FLEET — ay 72nd Fleet Rules, Page 2 Table of Contents 4.0 Introduction ...... 3 44.0 Damag: ist 20 Game aati 3 Ill How Damage Occurs. 24 2.2 Game Questions». 3113 Air Unit Damage in 233 Playing Pieces. 3 Bombing Combat 24 2.4 Abbreviations 5 42.0 Special Units . 24 ’ of Play.» 7 12.1 Aloft Carers 20.0024 se sh 12.2 Airborne Early Warning (ABW) Air Units 4 BASIC GAME RULES 12.3 Bleeronic Warfare (EW) 4.0 The Action Phase . 8 ot ae a 44.1 The Action Segments § 180 Introductory Scenarios. .25 44.2 Unit Activation - § 13.1 Scenario 1: Standing Naval 443 Limitations on Activation 2... Force Alantic .-.0-...++...25 44 What Activated Units 13.2 Seenaio 2: Sink the Can Do 8 Boomers! 25 4.5. The Action Seanent Prac 11/9 13.3 Scenario 3: Into the Jaws of 4.6 Fords 9 the Backfire 26 134 Seenaro 4: Dama the Sie an ive 8 Torpedoes i ‘5:2 Surface Unit Movement .......9 13.5 Scenario $: The Big Stick ...28 5:3 Submarine Unit Movement 10 oe 10 INTERMEDIATE GAME RULES ‘Stac ie! 44.0 Airfields and Ports.......30 60 Stacking . 10M Attacking Airfields and 6.1 Stacking Restrictions " pans o 62 Groups eels Snes > 70 strategic Ak Missions .....42 48,0 infermeote Scenarios 24 7.1 Mission Eligibility 1a Ot, etineraese omy 7.2 Interception Mission 2 oe a 73 Reconmissance Missions |---.13 45,9 Sout sass Way. a Si Tae Cocetaetoa: 1513 Scenario 8; The Battle of Missions 1B ce a ines to bat 1341544 Scenario 9: NATO 8.0 Combat Air Patrol (CAP)...44 Resurgent 35 1 How to Perform CAP «18 8.2 CAP and Aicso-Air Combat 14 8.3 CAP and SSM Combat . 8.4 Returning to Base 9.0 Detection . ‘9.1 Detection Zones 9.2 Placement of Detection Markers. 9.3 Detection Restrictions. ‘9.4 Effects of Detection 9.5 Removing Detection Markers 40.0 Combat . 10.1 Initiating Combat © 10.2 Combat Values 10.3 Torpedo Combat 10.4 Surface-to-Surface Missiie (88M) Combat 10.5 Bombing Combat 10.6 Anti-Submarine Wariare (ASW) Combat 10.7 Airto-Air Combat 10.8 Combat and Base Hexes 248 ‘15 ADVANCED GAME RULES “1546.0 Time of Year . +15 16.1 Darkness 1516.2 Drift lor. ts 4700 Weather ........++ 16 48.0 Invasion of NATO Bases . .38 +16 “18.1 Invasion Heres 38 18.2 Amphibious Assaults... ..38 16 18.3 Parachute Assaults 39 184 Commando Assaults |... 39 48 18.5 Control of NATO Buses, ...40 1 490 Sound Surveillance System 1 GOSUS) Hexes .... vat 19.1 Units Affected by 9 SOSUS Hexes . 41 31 19.2 Bifects of SOSUS Hexes ...41 20.0 Logistics (Optional) ......42 22 20.1 The Logistics Rosters. ......42 522 20.2 Surface Units and Ammunition 23 Expenditure “42 20.3 Submarines and Ammunition Expenditure... 204 Air Units and Ammunition Expenditure 20.5 Movement and Logistics 20.6 Repleaishment 20:7 Out of Fuel/Ammo Markers 44 21.9 Tactical Nuclear Wartare (Optional) .. Ad 21.1 Ava ‘Weapons 44 2 Use of Nuclear Weapons 44 3 First Use of Nuclear ‘Weapons 45 22.0 Deep Mode (Optional) .. .45 22.1 How to Enter Deep Mode ...45 22.2 Effects of Deep Mode... .45 23.0 Mines (Optional) 23.1 Mine Placement 23.2 Effects of Mines 23.3 Minesweeping .. 24,0 Optional Rules 24.1 Crise Missiles 24.2 The US Bel Air Unit 47 24.3 Alternate Air Wings on US ‘Aireraft Carriers a 24.4 Future Combatants 47 24.5 Soviet “Tatletales” a7 24.6 High Speeds .....- a7 24.7 Inereased Movement for Air Units... a 24.8 Variable SSM Targeting... .-47 24.9 Close Combat 48 25.0 Political and Random Events. . 25.1 Armistice 25.2 Random Events 25.3 Special Events 26.0 Reinforcements .... 26.1 Availability of Reinforcements 50 26.2 Placement of Reinforcements 50 27.0 Soviet strategy. 50 ‘27.1 Effects of Soviet Siatery 50 272 Escalation {30 28.0 Advanced Game Scenario... aoe 28.1 Guine Length... cev. cS 28.2 Preparedness Levels St 28.3 Deployment 3 28.4 NATO First Game Turn Restrictions st 285 Victory Cor St 28.6 Levels of 33 Situation Analysis 54 Miltary Forces ... 87 ‘Cover Painting: The Soviet carrier, Ki racelves a hit in its Island structure,4.0 Introduction 2p Fuser i a simulation of comtemporary naval warfare inthe North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans, In turns representing ight hours of realtime, the players maneuver surface warships, submarines, squadrons of combat ateraft, amphibious assault, vessels, and cargo ships ona detailed map ofthe region stretch ing from Greenland tothe Soviet Union. A hexagonal grid has ‘been superimposed over the map and each hex equals 46 nautical miles. Sections 40 through 12.0 teach players basie movement and combat rules; the five scenarios in Seton 13.0 allow the players to use these ules in simple, shor games. Section 14,0 introduces some additional rules that are used in the four Intermediate Scenarios (Section 15.0) andthe Advanced Geme. Sections 16.0, through 28.0 describe the Advanced Game, which isthe most realistic and complex scenario, Note to Owners of Sixth Fleet: 2sn Fixer uses many of the game mechanics from SixtH FLeer, However, there are many differences between the systems ofthe two games, end players should read the rules to 2ND Fier thoroughly ‘No link-up scenario between 2D Fer and Sierit FLeey is included. Players who own both games may wish to create their own scenarios, Hexes 2601, 2602, 2603 ofthe west map of Soerit Fuser (the Aantc Zone) are 16 hexes from any southernmost ex of the British Isles Zone and 20 hexes from any southernmost bex ofthe Nort Atlantic Zone in 2ND FLEET This recommended that players use the Sori FLEEy rules when playing any portion ofa senario on the Sxtit Feet maps and the 2ND Fier rules when playing on the 2D FLEET maps 2.0 Game Equipment 2.4 GAME COMPONENTS. A complete game of 2b Fixer contains these items * One Rules Booklet © Two 22-inch by 32-inch Mapsheets * Two Sets of 192 %-inch Playing Pieces (Counters) * One Set of 260 ¥-inch Game Marker * Two Charts and Tables Booklets * One Pad of Logisties Rosters ‘= Two Deployment/Reinforcement Cards * One 10-sided die ‘Note: The game uses a 10-sided die. When a *0" is rolled. this is considered a “O" and not "10" as in many other games, ‘Also, a 0" is always considered an even number. 2.2 GAME QUESTIONS IF you have any questions about the rules to 2Np Fuss please feel free to send in your questions, written so they can be answered with a simple one-word response when possible. Be sure to enclose a stamped, self-addressed envelope. Mail your questions to 2nd Fleet Questions Victory Games, Ine. 43 West 33rd St New York, NY 10001 Note: We ask your cooperation in sending a self-addressed, stamped envlope with your game questions; queries without a return envelope will not be answered, Also, we ask that you not call in your game questions, sine the designer does not work fon our staf. 2nd Fleet Rules, Page 3 2,3 PLAYING PIECES ‘The playing pieces (counters) include military forces from seven nations. The US and allied NATO counters have green borders, and each has « diferent interior color; all non-Soviet fotees belong to NATO and are always on the same side. The Soviet counters are red. In addition to the colors on the counters, each nation’s forces ean be distinguished by the two-letter abbreviation on the counter. ‘The backs ofthe counters are printed with a starburst design and reduced values, indicating that these units have been damaged. Note that certain units (cargo ships and some air units) are not backprinted. When these units are damaged, they are destroyed or sunk. Each player also has a set of hatf-inch markers that are to record game information. Some markers are printed in the NATO color, some in the Soviet color, and others in a neutral color: SUMMARY OF COUNTER TYPES Surface Combat Units Front Back AIRCRAFT CARRIER (CY) Set aora0 CRUISER (C6) DESTROYER (DD) mH fue em sracate mud Wao Bert PATROL COMBATANT (PC) Non-Combat Surface Units sack 5 avmmmous assauur an | Sg." Paed zoe oT TAMER «TH ‘ Rab ie2nd Fleet Rules, Page 4 ye 8 om ee peN cnt Front ef Air Units Front aw Wart ah mW Pat wm W Wee 4 AMMUNITION CARRIER (AM) SUMMARY OF GAME MARKERS ‘SUBMARINE TENDER (ST) COMBAT SUPPORT (C5) ‘CARGO SHIP (CR) * Submarine Units NUCLEAR SUBMARINE (SN) DIESEL SUBMARINE (88) BALLISTIC MISSILE, SUBMARINE (SB) INTERCEPTOR (INT) ATTACK (ATK) RECONNAISSANCE (RCN) AIRBORNE EARLY WARNING (AEWO| ELECTRONIC WARFARE (EW) Back Front me yan rai car AP mb ‘car mission ie a 1 pen TASK TASK n'sr20 GROUP ‘TASK GROUP/FORCE once 4 2 pm M Sues mie ‘MINE: a8 our oF out oF son OUT oF AMMO aie ne Ammo is (see 20), ouror obeon iat our oF = He Back ze] | tees] vocausteatecic perection | Stat om ward NATO eR é MARINE ‘= + PARACHUTE. Agen a " i ¥€ commanpo 1 ack (0) peer @ bee ee DESTROYED anaes wna ose Damace| 1 eas 5 = ACTION secMeNT Noam — aa ‘TIME OF YEAR van anwis ARMISTICE tire 4 Sevet Aoaal Orig. SOVIET STRATEGY Stat = ween ot, came Woe ‘TURN oormatorae‘SAMPLE SURFACE UNIT (Fron!) Note: An “*N’” in place of the SSM, ASW, Anti-Air, or Close ‘Combat values indicates thatthe unit cannot perform that form of combat. Ifa unit has a Close Anti-Air or Area Anti-Alr value, ‘but not both, a 0" indicates which value it cannot use, SAMPLE SUBMARINE UNIT (Front) @ =Nolsy submarine indication Note: A submarine unit always has an ‘*N” for its Anti-Air value. Only Soviet submarine units have the “Noisy Sub Indicator." 2nd Fleet Rules, Page § SAMPLE AMPHIBIOUS ASSAULT UNIT (Front) Note: Aside from the Amphibious Assault value, all other values ‘on an AA unit are identical with other surface units SAMPLE AIR UNIT (Front) r= Special SSM Indication feather Indication Note: Some US and UK air units have the *'Special $SM Indi- cation," which is used in the Advanced Game (see 20.4). Some carrier-based US air units have the “All-weather Indication,” Which is used in the Advanced Game (see 16.0 and 17.0). Also, air units do not have Defense values, Their Movement Allowance is either a,two or three-digit number. 2.4 ABBREVIATIONS The following abbreviations are used in the game: Surface Units Buc. ‘AA: Amphibious Assault CAN: ‘AM: Ammunition Carier EW BB: Battleship HAR: CG: Missile Cruiser HLX: CL: Light Cruiser L CR: Cargo Ship Int: CS: Combat Support M CV Aiteraft Cartier nie DD: Destroyer FF: Frigato REN) PC: Patrol Combatant 8: PCS: Patrol Combatant Squadron SKG: ST: Submarine Tender ™ ‘TK: Tanker poe Submarine Units Buccaneer Sea Zon Canberra BI Bris nes Electonie Warfre BS: Barns Sea Sea arier GS: Gresrland Sea Heli Te Ksand Hyushin LS; Labrador Sea Imereptor Na: North Atatc ‘Mikoyan (MiG) NS: Norwegian Sea Ninos SV: Svalbard, Phantom ama Miscellaneous Sea King AAA Area AnicAic Topol ‘AP Ammunition Poin pee ASW: Ant Submarine Warfare yak CAP: Combat Air Parl FP: Fuel Point Countries: mn: Harpoon ‘8B; Nuclear Ballistic Missile Submarine CAF Cina tet He SN: Nuclear Subaarioe TT: aly PR: Parachute Regiment 8: Diesel Submarine NE: Netherlands| RCR: Royal Canadian Regiment NO: Norway SEg: Sea Eagle Alt Units ‘SO: Soviet Union SSM: Surface-to-Surface Missile ABW: Airborne Barly Warning UK: United Kingdom SUSA: Susa Alpini Batalion ‘ATK: tack US: United Sates TORP: Torpedo B: Beriev WG: West Germany VP: Victory Points2nd Fleet Rules, Page 6 Ship Names ‘Only ships whose names have been abbreviated are included on this list: CANADA, IROQS: Iroquois NPGON: Nipigon OTTWA: Oxaws SGNAY: Saguenay NETHERLANDS ENKRT: Banckert BTRES: Bloys Van Treslong DERUY: De Ruyter EVTSN: Everson KRTNR: Kortnaer PHEIN; Piet Hein VGALN: Van Galen WDEWT: Wite de With NORWAY BERGN: Bergen NRVIK: Narvik SKLNA: Sinn STVGR: Stavanger SOVIET UNION Surface Combat Units AMTST: Ametist SHKY: Barhkiry BSMNY; Bessmennyy DZHSK: Daerahinnky FRNZE: Frune GNVNY: Gnevnyy GRMKY: Gromkly GRVAL: Gorval GRZIN: Grurin KKRYM: Krasyy Krym KRMLN: Kremlin KRSDT: Kronstadt MNSHK: Menshinsky NKHMV: Nakhimov NKLYV: Nikobvev NKTMY: Nevkrotinyy OBRSY: Obranwouyy ORLVY: Orlousiy ‘ORVDT: Oktyabrskaya Revolusiya OSMTR: Osmo OTCHY: Otehayannyy SDRZY: Sderehannyy SILNY: Silry SMILY: Smetliyy SPRNV: Admiral Spirdonov STRNY- Stray SVRPY: Svirepyy SVTPL: Sevastopol TALLN: Tallin ‘TMSHK: Timoshenko UDLOY: Udaloy UKRNY: Ukrainyy VRYAG: Varyap VSLYV: Vasi"yevshiy ZGCHY: Zhguchiy ZOULY: Zoey Submarine Units ‘ABLGN: Anatoly Blagonravov CHER: Constantin Chersenko CHSKY: Chelybinsky DNSKY: Donstaye FDZHR: Fells Dzerzhinksky FEZLV: Frol Kozlov IKNEY: KLMYA: KISKY: KRLSK: KSNGV: VSKY: ENSKY: MONIT: MKALN: MTSKY: PPSLY: SGRCH: UKRNA: VCHKV: VEGNR: VLDMR: VLGDA: YGAGR: YRSKY: Ivan Koney Kalmytshaya Kolsky Karelskaye KRrasnopvardets Keibihevekiy Leninsiy Magntogorskiy ‘Miki Kali Mikhail Tukachevskiy Pyotr Pospelow Stepan Georgevich Uerina Vasily Chuykov Vera Figner Vladimirsky Vologia ‘Yur Gagarin Yaroslvskiy Non-Combat Surface Unis BELOY: CHSKY: CHLKN: Gsnov: KLYKN: KRSKY: LDNEV: PCHOR OBSKY: RYDKY: VDYEN vLYUY. Beloye More CCheshkaya Guba Boris Chika Gasanow Kolyshkin Karskoye More Lene Pechorskaye More Obsiaya Guba. Riyabalov Vidyaev vilwy UNITED KINGDOM. Surface Combat Units ACTVE ‘ANDRM: BDSWD: BRMEM: BRSTL: BIAXE: CMBLA: GLsGW: LTRS INVEL: LNDON: vee: MINCTR MNRVA, NRFLK: PHEDE: SCYLA: SHFLD: ‘Active ‘Andromeda rosdsart Birmingham Bristol Bateaxe Norfolk Phoebe Sey ‘Shelfield Submarine Unis Congr. SPRIN: SUPRB: TALNT: ‘TRLOR: UPHLD: ‘WRSPT: Conqueror Sparta Super Tale Trafalgar Upholder Warspie Non-Combat Surface Unis BAYLF: LRVR: FAUST: Bayleat Blue Rover Fort Austin EGRGE: INTRP: ‘NRLND: RGENT: SBDVR SLNCT: STRIS For Grange Intrepid Norn Regent Sir Bedivere Sir Lancelot, Sir Tristram UNITED STATES Surface Combat Unis BELNP: BGLEY: BHILL: BURKE: BYRD: CNOLY: CRSEA DAVID: DAVIS: GDAOR: INPDN: JAMES MSBGR: PAGE: RDGRS: RSVLT: SCLNA: SPNCE: TATNL: TRIPE: YNCNS: VRGNA: Belknap Bagley ‘Bunker Hil Asleigh Burke chars. Byrd Covaly Coral Sea Abert Davi Roviney M. Davis Goidborauh