1

CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTINGS

Introduction

A business earns most or all of its revenues from agriculture. An

agribusiness tends to be a large-scale business operation and may dabble in

farming, processing and manufacturing and the packaging and distribution of

product. The business sector encompassing farming and farming-related

commercial activities. Agribusiness involves all the steps required to send

an agricultural good to market: production, processing, and distribution.

It is an important component of countries with arable land, since

agricultural products can be exported.

Agribusiness treats the different aspects of raising agricultural

products as an integrated system. Farmers raise animals and harvest fruits

and vegetables with the help of sophisticated harvesting techniques,

including the use of to direct harvesting operations. Manufacturers develop

more efficient machines that can drive themselves. Processing plants

determine the best way to clean and package livestock for shipping. While

each subset of the industry is unlikely to interact directly with the

consumer, each is focused on operating efficiently in order to keep prices

reasonable. Market forces have a significant impact on the agribusiness

sector. Changes in consumer taste alter what products are grown and raised.

For example, a shift in consumer tastes away from red meat may cause demand

and prices for beef to fall, while increased demand for produce may shift

the mix of fruits and vegetables that farmers raise. Businesses unable to

rapidly change in accordance to domestic demand may look to export their

product abroad, but if that fails they may not be able to stay in business.
 2

Agriculture lies at the crossroads of climate-change mitigation and

adaptation efforts. The agricultural sector is currently responsible for an

estimated 13.7% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (Tubiello et al.

2013) and is also a key driver of deforestation which contributes an

additional 7–14% of global emissions (Harris et al. 2012; Hosonuma et al.

2012). At the same time, climate change will have significant negative

impacts on many agricultural communities, particularly smallholders and

poor farmers who have limited capacity to adapt to adverse shocks, further

exacerbating global poverty and food insecurity (Howden et al. 2007; Morton

2007).

Statement of the Problem

Market forces have significant impact on the agribusiness sector in

the Province of Nueva Ecija. Changes in the consumers’ taste alter what

agricultural commodities or products are grown and raise. This study

entitled “Agribusiness Industry in the 4th District of Nueva Ecija: Their

Economic Opportunities and Challenges”.

It specifically sought to answer the following questions:

1. How may the agricultural business in the 4th district of Nueva Ecija

be described in terms of:

1.1 Type of agribusiness operation;

1.2 Number of employees in the business;

1.3 Nears in agribusiness operation; and

1.4 Percentage comes from the farm community?

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2. How may the agribusiness operation in the last five years and the next

five years be described in terms of operation, market share, increase

in agricultural inventories, number of employees and product lines?

3. How may the trends and future of the agricultural based business in

the 4th District of Nueva Ecija be described?

4. What are the current states of agricultural producer in the 4th

District of Nueva Ecija?

5. What are the implications of the findings of this study in the

agriculture and business industry?

Hypothesis

The hypothesis of the study are as follows:

Ho: There is no significant difference among two groups in the field of

farming as sub - sector of as Agriculture.

Ha: There is a significant difference among two groups in the field of

farming as sub - sector of as Agriculture.

Significance of the Study

This research is concerned with the effectiveness of Agribusiness

Industry in the 4th district of Nueva Ecija as perceived by the

instructors, college students under Bachelor of Science in Business

Administration (BSBA) major in Marketing Management first semester,

A.Y 2019-2020.

The findings of the study may be beneficial to the school

administrators, parents, Bachelor of Science in Business

Administration (BSBA) major in Marketing Management students, and

future researchers.
 4

To the school administrators. This study may be beneficial to the

school administrators as a support to the school’s mission in

providing quality education. The results of this study may provide

additional information on determining the economic opportunities and

challenges in agribusiness industry in 4th District of Nueva Ecija.

This may serve as a guide in planning and organizing the agribusiness

industry in 4th District of Nueva Ecija.

