NATIONAL HOUSING SUPPLY, DEMMAND & PROBLEMS

Housing together with food, water and companionship is the basic

necessity of every human being. Everybody wants protection at home, which
offers security and protects people from harmful elements. It also offers better
quality of life and well-being for its people as well as greater chances of having
good standards of health. In addition, housing is considered the prerequisite for
each person of a nation to create. As acknowledged by international human
rights law, adequate housing is one of people's rights to attain living standards.
One of the challenges facing our nation is to provide affordable and decent
housing units with basic utilities and services to their residents.

For many Filipinos, it was a rather elusive dream to realize the vision of
having and owning a decent house that could be called a home. Although a
number of housing programs have been introduced by the government over the
past three decades, the housing issue has not yet been answered; and the
difference between the housing needs of the people and the housing supply
seems to have not been narrowed, let alone eliminated. The root causes are
complex. The most that can be said about the situation is that it was the product
of many interrelated factors such as rapid population growth, inadequate
housing services, fragmented housing approach, low income rates and savings,
etc.

Government housing sector agencies completed 86,185 socialized housing

units in 2017 and nearly 55,483 low-cost housing units. Recurring problems,
however, persisted, such as (a) low budget utilization; (b) imbalance in housing
demand and supply; and (c) risks to natural and human-induced disasters.
Therefore, the need to implement strategies such as (a) adopting frameworks for
sustainable communities; (b) implementing measures to resolve operational issues
related to government housing projects; (c) implementing housing reforms; and
(d) strengthening partnerships between stakeholders to enhance shelter
responsiveness in natural and man-made disasters (See Figure 12.1)

Socioeconomic Planning Secretary Ernesto Pernia pointed out that housing

needs of the country remain a “challenge”, estimated totaling around 6.8 million
units for 2017 to 2022, amid rapid population growth, urbanization and rural-urban
migration.
 “As of December 2016, we still have a housing backlog of more than two
million,” he said Thursday night during the launch of joint venture company PHirst
Park Homes Inc. established by the Century Properties Group Inc. and global
business enterprise Mitsubishi Corporation.

Pernia, also director general of National Economic and Development

Authority (NEDA), said the housing sector launched last year the BALAI Filipino
program, which stands for “Building Adequate, Livable, Affordable and Inclusive”
Filipino Communities.

He said BALAI Filipino is the Duterte administration’s 10-year national

housing program strategy to close the country’s housing gap with key shelter
agencies working closely together.

“The program aims to improve the government’s efforts in addressing

Filipino’s housing needs with the private sector playing a significant and pivotal
role and this is exactly exemplifies by the sharing, by the cooperation between
Century and Mitsubishi Corp.,” he added.

Pernia also lauded the joint venture firm for its target of delivering 20,000
homes annually by 2020, which he considered a “significant giant step in helping
address the country’s housing problem.” (PNA)
MANILA

Metropolitan Manila officially the National Capital Region (NCR), is the seat
of government and one of the three defined metropolitan areas of the
Philippines. It is composed of 16 cities namely: the City of Manila, Quezon City,
Caloocan, Las Piñas, Makati, Malabon, Mandaluyong, Marikina, Muntinlupa,
Navotas, Parañaque, Pasay, Pasig, San Juan, Taguig, and Valenzuela, as well as
the municipality of Pateros. The region encompasses an area of 619.57-square-
kilometer (239.22 sq mi) and has a population of 12,877,253 as of 2015. It is the
second most populous and the most densely populated region of the Philippines.
It is also the 9th most populous metropolitan area in Asia and the 5th most
populous urban area in the world.

The 2009-2016 National Urban Development and Housing Framework

(NUDHF) considers the housing problem severe and is a trend that is
predominantly urban. Defined as the housing backlog plus new households, the
magnitude of housing needs is huge and is expected to reach about 5.8 million
housing units in 2016 (Social Development Chapter). The cumulative backlog was
estimated to reach in Metro Manila is 496,928 housing units. Innovative and high-
density housing strategies are required if the housing deficit is to be effectively
addressed.

