CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Socialization is the process of internalizing the norms and ideologies of

society. Norms, customs, values and roles of the society are being taught by a

person to another from birth to death. MacIver (2011), said that it is a process by

which social beings establish wider and profounder relationships with one

another, in which they become more bound up with, and more perceptive of the

personality of themselves and of others and build up the complex structure of

nearer and wider association. It also prepares people to participate in a social

group by teaching them its norms and expectations.

Socialization has three primary goals: teaching impulse control and

developing a conscience; preparing people to perform certain social roles; and

cultivating shared sources of meaning and value. Lastly, it is culturally specific,

but this does not mean certain cultures are better or worse than others.

Accordingly, a person’s awareness and ability to understand the intentions

of others are being expressed by their own intentions meaningfully and

appropriately by interacting with others in their environment is the connection of

communication and socialization. Heath and Bryant (2000) marked this as the

origin of the field of interpersonal and communication. They said that particularly

since 1960, scholars have adopted communication as the central term because

they wanted to study it as a significant and unique aspect of human behavior.

Traditionally, communication is being observe as an interdisciplinary field.

social cognition, and social psychology.

Subsequently, communication is the act of conveying messages and

information to others. It is a process where in there is an exchanging of

information between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or

behaviors. There are two forms of communication, the verbal communication and

the non-verbal communication. Verbal communication is an oral communication

consisting of all spoken exchanges while non-verbal communication refers to the

wide array of behaviors by which people communicate messages without the use

of the voice. It is crucial to communicate effectively in negotiations to ensure the

achievement of goals. Communication is also important in studying. According

to Farland (2008), communication is a process of meaningful interaction among

human beings. More specifically, it is a process by which meanings are being

perceive and understandings are being reached out among human beings. This

means that by communication, meanings are being conveyed and understood.

Another part of socialization is interpersonal. It seeks to understand how

humans use verbal and non-verbal cues to accomplish a number of personal and

relational goals. Interpersonal skills are the skills people use every day when they

communicate and interact with other people. Listening, questioning and

understanding body language are focusing around communication. However,

interpersonal skills include wide variety skills. According to Trenholm and Jensen

(2013), Roles are a set of expectations that govern how a person holding a given

position should behave. In interpersonal, there are bunches of rules to regulate

behavior. Generally, what public think that is right and wrong is being defined
as the interpersonal ethics. An example given by Plante (2011), shows that there

is a situation in which a person running with a gun asked if the man have seen

a person running away. The person may die if the man told the truth.

Nevertheless, if the man lied, he may save a life. In this situation, the

interpersonal communication is ethical because the communicator’s intention is

to save another person’s life.

Evidently, there is a correlation in communication and interpersonal.

Communication involves the variety of ways in which a person can communicate

with people while interpersonal is the way in which a person uses his/her

communication skills to communicate with people. These skills are being needed

in the Humanities and Social Science strand. According to Beker and Eckdon

(1980), several studies which indicate that speaking skills are more important to

job success than our specific technical skills, it is essential not just in

interpersonal required jobs and education.

Moreover, the communication skills are listening, open mindedness, non-

verbal communication, clarity and concision, respect and empathy. The

interpersonal skills are, relationship management, receptiveness to feedback,

body language, collaboration, showing appreciation, positive attitude and

etiquettes. The skills needed in the Humanities and Social Science strand are

organization skills, communication skills, writing skills, problem solving skills,

decision making skills, leadership skills and interpersonal skills. The advantages

of learning these skills are as follows: it improves self-confidence, prevents

misunderstanding, gives self-satisfaction and will help you communicate

effectively.
 The problems in communication are process barriers, physical barriers,

semantic barriers and psychological barriers according to Einsberg (2010). While

in interpersonal skills, the problems are language differences, cultural

differences, personal differences and generational differences (Dowd,2018).

According to the survey of CareerBuilder in 2012, 55% of millennial all over the

world choose emails, texting, social media as their preferred method of socializing

over face-to-face interaction and this totally deprives them on learning

communication and interpersonal skills. According to research entitled,

Communication Problems in the Philippines (2016), Filipinos who answered that

they are aware of other mistakes made by people when speaking English but they

are afraid that the person may fluster is 47%, because of embarrassment is 66%

and those who accepted their mistakes are 33%.

Given the global and national surveys, the researchers are being prompted

to know the different communication and interpersonal skills of Humanities and

Social Science students and also their weakest skills to be improve.

