 35 8.2 to 9.0 0.25
0315 Glass fiber 15 13 2.21 17 340 29 17 0.38
0315x** 15 13 2.21 18.5 200 29 9.5 0.35
0320 20 17 2.23 16 300 29 15 0.35
0325 25 22 2.24 16 320 34 14 0.40
0325x** 25 22 2.24 20 120 42 6.0 to 7 0.40
*1D/0325 25 22 2.24 16 350 41 6.5 0.40
*1D/0325x** 25 22 2.24 16 100 50 3.9 to 4.9 0.40
0410 Carbon 10 11 2.14 22 350 30 11.0 to 13.0
0425 25 27 2.09 14 190 38 5.5 to 6.5 0.70
*1D/0425 25 27 2.09 14 40 37 4.0 to 4.5 0.70
*1D/0433 33 36 2.05 16 30 44 3.1 0.93
0560 Bronze 60 28 3.85 14 105 40 8.4 0.71
0850 Stainless 50 - 3.32 19 105 45 4 0.71
steel
1215 Graphite 15 15 2.1 16 170 32 11.3 0.93
*1D = Pressure resistant, reduced cold flow; **x = Sintered under inert gas

Coefficient of linear expansion as a factor of temperature

Temperature interval in °C
Material designation -100 to -50 to +10 to +30 to +100 to +200 to +260 to +300 to average +30 average +30 to
-50 +10 +30 +100 +200 +260 +300 +350 to +200 +300

PTFE, virgin (0200) 0.98 1.15 2.44 1.22 1.61 2.56 4.21 15.0 1.45 2.07
PTFE, pressure-resistant (1D/0200) 0.88 0.99 2.49 1.23 1.54 2.37 4.16 18.0 1.41 2.03
At 19°C, PTFE experiences a structural transition (crystallinity) involving a marked change in volume. This is also the reason why all tests are carried out at
elevated room temperature of 23°C.

Effect of the coefficient of thermal expansion in various PTFE compounds (measured in K-1x10-4)
PTFE, virgin PTFE + 15% PTFE + 25% PTFE + 25% PTFE + 33% PTFE + 15% PTFE + 60%
(0200) glass (0315) glass (0325) carbon (0425) carbon (0433) graphite (1215) bronze (0560)

Measurement parallel to direction of

compression force
30 to 100°C 1.60 1.27 0.99 0.96 0.73 1.17 0.95
30 to 200°C 1.90 1.47 1.24 1.14 0.90 1.42 1.27
30 to 300°C 2.50 1.99 1.80 1.16 1.28 2.01 1.79
Measurement perpendicular to direc-
tion of compression force
30 to 100°C 0.79 0.76 0.80 0.63 0.86 0.70
30 to 200°C 1.02 0.94 1.01 0.81 1.07 0.94
30 to 300°C 1.52 1.40 1.52 1.18 1.56 1.39

7
Deformation under load
Determining total deformation and per- 14N/mm2, 24h, 23°C
manent deformation in PTFE after pres-
sure application and after 24 hours, in re- PVDF
lation to pressure level and temperature
PCTFE
The test specimen for the test results listed
below (see page 9) is a cylinder 10 mm tall PFA
and 10 mm in diameter.

The exact height of the specimen is mea- PTFE +25% wollastonite

sured before it is placed in a climate cham-
ber, between two metal blocks. PTFE +25% black quartz

Once the test specimen has been heated, PTFE +10% Ekonol
the appropriate weights are placed on the
upper block to add load. After 100 hours PTFE +20% Peek
under this load, the climate chamber is
cooled to room temperature; the specimen PTFE + 50% stainless steell
is removed and measured immediately. This
value is given in the table as TD or total de- PTFE +60%bronze
formation after 100 hours of loading at test
temperature. PTFE +40% bronze

After 24 hours without any loading the PD or PTFE + 15% graphit

permanent deformation is measured.