Independence eben James “Moosbragaer Richard L- Page John Rodgers Treodore Roosevelt South Carolina Spruce Tatil Trippe Vincennes Virginia Submarine Unis GROTN: TAILA: pe: PNW: OLYPa: PHENX ipscom Newport News Oyen Phoenix ‘Non-Combat Surface Unis ALTAR: ‘AUSTN: BAUGH: WOOD: CONUS: EMDEN: cNsTO: FFSHR. GNTWN: HAUGE: HRCTY: Ma, KaIsR: KOCAK: LUMUS: MLWKE: MTEOR: NWPRT: PLLUX: SGNAW: TCLBA: ‘TeLDO: ‘WLMET: Alt ‘usin ‘William B. Baugh Bellas Wood Cygaus Caraden Canis For Fisher Germantown ‘Lous J. Hauge, Je Harlan Cony Iwo Jima Henry Kaiser Sgt. Mate Kocak 1 Lt. Jock Lams Milvackee Meteor Newport Polisx Sigianw ‘TrancColombia ‘rarsColorado Willaneie WEST GERMANY MOLDR: Molders%* GM Rells all dice 3.0 Sequence of Play “All contemporary great powers are maritime states. — Admiral Sergei G. Gorshkov ‘Al actions that occur in @ Game Turn take place in a strict Sequence of Play, The Game Turn is composed of a number of Phases, which in turn can be comprised of a number of Seg- ‘ments, that must be performed in the order listed below. ‘A day of rel time is represented by three Game Turns: AM, PM, and Night, each of which represents eight hours of real time. Some Phases in the Sequence of Play take place only in ‘an AM of Night turn and are ignored in other turn. STRATEGIC CYCLE (AM Game Turns only) A. Political Events Phase (Advanced Game; not on Game Turn 1) ‘The"NAFO-player rolls a die and the players consult the Amistice Table. The Armistice marker may be advanced or the players may be required to consult the Random or Special Events Tables, If the Armistice marker advances, the Soviet player receives Victory Points for controlling NATO bases and for ‘sea denial” (see 28.5). B. Weather Phase (Advanced Game) ‘The’ NAvFO-player rolls the die and the players consult the Weather Table (see 17.0). Ifa squall or storm results, the die is rolled again and the Zone Table is consulted to determine which zones are affected CC, Reinforcement Phase (Advanced Game; not on Game Turn 1) > Both players roll adie and consult the Reinforcement Table (Gee 26.0). Any reinforcements made available by these rolls are deployed on the map. D. Submarine Mode Phase (Advanced Game; optional) ‘The players can place Deep markers on any of their sub- ‘marine units whose Movement Allowance is two or more. Als players can remove Deep markers from their submarine units {see 22.0). E. Strategie Air Phase 1. Allocation Segment: Both players secretly assign air units to strategic missions on their Strategic Air Displays (see 7.1). 2. Interception Segment: Opposing air units that are on Inter- ception missions within the same zone perform Air-to-Air Combat (see 7.2). 3. Bounce Segment: Surviving Interception air units perform ‘Air-to-Air Combat against enemy air units in the same zone ‘on non-Interception missions (see 7.2). 4. Mine Segment (Optional): Air units on Mining missions place Mine markers in coastal hexes (see 23.0) 5, Strategic Detection Segment: For each Reconnaissance ait tunit in a zone, the owning player can place a Strategic Detection marker on an enemy surface unit (or stack) oF attempt to place a Strategic Detection marker on an enemy submarine within that zone (see 9.2) F, Invasion Phase (Advanced Game) 1, Soviet Segment: The Soviet player can place Ground Force markers in eligible NATO bases (see 18.0). 2, NATO Segment: The NATO player can place Ground Force markers in any NATO bases (see 18.0). 13. Control Segment: If Soviet and NATO Ground Fores mark- ers oveupy the same base, the players determine who con- trols that base (18.5) ACTIVITY CYCLE (All Game Turns) G. CAP Phase Both players assign air units to CAP (see 8.0). 'H. Minesweeping Phase (Advanced Game; optional) 2 Aeplayer rolls the die once for each hex containing mines to determine if any Mine markers are removed (sce 23.3). I. Replenishment Phase (Advanced Game; optional) ‘Both players can perform in-port and atsea replenishment (see 20.0), J Local Detection Phase ‘Local Detection markers are placed on surface and subma- rine units occupying enemy Limited or Extended Detection Zones (see 9.2). K. Action Phase 1. First Action Segment: The die is rolled to determine the “first” player. On an even roll, the NATO player is first; ‘on an odd roll, the Soviet player is first. The first player states which type of units he will activate: sutface, sub- marine, of air. After the first player has finished perform- ing all actions withthe chosen type, the second player selects type of unit for activation and carries out all actions with these units (see 4.0). 2, Second Action Segment: The die is rolled to determine the first player. This player states the typeof units he will activate (he cannot select the unit type chosen in the First Action ‘Segment, After the first player's units have performed their ‘actions, the second player chooses a unit type for activation he cannot choose the type he selected in the First Action Segment) and carries out all actions with this type. Third Action Segment: The die is rolled to determine the first player, This player activates the remaining unit type not Activated so far and completes all actions with them. The second player then activates his last type of unit and com- pletes all actions with them. L. Local Detection Removal Phase ‘Some surface and submarine units that do not occupy enemy Detection Zones have their Local Detection markers removed (see 9.5). ™M. CAP Landing Phase ‘All CAP units are returned to the airfield or aircraft carrier from which they started (see 8.4) TERMINAL CYCLE (Night Game Turns only) N, Fuel Phase (Advanced Game; optional) Fuel expenditure for surface combat units is recorded on the Logistics Rosters (see 20.5). (©. Repair Phase (intermediate and Advanced Games) Damage 1 markers are removed from ports and airfields. Damage 2 markers are flipped to their Damage 1 side (see 14.2). P. Strategie Air Mission Termination Phase Air units on the Strategic Air Display are returned to their parent sireraft carrier or an airfield in the zone from which they started (see 7.5). Q. Strategic Detection Removal Phase Al Strategic Detection markers are removed from units (see 9.5). GAME TURN INDICATION ‘The Game Turn is now over. The Game Turn marker is advanced one space along the Game Turn Track. Players now 20 to the Strategic Cycle, if the next turn is an AM turn, or to the Activity Cycle, if the next turn is a PM or Night tur. ‘This process is repeated until the game ends or an Armistice is declared (see 28.1) 3.2nd Fiest Rules, Page & Basic Game Rules 4.0 The Action Phase To be a successtul soldier, you must know history. What you must know is how man reacts. Weapons change, but man who uses CL eee ee eee eR ra eee ee el Most game activities take place during the Action Phase, which is composed of three Action Segments. During each ‘Action Segment, a player moves and performs combat with units ‘ofa particular type (submarine, surface, or air). When he has finished activating units ofthe desired type, he states this fact aloud. 4.4 THE ACTION SEGMENTS To determine who goes first in each Action Segment, the 60m) NAO player roll the de. If the results even including “O”), the NATO player activates units firs inthe segment; ifthe result is odd, the Soviet payer activates units first. This determine- tion takes place at the beginning of al three Acton Segments Tn the First Action Segment, the frst player stats the type ‘of unite wil activate: surface, submarine, or ar. He can then ‘ctvate any or all of the units of that type, The second player then states which unit rype he wishes to activate in the segment; he is not obligated to activate the same unit type as the first player. Tn the Second Action Segment, after the frst player is ASW vaLue 1 wane vate Example of ASW Combat: The US SIV NpNws (ASW Value: 9) initiates an ASW atack against the detected Soviet SS Mait (Defense: 0, The NATO player has thee ait units on Tactical Coordination inthis zone, which are allocated to aid ths attack, The NATO player rolls the de and obtains a9, Three is added due to the air units, giving @ modified result of 12. Cross- ‘referencing 12 inthe Attack column with the "9 10 14" Combat Value column gives a result of 6. Mgnt 1s sunk (see 11.0) and the combat is over: The three alr units are placed in one of the Return to Base bores on the Stateple Air Display. 40.7 AIR-TO-AIR COMBAT Air-to-Air Combat is performed between opposing air units and is resolved on the Air-o-Air Combat Results Table. Air- to-Air Combat can occur at three times during a Game Turn: Interception Segment: In this segment, which oceurs only in the Strategic Air Phase, Airto-Air Combat must take place between opposing air units on Interception missions in the same zone (see 7.2). To determine who is the attacker, rol the die ‘once for each zone in which combat occurs, On an even die roll (including **0"), the NATO player is the attacker; on an. ‘odd die roll, the Soviet player is the attacker. ‘Bounce Segment: This segment occurs immediately after the Interception Segment. In this segment, surviving. units on Interception missions can initiate combat against all enemy air units in the same zone that are on non-Interception missions — Reconnaissance, Tactical Coordination, and Mining (if that ‘optional rule is being used; see 23.0). To perform this combat, the Interception player rolls the die and consults the ““Bounce"* ‘column of the Airto-Air Combat Results Table (no combat ratio is calculated), The Interception player is considered the attacker, Ina Bounce Segment, a maximum of one “‘Bounce"’ combat can be performed per player in each zone, regardless of the ‘number of surviving air units on Interception missions a player has in that zone, Action Phase: CAP air units can interrupt the movement of ‘enemy ait units that move within range to initiate Air-to-Air Combat (see 8.2). CAP units are always considered the attackers Resolving Air-to-Air Combat: The Ai dure is outlined below: -to-Air Combat proce- 1. Combine the Anti-Air values of the attacker's air units. No units can be withheld. 2. Combine the Anti~Air values of all the defender's air units, ‘No units can be withheld 3. Compare the step I sum with the step 2 sum and express this asa ratio: atacker's Anti-Air value to defender's Anti-Air value. Round this ratio dowm in favor of the defender to con-form to one of the simplified ratio columns on the Air-to-Air Combat Results Table. Note that there ate two rows of ratios listed on the table. The “Interception” row is used in Airsto- ‘Air Combat that takes place during the Interception Segment. ‘The CAP" row is used during combat initiated by CAP units. ‘The “Bounce” column is used in the Bounce Segment. 4, The attacker rolls the die and cross-references the result with the ratio column (or “*Bounce’” column) determined in step 3. ‘The combat result is divided by a slash. Results to the lef of the slash are applied to the attacker; results to the righ of the slash are applied to the defender. Each result will have a number, and some results also have an ‘r.”” 45, Numbered combat results indicate the number of “steps” of damage suffered by the affected player's air units, For each step of damage, one air unt is damaged (flipped over; see 11.0); ‘an ar unit that does not possess # reverse side is destroyed when it suffers one stop loss. An air unit tht is already damaged is destroyed when it suffers a second step loss. Air units with a front and reverse side are destroyed if they take two step losses. ‘The owning player always applies damage to his units. He can split up his loss in any way he sees fit among those units that took part in the combat. 6. Ifthe combat result contains an “'r,” the affected player's air units must “Return to Base.” If the result has no “r," they are allowed to continue their mission (see below). NoTaRtx ExeEMON:[fno INT unit (or an ATE unit acting as an INT uni) is presen with enemy air units belng attacked by 2 CAP mission, the CAP mission fgnoes all sep loses and "r results inthe sir-to-Alr Combat resul. 