To the Bachelor of Science in Business Administration (BSBA) major in

Marketing Management students. The findings of this study may help them to

identify the economic challenges and opportunities of agribusiness industry

in 4th district of nueva ecija. By doing so this study will help the

students to have an idea or knowledge about agribusiness especially for

those who are taking an agriculture courses.

To the future researchers. Researchers may use the results of this study as

a basis and reference in their future endeavor in the field of research,

specifically in determining the economic opportunities and challenger of

agribusiness in 4th District of Nueva Ecija.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

During the data gathering the following limitations were experienced:

Attendance of the agribusiness owners and farm owners/farmers

in the 4th District of Nueva Ecija to the focus group discussion largely

depended on their availability. The research team would have wanted two

groups, of one involving those who have engage in agribusiness in the area
 5

for 1-40 years, and another group of more than 40 years in farming.

However, this plan was not followed, because of the farm and household work

that agribusiness owners and farmers had to attend.

Hence, the agribusiness owners and farmer-interviewees came only

whenever they were free of task and chores.

While the researchers were adept in the language or dialect used

during the interviews (i.e. Tagalog for Nueva Ecija) some of the terms

expressed were too technical or too profound to comprehend.

Selected agribusiness owners, famers/farm organizers/farm

managers/farm owners in Cabiao, Jaen, Gapan, General Tinio, San Antonio,San

Isidro, San Leonardo and Peñaranda Nueva Ecija will be the respondents in

answering the questionnaires.

Approximately 5% in every Municipality and City in the 4th District of

Nueva Ecija which is the Agribusiness Owners and the Farmers is covered in

this study. In twenty two (22) Agribusiness respondents there are three (3)

in Cabiao, four (4) in Gapan City, two (2) in General Tinio, three (3) in

Jaen, two(2) in Peñaranda, three (3) in San Antonio, three (3) in San

Isidro, two (2) in San Leonardo. While in thirty (30) Farmer respondents

there are four (4) in Cabiao, three (3) in Gapan City, three (3) in General

Tinio, four (4) in Jaen, three (3) in Peñaranda, four (4) in San Antonio,

five (5) in San Isidro, four (4) in San Leonardo.

The Municipalities and City in the 4th District of Nueva Ecija are the

respondent of this study, because the researchers are residents in the 4th

District of Nueva Ecija and as well as each of them wants to know about the

status of Agribusiness Industry in the 4th District of Nueva Ecija in the

future, and they want to put up a business related in this industry. The
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other reason is that the Agriculture is one of the basic source of income

of Novo Ecijano’s related in agribusiness and farming.

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INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

1. The profile of
1. This profile of agribusiness
agribusiness -Undergo industry and
industry and corresponding farmers are
farmers in 4th known|identify.
District of Nueva questionnaires in the
Ecija agribusiness owners 2. The challenges of
the agribusiness
2. The challenges of and farmers owners and farmers
the agribusiness -Using simple related in
owners and farmers agribusiness
related in statistical tools and industry are identify.
agribusiness production function.
industry 3. Different
opportunities to
3. The opportunities overcome those
of agribusiness challenges that here
owners and farmers in agribusiness
in the 4th District of industry are
Nueva Ecija known|identify.

4. The significant 4. Significant

difference of differences between
agribusiness owners agribusiness owners
and farmers. Status and farmers and the
of Agribusiness in status of
the 4th District of agribusiness in the
Nueva Ecija. 4th District of Nueva
Ecija.

Figure 1 Research Paradigm

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Conceptual Framework

The study was conducted on the ideas that the agribusiness

industry is depends on the Economic Opportunities and Challenges of the

Agribusiness Owners and Farmers in the area of agribusiness and farming.

Figure 1, shows the paradigm which serves as a guide in undertaking

the study. The input includes the background information of the

Agribusiness Owners and farmers in the 4th District of Nueva Ecija and the

economic opportunities and challenges of the Farmers and Agribusiness

Owners in the 4th District of Nueva Ecija. The expected output will serve

as their economic opportunities and challenges of Farmers and Agribusiness

Owners in their production.

