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Deepwater Basins in Eastern Coast of India

The document discusses sedimentary basins along the eastern coast of India. It notes that sedimentary basins form over long periods of time from sediment and organic materials transported by wind, water, and ocean currents. They preserve important information about Earth's geological and environmental history. India contains 26 categorized sedimentary basins, including deepwater basins off its eastern and western coasts totaling over 1.35 million square kilometers. The geological evolution of eastern India's basins was influenced by the collision of India and Asia and the drainage patterns of major eastward flowing river systems. This resulted in variable sedimentation histories and depositional styles along the eastern margin. While western offshore reservoirs are generally carbonates, eastern offshore reservoirs are mainly

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82 views2 pages

Deepwater Basins in Eastern Coast of India

The document discusses sedimentary basins along the eastern coast of India. It notes that sedimentary basins form over long periods of time from sediment and organic materials transported by wind, water, and ocean currents. They preserve important information about Earth's geological and environmental history. India contains 26 categorized sedimentary basins, including deepwater basins off its eastern and western coasts totaling over 1.35 million square kilometers. The geological evolution of eastern India's basins was influenced by the collision of India and Asia and the drainage patterns of major eastward flowing river systems. This resulted in variable sedimentation histories and depositional styles along the eastern margin. While western offshore reservoirs are generally carbonates, eastern offshore reservoirs are mainly

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Sharan
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© © All Rights Reserved
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DEEPWATER BASINS IN EASTERN COAST OF INDIA

SEDIMENTARY BASINS:
Sedimentary basins are formed as the result of sediment and organic materials that have been
transported by wind, rivers, and ocean current over a large period of time. They come in a variety
of shapes and sizes. The basins are of two major importance that include the preservation of unique
information regarding the past details of tectonic, biologic, oceanographic and atmospheric evets
during Earth’s evolution and secondly it is important as it provides the source for most of the fuel
and water and many of the mineral resources that are important for the society and industrial
civilization. In India there are in total of 26 sedimentary basins ranging from Category I to
Category V. In addition to this there are basins in the deep-waters of Eastern and Western coast of
India which amounts to about 1350000sq.kms in area.

GEOLOGICAL EVOLUTION OF THE EASTCOAST BASIN:


The India–Asia collision history and subsequent development of Fan systems, the drainage pattern
of major east flowing river system, resulted in large variations in the sedimentation history and
depositional style along both these margins. These variations significantly impacted the
development of offshore reservoirs at
the margins. While the reservoirs in the
western offshore are generally
carbonates, in the eastern offshore, these
are mainly sands. The evolution of the
east coast of India from the Permian up
to the end of the Cretaceous is traced.
Peninsular India had an imprint of
Hercynian epeirogeny, manifested in the
formation of some regional geo-fracture
and rift systems. The east coast basins
(Mahanadi, Godavari-Krishna, Palar
and Cauvery Basins) are Pericratonic.
The structural style and regional trends
during the Jurassic are northeast-
southwest. The basin architecture during
the Late Jurassic is of horst-graben type.
The close of the Mesozoic was marked
by regional easterly regression, basinal
tilt and formation of monoclinal post-
Mesozoic sedimentary cover. The oldest sequence in these basins is of Permian age and is known
in the Palar Basin. The Triassic sediments are not known in the land area. From the faunistic and
floristic evidence, the Uppermost Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous (Gondwana) sediments are paralic.
The occurrence of marine Permian palynofossils in the Indian east coast sediments points to the
presence of a narrow paleo-shelf to the east prior to the break-up and drift of Gondwanaland. The
structural grain and basin architecture of the pre-drift and post-drift basins of the east coast of India
are similar to that of the western and northwestern coastal basins of Australia. Permian sediments
probably were extensive and have since been eroded. Such a pattern of erosion of Permian beds
probably also is observed in northwestern Australia. The most favored fit of Western Australia
against northern India does not conform to the regional geotectonic pattern and the nature of
sediments that are present in India and the Australian counterparts. In addition to geological
evidence, paleo-biological evidence was considered which favors the juxtaposition of the east
coast of India with Western Australia. Paleomagnetic interpretations, which have of late gained
importance, fail to explain the pre-drift geological similarities of the east coast of India and western
coast of Australia.

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