7. After combat results have been applied, the Air-to-Air Com- bat is over Returning to Base: An “r"* result on the Air-to-Air Combet Results Table means thatthe air unit or stack must “'Return to Base."” This result can have several meanings, depending on when the combat took place. * Inerception Segment: Air units on Interception missions in the zone in which the combat is taking place that must return to base are placed in one of the “Return to Base" boxes in the zone they occupy on the Strategic Air Display. Place the unit in the box corresponding to the zone in which it began, with the top of the counter pointing tothe initials ofthe correct Bounce Segment: An “‘r"? results applies 0 all of the defender's air units on non-Interception missions in the zone in which the combat is taking place. Remove the affected air units from their Reconnaissance, Tactical Coordination, and Mining boxes and place them in one ofthe Return to Base” boxes in the zone they occupy. * Action Phase: CAP units that receive an ‘‘r” result are placed intheir “Return to Base’ box on the CAP Display. An active unit or stack whose movement was interrupted by a CAP. mission and which receives an ‘*r" result must immediately bbe returned to the afield or carrier from which it began, assuming the unit has expended half its Movement Allowance or less (Gee 8.4), 2nd Fleet Rules, Page 28 ‘Air units occupying a “Return to Base" box ean perform ro funetions for the remainder of the Game Tur, Continuing a Mission: Results on the Air-to-Air Combat Results Table that do not have an ‘'r”” mean thatthe air units cean continue their mission, What the unit ean do depends on When the combat occurred © Interception/Bounce Segments: The units remain on theit assigned Strategic Air Missions, © Action Phase: CAP units remain where they are and can initiate Air-to-Air Combat again, Units whose movement was interrupted by CAP units can continue their movement from the point where they were interrupted. These units eannot be ‘attacked in Air-to-Air Combat by the same CAP marker for the duration of the current Action Segment. wen) | omy, 10% 4 ots, | | ct, Wen A Anmanvave | pe Ea | | mes ‘Example of Alr-to-Alr Combat: The NATO ployer has two FI4 suits (each Ant-Air Value: 9) in the Interception box of the Teeland Zone, tn the Iceland Zone of hs dsplay, the Sover player hhas @-¥36 wnt (Ant-Air: 5) based on Kiev also on an Interception inission. He also has a TIGD on a Reconnaissance mission and a ‘VSD on a Tactical Coordination mission in the Iceland Zone. uring the Interception Segment, Airto-Air Combat must rake place benween the F14's and the Y36.A 31s rolled, indicating that the Sover player ts the attacker. The ratio ts -10-18, oF I The Soviet player rolls the die and obtains aS. Cross-referencing this roll with the "1-8 ratio colume ofthe "Interception’” line fom the Airto-Air Combat Results Table, a 'Ir/0" resulr is ‘blained, The F4's suffer no lass and remain om Itereption The ¥36 loses one step and must renem to base. It's lpped over ‘and placed in the "Return to Base” box correspond 1 the ‘one currently occupied by Kiev. inthe Bounce Segment, the NATO player can attack the 10 Soviet air unite on non-lnterceprion mission inthe Iceland Zone [No ratio (s calculated; the NATO player simply rolls the de and Consuls the “Bounce” colurn of the Airto-Air Combat Resulis Table, Assume the NATO player rolls a 9. Tus, a result of ‘037s obtained. The NATO player suffers no loss, but the Sovies TISD and T9SF units must sufer three step losses between them {ihe Soviet player decides how) and rust be placed in one of the "Return to Haze” boxes n the Iceland Zone. When the ‘Bounce Segment ends, the FIA's are placed in a “Rewurn 10 Base" bos 40.8 COMBAT AND BASE HEXES Base hexes can only be attacked in Intermediate and ‘Advanced Scenarios (se 14.0). In Basic Scenarios, surface units ‘occupying base hexes do nor benefit from the bases’ Close Anti- Air values when attacked by SSM or Bombing Combat.2nd Fleet Rules, Page 24 44.0 Damage “A critical study of bourgeois military theory ee RU ec ET ae as Ce a ee ee) Teena} ec Damage may occur to units in combat. Units always begin the game on their undamaged (front) sides. Damage causes a unit tobe flipped to its reverse side, indicated with a starburst. ‘A damaged unit has a lower Movement Allowance and decreased combat values. Note that CR units and some RCN air units do not have a damaged side; these units are destroyed if they suffer a damage result or a single step loss in combat. 44.4 HOW DAMAGE OCCURS ‘Numbered combat results obtained due to attacks are com- pared with the Defense value of the surface or submarine target unit. There are three possible results: * No Effect: Ifthe combat result number is Jess than one-half the target unit's Defense value, the attack is unsuccessful and the target is unaffected. ‘© Damage: Ifthe combat result number is equal to or greater ‘than one-half the target unit's Defense value, but less than the full Defense value, the target is damaged (see 11.2). ‘Sunk (Destroyed): Ifthe combat result number is equal to or {greater than the target unit's Defense value, the target unit is sunk or destroyed (that is, eliminated). ‘Note that damage to air units occurs in ‘'steps," with each step being equal to a single air unt being damaged (see 10.7). 44.2 EFFECTS OF DAMAGE ‘When a unit is damaged, it is flipped to its starburst side. Ifa damaged unit receives another damage result, itis sunk or destroyed and is removed from the map. A damaged unit can- not be repaired. Example of Damage: The US CV Rsvit (Defense Value: 9) suffers ‘a combat result ofS in an attack. Because this number Is greater than one-half Rsvi's Defense value, the CV is damaged (ipped oer, Rsv afersarther combat re of Sor more, 44.3 AIR UNIT DAMAGE IN BOMBING COMBAT Air units participating in Bombing Comiat can be damaged ‘or destroyed as a result of defensive combat undertaken by the surface units that are being attacked (see 10.5). 412.0 Special Units "it appears fo me to be the province of our Infant Navy fo surprise and spread alarm with ‘our fast sailing ships. When we grow stronger, we can meet their fleets and dispute with ec aed re eae area 12.4 AIRCRAFT CARRIERS Aircraft carriers (CV) ate mobile airfields from which air units operate as the carrier moves, Air units are assigned to a ‘carrier atthe beginning of a game and must remain with that carrer. Airunits beginning the game on an airfield or different carrier cannot be assigned to a carrie Deployment of Air Units: Air units assigned to a carrier are not deployed on the map. Each player has Aircraft Carrier Dis- plays on the map, and his cartier-based air units are normally kept on this display. ‘The air units are always considered to ‘occupy the same hex as their parent carrier. ‘Air units on a carrier can be activated separately or in stacks of up to four units. [Fan airraft carrer is damaged, its air units suffer the following restrictions. 1. A maximum of two of its units cam be assigned to CAP. 2. A maximum of one ofits units ean be assigned to a Strategic Air Mission, 3. A maximum of two of its units can become active during the air Action Segment (they can be activated together or individually) If an aircraft cartier is destroyed, all its air units are destroyed. Units on CAP or Strategic Air Missions are destroyed in the CAP Landing Phase or Strategic Air Mission ‘Termination Phase, respectively.) 12.2 AIRBORNE EARLY WARNING | sx" (AEW) AIR UNITS en! ‘When assigned to a CAP mission by an aircraft carrier, AEW ‘unis enhance the capsbilites of that CAP mission in Aino ‘Air Combat (Se 8.2). AEW units do not enhance the eapabii- in airfield hexes, A maximum of one AEW 2d to a. CAP mission. When an AEW unit isona CAP mission, use the "CAP & AEW"” side ofthe CAP marker. “The Soviet Helix (HLX) and UK Sea King (SKG) AEW units are not as effective asthe US E2 AEW unit, Ifa HLX or SKG isin carrier's CAP mission, it modifies the AntAir values of the air units on that mission at a four hex range by J, not %. (See the Aircraft Carrier CAP Charon the map.) 42.3 ELECTRONIC WARFARE te (EW) AIR UNITS " When activated with friendly air uns, EW units entance the capitis of ove uni Ia AitdorAlr, Bombing, nd SSM Comba Restrictions on EW Alr Units: EW unis cannot perform CAP oe Stalogic Ait Mistone. Only one EW tal can bo uctatd tS per of «suck of arnt Attacks hy CAP Missions: I an EW units sacked with ir tis aacked by an enemy CAP mston, is presence reduces by two the combined Ant At value of to enemy CAP ston, Ifthe CAP missions ssgned ta ctr, hs recon ss Place before any free rodifcaion are appli dt he ‘Aiwa Cater CAP Char ‘Bombing and $SM Combat fai EW units par ofan active Sack of tir units executing Boning or SSM Combet gait enemy surfce uns, the Area Ana value of each enemy Surface unt within te target box sreduced by one (bu never Below 0) forthe combat In Intermediate and Advanced Seni, if an EW unis artof ask of ectve ar unis executing Bombing or SSM Combat aginst an enemy irelé or port the Clow ANA wae lp ry ofr smb oo 18).413.0 Introductory Scenarios} FT ea Ee Mn) mystery inside an enigma; but perhaps there ame as Soke Iti recommended tha the players try the folowing scenarios in order to become familiar with the Basic Rules. Each of the scenarios canbe played ina shor time and require only a handful ‘of units, Once the players become familiar withthe Basic Game system, they should go on to the Intermediate Scenarios (see 15.0). In the Introductory Scenarios, all Game Turns are con- sidered day. Also, all drift ice hexes are considered sea hexes. ‘Do not use any Optional Rules in the Introductory Scenarios. [Note that in the setup of units, instructions are given as to ‘whether units must be together in specific hexes or if they can be placed in different hexes, 43.4 SCENARIO 4: Standing Naval Force Atlantic sxcxcrouwo: While shadowing the Soviet heavy cruiser Kirov in the Mediterranean, a US Navy destroyer has been rammed and sunk with heavy loss of life. In Washington, the Chairman ofthe Joint Chiefs of Saf has laid the blame for his incident squarely on Soviet shoulders and has asked the President to demand a Soviet apology and appropriate reparations. Meanwhile, the Soviet Politburo has accused the US Navy's 6th Flet of dangerous violations of inter- national maritime law and has labeled the incident as “tragic but unavoidable.” Both sides have placed their naval frces on fll alert. In the Norwegian Sea, a US Navy Amphibious Ready Group (ARG) has just off-loaded a batalion landing team of US Marines in northern Norway as part of NATO's Ocean Venture summer ‘maneuvers, This ARG consists of the helicopter carrier vo Jima (LPH), the assault transports Austin (LPD-4) and Ogden (LPD-S), and a single escorting frigate, USS Hawes (FFG-53). Shorty after receiving news of the Mediterranean incident, wo Jima was strafed by two Su-27 Flankers operating out of bases on the Kola Peninsula. ‘The Commander-in-Chief, Adantic (CINCLANT) has ordered the ARG to leave the Marines ashore and to steam southwards at all Possible speed to a safe Norwegian or British port. Intelligence ihering by P-3C Orion sorties over the Norwegian Sea has dicated thatthe powerful Soviet cruiser Frunze (sister 10 Kirov) and the new destroyer Ottuk are situate inthe vicinity of Jan Mayen ‘sland; itis reported that these two warships will shorty sail at high speed to Murmansk in view ofthe current crisis, It has also been reported thatthe two ships have been ordered to destroy NATO shipping in northern Norwegian waters during their passage back to Soviet territory because ofthe Stavka's fears of a surprise NATO amphibious assault against the Kola Peninsula CINCLANT, who also doubles as NATO's Supreme Allied Commander, Atlantic (SACLANT), has directed the multinational task force Standing Naval Fore Atlantic to move into the Norwegian Sea at high speed. This force, which is currently on maneuvers in the North Sea, consists of the US destroyer Lice (DDG-38), the Royal Navy frigate Active (F-171), the Dutch frigate Pier Hein (F811), the West German destroyer Molders (D-186), and the Canadian frigate Oxtawa (DDE-229). The task force has been ‘ordered to prevent the passage of France and Ortuk to Murmansk and to protect the US ARG from Soviet atack. Supporting this ope ation from its airfield at Andoya in northern Norway is 333 Squadron ofthe Kongelige Norske Lafforsvarer (Royal Norwegian Ait Force), ‘onssting of a handful of P-3B Orion maritime reconnaissance aircraft. MAP Use only the north map. Units are not allowed to exit the map. 2nd Fleet Rules, Page 25 ee Be or Gar ‘Dima. (US/AA) stan ee hat bate Sea a Bauer sa a 1. Air units can be assigned only to strategie missions; they can- not activate. Thus, there can only be surface Action Segments, never any submarine or air Action Segments. 2, Units occupying a port hex can neither attack norbe attacked. GAME LENGTH 6 Game Turns VICTORY CONDITIONS ‘The Soviet player receives Victory Points (VP) for the follow. ing accomplishments: CconoiTion ‘has “For each NATO FF of DD suihle 1 Orden or Ausin sunk 2 each EES ARRAS TIES | Ortuk ends game in Soviet port 3 _Frige ends game in Soviet port Note: Soviet airfield/port combinations count as ports. At the end of the game, the Soviet player adds up the number of VP he gained and consults the following chart to determine the winner fovin ve —_victowy teva. “14 of mote Decisive Soviet Victory 12-13 Substantive Soviet Victory TOS Marginal Soviet Victory 7 89 Marginal NATO Victory (67 Substantive NATO Victory Sorless Decisive NATO Victory 13.2 SCENARIO 2: Sink the Boomers! ‘nacxonotno, Warsew Pact forces have launched a surprise offen sive agninst West Germany. NATO ground troops have been caught unprepared and a catastrophe for Western arms appears inevitable NNo nuclear weapons have been used of yet by either side, but the President of the United States has stated that nuclear retaliation by the United States will ake place should Warsaw Pact forces eross the Rhine. A day after the President's warning, no de-escalation ‘of the Warsaw Pact offensive has become apparent; 8 report from the front has indicated that the Soviet Sth Guards Motor Rifle Division will rach the Rhine at Wiesbaden within a day or two. ‘Against the advice ofthe Joint Chiefs of Staff, the President thas ordered preparatory stops for a retaliatory nuclear strike against2nd Fleet Rules, Page 26 a key Soviet military base. The deployment of US Navy ballistic missile sibs (SSBN's) has been stepped up, while atack subm: rines have been ordered to prevent the paskage of Soviet "boom- ers” into the Atlantic, Asa direct warning to Moscow that a muclear attack i a reel possbiliy, the President has ordered US Navy tack. submarines to hunt down and destroy 2 handful of Soviet SSBN's Currently on station in the Barents Sea, The ICS has warned the President that this step will be considered highly escalatory by ‘Moscow, but the Presiden has insisted that iti the last preventa- tive measure at his disposal that will save western Europe from Soviet occupation. ‘The submarine chief of the Red Banner Northern Fleet has gathered intelligence of increased NATO ASW activities in the Barents Sea, Suspecting these moves as the preparation fora cam- ign against his SSBN’s, he has called many of his boomers back to port, However, inorder to disperse Soviet nuclear strike assets inthe event ofa surprise US atack onthe Kola Peninsula, the com ‘ander has ordered three SSBN's to operate under the Arctic ice pack for the next six weeks. Should they reach the ice, detection And eventual destruction by NATO ASW forces will become extremely unlikely. These three submarines are Ukraina, « new ‘Typhoon boat of some 30,000 tons; Donskaya, a Delta-3; and Karelskaya, a Delts-. Running interference forthe SSBN's in their passage to the ice are three attack submarines: Pyotr Pospeloy, a *40-not Alfa; Anatoly Blagonrayon, a Victor 3; and Magnitogorski, an elderly diesel-powered Foxtrot. Only two US Navy attack submarines are currently on station in dhe Barents Sea and in a suitable position o intercept this Soviet ‘movement, These two boats, Newport News (SSN-750) and La Jolla (GSN-701), are currently situated near Svalbard. Supporting this operation {s 333 Squadron of P3-B Orions from the Kongelige Norske Lufforsvaret (Royal Norwegian Air Force) MAP Use only the north map, Units are not allowed to exit the map. DEPLOYMENT Soviet (set up first) Any sea drift ce henes Any sea oF dri fe hexes In within hexes of Pechenga the Barents Sea Zone, but not {G60}, but not stacked with stacked with any ther unit ‘any other unit Manit (SS) Kelik (88) Ppalv (SN) Dnsky ($B) AABlgn (SN) Ukma (6B) 3806: KiLrvave TSF (RCN) 3608: recaNca Bs (RCN) NATO (et up second) Amy ea dice hens 3035 av ‘within tenes rf Longyearbyen (2106), but not 7 ORCS) Stacked wih anyother unit NeNws (USISN) Lalla (USSN) SPECIAL RULES 1, No submarine can enter a fiord or base hex for the duration of the scenario. 