To give a clear illustration of the present study entitled “The

Agribusiness Industry in 4TH District of Nueva Ecija: Their Economic

Opportunities and Challenges” a search paradigm is presented on the

previous page. The Input-Process-Output process is used.

Definition of Terms

The researchers seeks to provide the following words with definitions

according to their used in the study, this word are the following:

Agribusiness

Agribusiness is the business sector encompassing farming and farming-

related commercial activities. The business involves all the steps required

to send an agricultural good to market: production, processing and

distribution. It is an important component of the economy in countries with

arable land, since agricultural products can be exported.

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Agriculture

In agriculture, agribusiness is a generic term applied to businesses

involved in some or all of the following agricultural production systems:

crop production, including farming and contract farming, seed supply,

agrichemicals, farm machinery, wholesale and distribution, processing,

marketing, and retail sales.

Agricultural Services Business

This type of agricultural business provides agricultural services for

profit. Without agricultural services, there will be difficulty in the

success of agricultural products business and agricultural equipment

business in terms of agricultural education, agricultural research,

agricultural marketing, agricultural logistics, agricultural financing,

agricultural insurance, agriculture jobs, veterinary services, pet

services, etc. These agricultural services are either carried out online or

offline.

Agrochemical Business (Agricultural Chemicals or Agrichemcals)

This is a type of agricultural business that is concerned with the

manufacturing and selling of chemicals used in agriculture for profit.

These chemicals are either used to increase agricultural products yield

(e.g. fertilizers), control weeds (e.g. herbicides), control pests (e.g.

pesticides), etc.

Agro-Allied Business

This refers to a business that either derives agricultural products and

agricultural services or businesses that provide products, equipment,

chemicals or services for agricultural sectors. The products are called

 10

agro-allied products while their services are called agro-allied services.

Agro-allied businesses are part of agro-allied industries.

Certified Seed Production

Seed certification is a quality assurance system whereby seed intended

for marketing is subject to official control and inspection. At its

simplest, the system certifies that a sack, packet or box of seed contains

what it says on the label and that the seed was produced, inspected and

graded, in accordance with the requirements of a Certification Scheme. To

initiate this business you don’t have requirement of land, just start the

venture by contract farming.

Chicks Hatchery

Chick’s hatchery business is all about making money by selling

commercially produce chicks to local egg and poultry farmers. It is a

highly profitable business to start with a small capital and as such no

specialized knowledge is required.

Dairy Farming

Commercial dairy farming is one of the most profitable agriculture

business ideas. Apart from milk, it produced a quantity of manure. There is

a tremendous scope/potential for increasing the milk production through

profitable dairy farming.

Farm Owner

Similar to farmer but this is the person who owns the farmland and the

other is the person who cultivated the land that giving corresponding value

of labour force.
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Fish Farming

Commercial fish farming business is a lucrative investment that can

spin money at any time of the year continuously. With the implementation of

modern techniques and having owned space, an entrepreneur can start this

business with moderate capital investment.

Fish Hatchery

A fish hatchery is a place for artificial breeding, hatching and

rearing through the early life stage of fin-fish and shellfish in

particular. Hatcheries produce larval and juvenile fish primarily to

support the aquaculture industry where they are transferred to on-growing

systems.

Fruits and Vegetables Export

An entrepreneur can start an export business of fresh fruits and

vegetables by collecting them from local farmers. One can start this

business from a home location only having a phone and computer with

internet connection.

Horticulture Crop Farming

Horticulturists produce fruits, flowers, and plants in greenhouses and

nurseries. Selection of the crops and method is important in this business.

Industry

The aggregate of manufacturing or technically productive enterprises in

a particular field, often named after its principal product: the

agriculture industry.

Livestock Feed Production

This business is small scale manufacturing. Having confidence in

distribution, one can start this business to make money out of livestock
 12

feed production.