PTFE +33% carbon, pressure-resistant

PTFE +33% carbon

PTFE +25% carbon, pressure-resistant

PTFE +25% carbon

PTFE + 10% carbon, pressure-resistant

PTFE + 10% carbon

PTFE + 25% glass fiber, pressure-resistant, sintered

under inert gas

PTFE +25% glass fiber, pressure-resistant

PTFE +25% glass fiber, sintered under inert gas

PTFE +25% glass

PTFE + 15% glass fiber, sintered under inert gas

PTFE+15% glass fiber

PTFE conductive, pressure-resistant

PTFE conductive

PTFE virgin, pressure-resistant

PTFE virgin

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
% Deformation

8
 The deformation values
Temp Last 0200 1D/0200 0325 03235X 1D/0325 1D/0325X 0560
°C N/mm² GV BV GV BV GV BV GV BV GV BV GV BV GV BV
% % % % % % % % % % % % % %
23 5.0 2.1 0.8 1.4 0.7 1.1 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 1.0 0.3
7.5 3.1 1.7 2.3 0.8 2.3 1.3 1.8 0.7 1.3 0.8 1.3 0.7 1.6 0.9
10.0 6.3 2.8 3.7 1.5 4.4 2.6 2.8 1.4 2.3 1.3 2.0 1.0 2.4 1.5
15.0 16.5 9.6 9.2 4.4 14.0 8.9 7.0 4.1 6.5 4.2 4.9 2.5 8.4 4.9
50 1.0 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2
2.5 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.8 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4
5.0 2.5 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.6 1.1 0.9
7.5 5.4 4.8 2.7 2.5 3.1 2.8 1.9 1.7 1.9 1.5 1.5 1.3 2.4 2.0
10.0 10.4 8.6 4.2 3.7 6.7 5.7 3.5 3.0 3.4 3.2 2.6 2.1 4.5 3.6
12.5 16.5 14.3 7.6 6.1 12.3 10.6 6.5 5.4 5.8 4.8 4.0 3.3 7.5 6.0
15.0 23.3 21.2 11.3 9.6 19.0 16.5 9.5 8.1 10.4 8.0 6.2 5.3 11.2 9.6
100 1.0 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.5
2.5 1.8 1.7 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.3 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 1.3 1.2
5.0 6.4 6.1 2.8 2.7 3.3 3.1 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.5 1.4 2.8 2.3
7.5 13.0 11.4 6.2 4.7 9.6 8.7 5.6 5.0 3.9 3.5 3.2 2.8 6.0 4.9
10.0 20.8 19.7 10.5 8.8 18.7 17.6 8.6 7.8 8.6 7.4 5.6 5.0 10.7 9.8
12.5 30.5 29.0 17.0 15.8 26.2 24.7 14.1 13.1 15.0 13.6 9.1 8.3 16.4 15.0
15.0 37.2* 35.1* 23.1 21.0 32.8* 31.5 19.7 18.6 24.8 23.2 14.0 13.7 22.0 20.1
150 1.0 1.2 1.2 0.7 0.6 1.7 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.6
2.5 3.2 2.6 1.6 1.6 2.1 2.0 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.7 1.6
5.0 10.9 9.9 4.5 3.9 6.1 5.7 4.0 3.7 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.2 4.8 4.6
7.5 21.7 21.1 10.1 9.5 16.7 16.1 9.3 9.0 7.6 7.2 5.2 4.9 11.7 11.2
10.0 34.0* 33.2* 19.2 18.3 31.0 29.8 17.0 16.0 19.6 17.6 11.4 10.7 19.3 18.7
12.5 42.3* 41.5* 29.3 27.9 38.7* 37.6* 24.9 23.9 30.0 29.0 18.5 17.6 25.5 25.0
15.0 46.9* 46.3* 38.0* 36.8* 44.8* 43.8* 30.5 29.8 38.7* 37.7* 26.5 25.6 31.4* 30.6*