2, Only Soviet SB units can enter a pack ice hex. Upon doing 50, they are immediately removed from the game and the Soviet player gains Victory Points. 3, Since there are no surface units in the scenario, neither player ‘an have a surface unit Action Segment during the Action Phase. VICTORY CONDITIONS ‘The Soviet player receives Victory Points (VP) for the follow- ing accomplishments: ‘wctony ‘cowoinon rows For each’ US SN sunk SoS ee Krlsk or Dnsky reaches pack ice 4 cach At the end of the game, the Soviet player adds up his VP and Consults the following chart to determine the winner: soviet ve ——_wiotorr tev. B14 Substantive Soviet Victory 89 ‘Marginal NATO Vietory Sorless Decisive NATO Victory 413.3 SCENARIO. Into the Jaws of the Backfir sncxcxovwn:The Soviet 4Sth and S4th Motor Rifle Divisions have crossed the Norwepian-Soviet border near Pechenga. Although intelligence is sketchy, itis reported that two Norwegian infantry battalions from Brigade North are engaged in combat with thet Soviet foes, The objective ofthe Soviet offensive is sil not clea: tis possible thatthe attack will be purposefully contained within the border area in order to seek only limited goals; on the other hand, it could be the first stage of a major offensive designed t0 seize Norwegian ports and airfields on the Atlantic coat. ‘NATO's SACLANT has ordered limited reinforcement of the Norwegian Nordiapp (North Cape) area. The British 1st Batalion, Parachute Regiment andthe Italian Susa Alpini Battalion have been airlifted tothe bleak Banak airfield, 240 miles north ofthe Arctic Circle. In addition, the US Navy ARG 6-88, which had been en route for the Mediterranean, has been ordered to alter its course ‘and land its Marine contingent, the 22nd Marine Amphibious Unit (MAL), in nother Norway. ARG 688 consists ofthe assault ship Belleau Wood (LHA3), the helicopter cartier Iwo Jima (LPH-2), ‘and the transport Ogden (LPD-5). This foree, which had been sailing Uunescorted, is currently situated near Jan Mayen island Tn Britain, 3 Commando Brigade has been hastily placed onboard Ship for deployment to Norway. This brigade consists of 42 and. 45 Commandos, Royal Marines, caried in the North Sea ferries Ek ae Norland: the 1st Combat Group, Royal Netherlands Marine Corps, carried in the Royal Navy's dntrepid (L-11); and 29 ‘Commando Regiment, Royal Arillery, carried inthe landing ships Sir Bedivere (L-3008), Sir Lancelot (L-3029), and Sir Tristram (13505). The Royal Navy's Flag Officer, Ist Floila, has been handed the responsibility of protecting all NATO shipping being directed to Norway, including the US Navy's ARG. An ad hor battle group thas been formed, consisting ofthe irraft carriers Invincible (R-05) and Illustrious (R06); the destroyers Liverpool (D-92), York (D-108), Glasgow (D-88), and Bristol (D-23); and the frigates London (F-95), Boxer (F-92), Active (F-171), Arrow (F-173), and Andromeda (F°57), Carried onboard the carters are 800 and 801 ‘Squadrons, consisting of Sea Harrier FRS.1 VSTOL fighter Satellite reconnaissance ofthe Kola Peninsula has spotted about 20°T-26 Backfires and 25°T-16C Badger attack sireraf, plus a large force of supporting fighter and electronic warfare asets. Its fully ‘expected that these air forces will contest the movement of NATO's amphibious forces to Norway. MAP Use only the north map. Units are not allowed to exit the map.DEPLOYMENT Soviet (set up first) 3806: kaLrvave M23 ANT) Mas ONT) 725 (ATH. Tie (ATK) TIE (EW) NATO (set up second) On Irs HAR (UKANT) Any sea or drift ice heres in the Norwegian Sea or CUIAB Greenland Sea Zones (they 08 mv! can stack with AAunits, HAR (UKIINT) but they do not have to st SKC (UK/AEW up together) “ie Pore Timp (UK/AA) Invel (UKICY) age Latpl (UKIDD) rind (UK/AA) SLoet (UK/AA) Sis (UK/AA) SBive (UK/AA) York (UKIDD) Gixgw (UKDD) Bll (UK/DD) ‘Actve (UKIFF) ladon (UK/FF) au Boxer (UK/FF) BWood (US/AA) Arrow (UKIFF) Dimi (US/AA) Andem (UKIFF) Ogden (US/AA) SPECIAL RULES 1. At the moment a NATO surface unit enters a fiord hex (in cluding fiords that are ports and airfields, it is removed from play. The NATO player may receive VP for these units (see “Vietory Conditions"). 2, All NATO units are automatically detected throughout the game, 3. No air units can be placed on Strategic Air Missions in this 4. Inall CAP Phases, all available UK air units must be placed fon CAP missions, 5. Since there are no submarine units inthe game, nether player has submarine Action Segment. Also, the Soviet player has the air Action Segment only. 6, Since there ate no Soviet surface units inthe game, all Soviet SSM attacks executed by air units must be penalized by sub- tracting two from the attack die roll (because no friendly sur- face unit is adjacent to the target hex; see 10.4) GAME LENGTH 7 Game Turns VICTORY CONDITIONS ‘The NATO player loses Victory Points (VP) as follows: ‘conesnon ‘ene Bach NATO ICV "gunk == Each NATO FF or DD sunk -1 Each NATO aiunitidestroyed =O The NATO player gains VP for each NATO AA unit that reaches the heres listed below. The unit's Amphibious Assault value is enhanced by the Amphibious Assault valve multiple forthe hex itenters and the result isthe number of VP gained by the NATO player. For example, if the US AA Ogden 2nd Fleet Rules, Page 27 (Amphibious Assault value of 4) reaches Banak, the NATO player would receive 8 VP (4x2=8) ASAT ale DESTINATION Hx ates Troms01G31) XA ‘Banak (3308) x2. “Gamvik 6406) XS Note: Amphibious Assault values, which are also printed on the AA units, are as follows: ee 2 Bie ine 4 Opden, Elk, trtpds Nrind DSc, Se See At the end of the game, the NATO player adds up his VP and. ‘consults the following chart to determine the winner: aro ve vvecToRY ive. 70-93 ‘NATO Substantive Victory 30-45 Soviet Marginal Victory 19 or less 43.4 SCENARIO 4: Damn the Torpedos! ssexcrounn: The diplomatic situation in central Europe is critical. NATO has been aware of a massive Warsaw Pact military buildup in East Germany and Czechoslovakia forthe past two weeks and, has demanded that it be halted. The Soviets have ignored this warning and the troop buildup is continuing unabated. In response, NATO has begun to reinforce central Europe on a large seale. US. forees from the continental United States (CONUS) have been moved by air to West Germany where they have armed themselves with pre-positioned heavy equipment, maintained in Germany for Use in just such an emergency. Als, large amounts of ammunition and supplies have been readied in American and Canadian ports for eventual movement to Europe by sea ‘The Soviet Union has warned NATO that such a large scale rein forcement of West Germany will be viewed as an act of war. The Politburo has declared tht any significant movement of troops and ‘supplies to Europe will be prevented by Soviet naval and air forces. NATO intelligence has learned that there are currently only six Soviet submarines inthe Greenland-Iceland-UK (GIUK) gap area that are ina suitable position to attack NATO shipping. These sub- ‘marines are: Pyotr Pospelov, 40-knot Alfa; Leninsky, a new Sierra design; Vera Figner and Ivan Konev, both Victor-3's; Mikhail Tubhachevsky, a Tango; and Magnitorgorskiy, a Fostot There are currently 13 American eargo ships and tankers in the [North Atlanti, These vessels are formed into three convoys: x slow grouping of eights ships is currently situated bout 250 miles south Of Ieelan; a fast convoy of three vessels is located about 400 miles to the west; and a small convoy of two superfast SL-7 container ships, capable of 33 knot, is situated about 280 miles south of Cape Farewell, Greenland’s southeramost tip. The US Navy has hastily deployed a handful of escons to protect the convoys during their perilous journeys. Four Spruance-class destroyers, John Rodgers (DD-983), Moosbrugger’(DD-980), Spruance (DD-963), and Conolly (DD-979), form the backbone of this force; in’addi- tion, six frigates have been made available: Hawes (FFG-53), Reuben James (FFG-57), Gary (FFG-51), Bagley (FF-1069), Kno (FF-1052), and Richard L. Page (FFG-5). A small detachment of P.3C Orions from Patrol Squadron 10, stationed at Brunswick, Maine, has been deployed to the airfield at Keflavik in order t0 suppor the convoys, ‘The Royal Navy's Flag Officer, Scotland and Northern Ireland, ‘has managed to scrape together four warships to suppor the con Soviet Decisive Victory2nd Fleet Rules, Page 28 voys during their approach tothe British Isles. These ships are the destroyers Birmingham (DD-86) and Glasgow (DD-88) and the frigates Norfolk (F-101, a new ‘Type 23”) and Barer (F-92), MAP Use only the south map. Units are not allowed to exit the map. DEPLOYMENT NATO (set up first) ‘Any sea exes inthe 258 ‘Lakrader Sex ox North Buyer (USICR) ‘Ailantl Zones (they cam stack = — Bry (USICR) ave to se up tgehen Tess SCR, Spnce (USIDD) Bites SCH, Régis (USIDD) Ze oo holy (USIDD) a ee Msber (USIDD) eee . Page USER) Hauge (USICR) James (SIF) 1037 Hawes (USE) Kocak (USICR) Beley (USER) Mor (USICR) Guy (USF Cems (USICR) Knox (US/FP) Together in any sea or coastal 642 hex within 3 exes of Holy ‘Ale (USICR) ‘Loch/Faslane (3736) Plax (USICR) Gisgw (UK/DD) iisicxenavee Brmim (UK/DD) : ee P3 (USIRCN) Boxer (UKIFF) Soviet (set up second) ‘Any hexes adjacent to Vago (2930) ar Keflavik (1832), but not stacked with any other unit Pralv (SN) Key (SN) Lasky (SN) VEgnr (SN) Magnit (88) Misty (68) ‘SPECIAL RULES, 1. The US P3 unit mast perform either a Tactical Coordination of t Reconmassance strategic mission. It cannot activate. As 4 result, each player has only one Action Segment per Action Phase: surface for the NATO player and submarine for the Soviet player. 2, NATO CR units are sunk if they suffer a damage result, 3. As soon as a NATO unit (including surface combat unit) enters Holy Loch/Faslane, Reykjavik, or Bergen, itis removed from the map. The NATO player receives Victory Points (VP) for this accomplishment (See "Victory Conditions"). 