Operations management is an area
of management concerned with designing and
controlling the process of production and
redesigning business operations in the production
of goods or services.[1] It involves the responsibility of
ensuring that business operations are efficient in
terms of using as few resources as needed
and effective in terms of meeting customer
requirements. Operations management is primarily
concerned with planning, organizing and supervising
in the contexts of production, manufacturing or the
provision of services.[2]
It is concerned with managing an entire production
system which is the process that converts inputs (in
the forms of raw materials, labor, and energy) into
outputs (in the form of goods and/or services), or
delivers a product or services.[3] Operations produce
products, manage quality and creates service.
Operation management covers sectors like banking
systems, hospitals, companies, working with
suppliers, customers, and using technology.
Operations is one of the major functions in an
organization along with supply chains, marketing,
finance and human resources. The operations
function requires management of both the strategic
and day-to-day production of goods and services.[4]
Ford Motor car assembly line: the classical example of
a manufacturing production system.
In managing manufacturing or service operations
several types of decisions are made including
operations strategy, product design, process design,
quality management, capacity, facilities planning,
production planning and inventory control. Each of
these requires an ability to analyze the current
situation and find better solutions to improve the
effectiveness and efficiency of manufacturing or
service operations.[5]