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Daling-daling dance of the Tausūg people performed by the Parangal Dance Company.

Philippine dance has played a tremendous role in Filipino culture. From one of the
oldest dated dances called the Tinikling, to other folkloric dances such as
the Pandanggo, Cariñosa, and Subli, and even to more modern-day dances like the
ballet, it is no doubt that dance in the Philippine setting has integrated itself in society
over the course of many years and is significantly imbedded in culture. Each of these
dances originated in a unique way and serve a certain purpose, showcasing how
diverse Philippine dances are.
Types of dances by ethnic groupEdit

The following are various indigenous dances of the major ethnic groupings of the
Philippines

IgorotEdit
There are six Igorot ethnolinguistic tribes living in Luzon's mountain terrains: the
Bontoc, Ifugao, Benguet, Apayo, and the Kalinga tribes, which retained much of
their anitoreligions. Their lives have been centered on appeasing their gods and
maintaining a harmonious relationship between spirits and man. Dances are usually
linked to rituals for a good harvest, health, prayers for peace, and safety in war.[1]
Type of Dance Origin Tribe Purpose

One popular
Banga Kalinga contemporary
performance in the
 Philippines is named
after the
large banga pots. This
performance originated
in the province of
Kalinga of the Mountain
Province. As many as
seven or eight pots are
balanced on the heads
of maidens as they
move to the beat of
the gangsa, a type of
gong, while they go
about their daily routine
of fetching water while
balancing the banga.
This is why the
tribesmen are known as
fierce warriors.[1]

The Bendayan, which is

also referred to as
Bendian, is a dance that
was adapted from the
tradition of the Benguet
Mountain Province in
which hunters are
Benguet
honoured. Although it is
Province,
Bendayan an adaptation or
Northern
rendition of the original,
Luzon
it is still included in each
festivity in Benguet and
its significance remains
preserved.
Furthermore, the circles
lead to an unambiguous
meaning.[1]

Manmanok is a dance
that dramatizes three
Manmanok Bago roosters from the Bago
Tribe who compete
against one another to
be able to get the
 attention of a hen, Lady
Lien. They try to attract
her by making use of
blankets that depict
their feathers and
wings.[1]

Tachok is a Kalinga
Festival Dance that is
performed by
unmarried Kalinga
women who imitate the
movement of the flight
of birds as they move
through the air. People
come together and
Lumagen/Tachok Luzon Kalinga perform this dance to
celebrate their birth
first-born baby boy,
weddings, or people
who are able to make
peace with each other.
This dance is
accompanied with
music with the use of
gongs.[1]

The word Gaddang

originated from the
combination of two
words which are “ga”,
meaning heat, and
“dang” which is to burn.
The Gaddang people
Cagayan live in the center of
Turayen Gaddang Cagayan Valley.
Valley
Furthermore, some of
their groups have
resided in Isabela,
Kalinga, and Eastern
Bontoc. They are mostly
Christian, and are
agricultural in nature.
Those that have resided
 in the areas stated
mostly preserved their
culture which is rooted
in indigenous
and swiddenagricultural
traditions. For an
instance, they
commonly practice the
burning of existing crops
to construct short-term
plots for farming.
Additionally, they also
practice hunting and
fishing. In the Gaddang
dance, the people
emulate the movements
of birds that are drawn
to tobacco trees.[1]

Tarektek dramatizes
two male tarektek
woodpeckers who try to
get the attention of
three females. The first
woodpecker tries doing
this by showing his good
voice. This was
portrayed by the
Tarektek Benguet
banging of a brass gong.
On the other hand, the
second tries impress the
females by showing off
his feathers. This was
portrayed by the use of
colorful blankets that
are moved around in
bird like movements.[1]