4. Soviet submarines can attack NATO units occupying base hexes by Torpedo Combat (but not NATO units removed from the map; see 3 above). Such combat is resolved normally GAME LENGTH 10 Game Turns VICTORY CONDITIONS ‘The NATO player gains and loses Victory Points as follows: Conon SiN ‘Bach CR that reaches Bergen (3926) $6 Each CR that reaches Holy Loch/Faslane (3726) +4 Bastuiiaharyreanhes ey biey! 1620 nr OOS Each NATO FF or DD sunk =1 ‘At the end of the game, the NATO player adds up his VP and consults the following chart to determine the winner: aro ve victory iva 46-54 NATO Substantive Victory 29.35 ‘Soviet Marginal Vietory Soviet Decisive Victory 413.5 SCENARIO 5: The Big Stick ‘acknouNos The recent Soviet invasion of Norway has stagnated due to fierce resistance ofthe Norwegian Brigade North and the "rapid deployment of supporting NATO forces tothe Nordkapp are. NATO intelligence has learned thatthe Soviets will shortly attempt to break the stalemate by dropping the 76th Guards Airborne Divie sion on critical Norwegian airfields, such as Bodo and Banak, while ‘marines and commandos from the 34th Naval Infantry Regiment land simultaneously on the Norwegian coast behind NATO lines. In addition, itis expected thatthe Soviets will attempt to land fengincers on Spitsbergen in order to seize and lengthen the run- ‘way of the Longyearbyen landing stip. ‘The US Navy's 2nd Fleet has been directed to divert a strong airraft carrer battle group to the Norwegian Sea to thwart these Soviet moves. This force, labeled Task Force 201, has been ordered to clear the Norwegian Sea of Soviet shipping and to prevent the landing of Soviet amphibious forces onthe Norwegian coast. Task Group 20.1 consists of the new carrier Theodore Roosevelt (CYN-11), plus the escorts South Carolina (CGN-31), Vincennes (CG-49), Spraance (DD-963), Luce (DDG-38), Moosbrugger (DD-980), and Reuben James (FFG-57), Depioyed onboard Roosevelt is Cartier Air Wing 15, consisting of two F-14 Tomeat squadrons (VE-51. ‘Screaming Eagles” and VF-111. “Sun downers”), two F-18 Homer squadrons (VA-27 “Royal Maces’” ‘and VA-97 Warhawks"), one A+6 Iniruder squadron (VA-52 ““Knightriders”), and one’ EA-6 Prowler squadron (VAQ-134 “Garudas"), Norwegian P.3B Orion reconnaissance flights have reported t0 the task group that a significant Soviet naval force has put to sea, including the airraft carriers Kiev and Baku, as wel asthe nvclear~ powered emiser Frunze — one of the most powerfully armed war ships inthe word. Ic also eppears that about eight cargo and troop transport vessels are accompanying the task fore, escorted by & handful of destroyers MAP Use only the north map. Units are not allowed to exit the map.DEPLOYMENT NATO (set up first) 2119: se acaven Revit (USICY) On Rovit acrs (USICG) Fig (USAND <2 scira (US/C6) Fis (USIND x2 Space (US/DD) AS (USIATK) Lise (US/DD) EAS (USIATE) Mabge (SID) Janes (USIFF) Soviet (set up second) ‘Any sea or dit ie hex or exes inthe Barents Sea Zone canbe On Baht splitupand bestacked with AA Y36 NT) oF CR nls " Kiev (CW) sie Baw CY) City aA) | mm co Obsky (AA) Fme (CO) Krsky (AA) Kink (CO) Pehor (AA) Omk (DD) Beloy (AA) Obey (DD) 2901 Spmv (DD) Yaura (CR) Uloy (DD) ney (CR) nm Kiev Trot (CR) ¥36 ONT) SPECIAL RULES 1. All units of both sides are detected throughout the scenario, 2. Neither player can allocate air units to strategic missions, 3. Since neither player has submarines, each player has only two Actions Segments per Action Phase: one for surface units and the other for air units 4. The US A6 and F18 units can each make one SSM attack per game, The F18's SSM Range/Attack Value is 1/30 (1/15 if the unit is damaged); the A6's SSM Range/Attack Value is (0 2/20 ifthe unt is damaged), When one of these air units 2nd Fleet Rules, Page 29 ‘makes its SSM attack, the NATO player should record this fact (on a piece of paper. 58. Soviet AA and CR units are permitted to’end their move- ‘ment in NATO base hexes. Ifthey do so, they are removed from the game and the Soviet player may receive Victory Points, even if the AA units are damaged. Also, if a Soviet AA unit ends its movement in Lofoten (3315), itis removed from the map and the Soviet player receives Victory Points. (See “Victory Conditions."*) 6. No surface units can enter a fiord hex for the duration of the gamo (except Soviet CR/AA units entering NATO bases in fiord hexes; see 5, above). 7. Soviet CR units aro sunk if they receive a damage result GAME LENGTH 6 Game Turns VICTORY CONDITIONS ‘The Soviet player gains and loses Victory Points (VP) as victony Each US CG sunk +5 Each CR unit that reaches Longyearbyen (2106) +4 Each US DD sunk 42 Each US alr unit destroyed 4 Each Soviet CV or CG sunk -1 At the end of the game, the Soviet player adds up his VP and consults the following chart to determine the winner: 20-24 Soviet Substantive Victory 10-14 NATO Marginal Victory Bor less NATO Decisive Vietory2nd Fleet Rules, Page 30 Intermediate Game Rules 14.0 Airfields and Ports “There is a rank due fo the United States Ce re ee ee RY) ‘absolutely lost, by the reputation of weakness. en kar Ma ae a ti) ee a ee ier) een ee ae] ee ee Ua Vagal = President George Washington In Intermediate and Advanced Scenarios, airfields can be tacked by SSM and Bombing Combat. In Advanced Scenarios using the Logistics option (see 20.0), ports can be attacked by SSM and Bombing Combat. Landing strips ean never be at tacked. Ifa player attacks a hex containing a porvairfield eom- bination, le must specify whether he is attacking the port or the airfield. 44.4 ATTACKING AIRFIELDS AND PORTS ‘An attack on an airfield or port cannot be combined with attacks on surface units occupying that base hex. An attack on id or port is separate and distinct from all other attacks. An airfield or port can be attacked an unlimited number of times by different active forces in a given Action Segment, = = See ait ° (Close Anti-Air Value: Each base ex has a Close Anti-Air value printed in its hex (in addition to its Intrinsic Defense value; see 18.5). When attacked by SSM or Bombing Combat, the Close Anti-Air value is used by the base in its defensive combat calculation. Surfuce units stacked in a port or airfield hex at the moment of combat cannot contribute their Area or Close Anti-Air values to the portairfield that is being attacked, However, CAP units in an airfield hex can contribute to the Pottiairfield’s defense in SSM (never Bombing) Combat. The following modifiers are applied to an aifield's Close AntiAir value in SSM Combat: * For each US F14 unit in a CAP mission over the airfield, add 2 to the Close Anti-Air value. ** For each non-F14 INT unit in a CAP mission over the air- field, add 1 to the Close Anti-Air value, ‘+ When an EW air unitis part of an attacking stack executing Bombing or SSM Combat, subtract 1 from the Close Anti- Air value ‘A base can contribute its Close Anti-Air value to surface units occupying that hex which are the targets of SSM or Bomb- ing Combat. Add the base's Close Anti-Air value to the tar- sels’ Close Anti-Air values in defensive combat Resolving Attacks on Airfield and Ports: Airfields and ports are always detected (although units inthe airfields/ports must be detected in order to be attacked), Bombing Combat against airfields or ports is resolved normally. However, in SSM Combat against an airfield or port, the attacker must subtract ‘our from his atack die rollin addition to the normal subtrat tion for the defense modifier. (Modifies for flords and for the lack of friendly surface units ina hex adjacent tothe target hex. are ignored; see 10.4.) When a combat result of 5 or more is achieved by a Bombing or SSM attack on a port or airfield, the target airfield/port is damaged or destroyed as per the in- structions of the following char: Foner Sor less None 56 Damage 1 19 Damage 2 10-11 Destroyed If an airfield or port is damaged, place a Damage marker ‘of the appropriate type (1 or 2) in the hex. If an airfield or port is destroyed, place a Destroyed ("Destroy") marker inthe hex. Damage is cumulative, Ifa port or airfield at Damage I receives another Damage 1 result flip the marker over to its Damage 2 side. Any port or airfield reaching a cumulative damage level above Damage 2 is destroyed Note: In hexes with portairfield combination, Damage markers affect only the port or airfield that was specified as the target of an attack, Players may wish to make a note of whether a Damage marker applies to the port or the airfield in such a hex. Effects of Damage: Air units are not affected by a Damage 1 or Damage 2 result, but they are unable to activate, initiate Strategic Air Missions, or perform CAP from a damaged air- field, Air units already on a strategic mission when their air- field is damaged continue their mission; they can return to any friendly airfield except a destroyed one within the-zone in which they began the mission (damaged or not), subject to stacking restrictions (see 6.2). Air units on CAP when thei airfield is ‘damaged remain on their CAP mission and take no damages they must return to the damaged airfield in the CAP Landing Phase. ‘The Close Anti-Air value of a damaged airfield is stil fune- tional. A damaged port cannot be used for in-port replenish- ‘ment (See 20.0). Effects of Destruction: Air units occupying a destroyed air- field are eliminated from play, including all units on CAP in the hex. CAP units are eliminated during the CAP Landing Phase. The elimination of these units counts for Vietory Point Purposes in the Advanced Game (see 28.5), Air units on Strategic Air Missions when their airfield is destroyed continue their missions; they can return to any friendly airfield, except ‘destroyed airfield, within the zone in which they began their ‘mission, Air units that cannot return to an airfield are eliminated in the Strategic Air Mission Termination Phase and count for Victory Points purposes ‘A destroyed airfield is not functional for the remainder of the game. A destroyed port cannot be used for in-port replenish ment (see 20.0). A destroyed port or airfield cannot be attacked again; its Close Anti-Air value is no longer functional. ‘Tactical Coordination: An attacker can use Tactical Coordi- nation (see 7.4) to enhance attacks against airfields and ports 14.2 REPAIR ‘Damaged airfields and ports can be repaired. Inthe Repair Phase ofthe Terminal Cycle (which oocurs in Night Game Turns only), all Damage 1 markers are removed from the map; all ‘Damage 2 markers are reduced to Damage 1. Destroyed ports and airfields cannot be repaired.415.0 Intermediate Scenarios DO ue ua cannot live in peace; in the end, one or the eR Payee) ee ava Intermediate Scenarios are similar to the Introductory Scenarios, but they take slightly longer to play and use more units. As with the Introductory Scenarios, all Game Tufns in Intermediate Scenarios are day. All drift ice hexes ae considered 45.4 SCENARIO 6: Into the Norwegian Sea ackcnowNb: Prior to its planned attack on Norway, the Soviet ‘Stavka has ordeted the Red Banner Northern Fleet to sortie from its bases in the Kola Peninsula to clear the Norwegian Sa of NATO. warships. Following this operation, the Soviet let has been directed to prevent the reinforcement of Norway by interdicting NATO ship- ping lanes, Six attack submarines wil participate in the iil sweep own the Norwegian coast, including Pyotr Paspelov, a 40-knot Alfa, and Volga, 2 14,000-ton Oscar. In addition, a strong surface bate group has been formed at Murmansk to support ths ope tion. Tis force includes Kiev, a VSTOL aircraft carrier, and Prune, 828,000 ton nuclear cruiser of the Kirov class, A large force of Soviet naval aircraft has also been ordered to support the opera- tion from airfields within the Kola, Included in ths force is full regiment of T-16C Badger strike aircraft, a squardon of MiG-23, Flogger interceptors, and a squadron of Su-27 Flanker fighter bombers. “The Soviet offensive has come asa complete surprise to NATO naval forces. Only a small Norwegian standing naval force, con- sisting of a handful of Hauf-clas patrol boats, wo frigates, and ‘single submarine will be able to contest the Soviets initially. SACLANT is moving three nuclear attack submarines tothe area With orders to initiate ASW operations against Soviet submarines. These boats are: USS La Joli (SSN-701), USS Olympia (SSN-T17), and HMS Trafalgar (S-i07). A Royal Navy flotilla is also hastily sailing northwards to block the Soviet movement, This force co: sists of the aieraft carrer Illustrious (R-06, carrying 800 Squad- ron of Sea Harrier FRS.1 fighters), Birmingham (D-86), Glasgow (D-88), Arrow (F-173), Boxer (F-92), Batleaxe (F-89), Minerva FFe45), and Andromeda (F-57). A detachment of RAR Nimrod raitne reconnaissance areraft from 201 Squadron at RAF Kinloss 12s been deployed to Norway to support the operation. Also, 333 Squadron ofthe Royal Norwegian Air Force is currently operat 2 several P-3B Orions from airfields in northern Norway Norwegian F-16 fighters from 331 and 338 Squadrons have been dered to fly continuous patrols over north Norway to protect NATO shipping and to engage Soviet aircraft attempting to attack the critical Norwegian airfields MAP Use only the north map, Units are not allowed to exit the map. ‘SPECIAL RULES 1. The UK HAR unit can make one SSM attack in the game, 1 has an SSM Range/Attack Value of 2/40 (2/20 if the unit is damaged), 2. The US SN Olypa can make one cruise missile (CM) 88M attack inthe game. A CM attack is considered normal SSM com- bat, but it can be used only against an enemy airfield. The air- field's Close Anti-Air value and CAP (if any) are taken into account in defensive combat against « CM attack, but the attacker does nor subtract 4 from his atiack die roll as he normally would in an SSM attack against port or airfield (see 14.1). Unlike normal SSM attacks, a cruise missile attack can transit full land hexsides on the way to the target. The SSM Range/Attack Value of a CM attack is 25/60 (25/40 if Olypa is damaged). 2nd Fieet Rules, Page 31 DEPLOYMENT NATO (set up firs) ‘Any sea. dif ee hees On rs snl’ ete of Rjrmoya HAR.” (UKINT) Gath an bee wp 3K0. (KIA) | ane bx | lym (USISN) say ata wt 3 bee of) lah (USI) Pome al ‘ge (URS) ee. 3311: owso Together nay 04 Bex swtin 3 bees of Trondeim Bere (NOVFF om Siar (NOIFH The OKICY) Pe (NOC) Brnkm (UK/DD) FES2_(NOIFO) Gigw (UK/DD) Any altel i Norway dey mew (OKIE, cna hve co be nh se ower (OKIE) sao ine (UK Fie. NomND3a Mace (UKE Pi (wolnenyx2 Andi (UKE Nim (URIREN) eee ce ae Soviet (set up second) Any sea or drift ce hexes in 05: wens | Greeniand Sea Zane, but | stacked with oa Fam (eo) stac ‘adjacent to eee fny NATO unit (hey can ont | sttck together Ea | pray oc Manit (65) Othy (DD) ‘Together in any sea hex Udloy (DD) within 2 heses of Pechenga Mosh (FF) (3608) Ormiy (FF) Flv 6) Vane GN) (on Kiev Mian) 36. aNT) 3705: roan Volga (SN) Sues aaerviv ses GND) anon S27 Nt) T16D (RCN) TIC (ATKx2 OSE (RCN) TIE EW) 18 (RCN) ‘GAME LENGTH 6 Game Turns VICTORY CONDITIONS ‘The Soviet player gains Victory Points (VP) as follows: UK CV Mes sunke 3 Each NATO DD sunk 3 Each NATO INT aie unit destroyed 2 Each Destroyed combat result achieved against a NATO airfield 9 ‘Each Damage | combat result achioved against a NATO airfield 32nd Fleet Rules, Page 32 Note: Victory Points for damaging NATO airfields are awarded fon the basis of the actual combat result, not on cumulative damage levels. For example, an airfield with a Damage 1 marker that receives another Damage 1 result has its marker adjusted to Damage 2, but the Soviet player receives only 3 VP for this new result (in addition tothe 3 VP forthe first Damage 1 result). ‘The Soviet player loses VP as follows: victory cconorion rows Each Soviet CV or CG sunk -2 ‘Bach Soviet FFy DD, SSy or SNsunk) = Each Soviet INT or ATK air unit destroyed [tthe end ofthe game, the Soviet player adds up his VP and. consuls the following chart to determine the winner: tomer Veron uve 3337 Soviet Substantive Victory 21-26 'NATO Marginal Victory 1S ores NATO Decisive Victory 45.2 SCENARIO 7: In Harm's Way sxcxcrousp: World War 3 has begun. American ground forces are ‘currently in combat in Korea, central Burope, and the Middle East, and a ferocious naval battle is taking place in the Mediterranean, [News from the fighting fronts is sketchy, ‘although several false reports of Soviet milear missile Iounchings have triggered near- panics in American and western European cities. 