Marketing

The act of buying or selling in a market, the total of activities

involved in the transfer of goods from the producer or seller to the

consumer or buyer, including advertising, shipping, storing, and selling.

Organic Fertilizer Production

Organic fertilizer production has now become a major component of agro-

business models across the country with a very low initial investment. An

entrepreneur can start this business with the proper know-how of the

production process.

Piggery

Having a sufficient landholding an entrepreneur can start a piggery

business. Among the various livestock species, piggery is most potential

source for meat production and pigs are more efficient feed converters

after the broiler. The major facility is pig farming requires a small

investment in buildings and equipment.

Poultry Farming

Poultry farming is the fastest growing sector in agriculture and

farming business. The annual growth rate is 8-10% in egg and 12-15% in the

broiler industry.

Quail Egg Farming

Commercial quail farming is all about raising quails commercially for

the purpose of profitable eggs and meat production. Globally quail farming

is playing an important role in fulfilling the daily family nutrition

demands and earning livings.

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Vegetable Farming

Vegetable farming is one the most profitable agriculture business

ideas. Having sufficient land an entrepreneur can start good quality

vegetable farming with quality seed and fertilizers.

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CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter consist of Foreign Literature, Local Literature, Foreign

Studies, and Local Studies that provides a framework for researchers in

conducting studies in Agribusiness Industry.

Foreign Literature

Agribusiness industry deals with the production, processing, marketing

and shipments (exports/ imports) of agricultural produce. Agri-business

explores production, marketing and processing opportunities in area of

agriculture and allied sector such as horticulture, forestry, fishery,

livestock etc. It also covers improved growing techniques, agricultural

machinery, fertilizer, pesticides, pre and post- harvest handling, storage,

transportation, packaging and labeling of agricultural products (Bairwa and

Kushwaha, 2015). Agribusiness is also a corporate method of farming. The

term agribusiness industry includes not only the farm itself but also the

entire chain of agriculture related business including seed supply, food

processing, machinery (Bairwa et al., 2014a). The Agro-based industries are

those, which are invsssssssssssssolved in supplying the farm with

agricultural inputs besides handling the products of the farm (Famine

Enquiry Commission, 1944). The Agro Industry means units which add value to

agricultural products /intermediates/ residues, both food and non-food, by

processing into products, which are marketable or usable or edible or by

improving storability or by providing the link from farm to the market or

part thereof (Gandhi et al., 2001 and Kumar et al., 2014). Agro industry
 15

also includes hi-tech and biotechnology based agriculture (Rajasthan Agro

Industries Policy, 2009). The broad-based development of the agro-products

industry will improve both the social and physical infrastructure of India

(Pandey, 2013). Since it would cause diversification and commercialization

of agriculture, it will enhance the incomes of farmers and create food

surpluses (UNIDO, 2013). The development of agro-based industries commenced

during pre-independence days. Cotton mills, sugar mills, jute mills were

fostered in the corporate sector. During the post-Independence days, with a

view to rendering more employment and using local resources, small scale

and village industries were favoured. Agribusiness Industry can be widely

grouped under the following kinds. Village industries comprise those that

are run with minimal industries with very little machinery and a maximum of

manual labour manufacturing products like papad, pickle etc. Small scale

industries refer to those that are managed with a medium level of

investment and machinery like oil mills and rice mills for instance. Large

scale industries involve huge investments and extreme levels of automation

producing commodities like jute, sugar and cotton products (Bairwa et al.,

2012 and Kumar et al., 2014).

