Punctuation Marks
Punctuation marks are symbols that are used to aid the clarity and comprehension of
 written language. Some common punctuation marks are the period, comma, question
           mark, exclamation point, apostrophe, quotation mark and hyphen.
Punctuation Marks    Symbol                Definition                       Example
                                  An apostrophe is used as a
                               substitute for a missing letter or
                                   letters in a word (as in the       I can't see the cat's
                                contraction cannot = can't), to                tail.
 apostrophe                    show the possessive case (Jane's         Dot your i's and
                        '         room), and in the plural of            cross your t's.
                                  letters, some numbers and
                                abbreviations. Note: groups of           100's of years.
                                  years no longer require an
                                 apostrophe (for example, the
                                        1950s or the 90s).
                                A colon is used before a list or        There are many
                                            quote.                    punctuation marks:
                                                                        period, comma,
                        :      A colon is used to separate hours       colon, and others.
                                          and minutes
     colon                                                              The time is 2:15.
                                 A colon is used to separate
                                 elements of a mathematical           The ratio of girls to
                                             ratio.                      boys is 3:2.
  comma                          A comma is used to separate           She bought milk,
                        ,          phrases or items in a list.         eggs, and bread
                                                                         The dash is also
                                                                       known as an "em
                               A dash is used to separate parts        dash" because it is
      dash
                       —                of a sentence.                    the length of a
                                                                      printed letter m — it
                                                                         is longer than a
                                                                              hyphen.
    ellipsis                   An ellipsis (three dots) indicates
                       ...      that part of the text has been
                                 intentionally been left out.            0, 2, 4, ... , 100
  exclamation           !      An exclamation point is used to
                              show excitement or emphasis.
     point                                                                  It is cold!
    hyphen                     A hyphen is used between parts         The sixteen-year-old
                        -      of a compound word or name. It           girl is a full-time
                                 is also used to split a word by             student.
                                syllables to fit on a line of text.
                                  Parentheses are curved lines
                               used to separate explanations or
                                 qualifying statements within a        This sentence (like
parentheses                    sentence (each one of the curved       others on this page)
                                                                           contains a
                     lines is called a parenthesis). The       parenthetical
                ()    part in the parentheses is called          remark.
                          a parenthetical remark.
   period            A period is used to note the end         I see the house.
                .       of a declarative sentence.
question mark         A question mark is used at the        When are we going?
                ?          end of a question.
                     Quotation marks are used at the
                     beginning and end of a phrase to
                       show that it is being written        She said, "Let's eat."
  quotation
    mark        "    exactly as it was originally said or
                              written.
                        A semicolon separates two           Class was canceled
                         independent clauses in a            today; Mr. Smith
                           compound sentence.                 was home sick.
 semicolon
                ;       A semicolon is also used to            Relatives at the
                     separate items in a series (where      reunion included my
                       commas are already in use).           older brother, Bob;
                                                             my cousin, Art; and
                                                               my great-aunt,
                                                                   Mattie.