'NATO intelligence has reported that large numbers of Soviet ‘SSBN’s are putting to sea and are congregating in large "bastions" {nthe Barents Sea ad the Sea of Okhotsk. These bastions are readily defensible by Soviet ar, surface, and sub-surface forces; asa result, pinpointing and eventually destfoying the SSBN’s isa vireally im- possible task for NATO ASW forces. ‘Upon being informed ofthe establishment of the Soviet bastions, ‘Wester political leaders have become seriously concerned about the possiblity of a massive Soviet first strike against Europe and ‘Amerie, In an extremely controversial move, American military planners have convinced NATO political leaders to allow Western aval frees to attempt to penetrate the bastions in order to destroy as many Soviet SSBN's as possible. This plan has been loudly erii- ‘ized forts escalator effet on Soviet strategy: Could the penetra- tion of the bastions imply to the Soviets that NATO is secking a safe frststrike capability without fear of massive retaliation? Apart from the escalatory issue, many high-ranking NATO naval officers have questioned the wisdom of sending naval frees directly into ‘the jas of powerful Soviet land-based ar power in areas so remote from friendly bases: Would not these forces be better employed in securing the Atlantic and Pacific sea lanes? Despite these obec~ tions, Western leaders have agreed to initiate an anti-SSBN cam= ign against the bastions. ‘While preparing forthe operation, SACLANT has learned that five Soviet SSBN's have just recently departed ports inthe Kola Peninsul It appears that they are escorted by several atack sub- marines and a single surface action group, including the VSTOL. carrier Kiew. More disturbing, however, isthe report that two regi- ‘ments of Soviet naval aircraft are being readied for operations at Kola airfields, including @ squadron of T-26 Backfires. For his inital penetration of the Barents Sea bastion, SACLANT has four highly effective ASW submarines at his disposal: HMS Trafalgar (8-107), USS La Jolla (SSN-701), USS Newport News (SSN-750), and USS Pogy (SSN-647). In addition, a powerful carrier batle group, consisting of the cartier Theadore Roosevelt (CYN-11, the cruisers Virginia (CGN-38) and South Carolina (CGN-37), and the destroyers Conolly (DD-979) and Moosbrugger (DD-980), has been ordered to suppor the operation. Also proceed ing to the scene is the Standing Naval Force Atlantic, which has been directed to assist the US/Britsh forces in hunting Soviet sub- Iatines, This force consists of the Dutch frigate Wire de Wich (F-813), the Canadian destroyer Huron (DDH-281), the West Gorman destroyer Molders (D-186), the US frigate Reuben James (FFG-57), and the British frigae Boxer (F-92).. Carrier Air Wing 1, deployed onboard Roosevelt is being pre- pared for action against Soviet sireraft operating from the Kola ar- fields. This wing consists of two F-14 Tomear squadrons (VF-33 “Tarsirs" and VE-102 “Diamondbacks") two F-18 Home squad rons (VA-46 “Clansmen"” and VA-T2 “Blue Hawks”), one A-6 Ireruder squadron (VA-34 “Blue Blasters”), one EA-6 Prowler squadron (VAQ-135 Ravens"), one E-2C Hawkeye squadron (VAW.123 “‘Screw Tops”), and one $-3 Viking squadron (VS-32), In addition two F-16 squadrons and one P-3B squadron of the Royal Norwegian Air Force are prepared to support SACLANT’s opera tion from airfields in northern Norway. MAP Use only the north map. Units are not allowed to exit the map. DEPLOYMENT Soviet (set up first) 3605: woRaLANsK 3508 3704 Kisky (6B) Vigéa (SB) Kimya (8B) 3705: rouvannyy 3604 Dady (68) Krsk (68) ‘Any sea or dit fee hexes ‘within 3 hexes of Bjornoya ‘Together in any ven oF drift fee hex within 3 hexes of {2708}, wit mo stacked with Pechenge (3605) ny other unit Kev (CY) On Kier Fialv_ ($8) Nato (CO) y3g aT) YGugr (SN) Spmv (DD) Don (SN) ley (BD) Pav GN) rin (FF) Vide 88) 3905: saunensrnoy 306: KaLPvAvE Mas aND) 76 (ATK) T6D (RCN) Tigc (aT) WSF (RCN) Mas aNT) 18 (RCN) sz ND BR CN) TISe (EW) (ATO (setup second) Toe in ary or di Any sea or drift ce hex in Nfayen 4) Barents Sea Zone, but not Der Sean bt cy See a ee ie espe Croly (US/DD) bobble eee) (211), bt ot tacked with ORM any other unit, i aneaa Fig (USINT)x2 Tei a6 US/ATK) Serer sisi EAS (USIEW) S8 (USIRCN) Em WUS/AEW) Any lefelds in Norway (do ‘Together in any sea hex with In hexes of Andoya (3313) Huron (CA/DD) ‘ot have tobe in same Molar «WGIDD) aired) Boxer (UKIFF) FI6 (NOMNT)x2 Janes (USIFR) PS (NOMRCN) x2 WoeWe (NEIFF) NIM (UKIRCN)SPECIAL RULES 1. US F18, A6, and $3 air units ean each make one SSM attack isthe game, An F18 has an SSM Range/Attack Value of 1/30 15 if the unit is damaged); the A6 and $3 have en SSM Range/Attack Value of 2/40 (2/20 if the unit is damaged), 2. The US CG $Cina can make one cruise missile (CM) SSM sszack in the game. A CM attack is considered normal SSM Combat, but it can be used only against an enemy airfield. The sirfield’s Close Anti-Air value and CAP (if any) are taken into count in Defensive combat against a CM attack, but the ‘ker does not subtract 4 from his Attack die roll as he ‘ormally would in an SSM attack against a port or airfield (see 4.1). Unlike normal SSM attacks, cruise missile attacks can transit full Iand hexsides on the way to the target. The SSM Range/Attack Value of a CM attack is 25/60 (25/40 if SCina s damaged), GAME LENGTH 6 Game Tums f VICTORY CONDITIONS The Soviet player gains and loses Victory Points (VP) as ollows: 2nd Fleet Rules, Page 33 conomon ‘one Each Soviet SB ending the game in the Each NATO CG or SN sunk +3 Each NATO FF sunk or INT/ATK air unit destroyed +1 Each Soviet DD, FF, SN, or $S sunk ‘At the end of the game, the Soviet player adds up his VP and. ‘consults the following chart to determine the winner: 33 or more} Soviet Decisive Victory) 26-32 Soviet Substantive Vietory (20-25 Soviet Marginal Victory 14.19 NATO Marginal Victory 7413 NATO Substantive Vietory Gor less NATO Decisive Vietory 45.3 SCENARIO 8: The Battle of the Gap sxexcounp: The Soviet invasion of Norway has been underway + owo weeks, Soviet ground forces, paratroops, and marines have cleared the Norwegian coast as far south as Narvik; meanwhile, Soviet Navy stands riumphant in the Norwegian Sea — not a ssngle NATO warship is currently situated north ofthe Greenland- Jand-UK gap. Siavka has determined that the time is ripe for ching a major interdiction effor against NATO's North Adantic Shipping lanes. The Red Banner Northern Fleet has been ordered prevent the passage of NATO merchant ships from the United Stes and Canada to Europe, Submarines wil be the main tools ® this eampaign, but major surface forces and long-range atack sircrat operating out of airfields on the Kola Peninsula will be readily available to support the submarines and to engage NATO surface forces if necessary. NATO intelligence has reported to SACLANT that no less than Soviet attack submarines are currently in position to launch this smpaign. Over half these boats have already penetrated the GIUK fap and are currently shadowing American cargo vessels en route Britain, Report from Nimrod reconnaissance fights from the RAF’s 206 Squardon, operating out of Stornoway in the Hebrides, indicated that two major Soviet surface task forces ae also paring to transit the gap into the North Alantic. One group i- s the VSTOL carrier Kiey and the cruiser Frunze; the other group includes a second VSTOL carrer, Baku. Ii also estimated «over 100 Soviet long-range attack and reconnaissance aircraft wil suppor this campaign from the Kola Peninsula ‘The situation in the North Adantic is critical for NATO. There se currently three small convoys of American cargo ships and tankers en route to Briain, each of which is carrying significant withdraw, Accident: The NATO player rolls the die again to determine 2nd Fleet Rules, Page 49 the affected player. On an odd roll, the accident applies to the Soviet player; on an even roll (including "*0"), the accident applies to the NATO player. The player who is nor affected by the accident must now choose any single undamaged CG, CL, DD, or FF unit (notin a port) belonging to the enemy player; the chosen unit has suffered an accident and is damaged. If there are no eligible units to choose from, the accident has no effect. ‘Submarine Accident: The NATO player rolls the die again to determine the affected player as described above. The affected player must choose a single submarine, damaged or undamaged, that he controls. The chosen submarine has suffered an accident and is sunk; itis considered eliminated for Victory Point pu poses, The submarine selected must occupy a sub-ocear ‘mouniain hex if possible; if there are no friendly submarines in these hexes, it can be chosen from any of those on the map. Ifthere are no submarines on the map, ths result has no effect. Reinforcements Enhanced: The NATO player rolls the die again to determine the affected player as described above. The affected player adds 3 to his Reinforcement Table die ros for the remainder of the game (see 26.0), This result has no effect if it happened earlier in the game to the same player. Example: The NATO player receives this enhancement on Game Turn 4. On Game Turn 10, this special event occurs again, Ifthe second die roll even, there is no effet (the NATO player cannot ‘receive the benefit again). Ifthe second rolls odd, then the Soviet player gets the enhancement Reinforcements Delayed: The NATO player rolls the die again to determine the affected player as described above. The affected player does not roll for reinforcements during the Reinforce ment Phase of the eurrent Strategic Cycle and the Reinforce: ment Phase of the next Strategic Cycle (three Game Turns from now). This event can happen a number of times in @ game t0 the same player, Automatic Escalation: The Soviet strategy is automatically escalated by one box to the maximum allowed (see 27.0),2nd Fleet Rules, Page 50 26.0 Reinforcements Each player has a Reinforcement Track which records the status of his reinforcements. Depending on the scenario’s Pre- paredness Level (see 28.0), a player’s Reinforcement marker begins the game in a different box on his Reinforcement Track. ‘As a player's Reinforcement marker advances, he receives reinforcements Daring the Reinforcement Phase ofthe Strategic Cycle, stat- ing with Game Turn 4, both players rol the die and consult the Reinforcement Table. Each player's die roll is eross- referenced with his column, The result wil be a number; this isthe number of boxes thatthe player's Reinforcement marker sxlvanes on his Reinforcement Track. For example if player's Reinforcement marker occupies the 13 box and a 7 result is obiained on the Reinforcement Table, the marker is advanced to the 20 box. ‘The Reinforcement Charts: Each player has a Reinforcement ‘Chart printed on the Deployment/Reinforcement Cards. The chart isa series of consecutively numbered groups, each nu ‘ered group corresponding to box onthe player's Reinforee- ment Track. When the Reinforcement marker advances, a player receives the reinforcement groups corresponding to the boxes through which the Reinforcement marker moved and includ ing the box in which the marker ends. For example, if the Rein- forcement marker advanced from box 23 to box 30, the player receives reinforcement groups 24 through 30 (inclusive). ‘Note that on the Reinforcement Charts replenishment units (AM, CS, ST, TK) are printed in italics. These units do nor come in as reinforcements unless the Logistics option is being used (see 20.0). Special Events Table: The Special Events Table may call for ‘die roll addition toa player's Reinforcement Table die rolls. Also, it may prohibit a player from consulting the table for a certain period of play (see 25.3). ‘When reinforcements are made available to a player, he consults his Reinforcement Chart to determine the exact units he receives, Each reinforcement group consists of one or more units, specified by name, type, and (for the NATO player) country. Each group also has a placement hex or locale indicated for it. ‘Subject to the limitations listed below, these reinforcements are immediately placed on the map. Note that Parachute reinforce~ ‘ments are simply placed aside for later use (see 28.3) Placement Restrictions: Surface and air unit reinforcements can be placed on the map in violation of stacking restrictions, but they must adhere to these restrictions at the end of the ensuing Action Phase. If an airfield