Temp Last 1215 0425 1D/0425 1D/0433

At deformation levels of more than 25 to 30
percent, the test specimen bulges so much
°C N/mm² GV BV GV BV GV BV GV BV that additional stiffening takes place and the
% % % % % % % % measured values are falsified. These val-
23 5.0 1.2 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.2 ues are indicated with an asterisk (*) in the
7.5 2.3 1.2 1.4 0.7 0.8 0.4 0.8 0.6 tables.
10.0 3.4 1.5 2.7 1.2 1.7 0.6 1.4 0.9
15.0 11.3 6.9 8.5 5.0 4.3 1.8 3.1 1.5 The measured values can be applied to real
50 1.0 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 applications only to a limited extent, since
2.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 appropriate design measures can be ap-
5.0 1.6 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.2 plied to achieve encapsulation of the PTFE,
7.5 3.3 2.6 2.4 2.0 1.3 1.0 0.9 0.7 resulting in a corresponding reduction in the
10.0 6.8 5.8 4.6 4.0 2.0 1.5 1.5 1.3 flow properties.
12.5 11.0 9.0 8.7 7.8 3.2 2.7 2.6 2.3
15.0 18.6 15.7 14.0 12.3 5.4 4.4 4.5 3.6
100 1.0 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
2.5 1.4 1.3 0.9 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.4
5.0 3.9 3.4 2.7 1.9 1.6 1.2 0.9 0.8
7.5 9.4 8.6 6.1 5.1 2.8 2.1 2.0 1.8
10.0 16.5 15.5 11.4 10.3 5.2 4.1 3.7 3.2
12.5 24.6 23.4 19.0 17.5 8.4 7.2 6.6 6.1
15.0 30.2 29.1 26.3 24.8 14.1 12.4 11.2 10.6
150 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
2.5 2.1 1.9 1.5 1.5 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.5
5.0 6.5 6.0 4.7 4.3 2.0 1.9 1.4 1.3
7.5 16.0 15.2 12.7 12.2 4.6 4.1 3.2 2.9
10.0 26.3 25.5 22.9 22.5 9.6 9.1 6.8 6.2
12.5 35.8* 34.9* 31.6* 30.9* 17.8 17.1 16.8 16.2
15.0 43.5* 42.8* 36.9* 35.8 25.7* 24.5* 24.9 24.2

9
PTFE thread seals
Thread seals made of a special PTFE
compound manufactured by HEUTE +
COMP. have been on the market for more
than thirty years now. More than 200 mil-
lion such rings have been used success-
fully in a wide variety of applications.
This kind of seal was developed in collab-
oration with customers from the plumbing
sector who were looking for an alterna-
tive to the traditional hemp fiber seals and
were dissatisfied with PTFE tape and all its
inadequacies.
This technology gradually made its break-
through in many other industries, as well.
Thus there is a variety of uses in mechani-
cal engineering and automotive production
(examples there include diesel fuel injec-
tion and steering gears).
The PTFE thread sealing rings made by
HEUTE + COMP. are based on the prin-
ciple described in the following paragraph.
A groove is milled into the outside threads
and the base of that groove is knurled,
at its center, with a specially designed,
sharp-edged knurling pattern. The width
of the knurling will depend on the pitch of
the threads and the width of the groove.
Knurling is applied only along a strip in the
center of the groove so that a smooth area
about 0.5 mm wide is left on the left and
right of this strip. The two narrow strips en-
sure that, once the ring has been mount-
ed, a tight seal is made and no medium
can flow under the ring. • The preassembled sealing element is
about M10) it can be helpful to shorten the fixed to the threaded section thanks to
A conical jig covers the threads as far snap-back period by briefly heating the the snap-back effect and can neither be
down as the groove. The PTFE sealing ring to approx. 100 to 120°C once it has lost nor overlooked when making the
ring is stretched as it passes over this jig been mounted. The mating piece (with the connection.
during mounting. It then snaps into the female threads) will have to be provided • It is possible to align the threaded com-
groove. Thanks to the snap-back effect of with an entry chamfer of about 60°. This ponents by turning them forward and
the special PTFE compound, the sealing ensures that the sealing ring is threaded back so as to put them into the correct
ring seats in the knurling on the bottom of evenly into the inside threads during as- position for assembly.
the groove to prevent rotation. As a rule, sembly. This entry chamfer causes forces • The threaded joint can be disassembled
the mating parts can be screwed together that press the ring fully into the knurling. and reassembled since the resilient
at once. The clear advantages of the thread sealing PTFE compound, thanks to its memory
ring made of the special PTFE compound, effect, will return to the original shape
The shorter the time required for stretch- when compared with hemp or sealing when disassembled, so that there will be
ing, the faster is the snap-back phase. tape, are: sufficient pressure to restore the seal.
When dealing with small threads (from