The Salidsid, or the

“cayoo dance”, is known
Salidsid Kalinga as a romantic dance in
which a male courts a
female. That being said,
it is commonly
 performed with one
male and a female
dancer. It starts with
each of the dancers
holding an “ayob” or
“allap” which is a small
cloth. Customarily, the
most powerful people in
the village are in the
dance following the
host's signal of the
opening of the affair.
Both the context and
the significance of the
dance are apparent.
Additionally, the male
imitates a rooster that is
attempting to gain
attention from a hen
which is represented by
a female dancer. On the
other hand, the female
dancer imitates the
gestures of a hen that is
being orbited by a
rooster.[1]

Tribes from the

mountain provinces in
Luzon give great
importance to their
identity. Thanksgiving,
birth, wedding, and
victory in war among
others, are some things
Salip Kalinga that these people
celebrate through the
art of dance. The
Kalinga wedding ritual,
to be particular, is a
dance wherein a bride is
offered protection and
comfort by the groom.
The man tries to show
 his love by imitating the
movements of a
rooster. Meanwhile, the
bride's friends prepare
“bangas” (earthen pots)
that contain fresh water
from the mountain
spring to offer to the
groom.[1]

Ragsaksakan dance
portrays the walk of the
industrious Kalingga
women who climb up
the rice terraces in the
Mountain Provinces of
the Philippines. They
Ragsaksakan Kalinga
carry pots that are
placed above their
heads. They also wear
small hand woven
blankets around their
necks which represent
the “blankets of life.”[1]

Coined from the word

ipugao meaning
“coming from the earth”
is the term Ifugao,
pertaining to the people
of the province who are
called to be the
“children of the earth.”
As well as to the
Uyauy/Uyaoy Ifugao province itself,
according to the
Spaniards. Those who
belong to the wealthy
class, the Kadangyans,
have the privilege to use
the gongs that are used
at the wedding festival
dance. The same dance
is performed by the
 people who desire to
reach the second level
of the wealthy class.[1]

MoroEdit
The Moro people are the various usually unrelated Muslim Filipino ethnic groups.
Most of their dances are marked by intricate hand and arm movements, accompanied
by instruments such as the agong and kulintang.[2]
Type of
Origin Tribe Purpose
Dance

The Panglay, a
dance native to
the Badjaos
meant to
highlight the
power of the
upper body, is
executed through
Zamboanga the rhythmic
Pangalay Badjao
del Sur bounce of the
shoulder while
simultaneously
waving the arms.
Most times, this
dance is
performed in
social gatherings
like weddings.[2]

Burung Talo is a
dance in the
form of martial
arts. Performers
portray a battle
Burung between a hawk
Tausug and a cat. This
Talo
dance is
accompanied
with lively beats
from gongs and
drums as the
performers do
 acrobatic
movements.[3]

The Asik is solo

dance
performance
portrays an
unmarried young
woman who tries
to gain the
approval and
support of her
sultan master.
She can dance for
two reasons. The
first is to try to
Lanao del
Asik Maguindanao win the heart of
Sur
her master and
the second is to
be able to make
up for a mistake
she has done. In
this dance, the
performer dances
and poses in doll
like motionsand is
dressed with fine
beads, long metal
finger nails, and
heavy make up.[4]

Singkil is a Filipino
dance that
narrates the epic
legend of
“Darangan” of the
Lanao, Maranao people
Singkil Marano of Mindanao. This
Mindanao
14th century epic
is about Princess
Gandingan
getting trapped in
the forest during
an earthquake
that was said to
have been caused
by the forest
nymphs or fairies
called diwatas.
The name
“Singkil” is
derived from the
bells worn by the
Princess on her
ankles.

The dance uses

props that are
representative
of the events in
the
epic. The criss-
crossed
bamboos are
clapped
together to
signify the
falling trees the
Princess
gracefully
dodges as they
fall while her
slave follows
her around.
The Prince then
finds her and
the other
dancers begin
to dance slowly
and progress to
faster tempo
with fans or
their hands
moving in
a rhythmic
manner which
signify the
winds in the
forest. With
 skillful
handling of
fans, the
dancers cross
the bamboos
precisely and
expertly. In
Sulu, Royal
Princesses are
required to
learn the dance.
The Royal
Princesses in
the dance,
specifically in
Lanao are
usually
accompanied
by a waiting
lady holding an
elaborately
decorated
umbrella on
her head and
follows her as
she dances.[2]
Tahing Baila is a
Yakan dance, a
low land tribal
Tahing Philippine folk
Yakan
Baila dance, in which it
tries to imitate
movements of
fish.[2]