Local Literature

The role of agriculture in the Philippine economy has undergone

dramatic changes. Its contribution of agriculture to Gross Domestic Product

(GDP) and exports of the Philippines is declining, consistent with the

country's transition to middle income status. Structural change and

population growth has caused a shift in its position from net food

exporter to net food importer in the late 1980s. Nevertheless the country
 16

continues to source most of its food domestically; moreover, agriculture

still accounts for a third of total employment, despite a GDP share of only

one-eighth. This highlights the continuing importance of the sector for

food security and inclusive growth. Agriculture confronts several

challenges over the decade. The country's burgeoning population shall

require greater food supplies, whereas the scope for expansion of farm land

has narrowed considerably.1 For some commodities, imports offer an

alternative food source, though recent world price spikes have troubling

implications for food security. Moreover, exposure to global competition

may pose threats to farm livelihoods. For this reason the Department of

Agriculture (DA) has been implementing its flagship program, the Food

Staples Sufficiency Program (FSSP), targeting among others 100% rice self-

sufficiency this year (2013). How would agriculture evolve over the next

few decades in the face of these and other challenges? What are the

implications of pursuing alternative policies? This study aims to answer

these questions using the Agricultural multi-market Model for Policy

Evaluation (AMPLE). The AMPLE is a numerical supply and demand model for

evaluating alternative agricultural scenarios. It had been earlier applied

for assessing productivity growth (Briones, 2010).

Foreign Studies

Market forces and the prevailing economic environment favour more

down-sizing of large-scale processing systems and upgrading small-scale

processing industries. This is mainly due to the fact that the demand for

raw materials by large-scale manufacturers is currently not being met due

to enterprises are operating below capacity (Bairwa et al., 2014b). The

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potential for agro based industrialization, especially labour intensive

industrialization, is truly enormous (Srivastava and Patel,1994 and Bahal,

2008). In India, Government wish to promote agro-industries and offer

people living in rural areas new avenues of employment close to the place

they work and live. However, unlike in the west, where much of this was

highly mechanized due to labour shortages, India need labour using

technologies. In many developed countries, the strategy of food processing

and agro industry was focused essentially on increasing farmers’ incomes

without a focus on generating rural employment (Srivastava, 1989). In a

labour surplus economy like India, Government need solutions that increase

producers’ incomes but also generate new employment opportunities (George

and Bhaskaran, 2004). The food processing sector must have these objectives

in mind (Prime Minister of India addresses Global Agro Industries Forum,

2008). The employment potential of agribusiness sector is very high because

it employs 67 million people and has grown at a rate of 4.4 per cent per

annum during the 10th five year plan. The food miles (the distance food

travels) are increasing due to developments in food technology, transport

technology, ICT and biotechnology. The India’s food companies are also

globalizing. India’s food industry transnationality index had increased

from 59 in 1990 to 79 in 1999, and is the highest among all the industries

(Singh 2007). There is a need of substantial investment in marketing

infrastructure development. The scope and opportunities in agribusiness

sector for investors exist in the production, processing, marketing,

infrastructure, retailing, contract farming, and supply chain management

(NAAS, 2006).
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In the context of Indian agribusiness industry these problem are faces

by many industrial units. So far as the managerial problem are concerned,

labour problem and production problem creates harmful observations in the

smooth functioning in the enterprise. Industrial sickness is also a common

phenomenon in the industrial sector and it has led to winding up of many

industrial units (Reddy, 2001 and Hans, 2006). Yet another problem relates

to quality control, as it is a vital factor which determines the

credibility and value of the product. No doubt, there are so many

difficulties with certain industries due to non-availability of power, raw

material, financing, marketing of products and constructions are big

challenges for establishment, smooth running and proper development of agro

based industries in Indian scenario (Basu, 2007). Indian Agri industry is

mostly faced with formidable problems of shortage of raw materials, lack of

research, proper management and acute dearth of funds (Hans, 2006).

Local Studies

The Philippines, with an estimated total population of 103,775,002 and

an annual growth rate of 1.9%, remains to have an agriculture-based

economy. Agricultural education in the country is institutionalized through

the 110 State Universities and Colleges (SUCs) and the national university

(University of the Philippines) that were created by the Acts of Congress.

However, of the three million students enrolled in higher education only

2.8% are enrolled in agriculture, forestry, and fisheries degree programs.