10
 PTFE thread sealing rings
As described above, the first use of these brief periods at markedly higher pressures a combination of tasks that a thread sealing
thread sealing rings was in the plumbing has also been successfully completed. ring can carry out with full reliability.
trade. Due to the special situations some-
times found in that trade (connection threads The thread sealing rings are not limited to The advantages of this sealing ring come to
recessed in a masonry wall, for instance), it use as a component to prevent leaks. In bear especially where space is limited, since
was not always possible to expect that brand many applications the rotational forces are it can handle a number of functions all at
new components would be involved when most important. once.
mounting new fixtures. Old connectors with
considerable wear and tear to the threads When using an adjustment screw to make In order to cope with these numerous ex-
are often encountered. It is necessary to a height correction, for instance, it will be acting demands, the thread sealing ring is
take this special situation into account when necessary to turn the screw down and back made up from a PTFE compound developed
designing the thread sealing ring. through some distance until the desired po- specially for this purpose and identified by
sition has been reached. The screw is then its brown color.
Due to these adverse assembly situations, to remain in this position. At the same time, a
the thread sealing rings are designed to in- seal is to be created in the threading. This is
clude “reserve material”. This means that the
volume of the ring itself is greater than the PTFE sealing ring
volume of the groove. Consequently, when
assembling new and dimensionally cor-
rect parts, a small portion of the ring will be
sheared off and not moved into the threads.

Although irrelevant to the rotation function,

this effect can be compensated for by a mi-
nor variation in the diameter of the groove
and/or the insertion torque arising during as-
sembly can be adjusted.

It goes without saying that the thread sealing

rings are subjected to the testing typical for
plumbing applications, to assure compliance
Brass cone O-ring as a spring PA sleeve
with the KTW (Plastics in Drinking Water)
and WRC (formerly Water Research Centre)
standards. Metric thread
Thread pitch t C min b
In the meantime the PTFE rings have found
their way into a number of hydraulic appli- 0.75 0.8 1.5 1.55
cations. Even when dealing with oscillat-
ing pressures of up to 400 bar this type of 1 1 2 2.05
seal—which does not swell, become brittle 1.25 1.2 2.5 2.55
or age—has proven its qualities. Testing for
1.5 1.4 3 3.1

1.75 1.6 3.5 3.6

b
t

2 1.8 4 4.1

2.5 2.2 5 5.1

3 2.6 6 6.2

Inch thread
Thread E Dimension
d prior to C min b
knurling

1/4“ 10.4+0.1 3.5 3.7-0.1

3/8“ 13.9+0.1 3.5 3.7-0.1

1/2” 17.6+0.1 3.5 3.7-0.1

3/4” 23.1+0.1 3.5 3.7-0.1

1” 29.1+0.1 4.5 4.6+0.1

Knurling as per DIN 82 RAA 0.8
1 1/4“ 37.6 +0.2 4.5 4.6+0.1
Sharp-edged and 1 to 1.5 mm wide
1 1/2“ 43.6 +0.2 4.5 4.6+0.1

