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Comparative Religious Rituals Guide

The document summarizes the key rituals, sacred texts, and gods of several major world religions including Judaism, Islam, Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, and Shintoism. For Judaism, important rituals include bar/bat mitzvahs, marriage ceremonies, and dietary laws. The Tanakh is the core sacred text. For Islam, core rituals are the five daily prayers, fasting, and the hajj pilgrimage. The Quran is the sacred text. Major rituals in Christianity vary by denomination but include baptism, communion, and prayer services; the Bible is the sacred text.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
103 views7 pages

Comparative Religious Rituals Guide

The document summarizes the key rituals, sacred texts, and gods of several major world religions including Judaism, Islam, Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, and Shintoism. For Judaism, important rituals include bar/bat mitzvahs, marriage ceremonies, and dietary laws. The Tanakh is the core sacred text. For Islam, core rituals are the five daily prayers, fasting, and the hajj pilgrimage. The Quran is the sacred text. Major rituals in Christianity vary by denomination but include baptism, communion, and prayer services; the Bible is the sacred text.
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Judaism rituals

 Adulthood: Bat-mitzvah, bar mitzvah.


 Menstrual purification (Mikvah--purification bath)
 Marriage.
 Death and Mourning: Belief in bodily resurrection requires burial;
cremation and embalming prohibited. ...
 Dietary laws (Kosher foods): ...
 Daily prayer: Morning, afternoon and evening
SACRED TEXT OF JUDAISM
Judaism sacred Texts: The Tanach, Mishnah, Talmud and
Midrash. Judaism is the oldest of the Abrahamic religions, and its
primary sacred text is the Tanach, or the Jewish Bible, which is
composed of the Pentateuch (Torah), the Prophets (Nevi'im) and
the Writings (Ketuvim). Tanach is an acronym for these three
books.

GOD OF JUDAISM

Islam rituals
 Shahada, the declaration of faith (Believing in allah and
muhammud himself.
 Salat, the service that takes place five times a day.
 Zakat, a form of alms-giving.
 Sawma-Ei-fil, the fasting in Islam.
 Hajj, the pilgrimage to Mecca.
 Ritual purity in Islam, an essential aspect of Islam

GOD OF ISLAM

SACRES TEXT OF ISLAM


The word "Quran" means "recitation," because the Quran was
first heard in sermons and public readings. Muslims believe it is
still best communicated by being recited. The Quran has been
translated into many languages, but only the Arabic version is
considered authoritative.

Rituals of Christianity
Depending on the specific denomination of Christianity, practices
may include baptism, Eucharist (Holy Communion or the Lord's
Supper), prayer (including the Lord's Prayer), confession,
confirmation, burial rites, marriage rites and the religious
education of children.
GOD OF CHRISTIANITY

SACRED TEXT OFCHRISTIANITY


The sacred text of Christians is the Bible. The Bible consists of
an Old Testament and a New Testament. The Old Testament is
the record of the sacred covenant between God and the people
through Abraham and Moses. The New Testament is the
record of the new Christian covenant through Jesus.

HINDUISM RITUALS
Hindu practices include rituals such as puja (worship) and
recitations, japa, meditation, family-oriented rites of passage,
annual festivals, and occasional pilgrimages.
GOD OF HINDUISM
SACRED TEXT OF HINDUISM
The Vedas. The Vedas, or “Books of Knowledge,” are the
foremost sacred texts in Hinduism. These books, written from
around 1200 BCE to 100 CE, began with four vedas, or mantras:
Rig Veda, Sama Veda, Yajur Veda and Atharva Veda. These
expanded over time to include Brahmanas, Aranyakas and
Upanishads.

RITUALS OF BUDDHISM
Meditation - Mental concentration and mindfulness.
Mantras - Sacred sounds.
Mudras - Symbolic hand gestures.
Prayer Wheels - Reciting mantras with the turn of a wheel.
Monasticism.
Pilgrimage - Visiting sacred sites.

GOD OF BUDDHISM
SACRED TEXT OF BUDDHISM
The Tripitaka (Pali Canon), Mahayana Sutras and the Tibetan
Book of the Dead are three major noncanonical Buddhist texts.
The Pali Canon, which means “the word of Buddha,” includes
some of the Buddha's discourse, but it also incorporates the
teachings of his pupils.

RITUALS OF TAOISM
The rituals involve the priest (and assistants) in chanting and
playing instruments (particularly wind and percussion), and also
dancing. One major Taoist ritual is the chiao (jiao), a rite of
cosmic renewal, which is itself made up of several rituals.

GOD OF TAOISM

SACRED TEXT OF TAOISM


Like most philosophies or religions, Taoism has its very own
canon, or collection of sacred texts. The most important text of
Taoism is the Tao-te Ching. Believed to be authored by Lao-tzu,
the first man to receive the inspiration of the Tao, these texts have
no definitive date of origin.

RITUALS OF CONFUCIANISM
In this segment, we introduce the three basic concepts of
Confucian culture: Li or ritual etiquette, Ren or benevolence, and
Tao. In the Confucian view, the variety of practiced rituals
maintains the balance of society. Benevolence is the core of the
ritual because only with benevolence one can truly observe li.

GOD OF CONFUCIANISM

SACRED TEXT OF CONFUCISANISM


The Five Classics consists of the Book of Odes, Book of
Documents, Book of Changes, Book of Rites, and the Spring and
Autumn Annals. The Four Books are comprised of the Doctrine of
the Mean, the Great Learning, Mencius, and the Analects.

RITUALS OF SHINTOISM
Purification - this takes place before the main ceremony.
Adoration - bowing to the altar.
Opening of the sanctuary.
Presentation of food offerings (meat cannot be used as an
offering)

GOD OF SHINTOISM
SACRED TEXT OF SHINTOISM
The holy books of Shinto are the Kojiki or 'Records of Ancient
Matters' (712 CE) and the Nihon-gi or 'Chronicles of Japan' (720
CE). These books are compilations of ancient myths and
traditional teachings that had previously been passed down orally.

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