Framework

According to the National Communication Association, communication

focuses on how people use messages to generate meanings within and across

various contexts. Furthermore, the communication theory (Scudder,1980), which

states that, all living beings communicate through sound, speech, visible

changes, body movements, gestures, or in the best possible way to make the other

aware of their thoughts, feelings, problems, happiness or any other information

and vice versa. As applied to the study, the theory states that when students
communicate, they use several modes and body movements to convey or express

and to be able to understand.

According to Jon Cauley and Todd Sandler (1980), a general theory of

interpersonal skill is being developed from public goods, public choice, point of

view and within an analytical context that assesses both the benefits and the

costs of social interaction. Furthermore, the social exchange theory

(Homans,1958), states that social behavior is the result of an exchange process.

Most of the instances, people weigh the potential benefits and risks of social

relationship. When the risks outweigh the reward, people will terminate or

abandon that relationship. The theory is related because interpersonal refers to

how to work well in a relationship and in groups where it draws on important

common concept and how to apply them: roles, norms and conformity,

cooperative, competitive and conflict behavior and repair techniques. As applied

to the study, reciprocity plays a central role in a student’s life and establishing

reciprocal social relationships is being rooted since it may have fostered survival

at school.

Moreover, communication is being viewed as the shadow of interpersonal

skills. According to the Social Penetration Theory (Giles, 1973), relationships

begin and deepen through self-disclosure. In the beginning, people establish

relationships by disclosing many simple, harmless fact through small talk. As

relationships grow, the rate of self-disclosure slows. Consequently, in the absence

of effective communication, organizational goals will succumb to individualistic

and personal goals. Effective interpersonal and communication skills are both

treated essential to social interaction and to the maintenance of all relationship.

This correlation study aims to determine the communication and

interpersonal skills of Humanities and Social Science students. Thus, the study

looks to give answer to the following questions:

1. What is the level of communication skills of Humanities and Social

Science Students?

A. Dissemination Skill

B. Listening Skill

C. Feedback Giving and Receiving Skill

D. Handling Emotional Interaction Skill

2. What is the level of interpersonal skills of Humanities and Social

Science students?

A. Self-Concept/Self-Esteem

B. Social Interaction

C. Pragmatics

3. Is there a significant correlation between communication skills and

interpersonal skills?

Scope and Delimitation

This study entitled Communication and Interpersonal Skills of HUMSS

students is for HUMSS students only in Candon National High School in Candon

City, Ilocos Sur, School Year 2019-2020. Students, as the primary respondents

of this research, who do not want to answer are being exempted as respondents.

The test questionnaire is being used to gather data.

There is no significant correlation between communication skills and

interpersonal skills of Humanities and Social Science students.

Importance of the Study

The study will mostly benefit the following:

The Department of Education will totally benefit in this study because

educational research is important because this will contribute knowledge to them

about developing communication and interpersonal skills in terms of their

programs and such. Therefore, educators can use these research findings to

improve competencies and teaching-learning relationship.

The teachers will benefit for this study because they will know what to

keep in mind when they assess if the students have the skills to communicate

and if they have the interpersonal skills needed for their strand.

The students will definitely benefit in this study because it will give them

sufficient idea on how to develop communication and interpersonal skills.

The researchers will benefit in this study because this will provide them

deeper understanding not just as researchers, but also as a student.

The future researchers will benefit in this research because this will serve

as their guide in their future endeavors. It will give them sufficient knowledge and

ideas regard to the communication and interpersonal skill of HUMSS students.

To further understand this research study. The following are operationally

defined:

Level of Communication: this refers to the degree of manifestation of the

imparting or exchanging of information’s of the students.

Dissemination Skill, the ability of HUMSS students to spread

information to the people.

Listening Skill, the ability of HUMSS student to hearken to the

other people.

Lists Feedback Giving and Receiving Skill, the ability of HUMSS

student to bestow and entertain feedback from the people.

Handling Emotional Interaction Skill, emotional awareness or

the ability of HUMSS student to understand the feelings of the people that

will help them succeed in communicating with other people.

Level of Interpersonal Skill: this is the degree of manifestation of the

relationship between students.

Self-Concept/Self-Esteem, this refers to the idea of HUMSS

student to the self-constructed beliefs about oneself.

Social Interactions, emphasizes how the HUMSS students react

when in the presence of other people.

Pragmatics, this refers to how HUMSS students are being

concerned with the appropriateness of the use of words and symbols in a given

circumstance.