11
PTFE-compensator
PTFE Faltenbälge
PTFE-Faltenbälge
PTFE compensatorszeichnen sich durch
are distinguished by zu low
tee gefährden.
porosety.Hochkristalline Materialqua-
Highly crystalline materials •
• Typ HVO-1
Type HVO-1— —V-Form,
V shaped
extreme
their superb Chemikalien-Beständigkeit
resistance to chemicals and und litäten great
ensure gewährleisten
resistancepositive Diffusions-
to diffusion while spanlos folds.
Punched gestochene Falten.
High-flexibility Hochfle-
boot with the
hoheability
their thermische Belastbarkeit
to withstand aus. Ein-
high temperatures. festigkeit, niederkristallines
low-crystalline PTFE guaranteedPTFE goodsorgt für
elas- xibler Balg
greatest mit größter
elongation Dehnbarkeit
in relationship to the im
gesetzt als
Utilized Ausgleichselemente
as connector elements zwischen
between gute flexural
ticity, Elastizität, Biegewechsel-Festigkeit
strength, and resilience. To in- Verhältnis
installed zur For
length. Einbaulänge.
low pressuresEingesetzt
applica-
Konstruktionsteilen
structural components,gleichen
theysiecompensate
thermische und Rückstellvermögen.
crease the pressure resistance Zur atSteigerung
the ends bei (see
tions geringen Drücken (s. Diagramm).
the chart).
Längenänderungen
for changes in length aus, due toermöglichen Be-
thermal expan- der Druckfestigkeit im Bereich
and connection areas, reinforced PTFE der End-(in-
wegungen
sion, permitinrelative
axialer,movements
lateraler undinangularer
the axial bzw.. Anschlussstücke
corporating kann fibers,
fillers like glass mit Füllstoffen
carbon •
• Typ HUO2
Type HUO2— —U-Form,
U shaped
Richtung
and lateralund unterbinden
angular dasand
directions Weiterleiten
through (Glasfaser,
etc.) can beKohle
used at usw.)
the verstärktes PTFE
desired locations spangebend
Folds gefertigte
manufactured by Falten.
cutting Rund aus-
or milling.
von Schwingungen.
angles, and suppress the transmission of while making the semi-finished products.den
bereits bei der Halbzeugfertigung an gestochene Falten mit hoher Formstabilität.
Folds punched to achieve a rounded shape
vibrations. gewünschten Stellen eingebracht werden. Temperatur-
offer und dimensionsabhängig
great stability ein-
in their shape. These can
Typische Anwendungen finden sich im che- Special sintering in an inert gas atmosphere setzbar
be used,bis maximal on
depending 6 bar.
theDurch Integration
temperature and
mischen
Typical Anlagenbau
applications will und in der
be found Medizin-
in chemical Eine Spezialsinterung
makes sure that GFR PTFE unterwillInertgasat-
be abso- eines speziellen
dimensions, up toPTFE-Stützrohrs
a maximum pressureauchofbei
6
technik.equipment and in medical technology.
industry mosphäre
lutely sorgt bei glasfaserverstärktem
leak-proof. Unterdruck
bar. With thenutzbar. Geringere
integration Stauch-und
of a special PTFE
PTFE für Dichtheit. Dehnwege
support alsthis
tube, Typtype
HVO1.
can also be used for
Geringe
Low fold Faltenstärke schafftforgrößtmögliche
thickness makes the greatest PTFE compensators are manufactured by vacuum. Shorter compression and elonga-
Elastizität. Deshalb werden
possible elasticity. That is why hochwertige
high-quality PTFE-Faltenbälge
cutting or milling. Therewerden
are twospangebend
types, dif- tion paths than for type HV01.
PTFE-Halbzeuge
PTFE materials areverarbeitet,
used since auch um die
they guaran- hergestellt.by
ferentiated Entsprechend ihrer Faltengeo-
their cross-sectional shape:
absolut notwendige Porendichtheit nicht metrie unterscheiden sich

1,5
HVO1
1,25

1,0
NW
25-100
0,75
NW
125-250
0,50

0,25
NW
300
bar

50 100 150 200°C

6,0
HUO1
5,0

4,0
NW
25-150
3,0

2,0
NW
200-250
1,0
NW
300
bar

50 100 150 200°C

12
 Linings made of Fluorothermoplastics
Unit of
Property Test temperature PFA
measure
Tensile strength 23 °C MPa 31.6
150 °C MPa 20.3
200 °C MPa 16.4

Elongation at break 23 °C % 379

150 °C % 489
200 °C % 557
Yield stress MPa 15.5
23 °C
MPa 4.8
150 °C
MPa 3.3
200 °C

Cast housings for chemicals pumps, ball Tensile modulus 23 °C MPa

529
150 °C MPa
valve casings, butterfly valve disks, struc- 97
200 °C MPa
tural components and the like — all of which 64
need sure protection against corrosion
— are fitted with linings and coatings in a Coefficient of thermal 21 °C to100 °C 10-51/K 11.6
transfer molding process. The technology expansion 100 °C to150 °C 10-51/K 14.9
requires that the protective shell be no less 150 °C to200 °C 10-51/K 19.2
than about 3 mm thick.