From the
highlands of
Mindanao, is a
Musim ethnic
Pangsak Basilan Yakan group called the
Yakan. They are
known to wear
body-hugging
elaborately
 woven costumes.
One of their
popular dances,
called Pangsak,
involves a man
and his wife
performing
complicated hand
and foot
movements while
their faces are
painted white to
hide their identity
from evil
spirits.[2]

To imitate
themovements of
the beautiful
southern boat
(the vinta) with
colorful sails
Panglay which journeys
ha Badjao through the Sulu
Pattong Sea, the Panglay
ha Pattong is a
dance performed
by a royal couple
that balances on
top of bamboo
poles.[2]

Panglay sa Agong
is a dance that
portrays two
warriors who try
to gain the
Panglay Tausug- attention of a
sa Agong Sulu young woman. By
banging on gongs,
it was the way
they showed their
courage and
skills.[2]
 Maranao people
from the around
the Lake Lanao
have a royal
manner of
“walking” called
the Pagapir. The
ladies of the royal
court perform
Lanao del this dance for
Pagapir Maranao
Sur important events
and to show their
good upbringing.
It involves a
graceful
manipulation of
the Aper (apir) or
fan while doing
the “Kini-kini” or
small steps.[2]

Sagayan is a
dance often
performed before
celebrations, and
to get rid of bad
spirits and to
welcome good
ones. The
performers are
fierce warriors
who portray
Sagayan Cotabato Maguindanao movements that
depict a warrior
trying to protect
his master in
battle. This
means that many
acrobatic
movements are
involved in this
dance. They carry
a shield on one
hand and
 a kampilan on
the other, a
double-sided
sword made of
either wood or
metal. These
dancers also wear
bright colored
materials for their
three tiered
skirts, toppers
and headgear.[2]

Kapa Malong
Malong, also
known as Sambi
sa Malong, is a
dance that shows
how
the malong can
be used or worn.
A malong is a
hand woven piece
of cloth that is
tubular that can
come in many
Kapa
colors. For
Malong
women, they
Malong
usually make use
of it as a skirt,
shawl, mantle, or
headpiece. On
the other hand,
for men, they
make use of it as
a sash, waistband,
shorts or bahag,
and headgear for
the fields or as a
decorative
piece.[2]
LumadEdit
The non-Islamized natives of Mindanao are collectively known as the Lumad people.
Like the Igorot, they still retain much of their animistic anito religions.[5][6]
Type of
Origin Tribe Purpose
Dance

The Kuntaw,
which originates
from the Malay
word meaning
“fist”, is one of
Mindanao's best-
kept secrets. It is
Kuntaw T’boli a martial arts
dance that
includes gestures
of the fist,
accompanied by
other actions like
jumps, kicks, and
knee bends.[7]

The tribe of
T’boli is located
in a place where
there are vast
amounts of
wildlife, most
especially birds.
Kadal Taho, also
considered as
Lake Sebu, the “True Dance
Kadal Taho South T’boli of the T’boli,” is
Cotabato a story about a
flock of sister
birds who left to
look for food and
ended up getting
lost. During the
journey, one of
the sisters
injures her leg
and is unable to
fly. With her
 flock by her side,
motivating her
and supporting
her, she was able
to fly again and
they were able
to get home
safely.[8]

Kadal Blelah is a
tribal dance
wheres dancers
Lemlosnon, try to simulate
Kadal Blelah T’boli
Cotabato and imitate the
different
movements of
birds.[5]

The Binalayan
dance emulates
movements of a
hen, her baby
chicks and a
hawk. The hawk
has always been
seen and
symbolized as
that which has
power over the
Binaylan Higaonon Bagobo
welfare of the
entire tribe.
Although, one
day, the hawk
tried to get one
of the baby
chicks which led
to the hawks
death for it was
killed by
hunters.[5]

