Scribd
Upload
211 views2 pages

Protozoans

This document summarizes various protozoans including sarcomastigophorans like amoebas and flagellates, ciliophorans like ciliates, and apicomplexans. It describes key structures and features of these protozoans like their locomotory organelles, habitats, life cycles, pathogenic species, and methods for examining stool samples for their detection. Major pathogenic protozoans discussed include Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia, Trichomonas vaginalis, and Balantidium coli.

Uploaded by

JonathanPayongayong
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
211 views2 pages

Protozoans

This document summarizes various protozoans including sarcomastigophorans like amoebas and flagellates, ciliophorans like ciliates, and apicomplexans. It describes key structures and features of these protozoans like their locomotory organelles, habitats, life cycles, pathogenic species, and methods for examining stool samples for their detection. Major pathogenic protozoans discussed include Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia, Trichomonas vaginalis, and Balantidium coli.

Uploaded by

JonathanPayongayong
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

PROTOZOANS

Flagellates
• Axoneme: root/intracellular part of the flagellum
• Axostyle: sheet of microtubules
A. Phylum Sarcomastigophora
Rodlike structure that fxns in cellular support
Sexual reproduction
• Kinetosome: granule to which the flagellum
• Subphylum Sarcodina: Amoeba
• Cytosome: cell mouth
Locomotory: pseudopodia (false foot) - Habitat:
• Cytopyge: cell anus
intestinal tract (majority), CNS
• Subphylum Mastigophora: Flagellates - All are commensal except G. lamblia, D,
Locomotory: flagella - Habitat: intestinal lumen, fragilis, and T. vaginalis
mouth, vagina, blood - All are inhabitants of large intestine/spleen
except G. lamblia & Trichomonas spp.
B. Phylum Ciliophora: Ciliates - Only Trichomonas has tropho as infective stage
Distinct cytosome (mouth) structure Dimorphic Classifications:
nuclei - macronucleus and micronucleus
Large intestine - Balantidium coli 1. Intestinal Flagellates
**Giardia lamblia – G. intestinalis / G.
C. Phylum Apicomplexa duodenalis
Usually No Cilia and Flagella - Special structure: Cyst
apical complex for penetrating host cells Patho: Giardiasis/lambliasis, diarrhea, dehydration
Plasmodium, Babesia, Toxoplasma, etc. abdominal pain, steatorrhea (fats greater than 5g
sa stool), traveler’s diarrhea
AMOEBA Trophozoite:
Pseudopodia – footlike projection “old man’s eyeglasses” tear drop shape, 2
Karyosome- Are of chromatin w/i nucleus axonemes; Axostyle-midrib structure for support
Cyst – non-motile, infective s., sa formed stool **Chilomastix mesnili – American Lemon cyst
Trophozoite – vegetative/feeding stage, bla Entromonas hominis, Retortamonas intestinalis
Dientamoeba fragilis
Classifications 2. Urogenital Flagellates
1. Intestinal: Pathogenic Trichomonas vaginalis, T. tenax (mouth)
**E. histolytica – naka /E. dispar pag reporting Ciliates – Balantidium coli
Often with charcott-leyden crystals, mostly Cilia, macronucleus – bean shape, micronucleus
asymptotic, similar din kay E. moshkovskii – small nucleus. IH – pigs; at risk: hog raisers,
Non-pathogenic treatment: metronidazole
**E. coli – Dirty cytoplasm (table) Blastocystis Hominis
**Endolimax nana – CN – “cross eyed cyst”, -previously classifies as yeast, usually asymptotic
smallest amoeba, peripherally nucleated cyst forms: vacuolated/granular/amoeboid form
**Iodamoeba butschlii – CN – “iodine cyst” MOT – ingestions, habitat: small intestine
(cyst)Rarely binucleated -> nucleus at periphery,
amoeba of pigs Stool exam (ova and parasite exam)
E. gingivalis - no cyst stage – no encystation 1. Direct fecal smear
lives on the surface of gum and teeth not sa large 2. Concentration techniques - Formalin Ether
intestine, gotten through kissing, sharing Concentration Technique (FECT)
utensils, not through ingestion/fecal-oral route 3. Permanent stained smears
E. dispar, E. polecki - Iron hematoxylin
2. Free-living (pweds CNS) – - Trichrome stain
Acanthamoeba and Naegleria

Cyst stage
Trophozoite stage

Flagellates

Balantidium coli (Ciliophora/ciliate)

You might also like