.
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&act,
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, or'-
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A cri!'
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+%'r' yo
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c%an"'$ &ro!
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anot%'r/ T%'
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to t%'r'lat'd
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location and
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a.)ational C
ri$e!. *ocal
Cri$e c. +e
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.
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t%at c'rtain
t%in"$ do '-
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t%'r'&or'
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r'al, and$o
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it i$ .
to $ to &ind
and r'$'arc%
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a.)o$ads !.
Realists c
. )o$inalis
tsd. Positi
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T%'y do not
('li')' in
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and la('l
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li0' +itc%
% nt$3a"',
.'r$on, $'-,
c%aract'r,
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a.Positi'ist
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. Deter$inis
ts1.
T%' conc'.t
o& %a)in"
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and %ard
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t%'
('li'&t%'r'
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o t t%'r',
and t%ro "%
t'c%nolo"y
and
t'c%ni5 '$
+' can&ind
o t .o$iti)'
0no+l'd"'
a(o t cri!'/
a.Positi'is
$!. /nti0Po
siti'istsc.
2edonis$ d
. Technolo
y 3.
T%'y do not
('li')'
t%at anyt%in"
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tr t%, &or '-
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not
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( t$ci'nti$t$
do not li0'
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it cannot ('
r'cord'd/
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s c. 4oluntar
ists !./nti0P
ositi'istsd.
Positi'ists5.
T%'y ('li')'
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d't'r!in'd (y
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control,
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(y anint'rnal
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T%'y li0'n
% !an
('%a)ior to
an
it'! 3.%y$ica
l o(2'ct
7li0' a $'t
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ta(l', on'
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a"ain$t
anot%'r4 t%at
can('
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s c. 4oluntar
ists !./nti0P
ositi'ists d.
Positi'ists6.
T%i$ i$ all
a(o t &r''
+ill* action$
t%at ar'
(ro "%t a(o t
(y c%oic'/
T%i$r'lat'$
to t%'
cri!inal (y
d'cidin" i& a
cri!inal
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act a$ t%'y
do,or ar'
t%'y &orc'd
to (y o t$id'
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a.4oluntari
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sts c. )o$i
nalistsd. P
o s i t i ' i s $ 7.
I$ t%' $t dy
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ord'r to &ind
+ay$ to
.r')'nt it/
a.Cri$inolo
y!. Cri$e
science c.
4icti$olo y
d. Cri$ina
lis$
#8.
T%'r' ar'
t%r''
&'at r'$
di$tin" i$%
cri!' $ci'nc'
&ro!
cri!inolo"y,
+%ic%do not
('lon" to t%'
"ro .8
a.It is sin l
e0$inded a!ou
t cuttin cri
$e, rather th
an studyin i
t for itso n
sa"e. !./ccor
din ly it
focuses on
cri$e rather
than
cri$inals.c.I
t is
$ultidiscipli
nary, nota!ly
recruitin
scientific
$ethodolo y r
atherthan
relyin on
social
theory.d.It
co'ers the
hole scope
of e'erythin
re ardin
cri$e.##.
I$ ai!'d
.rinci.ally
at
'l cidatin"
t%'
conn'ction
('t+''n cri!'
and
t%'.'r$onal c
%aract'ri$tic
$ o& t%'
o&&'nd'r
or %i$
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+it%
$.'cialr'&'r'
nc' to t%'
ori"in o&
t%' o&&'n$' 3
'tiolo"y,
"'n'$i$ 4/
a.Cri$inolo
y!. Cri$in
o raphyc. 4
icti$olo y
d. Penolo y
#(.
It !'an$
lit'rary
"'nr'
o& cri!'
&iction ca!'
into ('in"/
a.Cri$inolo
y!. Cri$in
o raphyc. 4
icti$olo y
d. Penolo y
#-.
It int'r.r't$
r'ality
&ro! .r'conc'
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.ro(a(ility/
a.Cri$inolo
y!. Cri$in
o raphyc. 4
icti$olo y
d. Penolo y
# .
I$ a r'$'arc%
+%ic%
d't'r!in'$
t%' r'lation
('t+''n
o&&'nd'r and
t%' )icti!,i$
al$o incl d'd
nd'r
cri!inolo"y8
a.Cri$inolo
y!. Cri$in
o raphyc. 4
icti$olo y
d. Penolo y