Some of the reasons for the decline in enrollment in agriculture are: a)

negative perception of agriculture as a profession; b) insufficient

government investment in SUCs; c) rapid urbanization of agricultural areas;

and d) devolution of agricultural services to the local government units.

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CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY OF RESEARCH

This chapter consist of Research Method, Research Locale, Respondents,

Instrumentation, Data Gathering Method, and Statistical Treatment of Data.

Research Method Used

Descriptive research is the method used by the researchers to

determine the status of the agribusiness industry sector in 4th District of

Nueva Ecija. This includes determining the opportunities and challenges of

improving their agribusiness operations and determining the different

significance of the respondents.

Research Locale

This study was conducted within the Municipalities and City in the 4th

District of Nueva Ecija: Cabiao, Gapan City, General Tinio, Jaen,

Peñaranda, San Antonio, San Isidro and San Leonardo.

Respondents

The respondents were the Agribusiness owners and the Farmers in

every Municipalities in the 4th District of Nueva Ecija. In choosing

respondents of this study, the researchers selected through convenience,

where the Agribusiness owners and farmers of the identified municipalities

will be included in the study.

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Agribusiness Owners

4.5
4
3.5 Cabiao
3 Gapan City
2.5
Generel Tinio
2
Jaen
1.5
Peñaranda
1
0.5 San Antonio

0 San Isidro
San Leonardo

Farmers

5
Cabio
4 Gapan City

3 General Tinio
Jaen
2
Peñaranda
1 San Antonio

0 San Isidro
San Leonardo

Approximated 5% of every Municipalities and City in the 4th District of

Nueva Ecija which is the Agribusiness Owners and the Farmers is the covered

of the study. In twenty two (22) Agribusiness respondents there are three

(3) in Cabiao, four (4) in Gapan City, two (2) in General Tinio, three (3)
 21

in Jaen, two(2) in Peñaranda, three (3) in San Antonio, three (3) in San

Isidro, two (2) in San Leonardo. While in thirty (30) Farmer respondents

there are four (4) in Cabiao, three (3) in Gapan City, three (3) in General

Tinio, four (4) in Jaen, three (3) in Peñaranda, four (4) in San Antonio,

five (5) in San Isidro, four (4) in San Leonardo.

Instrumentation

The research instruments that were utilized in the study is a

researcher-made questionnaire. The data gathering instrument was composed

of two sections. Section I is the profile that contains of profiles of the

agribusiness owners and farmers. Section II is the survey proper that

explores the perceptions of the respondents on the status of agribusiness

owners and farmers. For choices were provided for every question or

statement. The choices represent the degree of agreement for each

respondent on the given question.

Validity and Reliability

The questionnaires made by the researchers were answered by different

respondents, an agribusiness owner and farmers in the 4th district of Nueva

Ecija and the questionnaires is valid after the researchers conducted a

survey.

Methods of Collecting Data

At the outset of the study, the researcher engaged in the gathering

information related to research variables. The body of the information

 22

gathered have provided the researcher with additional insights as to the

instrument to be used in gathering data.

To start the study, the researcher delivered a letter of request for

the lists of Agribusiness Owners and Farmers to the authorities of the

Municipalities and City of 4th District of Nueva Ecija. Upon the arrival of

request, the researchers selected the respondents.

Information and response of the students were processed and subjected

to statistical treatment. The findings were extracted and analyzed based in

the process data.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The following statistical tool will be utilized the data gathered:

A. Percentage and Frequency Distribution

The researcher used percentage to determine the relationship of part

of its whole.

To get the percentage:

f
p x100
n
Where:

P = Percentage

f = Frequency

N = Total Respondents
 23

Chapter IV

Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data

This chapter discussed the findings obtained from the primary

instrument used in the study. In order to simplify the discussions, the

researcher provided tables that summarize the collective reactions of the

respondents. One table consist of the data of two groups of respondents and

one table for every questions in the questionnaire.