Bagobo Rice Bagobo Rice

Davao del Sur Bagobo Cycle, also
Cycle
known as Sugod
 Uno, is a tribal
dance which
portrays the rice
production cycle.
This includes the
prepping the
land, planting
rice, watering
the rice, and
harvesting it.
This dance also
portrays rituals
to say thank you
for the rice that
they were able
to harvest.[9]

Performances
such as a
sacrifice dance
rite exists in
provinces
wherein religion
is given the
highest regard,
such as the
Higaonon of
Bukidnon
province in
Mindanao place.
Dugso Bukidnon Talaindig “Dugso” is
performed as a
form of
thanksgiving for
good harvest,
healing of the
sick and for the
community's
overall well
being. It is also
used to get rid of
bad spirits, to
give luck for
victory in battle
 and used during
the blessing of
the newly
opened field.
Their costumes
are compared to
that of the
pagpagayok bird
because of the
colourful
headdresses and
the bells
wrapped around
their ankles
which is
considered as
the “best music”
to the spirits.[8]

Kadal Heroyon,
also known as
the dance of
flirtation, is
performed by
T’boli girl
adolescents
qualified to get
married.
Lake Sebu,
Kadal Beautification,
South T’boli
Heroyon which was held
Cotabato
of high
importance in
the tribe, is
portrayed
through
movements that
would imitate
how birds
flew.[5]

Lake Sebu, Karasaguyon is a

Karasaguyon South T’boli tribal dance that
Cotabato portrays a story
of four sisters
 who try to get
the attention of
a polygamous
man who is
choosing his next
wife. This dance
is accompanied
with music from
the sounds of
the beads and
bells as they
clink against
each other which
are wrapped
around the
waists and
ankles of the
performers.[8]

The Kinugsik
Kugsik tries to
imitate the
friendly and
endearing nature
of squirrels. The
dance portrays
an issue of love
between two
male squirrels
and one female
Santa Maria, squirrel who run
Kinugsik
Agusan del Manobo around the
Kugsik
Norte forest. They had
created this
dance as a
remembrance of
the time wherein
the tribe of
Manobo lived
harmoniously
with squirrels
who thrived in
their area. They
named this
 dance as such
because they
called these
squirrels,
“kugsik.”[8]

A lawin,
Philippine hawk
eagle, is endemic
to the Philippine
region. The
lawin-lawin
dance tries to
imitate how the
Lawin-Lawin Davao del Sur Bagobo
eagle soars the
sky by making
use of shields to
represent the
wings. This is
performed by
males of the
Bagobo tribe.[8]

Sohten was
danced before as
a way of asking
the gods for
protection and
success before
going into battle.
This is now
Zamboanga
Sohten Subanon performed by an
del Norte
all males of the
Subanon tribe
who make use of
shields and palm
leaves to portray
this pre-combat
ritualistic
dance.[8]

Talbeng, a lively
Talbeng Babuklod,
dance
Florida
accompanied by
 Blanca, a guitarist,
Pampanga imitates animals
of the region,
most especially
the monkeys.
This dance
originated from
the Aetas, also
known as the
Negritos.[8]

The
Bangkakawan, a
fishing ritual,
originated from
the Tigwahanon
Manobos of
Bukidnon. A
huge log is
carved to
Bangkakawan Bukidnon Monobo replicate the
shape of a
palungan (snake)
and is used to
making steady
beats and
rhythms to make
fish dizzy and
less difficult to
catch.[10]

Moral Solanay is
a dance
performed by
indigenous
people of B’laan.
Maral Southern This dance is
B’laan performed by
Solanay Mindanao
women who
portray the spirit
of a young lady
named Solanay.
Through this
dance, they try
 to show grace,
beauty, and
diligence which
Solanay
represents.[11]