at which an air unit rein- forcement arrives is destroyed or controlled by the enemy player, itcan be placed in any friendly airfield on the map. Ifthe port at which NATO surface or submarine reinforcements arrive is controlled by the Soviet player, the reinforcements are not aval- able forthe est of the game, Ifa non-base arrival hex is enemy- ‘occupied, the reinforcements can be placed in any empty or friendly-occupied mapedge hex within four hexes of the origi- nal arrival hex. ‘Special US Reinforcements: Immediately before NATO rein- forcement group 35 is placed on the map, the NATO player ‘must rll the die. On an even die rll, the NATO player receives the US CV Jnpdn (plus its assigned air units); on an odd die roll, he receives the US BB /owa. The NATO player receives ‘one or the other of these units, not both. 27.0 Soviet Strateg ‘At the start of the game, the Soviet player must choose a strategy. He has four choices: Defensive, Restricted, Untes- tricted, and World War 3. The Soviet player places the Soviet Original ("Orig") Strategy marker in the box corresponding to his strategy on the Soviet Strategy Track, Soviet strategy has two effects: Invasion of NATO Bases: The current Soviet strategy deter- mines the NATO bases that the Soviet player can invade (see 18,1), Listed under each box of the Soviet Strategy Track are the names of bases that ean be invaded at that Soviet strategy level, For example, with an Unrestricted strategy, the Soviet player can invade Hofn and Bodo, but not Wick. Victory Conditions: Victory conditions depend on the original (not current) Soviet strategy (see 28.6). [By means of escalation, the Soviet strategy can progress on the Soviet Strategy Track. The Soviet player does not choose escalation voluntarily; escalation takes place only due to special events or NATO actions. If escalation does occur, place the Soviet Current (“"Curr") Strategy marker in the box to which the strategy has escalated; the Original Strategy marker remains in place. The current strategy determines the NATO bases the Soviet player can invade. ‘The highest strategy is ‘*World War 3."" If the Current Strategy marker reaches this box, no further escalation can ‘occur, although the NATO player can perform actions that ‘would normally cause escalation (see below). ‘The Soviet strategy escalates based on these conditions: * Special Events: Due tothe "Automatic Escalation” result on the Special Events Table, the Soviet strategy escalates one box (see 25.3). ‘© Nuclear Weapons: If the NATO player is the first to use nuclear weapons, the Soviet strategy escalates one box (see 21.0). In addition, the Soviet player receives Victory Points (ce 28.5), Sovier Bases: The firs time the NATO player atacks a Soviet por or airfield, the Soviet strategy escalates one box. This ‘ccurs only once per game. Also, the Soviet player receives Victory Points (see 28.5). Soviet SB's: The first time the NATO player attacks a Soviet SSB submarine, the Soviet strategy escalates one box. This ‘occurs only once per game, whether the SB is damaged or not. The Soviet player also receives Victory Points (see 28.5),28.0 Advanced Game Scenario De ae LBL Peet tae Se ee ea) ‘There is only one Advanced Scenario, but it ean be played in many different ways. To begin the Advanced Scenario, follow the procedure outlined below: 1. Choose Sides: One side must be the NATO player and the other must be the Soviet player. The NATO player controls all non-Soviet units. 2, Soviet Strategy: The Soviet player must select his original strategy (see 27.0), 3. Time of Year: The players must aree to the time of year at which the scenario will take place (see 16.0). 44. Game Length. The players must agree upon game length (see 28.1), 5. Preparedness Level: The player must agree upon a Prepared- ness Level (see 28.2), 6. Deploy: The players deploy their units on the map (see 28.3). In addition, each player's Reinforcement marker is placed in the appropriate box on his Reinforcement Track (see 26.0). 7. Begin Game: Place the Game Turn marker inthe first space ‘on the Game Turn Track. Place the Armistice marker in the “At Start” box on the Armistice Track. Begin Game Turn 1. 28.4 GAME LENGTH Depending on how much time the players wish to devote ‘o a game, they can make the Advanced Game shor’ or long. In games of short length, one is added to the Armistice Table ie rolls (see 25.1); in games of long length, there is no modifi- cation to the die rol ‘The game lasts until the Armistice marker reaches the ‘Armistice”” box or until the end of the 36th Game Turn, whichever comes first. 28.2 PREPAREDNESS LEVELS At the start of the game, the players must agree upon one of three Preparedness Levels: Low, Moderate, or High. The Preparedness Level determines the number of units available to the player at the start of the game. 28.3 DEPLOYMENT After selecting a Preparedness Level, the players must deploy their units on the map as per the instructions on their Deployment Charts (on the Deployment/Reinforcement Cards). Note that at Preparedness Level Moderate, the players deploy the units listed under this heading in addition tothe units listed under Preparedness Level Low; at Preparedness Level High, all units a all Preparedness Levels are deployed. Deployment is performed as follows: 1. Each player determines the number of Commando markers hhc has available, The die is rolled and the results the number of Commando markers the player receives; only one die rll is made no matter what the Preparedness Level. Commando markers are placed aside (see 18.4) 2. Each player locates the Parachute markers made available to him. At Preparedness Level Low, the Soviet player eceives 9 Parachute markers and the NATO player 3; at Preparedness Level Moderate, the Soviet player receives 12 2nd Fleet Rules, Page 54 markers and the NATO player 6; at Preparedness Level High, the Soviet player receives 15 markers and the NATO player 9. Parachute markers are placed aside (see 18.3). 3. Bach player deploys his rigid set-up units on the map. Set- up hexes for these unit ae printed on the Deployment Chart. 4. The players perform the free set-up procedure (see below). Note: Replenishment units ar printed in italics on the Deploy- tment Char. These units are deployed only ifthe Logistics option (see 20.0) is being used. Free Set-up Procedure: In all Preparedness Levels, each player has “free set-up" units. Free set-up units are ether individual sulbmatines or numbered groups of surface units. All fee set- Up units are provided with specific deployment instructions, although when they are placed on the map, they must adhere to the free set-up instructions (ee below). The free set-up proce dure is performed as follows: 1, The NATO player rolls the die. On an even result (includ- ing “0”), the NATO player can deploy either one of his free set-up submarines or one surface group. On an odd result, the Soviet player deploys one free set-up submarine or one surface group. ‘The players alternate rolling the die indefinitely to determine which player deploys a free set-up submarine or surface group. When one player has no more free set-up unit, no ‘more die ros are made and the player with remaining free setup units deploys them all on the map, Free Sel-up Restrictions: When free set-up units are deployed fon the map, they are subject to these placement restrictions * They cannot be deployed in or adjacent to any base hex; ‘They cannot be deployed in or adjacent to any hex contain- ing enemy unit ‘+ Submarines must be deployed individually in hexes, and they cannot be in or adjacent to a hex containing friendly units; * All units ina surface group must be deployed inthe same hex. ‘Task Group/Force Markers: Once all units are deployed on the map, both players can place Task Group/Force markers on their stacks of surface units on the map. Each player can place as many markers ashe wishes as long asthe restrictions of 6.2 are observed. Optional Deployment: In order to facilitate the set-up and to allow players to experiment withthe capabilites oftheir units, the players can decide before starting play to ignore the names of units in deployment instructions and instead select any unit of the same rype and nationality for set-up inthe indicated hex ot location. 28.4 NATO FIRST GAME TURN RESTRICTIONS In the first Game Turn of an Advanced Scenario, Air-to- ‘Air Combat in the Strategic Air Phase isthe only kind of com- bet that NATO units can freely initiate, During the Action Phase, rnp NATO unit can attack before at least one Soviet attack has taken place. Starting with Game Tur 2, there are no restric tions on combat initiation by either player. 28.5 VICTORY CONDITIONS Only the Soviet player gains and loses Victory Points (VP). ‘There are eight ways forthe Soviet player to gain VP: 1. NATO fist use of nuclear weapons (see 27.2); 2, NATO first atack on a Soviet port or airfield (se 27.2); 3. NATO first atack on a Soviet SB submarine (see 27.2); 4. Soviet control of NATO bases; 5. Soviet sea denial 22nd Fleet Rules, Page 52 6. Soviet CR units in NATO bases; 7. Soviet SB's surviving at the end of the game; 8. Soviet destruction of NATO units, ‘The Soviet player loses VP forthe following three reasons 1. Soviet first use of nuclear weapons; 2, NATO CR units in NATO bases; 3. NATO destruction of Soviet units. Gaining VP: The first time the NATO player performs any of the following actions, the Soviet player gains the indicated number of VP: aro ACTON roan First use of nuclear weapons 70 First attack on Soviet SB submarine 15 Whenever the Armistice marker advances to @ new box on the Armistice Track or at the end of Game Turn 36, the Soviet player receives VP for the following reasons: ‘+ Controlling NATO Bases: The Soviet player consults the NATO Bases Victory Point Chart for each NATO base he currently controls (see 18.5). The Soviet player continues to gui VP for controlled NATO hexes each time the Armistice marker advances. Ifthe game concludes atthe end of Game ‘Turn 36, the Soviet player also gains VP for controlling NATO bases. The VP value of that base is enhanced depend- ‘ng on which box the Armistice marker has just advanced into: Avan NS aarti Negotiations Begin Box x1 ‘Armistice Box oF end of game x3 Example: The Soviet player controle Vago when the Armistice ‘marker advances from the ‘Start’ bax tothe “Negotiations Begin" bor. The Soviet player checks the NATO Bases Victory Point Chart and sees that Vago is worth 2 VP, which multiplied ‘by I results inthe Soviet player receiving 2 VP. Later, the Armistice marker advances into the “‘Negonations Progress” bos: ‘the Sovier player now receives 4 VP for controling Vago. Assuming he controls the base when the Armistice marker moves into the Armistice" Box fending the game) or at the end of Game Turn 36, he would gain 6 VP. ‘+ Sea Denial: The Soviet player receives a variable number of ‘VP when the Armistice marker advances for each SS, SN, or Task Force (not Task Groups) in the Labrador Sea, North Alantic, British Isles, or Norwegian Sea Zones, The Soviet Player receives these VP each time the Armistice marker ‘advances or when the game ends (either because the “Armistice” box is reached or Game Turn 36 ends), Sion oGe FONE ean Labrador Sea Zone 4 Example: The Soviet player has one SS inthe Labrador Sea Zone, one Task Force in the British Isles Zone, and one SN inthe Norwegian Sea Zone when the Armistice marker moves ito the “Negotiations Begin” bax. The Sovet player immediately receives 44 VP for the SS, 3 VP for the Task Force, and 2 VP for the SN, for a total of 9 VP. When the Armistice marker ina later turn ‘advances into the ‘Negotiations Progress” bor, the Sowet player ‘has an SN tn the Labrador Sea Zone, an SS and an SN inthe North Atlantic Zone, and a Task Force in the Norwegian Sea Zone; ths, he recelves 12 VP (43+-3%+2m 2). The Soviet player receives more VP for sea denial when the “Armistice” box ts reached or atthe end of Game Turn 36. ‘The Soviet player receives additional VP for the following * Soviet SB Units: Depending on the curren’ strategy, the Soviet player receives a variable number of VP for each Soviet SB submarine that ends the game in any sea, drift ice, or pack ice hex on the map except in the Barents Sea Zone: uae ton Sieteor cess Defensive 0 Unrestricted 3 World Ward 6 ** Cargo Units: Soviet CR’s are permitted to end their move- ‘ment in a Soviet-controlied NATO port or airfield if there are no NATO surface or submarine units in the hex (see 18,5). ‘The Soviet player receives VP for each Soviet CR unit that reaches and “unloads” ina Soviet-controlled NATO port or airfield (including bases that are destroyed). As soon as a CR unit enters the NATO port or airfield, itis flipped over to its “Unloaded” side and is removed from the map and placed: aside, The Soviet player immediately notes down the VP he receives on his Player Record. A maximum of nwo Soviet R's can unload in the same NATO base; once unloaded, the CR unit cannot be activated again nor ean it be attacked. ‘The Soviet player receives a variable number of VP depend- ing on the zone in which the NATO base is located: wee or zone oF naTo roeramnan —W'SAnD Barents Sea Zone i Any other zone 10 Example: The Soviet player has one CR unit unloaded in Tromso SIL) in the Barents Sea Zone, and two CR's unloaded in Bodo (2516) and one CR wiloaded in Orland (3720) in the Norwegian Sea Zone, all of which are controlled by the Soviet player. The Soviet player receives 7 VP forthe unit im Tromso and 10 VP for the rest ofthe units, for a total of 37 VP (7++10+ 10+ 