As opposed to PTFE, the fluorothermo- temperature resistance, chemical resis- ene — can tolerate a maximum temperature
plastics (PFA, FEP, PVDF etc.) are pro- tance, low surface tension, and good resis- of about +205°C when in use. In order to
cessed using the familiar injection molding tance to pressure. satisfy the wide range of demands found in
process. PFA (perfluoroalkoxy) — a copo- actual use, there is a wide range of materi-
lymer of tetrafluoroethylene and perfluori- FEP (perfluorinated ethylene-propylene) als available, with a broad spectrum of flow
nated co-monomerss — displays largely —a partially crystalline copolymer made up indices.
the same properties as PTFE in regard to of tetrafluoroethylene and hexafluoropropyl-

Suitable design options such as dovetail largest possible radii at inside corners of Only when coating metallic objects (such
grooves running around the circumfe- workpieces or holes will reduce local stres- as butterfly valve disks) will the shrinkage
rence of the sealing strips or in cylindrical ses in the plastic used for the lining. inherent to the material cause the covering
areas ensure perfect mechanical fixing to fit more closely. PFA
between the substrate and the lining ma-
terial which, by nature, will not stick to the
substrate. Depending on the thickness of
the lining wall, a certain amount of shrink
and separation of the lining from a cylind-
rical metal component is unavoidable un-
less additional mechanical anchor points
are provided.
e.g. gray cast iron
It is important to ensure that—right from the
design stage for the metal parts—the best
possible situation be created for the subse-
quent installation of the lining. Creating the
Nicht tolerierte
Maßstab : 1 Menge :
Maße nach
DIN 7168 m Material :

Datum Name
Gezeichnet

Kontrolliert
12.10.2009 Muranko
Auskleidung mit PFA 13
Norm

Für diese technische Unterlage

behalten wir uns die Rechte vor.
Urheberschutz gemaess §34
Pumpengehäuse 1
A4
Guideline values for fluoroplastics
Abbrevia- PTFE FEP PFA ETFE PVDF PCTFE ECTFE
tion for the
plastic

Property Unit of
measure

Working tempera- °C - 340 to 400 340 to 370 300 to 340 200 to 250 260 to 290 275-300
ture. injection
molding and
extrusion

Maximum °C 260 205 260 150 150 150 140

continuous duty briefly 180 briefly 180 briefly 180
temperature
without stress

Becomes brittle °C -250 -100 -200 -100 -60 -40 briefly 180
below

Crystallite melting °C 327 -30 -5 -10 -12 -40 240

point

Raw density g/cm³ 2.14 to 2.23 2.12 to 2.17 2.14 to 2.17 1.67 to 1.75 1.76 to 1.78 2.07 to 2.12 1.68

Tensile strength N/mm2 20 to 40 15 to 21 15 to 30 35 to 45 40 to 60 30 to 40 42 to 48

Elongation at % 140 to 400 240 to 350 300 200 to 500 25 to 400 20 200
break

Modulus of elas- N/mm2 350 to 750 350 to-500 600 1000 1000 to 3000 1300 1400
ticity (tension)

Flexural stress N/mm2 18 to 20 - 15 26 55 55 to 67 50

limit

Notched impact kJ/m² 16 22 8 to 9

strength (20°C)