After a
Pagdiwata ritual,
the basal banal
dance is usually
performed. This
is a traditional
dance of the
Palawanons
Basal Banal Palawan Palawanon wherein they
make use of
native balasbas
and cloth to
make their
movements
more prominent
and
noticeable.[12]

Well respected
Obo Manobo
warriors, called
Baganis, perform
Palihuvoy Manobo
this dance which
showcase their
skills in
fighting.[13]

Sabay Pengalay
is a Subanon
courtship dance
that contains
pantomimic
Sabay Zamboanga
Subanon gestures. It
Pengalay del Norte
portrays a
smitten bachelor
who tries to win
the heart of a
kerchief.[14]
 Siring is a dance
performed by
the Lambangian
tribe. Their
ancestry is from
an intermarriage
between the
Dulangan
Manobo and
Teduray, two
other indigenous
Siring Maguindanao Lambangians
tribes. The siring
is a dance that
portrays
different
activities that
occur in their
everyday lives.
These include
planting rice
and catching
fish.[15]

Sout is a
Subanen dance
which aims to be
able to showcase
a warriors skill
with the use of a
Sout Zamboanga Subanen
sword and shield
(k’lasag) which
are covered with
different kinds of
shells called
blasi.[16]

Talek in a dance
usually
performed by
Talek Zamboanga Subanen Subanen women,
who hold on to
kompas or rattan
leaves, during
festivals or
 wedding
celebrations.[17]

The Kadal Unok

is a dance
performed by
women that is
depicted through
elegant and fluid
movements with
the use of the
arms that tries to
imitate the
movements of
the onus bird.
They performers
make use of
heavy make up
and adornments
Lake Sebu, which represents
Kadal Unok South T’boli the tribes
Cotabato passion for
beauty and
fashion. There
passion for
beauty and
fashion goes as
far as wearing
wide brimmed
hats that are
highly decorated
in the fields and
wearing
interlocked
bronze belts,
helots, whenever
they walk or
dance.[18]

Balisangkad
comes from
Balisangkad Tagbanau Madukayan,
eastern side of
Mountain
 Province. It is a
type of hunting
dance in which
the dancers
movements
imitate those of
an eagle,
particularly the
flight of the
eagle.[19]

A ritual meant
for the rice
harvest, the
Pagdiwata was a
nine-day
demonstration
among the
Pagdiwata Tagbanau
Tagbanuas of
Palawan to give
thanks. This
revolved around
the babaylan or
priestess and her
ministrations.[20]

The Sayagan is a
dance meant for
courtship
wherein a man
asks for a
womans hand by
putting his piz
Sagayan Tagbanau cloth on the
ground. For the
woman to
answer him
back, she must
likewise put her
own cloth on the
ground.[21]

Soryano Palawan Tagbanau Soryano is a

courtship dance
 that portrays
anxious men
holding on to
cloths trying to
persuade
women to turn
around and face
them. Instead,
these women,
turn the
opposite way for
fun and make
the men chase
them.This dance
then becomes a
lively and
energetic dance
of chase.[22]

During the
tambol, villagers
summon their
guiding spirit,
Tambol Tagbanau
Diwata. It is a
nine-day ritual of
a babaylan or
priestess.[23]

Christianized FilipinosEdit
The majority of Filipinos are the Christianized lowlanders of the islands. Their dances
are heavily influenced by the Spanish, though still retaining native aspects. The dances
range from courtship dances, to fiesta (festival) dances, to performance dances. The
traditional attire in these dances include the balintawak and patadyong skirts for the
women, and camisa de chino and colored trousers for the men.[24]
Type of
Origin Tribe Purpose
Dance

The name Bulaklakan

originates from the
numerous flowers that
Bulaklakan Bulacan grow in the area of
Bulacan. The dance is
dedicated to the Virgin
Mary performed
 widely in the month of
May as part of the
celebration of their
holy week.[25]

Sakuting was originally

performed by male
dancers only. It
originates from the
province of Abra,
performed by both
Ilokano Christians and
non Christians. It
depicts a mock fight
Sakuting Abra
with sticks for training
and combat. During
Christmas, the dance is
performed in town
plazas or dancers will
go door to door.
Spectators give them
aguinaldos (5-piso bills)
or refreshments.[26]

