Aim and Objectives
A good introduction starts broad and becomes
more focused, funneling down from the
background of the project to the specifics of
the research problem. It is here that you will
articulate the aim and objectives of the project.
The aim is your overall intention for the project. It is
the reason why you are doing the research and
signals where you hope to be by the end.
The objectives are the specific steps you will take
to get there.
When writing an aim, the convention is to use an
infinitive verb – that is a to + action. This could be
to measure, to investigate, to verify, to compare, to
calculate…
A typical aim might read something like:
“The aim of this experiment was to determine how
the elastic behaviour of a piece of bungee cord
varied with applied load”.
The objectives are the specific steps you will take
to achieve your aim. These are usually formatted
as a numbered list to make it easy to see the main
steps of the project.
Objectives for the above aim might be:
1. To apply increasing load to a piece of
bungee cord and measure the deflection.
2. To examine the relationship between
spring constant and applied load.
3. To calculate the natural frequency from
spring constant values, at various loads.
4. To compare an experimental value of
natural frequency with a predicted value.
The objectives should be specific and measurable.
Each objective should build on the previous one
and as such guide the reader through the structure
of the report. This way the reader will have a clear
idea about how the rest of the report fits together.
Be aware that the objectives are not all of the steps
of the project. For example “investigate the context
of the problem” is not an objective, it is a necessary
step in all projects.
For most projects, you should intend to have a
single aim that covers the overall conclusion you
wish to make from the work. For the objectives, it
might be worth breaking the project down into
stages and to write an objective to describe each
stage. For example, in a data driven project, there
might be collection, processing and analysis phase.
The aim and objective should be put near the start
of the report, within the introduction, as it will give
clear direction to the reader and allow them to
understand the context and theory presented given
the overall aim. This is especially relevant to the
objectives, in that the theory will be set out using
those objectives.