Izod impact
strength

at +20 °C J/m 160 N/A N/A N/A 200 160-270 N/A

at -57 °C J/m 107 160 1000 -10 °C 100 - 110

Shore D 55-60 58 62 67-73 77-82 73-79

hardness

Linear thermal 10-5 x K-1 16 12 13 13 10 5 8

expansion coef-
ficient

Thermal conduc- W/mK 0.24 0.23 0.26 0.24 0.17 0.26 0.14
tivity at +20°C

Oxygen index Vol. pct. 95 95 95 32-37 44-48 94 64

% 02

Specific volume Ohm x cm 10^18 1018 10^18 10^16 1014 1015 1015
resistance

Surface resistivity Ohm 10^17 1016 10^17 1015 1015 1015 1014

Water absorp- % 0 <0.01 0.03 0.02 0.03 0 0.01

tion. comparative
values. 24 h

Swelling agents None in the useful temperature Some halogenated solvents at Ketones, es- Some organo- None
range elevated temperatures ters at higher chlorides
temperatures

Susceptible to Melted or dissolved metallic Similar to Fuming Fuming HNO3 Similar to PTFE
chemical attack sodium, fluorine, FCL3 at higher PTFE and FEP H2SO4 and and H2SO4,
by temperatures similar amine, pyridine

14
 and other engineering plastics
Abbreviation for POM homo- POM copo- PA6 dry PA6 condi- PA66 dry PA66 condi- PA12
the plastic polymer lymer tioned tioned

Property Unit of measure

Tensile strength N/mm2 67 to 69 - - - - - 55

Elongation at yield % - - 20 30 17 33 6 to 8
strength

Max. continuous duty °C - - 80 to 120 - 85 to 150 - 70 to 80

temperature

Melting temperature °C 175 164 to 168 220 - 255 to 265 - 172 to 180

Density gr/cm³ 1.42 1.41 1.10 to 1.14 1.10-1.14 1.12 to 1.15 1.12-1.15 1.01 to 1.02

Yield stress N/mm² 67 to 85 62 to 71 65 to 90 40 to 50 70 to 90 50 to 65 50

Elongation at break % - - 20 to 100 150 to 250 10 to 50 50 to 220 200

Modulus of elasticity kN/mm² 2.9 to 3.5 2.7 to 3.2 2.3-2.5 1.2 to 1.4 2.7 to 3.0 1.6 to 2.0 1.2 to 1.6
(tension)

Flexural stress limit N/mm² - - 120 to 130 45 130 to 140 50 70-85

Notched impact kJ/m2

strength
Izod. ISO 180/1A

at +23 °C - 4 to 7 6 to 11 - 4-6 7 to 12 5-6

at - 30 °C - 4 to 7 3 to 10 - 4-6 4 to 5.5 5-6

Rockwell hardness M92 to 94 M80 R120 R90 R120 - R110

Thermal conductivity W/mK 0.37 0.31 0.23 - 0.27 - 0.30

Coefficient of thermal 10-5xK-1 1.1 1.2 6 to 10 - 7 to 10 - 11

expansion 20/100°C

Ball indentation hard- N/mm² - - 160 70 140 to 170 100 to 110 75 to 100
ness 358/10

Specific volume resis- Ohm x cm - 1014 1015 1012 1015 1012 1015
tance

Dielectric strength kV/mm 70 70 50 to 150 30-80 100 to 150 30 to 80 90

Water absorption % - - - 3.5 to 4 - 2.5 to 3 0.9

23°C. 50% RH

Water absorption % 0.9 to 1.4 0.65 9.5 9.5 8.5 8.5 1.5
23°C. saturated

Impact strength %
Izod. ISO 180/I C

at +23°C kJ/m² - 80 N/A N/A 160 to N/A N/A N/A

at -30°C 70 to 160 N/A N/A 120 to 290 140 to 356 N/A

Notched impact
strength
Charpy. DIN 53453

Charpy. DIN 53453 kJ/m² - - 3-6 N/A 2-3 15-20 6-15

+23 °C

- 40 °C kJ/m2 - - 2-4 N/A <2 - 5-10

Bemerkungen Tough and impact resistant Best hardness, stiffness and Increased
even at low temperatures temperature resistance of the dimensional
non-reinforced PA types stability at
falling water
absorption

15
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