Table 1.Shows the Type of Agribusiness in 4th District of Nueva Ecija

Agribusiness FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

Feed Dealer 16 22.85%

Equipment Dealer 8 11.43%

Equipment Repair 3 4.29%

Seed/Fertilizer/Agrichemical 14 20%
Seller

Nursery or Greenhouse 3 4.29%

Farm Supply Store 7 10%

Rice/Palay Producer 4 5.71%

Fisheries 1 1.43%

Piggery 4 5.71%

Vegetable farmer 4 5.71%

Poultry 3 4.29%

Others 3 4.29%

Total 70 100%
 24

Table 1 presents the types of Agribusiness Operation of Agribusiness

Owners in 4th District of Nueva Ecija, Sixteen (16) or 22.85% are feed

dealer; Eight (8) or 11.43% are Equipment Dealer; Three (3) or 4.29% are

Equipment Repair; Fourteen (14) or 20% are Seed/Fertilizer/Agrichemical

Seller; Three (3) or 4.29% are Nursery or Greenhouse Grower; Seven (7) or

10% are Farm Supply Store; Four (4) or 5.71% are Rice/Palay Producer; One

(1) or 1.43% are Fisheries; Four (4) or 5.71% are Piggery; Four (4) or

5.71% are Vegetable Farmer; Three (3) or 4.29% are Poultry; Three (3) or

4.29% are Unknown Agribusiness.

The findings show that most of the respondents in 4th district of

Nueva Ecija are Feed Dealer.

Table 1 show that the most Agribusiness Operation in 4th District of

Nueva Ecija is Feed Dealer.

Table 2. Shows the No. of Employees in Agribusiness in 4th District of

Nueva Ecija

No. of Employees Frequency Percentage

0-5 22 81.49%

6-10 2 7.41%

11-15 1 3.70%

16-20 1 3.70%

21-25 0 0%

26-30 1 3.70%
 25

Total 27 100%

Table 2 presents the No. of Employees of Agribusiness in 4th District

of Nueva Ecija, Twenty Two (22) or 81.49% have 0-5 employees; Two (2) or

7.41% have 6-10 employees; One (1) or 3.70% have 11-15 employees; One (1)

or 3.70% have 16-20 employees; Zero (0) or 0% have 21-25 employees; One (1)

or 3.70% have 26-30 employees.

The findings show that most Agribusiness Owner in 4th District of

Nueva Ecija have 0-5 no. of employees.

Table 2 shows that most Agribusiness Owner in 4th District of Nueva

Ecija has 0-5 no. of employees.

Table 3. Shows the No. of Years in Agribusiness Industry in the 4th

District of Nueva Ecija.

Years Frequency Percentage

1-5 4 18.18%

6-10 6 27.27%

11-15 4 18.18%

16-20 4 18.18%

21-25 2 9.09%

26-30 1 4.55%

31-35 0 0%
 26

36-40 1 4.55%

Total 22 100%

Table 3. Presents the No. of Years in Agribusiness Industry in the 4th

District of Nueva Ecija, four (4) or 18.18% has 0-5 years; six (6) or

27.27% has 6-10 years; four (4) or 18.18% has 11-15 years; four (4) or

18.18% has 16-20 years; two (2) or 9.09% has 21-25 years; one (1) or 4.55%

has 26-30 years; zero (0) or 0% has 31-35 years; one (1) or 4.55% has 36-40

years.

The findings show that most of Agribusiness in the field of operating

is in year’s 6-10, in the 4th District of Nueva Ecija.

Table 3 shows that Agribusiness in the 4th District is all have

background in Agribusiness operation.

Table 4. Shows the Percentage comes from the farm community

Frequency Percentage

0-24% 6 27.27%

25-49% 5 22.73%

50-74% 7 31.82%

75-100% 4 18.18%

Total 22 100%
 27

Table 4 shows the percentage comes from the farm community in 4th

District of Nueva Ecija, Six (6) or 27.27% in 0-24%; Five (5) or 22.7% in

25-49; Seven (7) or 31.82% in 50-74%; Four (4) or 18.18% in 75-100%.

