EFFECTS OF WELDING VARIABLES
SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING GAS METAL ARC WELDING
Electrode wire Push Angle Push Angle
(Filler Metal)
Travel direction Electrode Travel direction
Coating
Arc Length (Flux) Electrical
Slag Shielding Gas Stickout (ESO)
Protective gas from Solidified
Solidified Electrode Coating Weld Metal
Weld Metal
Drag Angle
A. Proper current, travel speed & arc length E. Arc length too long A. Proper wire speed (WFS), voltage, E. ESO too long
B. Current too low F. Travel speed too slow electrical stickout (ESO) & travel speed F. Travel speed too slow
C. Current too high G. Travel speed too fast B. WFS too low G. Travel speed too fast
D. Arc length too short C. WFS too high H. Inadequate gas coverage
D. ESO too short
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