The housing shortage is visible in the urban area's proliferation of slums and
informal settlements. Recent estimates indicate that slum dwellers are more than
one-third of urban populations. There were roughly 581,059 informal settlers in
Metro Manila (HUDCC data as of 26 July 2010). Such neighborhoods are marked
by unsafe environments, pollution and inadequate access to basic urban
infrastructure (e.g., health centers, education, waste disposal, safe supply of
water). Resettlement and resettlement programs have been introduced but have
achieved limited success in providing many of the displaced people with housing,
livelihood opportunities and appropriate services.

In Metro Manila, between 2000 and 2006, households in informal

settlements increased by over 81 percent. With the projected continuation of rural
urban migration and six out of ten Filipinos living in urban areas, addressing the
housing issue needs to be integrated within a wider environmentally sustainable
urban development context. While the MDGs on access to safe drinking water
and sanitary sanitation have already been reached, land use and sustainable
housing technologies can only be discussed within an adaptation action plan
involving disaster risk management.
CAVITE

Cavite has been a major powerhouse in the country leading to its

development over the past few years. Cavite is considered one of the largest and
fastest growing provinces, even in terms of population. As of August 1, 2015,
Cavite reported a total population of 3,678,301 people growing at a rate of 3.37
percent between 2010 and 2015 making it the most populous province in the
Philippines based on the POPCEN 2015. This was lower by 587,610 people
compared to the count of 3,090,691 people in the 2010 Population and Housing
Census (CPH 2010). It was also noted that there is an increase in the population
of about 34 people added per 1,000 people per year. By contrast, the value at
which the province’s population grew during the period1990 to 2000 and 2000 to
2010 went up at 5.99 percent and 4.12 percent, respectively. The summary of
population in Cavite in the last four censuses is shown below.

As far as legislative districts are concerned, the 6th district was top of the list
of the most populated districts in Cavite, largely due to the effect of immigration
resulting from the opening of various resettlement housing projects that mainly
accommodated Metro Manila informal settlers. It was followed by Cavite's most
populous city, which is also the lone district, the 4th district. As reported in the last
three censuses, the City of Dasmariñas continues to grow steadily. The third most
populous district was Bacoor City's 2nd District. It was also due to the housing
projects located in the city. Moreover, the 1st District recorded the lowest
population in Cavite in terms of legislative districts. It can be due to congestion in
some areas like Cavite City (Figure 3.2).

In addition, the provincial government is encouraging the construction of

large-scale housing projects that would satisfy various markets. Cavite also offers
resettlement sites to help eligible families who may be impacted by the
demolition undertakings undertaken by the provincial government to protect
those who have built residential structures in the defined danger zones and have
right-of-way encroached roads. The Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board
(HLURB) is the country’s primary government agency tasked with providing
technical support in matters including, but not limited to: housing regulations, land
development and homeowners associations, and settlement of land disputes.
HLURB operates via a triad of strategies: policy development, planning and
regulation. Its services cater to home buyers, developers, homeowners
associations, brokers and local government units. HLURB, being the national
government agency responsible in issuing Certificate of Registration and License
to sell to real estate developers have issued a total of 80 permits to nine (9)
municipalities and six (6) cities of the province. Cavite has a total of 29,727 lots
and housing units approved for selling in 2017. These units were distributed into
Lots, House and Lots and Lots/Unit as reported by the HLURB. City of Gen. Trias,
with the most number of units at 10,140, was issued twenty five (25) licenses,
followed by Tanza with 6,459 units, City of Dasmariñas with 3,640 units, and Naic
with 2,469 units (Table 3.50).

