10/09/2019 5 Personality Traits - Infographic

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Big Five Personality Traits

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   Anna Vital     < Nov 28' 18 >

How can you scienti cally measure your personality?

Today there are at least 2 ways to do it: the personality
types and the personality traits. Here are the big ve
Latest
personality traits:

The 16 Personality Types by

Myers-Briggs and Keirsey

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Vinci - Infographic

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In 1990, this way of measuring a personality was

popularized by  John Digman.

Today many psychologists believe The Big Five

personality traits, acronymed OCEAN, and also known as
“the ve-factor model” or FFM, su ciently describe the
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reality of humanity: neuroticism, extraversion, openness

to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness.

By the way, you can take the test here.

In no particular order, the ve personality traits are:

How Elon Musk Started -

Openness to experience Infographic Biography

A degree of intellectual curiosity, creativity, and a

preference for novelty.
Openness is measured on a continuum from curious to
cautious. Being curious also results in being inventive.
Being cautious in turn leads to being consistent. People
who are open tend to show their emotions, appreciation
for art, and unconventional ideas. This tendency leads to
having strong personal preferences for a variety of How Mark Zuckerberg
activities over a disciplined routine. In the extreme, Started - Infographic

though, openness leads to unpredictability and high-risk Biography

behaviors.

Conscientiousness
A tendency to be organized and dependable.
Conscientiousness is measured on a continuum
from organized to careless. Being organized in turn
results in a persona who is e cient. Being careless gives How Bill Gates Started -
the bene t (or the disadvantage, depending on your Infographic Biography
point of view) of being easy-going. Highly conscientious
people prefer making plans to spontaneous behavior. In
the extreme, conscientiousness looks like stubbornness.
Low conscientiousness looks like exibility and
spontaneity at best and sloppiness at worst.

Extraversion
A tendency to seek the company of others and
talk.
Extraversion is measured on a continuum from energetic Designing Infographics
to reserved. Being energetic allows a person to be That Bring Traffic And Sell
outgoing. Being reserved leads to a solitary type of
personality. Extraverted people tend to feel most
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energetic when they are in the company of others. They

re-charge by interacting and talking. In the extreme,
extraversion is seen as attention-seeking. Low
extraversion results in a re ective personality. Too much
of this behavior makes one look self-absorbed. Generally,
extraverts appear more dominant in social settings
compared to introverts.

Agreeableness
A measure of one’s trusting and helpful nature.
Agreeableness is measured on a continuum from
compassionate to challenging. We see compassionate
people as friendly. They seem to cooperate with us.
Detached people appear to challenge us. In general, they
seem suspicious towards others. In the extreme,
agreeableness looks like naïveté or even submissiveness.
In the opposite extreme, low agreeableness looks like
competitiveness which can be seen as “being di cult” or
untrustworthy.

Neuroticism
Predisposition to psycological stress.
Neuroticism is measured on a spectrum from
nervous to con dent. Nervousness in turns allows for
sensitivity; while con dence allows one to feel secure.
Sensitive people tend to experience anger, anxiety,
depression, and psychological stress in general. At its
high extreme, neuroticism manifests itself as a reactive
and excitable personality with high energy but at the
same time, it can be perceived as unstable. On the other
end of the spectrum, high stability looks like a calm
personality while at the same time being uninspiring and
unconcerned.

You might ask how out of all possible personality traits

these ve would somehow be the most important.
As you see in the infographic, this theory is not about 5
speci c traits, but about 5 polarities. In other words, each

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of the 5 traits points to a continuum between 2 extremes,

for example: curious and cautious. In between these
extremes there is quite literary an in nite number of
possible traits, that would make one either more curious
or more cautious.
That’s why in making this diagram it was important to
show the essential part of this theory which is the
spectrum or the continuum or the gradation between 2
opposite qualities of the same personality trait.

In this chart, it was also important to show that every

personality trait has a ipside, like the other side of the
same coin. For example, if someone is easygoing, which
seems like a good thing, they are also careless. If
someone is consistent, they are also cautious. These
traits are positioned on the opposite sides of each circle
to show that they de ne the same personality traits, just
from di erent perspectives.
Why does this diagram look like a wheel?
When I make an infographic, the process starts with
nding the relationship between the categories. What
de nes a good infographic is the ability of the author to
show you the relationships without overwhelming you
with the detail. So, how do these big 5 personality traits
relate to each other? Is one of them more important? If
yes, that would be a hierarchy, which would call for a tree
diagram. Does one come before the other? If yes, this
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chart would be a timeline. But in this case, all personality

traits are equal and they come in no particular order.
That’s why it is a circular diagram.

__________

 Personality: What Makes You the Way

You Are by  Daniel Nettle. The core of
the book discusses in depth the “big
ve” traits: extraversion, neuroticism,
conscientious, agreeableness, and
openness. The author illustrates each
trait with a portrait of a real-life
person who exhibits it showing the complexity of how
these 5 traits combine to di erent degrees to form a
personality.

There is an alternative system to the personality traits

structure altogether: the personality types. While a
person can possess several traits, they can only be
assigned one type. The most common competing theory
to the Big 5 Personality traits is the 16 Personality types
by Meyers-Briggs based on  Carl Jung‘s original
classi cation.

Since the times of  Hippocrates, humans have tried to

nd a system to structure all people into types.
Hippocrates (460–370 BC) observed that people can
generally be organized into four categories that he called
“humors”: black bile, yellow bile, phlegm, and blood.
Next, Galen (AD 129 – c. 200) developed the rst typology
of temperament in his dissertation “De temperamentis”,
and searched for physiological reasons for di erent
behaviors in humans. Galen named them “sanguine”,
“choleric”, “melancholic” and “phlegmatic” after the bodily
humors.

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Read more on: psychology

Written by Anna Vital

Adioma Founder and Information

Designer

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