The finding shows that the percentage comes from the farm community

was 50-74%.

Table 4 shows that the Percentage comes from the farm community.

Table 5. Shows the overview of the last five years in terms of increasing

the size operation.

Frequency Percentage

Yes 6 27.27%

No 16 72.73%

Total 22 100%

Table 5 present the overview of the last five years in terms of

increasing the size of Agribusiness operation in the 4th District of Nueva

Ecija, six (6) or 27.27% answered yes, sixteen (16) or 72.73% answered no.

The finding shows the overview on the last five years, in terms of

increasing operation of Agribusiness, most of the respondents is answered

by No that the terms of increasing the size of operation in the 4th

District of Nueva Ecija is in decreasing point.

Table 5 shows the overview of the last five years in terms of

increasing the size of operation in Agribusiness.

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Table 6. Shows the added service area to hold or expand the market share in

the last five years.

Frequency Percentage

Yes 12 54.55%

No 10 45.45%

Total 22 100%

Table 6. Presents the added service area to hold or expand the market

share in the last five years of Agribusiness operation in the 4th District

of Nueva Ecija, twelve (12) or 54.55% answered Yes, ten (10) or 45.45%

answered No.

The finding shows the that the added service area to hold or expand

the market share in the last five years of operating Agribusiness, most of

the respondents is answered by Yes that the added service area to hold or

expand the market share in the last five years of Agribusiness operation in

the 4th District of Nueva Ecija was expanded.

Table 6. Shows the added service area to hold or expand the market

share in the last five years of Agribusiness operation.

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Table 7. Shows the increased agricultural inventories and sales in the last

five years

Frequency Percentage

Yes 20 90.91%

No 2 9.09%

Total 22 100%

Table 7. Present the increased agricultural inventories and sales in

the last five years of Agribusiness operation in the 4th District of Nueva

Ecija, twenty (20) or 90.91% answered Yes, two (2) or 9.09% answered No.

The finding shows the that the increased agricultural inventories and

sales in the last five years of Agribusiness operation, is answered by Yes

of most respondents the inventories and sales in the last five years was

increased.

Table 7. Shows the increased agricultural inventories and sales in the

last five years of Agribusiness operation.

Table 8. Primary reason why not expanded their business

Frequency Percentage

Satisfied with 12 21.43%

Current Size

Loss of market share 4 7.14%

Lack of labor supply 4 7.14%

Age of owner 4 7.14%

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Lack of financial 5
8.93%
capital

Low profit margins 5 8.93%

Declining 4 7.14%

agricultural sales

Lack of room to 6 10.71%

expand

Regulatory obstacles 3 5.36%

Receivable collection 9 16.07%

problem

Total 56 100%

Table 8. Present the primary reason why not expanded their business of

Agribusiness operation in the 4th District of Nueva Ecija, twelve (12) or

21.43% is satisfied with current size; four (4) or 7.14% is loss of market

share; four (4) or 7.14% is lack of labor supply; four (4) or 7.14% is the

age of owner; five (5) or 8.93% is lack of financial capital: five (5) or

8.93% is low profit margins; four (4) or 7.14% is declining agricultural

sales; six (6) or 10.71% is lack of room to expand; three (3) or 5.36% is

regulatory obstacles; nine (9) or 16.07 is receivable collection problem.

The finding shows the primary reason why not expanded their business

in Agribusiness in the 4th District of Nueva Ecija, the most respondent

answer is satisfied with current size.

Table 8 Shows the primary reason why not expanded their business in

Agribusiness in the 4th District of Nueva Ecija.

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Table 9. Expectation to increase the operation size in the next five years

Frequency Percentage

Yes 19 83.36%

No 3 13.64

Total 22 100%