Resettlement Housing Projects In accordance with RA 7279, the National

Housing Authority (NHA) is the national agency that provides technical and other
forms of assistance to local government units (LGUs) in the implementation of their
housing programs; to undertake identification, acquisition and disposition of lands
for socialized housing; and to undertake relocation and resettlement of families
with local government units. NHA and the Provincial Government of Cavite are
partners in providing low-cost and socialized housing in the province. NHA
manages 36 resettlement projects with 91,213 units in Cavite. Dasmariñas Bagong
Bayan Resettlement Project, NHA’s biggest resettlement housing project in
Cavite, has 24,750 housing units. It is followed by General Mariano Alvarez
Resettlement Project and Bulihan Sites and Services Project with 11,969 units and
5,275 units, respectively. These resettlement housing projects were constructed for
the informal settlers from Metro Manila, displaced families from the Railway
Development Projects and other danger zones, and for the families who were
affected by the Pasig River Rehabilitation Program. Employees of different LGUs,
including PNP employees and other military personnel and public school
teachers, as well as informal settle
 In addition, the provincial government purchased and developed
resettlement sites intended for the families that were affected by the clearing
operations conducted by the province. As of 2017, a total of 6.9305 hectares of
land were acquired in the municipality of Kawit for the resettlement of the
displaced families. It has a total of 1,389 lots that provided shelter to 992
households in various barangays in Kawit. Meanwhile, a total of 336 lots are not
yet occupied by beneficiaries of the project (Table 3.52).
TANZA, CAVITE

The lowland municipality of Tanza is a first class municipality in the

Province of Cavite, Region IV-A (CALABARZON), It is bounded by the municipality
of Rosario to the north; the municipality of General Trias to the east; by Trece
Martirez City and the municipality of Naic to the south; and the Manila Bay on
the west.

Many private developers have put up several economic and socialized

housing projects throughout the Municipality. Many of these were built as part
of the 20% compliance under the National Shelter`s Program`s “balanced of
housing strategy”. Although there are lots of low cost housing available in the
municipality, still some of the local residents could not afford to own one due to
financial problems. These problems result to squatting. These families from other
provinces could be found along the coastline area , which results to sanitation
problem.

Eventually, issues on pollution and traffic; and support facilities for housing
like roads, water, power and drainage should be looked into the future
development of the municipality. With the municipality`s commitment to provide
a decent living for its less fortunate residents, it had initiated several programs for
the urban poor. It had coordinated with the National Housing Authority (NHA)
for the Land Acquisition Program and private entities to provide housing projects
for its people.
EXISTING COMPLETED HOUSING PROJECTS/SUBDIVISIONS IN TANZA, CAVITE

Springfield view (Sahud-Ulan) Westwood Place (Paradahan I)

Southcrest Hills (Calibuyo) Greenville Homes (Sahud-Ulan)

Nusa Dua Farm Estate (Paradahan 2) Carissa Homes (Punta I)

 Based on my observations, the housing supply and demand for Tanza
citizens is somehow enough. However due to the robust economic growth of our
municipality, accessibility to manila and potential network of businesses, the
demand for affordable housing is increasing for workers coming form EPZA-
Rosario, Manila workers and migrated families flocks into our town. Therefore, the
rise of housing developers and housing programs is evidently seen for the last
couple of years. Below are the list of housing problems in our town.

 Inadequate open spaces in subdivisions

Monterra, Lhinette Homes& Landmas Subdvs. Springtown, Bucal, Tanza, Cavite

Biga Tanza, Cavite

 Interlocked chain of houses which can cause major fire damage

Daang Amaya I, Tanza, Cavite Biwas, Tanza, Cavite

  Informal Settlers

Throughout our country, informal settlers is really an issue. In our town, there
are many of them but their relocation is not yet determined. Speaking from my
family, we have our lots in various places in our town that is settled by informal
settlers. Although it is not in our hands to determine what place they should settle
next because of our possible buyer land acquisition, we still are concerned for
their lives was already established on our land.

With this, I think it is essential to plan a separate program for them that will
meet their needs and the government support.

REFERENCES:

 CAVITE ECOLOGICAL PROFILE 2017

 TANZA, CAVITE COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN
 Gatpolintan, L (2018) Private sector vital in addressing housing need:
NEDA Retrieved from : https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1048816
 Ortiguerro R. (2018) State of the Philippine real estate Retrieved from:
https://www.bworldonline.com/state-of-the-philippine-real-estate/
 HUDCC Philippines Development Plan on Shelter Retrieved from:
http://www.hudcc.gov.ph/content/plans