10=37), ** Destroying NATO Units: The Soviet player receives the fol- lowing VP for each NATO unit destroyed: tsmoveo wn eens (U2 Vareneeemmcemeaens ates BB 18 Ohne ‘AA (before invasion), CG, SN 8 FF, SS, AM, ST, TK, CS 4 ‘AA (after invasion) 2 cR 0 Losing VP: The Soviet player immediately loses 60 VP if he is the first player to use nuclear weapons. The Soviet player also loses VP atthe end of the game forthe following reasons: + NATO CR Units: ‘The Soviet player loses a variable number of VP for each NATO CR unit that reaches a NATO- controlled port. Once the unit reaches the port, the NATO CCR is immediately flipped over to its “Unloaded” side and. is removed from the map, and the NATO player notes down on his Player Record the port where the unit unloaded, A CCR unit cannot be attacked once it has been removed nor can be activated forthe rest ofthe game, Any number of NATO ‘CR units can be unloaded in a given NATO-controlled port, ‘The Soviet player still loses VP for the unloaded CR units even if he later gains control of the NATO port. The Soviet VP loss for NATO CR units is as follows:ato posto “nos Narvik (3412) 2 Regie (830) + Destroyed Soviet Units: The Soviet player loses VP for the following units when they are destroyed: CV eR AA (before invasion), CG, SN 8 DD, Chain FF, $8, AM, ST, TK, CS 4 INT of ATK aitunit=mi 47 AA (alter invasion) A CR, $8 ERE Recording VP: The Soviet player should record his VP gains on his Player Record as they occur. The NATO player records Soviet VP losses on his Player Record as they occur. At the end of the game, the NATO player's total VP are subtracted from the total Soviet VP to find the total Soviet VP gained. The players consult Levels of Vietory (see 28.6) to determine the winner and the level of victory 28.6 LEVELS OF VICTORY tthe end of the game, both players determine the total num= ber of Soviet VP and consult the victory conditions applying the original (not current) strategy listed below to determine e winner of the game: 2nd Fleet Rules, Page 53 Original Strategy: Defensive foverve——_victony rv. 421 to +40 Soviet Substantive Victory 20100 NATO Marginal Vietory dl or less NATO Decisive Victory Original Strategy: Restricted soveTve victory uve +32 to +56 Soviet Substantive Victory =18 to +6 NATO Marginal Victory =44 or less NATO Decisive Victory ‘Original Strategy: Unrestricted +73 to +107 Soviet Substantive Victory “+3t0 +37 NATO Marginal Victory =33 or less NATO Decisive Vietory Original Strategy: World War 3 som ve——_vicToRy ut 490 to +129 Soviet Substantive Victory +1010 +49 NATO Marginal Victory =31 or less NATO Decisive Vietory NOTABLE ERRATA ‘Counters. The Norwegian SS Ula should have an ASW value of, 1 (a0t N) on the reverse side of its counter. unit on CAP." 2nd Fleet Design Credits: Game Design and Development: Joseph M. Balkoski Editorial Development: Michael E. Moore Graphic Design: Ted Koller Cover Paintings: James Talbot Research Assistance: James O'Neill Editorial Assistance: Elizabeth Mizell Graphic Production: Rosaria Baldari Playlesting: Kevin Boylan, Michael Peck, Leonard Quam, Albert Reider, Ed Sullivan ‘Camera Dept. Supervision: Elaine M, Adkins Production:Rosatia Baldari, Ted Koller, Michael Moore, James Talbot, Colonial Composition, Monarch Services, Ine Project Oversight: W. Bill2nd Fleet Rules, Page 54 Situation Analysis Joseph M. Balkoski (Of all the inhospitable oceans fought over by the United States and Royal Navies throughout their histories, surely none was more formidable than the freezing Arctic. During the Second World War, ‘the notorious ‘north Russia run,” plowing the Arctic from Iceland to Murmansk, was the most unenviable of convoy assignments for American and British seamen. Transitingsubmavine-infested waters and fighting off swarms of German bombers based at northern ‘Norwegian airfields, these convoys ran a deadly gauntlet from the ‘moment they left port until they arrived at Murmansk. One con- voy that set out in July 1942, the infamous PQ-17, was virtually annihilate. Despite the unpleasant nature ofthe Aretc waters, the contem- porary United States Navy, along with its western European allies, Js placing increasing strategic emphasis onhis area, “I cannot con- ‘ceive of a NATO war in which we would not be putting not one, but several carrier battle groups into the Norwegian Sea at some Point. What we must do is seck out and destroy the Soviet cap- ability to interdict our uses ofthe sea," says Secretary ofthe Navy John Lehman. At the same time, the resurgent Soviet Navy has ‘underscored the importance ofthe Arctic an is surrounding waters {nits maritime strategy. Inthe event of conflict, itis apparent that these opposing strategies will meet each other head-on, and the Arctic will probably become the front line of the naval war. The Region “The Arctic is heavily emphasized in Soviet mame strategy because the Red Banner Norte Fleet, with headquarters in Murmansk, isthe only one of thei four regional lets that has 2 relatively unobstructed acces to the open ocean. Moreover, Murmansk, despite the fat that tis situated a 69° Nor late (270 miles north of te Arctic Cie, is an eer por all year round thanks tothe Gulf Stream. This warm water cree, Which flows northwards through the Adasen the Norwegian Sea and finaly around the Norwegian North Cape (Norskapp into the Barents Sea, prevents the establishment of pack ice inte welers adjacent to Murmansk. However, just a itl more than 100 miles sont ofthe North Cape, just beyond the flow of the Gulf Steam, ‘here are heavy ie floes around excep forthe summer, Despite unrestricted acces to Marmansk, these desolate waters ate n0 easy assignment for mariners. Even i summer, the fe expectancy of ‘man fling overboard is measied ony in minutes, moreover, storms are frequent and the capability of high-technology military ‘equipment unde such vigorous conditions will almost certainly be degraded ‘Athough the Northern Fest may be able to operate out of Murmansk and enter the Norwepian Seat wl, the fulliment of such a suategy is anther question entirely. If the Soviets intend {omounta sustained operation against NATO shipping lanes from Europe 10 America, they will perform no useful function i the Norwepian Sea; instead, they willbe forced to transit the strait. between Scotland and Greenland know in naval parlance asthe ““Greenland-celand-United Kingdom (GIUK) gap." While this surat is no comparable tothe Dardenelles or the Strait of Gbrar {itis over 500 miles from the tip of Scodnd to Teeand, the gap is obsructed by NATO-oontolled islands, such asthe Facros and te Shetlands, andi ined with underwater NATO sound suvel- lance (SOSUS) sites which re deadly curt in dtetng the sound signatures of Soviet warships atempting 10 transit the gap. Moreover, at any time excep the lite spring and summer, the Greenland-esland portion ofthe strait would be virally inse- cessible to surface ships because of ice Noes. Ifthe Soviets do ct intend to penetrate the GIUK gap and in- stead strive fora restricted srtegy seeking domination of only the Norwegian and Barents Seas, they willbe faced with hostile NATO forees safely ensconced in Norway, operating egnins Soviet naval forces from Norwegian bases, If the Soviet attempt to size ‘Norway, especialy the remote Finnmark are inthe north that con- ‘ins the most significant Norwegian airfields and ports, they will be faced witha difficult and campaign across an Arctic wasteland with few roads and a mean winter temperature of — 14° Fahren- het. Ifthe Soviets attempt an amphibious end run around Finnmark, they will encounter a hostile Norwegian shore wholly unsuited for amphibious operations. The Norwegian coast is almost as long as the easter seaboard ofthe United States. tis marked by a virwaly ‘continuous series of deep, iregular glacial fiords; it would be & dificult task at best to gain control ofthis coast. ‘The unusual lighting conditions of the Arctic could also affect military operations within the area signiicanily. In the Arctic winter, the sun does not rise above the horizon; only a weak twilight for ‘wo hours or so per day provides any respite from continuous dark. ness, During the summer, the sun never sets, tracing a low path ‘around the sky, providing perpetual, albeit hardly cheerful sunlight, NATO Strategies Until very recently, the GIUK gap was considered the prospec- tive fron line for NATO ina future war at sea. The gap was viewed. 15a potential barrier to Soviet warships, particularly submarines, attempting to penetrate into the north Atlantic shipping lanes 10 imterdict NATO convoys, In strategic sense, this was a defensive strategy. Recently, however this strategy has been significantly altered by offensive-minded revisionists with the US Navy. The ‘new doctrine, articulated by Secretary ofthe Navy John Lehman, emphasizes greater aggressiveness on the part of NATO naval fores. “The qualitative and quantitative transformation ofthe Soviet fleet required a wholesale revision of American naval strategy,” says Lehman, “Such a strtegy had to recognize thatthe United States had no margin of safety in merchant marine or salt assets, ‘The Soviets have built submarine force and forward deployed it to take advantage of this US weakness, The answer and the ‘corresponding strategy thus became clear build-up the lett regain the vital supremacy of the seas, develop a forward strategy that ‘would dominate the northern and southern flanks of NATO, and in doing s0, throw the Soviets on the defensive,”” Lehman's new maritime doctrine implies that NATO naval forces, including precious US Navy carrier battle groups, will con ‘duct sustained operations north of the GIUK gap. These forays appear to have a threefold purpose: first, to provide the north Atlantic shipping lanes with some breathing room: second, to assure the survival of Norway in the event of a Soviet attack; and third, to prevent the Soviet Navy from using the Barents Sea as an unassailable refuge, ‘Underaking a naval campeign north of the GIUK gap, particu: larly north ofthe Arctic Circle, will be no easy task. Considering the dearth of significant NATO naval bases in the area, logistics willbe of paramount importance. Due tote bulk of high-technology naval weaponry, modern warships carry relatively small amounts ‘of ammunition; moreover, they have the potential to expend it at an alarming rate. When a NATO warship rons out of ammunition inthe Baremts Sea, t will most likely have to be replenished at sea from vulnerable supply ships that cary only limited quantities of provisions. On the other hand, Soviet warships will be able to replen: ‘sh in the safety of nearby ports. Lehman's supporters point out that the British taskforce that set sail for the Falklands in April 1982 was a relatively large fleet that was able to conduct successful operations in Ati like waters thousands of miles away from a friendly base It must he remem- bered, however, thatthe Argentine Navy never contested contol ‘of the islands and the task force's ammunition expenditure was limited to shore support and air defense — a very different mater than facing the bulk ofthe Red Banner Northern Fleet and the Back- Jires of Soviet naval aviation. When one considers the BritishFalklands experience, one must also note the vulnerability of ship- ping to land-based air power. Hardly a Royal Navy warship was unscathed by the aggressive Argentine air atacks conducted around the islands. The Argentine Air Force was relaively antiquated when used inthis ole, relying primarily on gravity bombs delivered by 1950's vintage aircraft. (The vaunted Exocet was used on only a handful of occasions.) The sophisticated Soviet aircraft stationed in the Kola Peninsula that would contest any NATO move into the Norwegian Sea represeat infinitely greater power than that faced by the British in Operation Corporate. Many NATO naval officers fare not enthusiastic about taking their warships so directly into harm's way" as called for in Lehman's strategy. “The major eriticism of a NATO forward strategy, however, is its escalatory effect on the conduct of wat. Since the birth of the riiclear age, American military policy has emphasized that in the ‘vent of war, its aim must be to limit the scope ofthe conflict and to prevent the outbreak of a general nuclear exchange. Many defense observers question whether 2 NATO naval offensive into the Norwegian and Barents Seas will violate ths principle. Placing the Soviets on the defensive in an area that was, until very recently, considered a Soviet lake may give the Soviels cause to escalate their condet of the war to prevent NATO from establish foothold on the Soviet Union's doorstep. The Soviet escalate in this scenario, perhaps tothe miclear level, willbe strong. Contemporary military analysts must wonder about today’s mili= tary paradox: Can a conventional war between the superpowers possibly be won decisively by one side without significant escala- fion by the other? Secretary ofthe Navy Lehman's policy remains ‘an acrimonious isve; it may be the vitim ofthis strategic paradox. Its future ts official NATO naval doctrine is stil unclear. Soviet Strategies Until 1983, the Red Banner Northern Flet was the largest of the Soviet Union's four regional navies. Although the Pacific Feet now holds that distinction, the Northern Flee isa significant force; it has almost three-quarcers of the Soviet Navy's nuclear attack sub- marines and two-thirds ofits post-1967 surface combatants and ballistic missile submarines, In adlton, it has a major naval aviation

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