For the past centuries,

an important part of
peasant social life is
the gathering of
peasants who
collectively work
together to do labor-
intensive jobs for the
community. Once a
Tiklos Leyte week they would
gather to clean the
forest, till the soil, do
farm work, etc. Every
noon time, after the
peasants have eaten
and started to rest, the
Tiklos is usually
performed. When the
peasants start to hear
the Tiklos music from
 the flute, guitar,
guimbal or tambora,
they start dancing the
Tiklos together.[27]

Social gatherings in
communities call for
customaries that come
in the form of offering
wine to guests. The
offer is made by a
young lady who
chooses a young man
from the guest to
dance with. In
accepting a glass of
wine, the young man
also accepts dancing
Abaruray
with the lady. It is not
advisable to turn down
the offer as it is
offensive to the
community's etiquette
and the lady. As they
dance, the girl's ability
is shown through
balancing the glass of
wine without spilling a
drop. The audience
claps with the
music.[28]

In the separation of
Loma and Zapote of
Binan, Laguna during
the Spanish regime,
the two barrios danced
Maglalatik the maglalatik. The
Maglalatik or
Magbabao is a war
dance in portrayal of a
fight over
prized latikbetween
Moros and Christians.
 There are four parts of
the dance, namely, the
Palipasan and
Baligtaran, Paseo and
Sayaw Escaramusa. In
order, the former two
parts depicts the
heated relationship
between the two
groups mentioned
previously while the
latter two parts
showcases their
reconciliation.
Following the legend,
the Moros won in the
fight, but the
Christians,
uncontented, sent an
envoy and offered
peace and baptism to
the Moros.

The dancers go
house to house to
dance the
Maglalatik in
exchange for money
or a gift. Come night
time, the dancers
dance in a religious
procession as an
offering to San
Isidro de Labrador,
patron saint of the
farmers.[29]
The tinikling is named
after the tikling bird.
The dancers imitate
Tinikling Leyte the bird's flight in
grace and speed as
they play and chase
each other, run over
tree branches or dodge
 farmer's traps. The
dance is done with a
pair of bamboo
poles.[30]

The tinikling dance

has evolved from
what is called
‘Tinikling Ha Bayo’
which the older
people claim to be a
harder dance to
perform. Originally,
the said dance was
done between
bayuhan, wooden
pestles used to
pound husks off of
rice grain.[31]
Subli is a famous dance
in barrios of the
municipality of Bauan,
Batangas. It is a
ceremonial dance
performed in fiestas
every May in homage
to Mahal Na Poong
Barrio of Santa Cruz.[29]
Dingin, The name comes
Subli
Alitagtag, from the Tagalog
Batangas words “subsub”
(stooped) and “bali”
(broken). Hence, the
male dancers are
positioned in a
“trunk-forward-
bend” way
seemingly lame and
crooked throughout
the dance.[30]
The Sayaw sa Obando
Sayaw Sa Obando, is performed in honor
Obando Bulacan of Santa Clara, patron
saint of the childless. It
 is the childless women
usually from Malabon
and Navotas who
participate in the
dance as part of a
ritual to ask the said
saint to grant their
wishes to have a
child.[27]

Cariñosa
or Karinyosa is a well
known dance around
the Philippines with
the meaning of the
word being
affectionate, lovable,
and amiable. The
dancers use a
Cariñosa
handkerchief and go
through the motions of
hide and seek or
typical flirtatious and
affectionate
movements. The dance
comes in many forms
but the hide and seek
is common in all.[32]

During the Spanish

regime, Kuratsa was
one of the popular and
best liked dances in the
country. There are
many versions across
different regions in
Kuratsa Ilocos and Bicol.
Currently, the one
being performed is a
Visayan versions from
Leyte. Performed in a
moderate waltz style,
the dance has a sense
of improvisation that
 mimics a young playful
couple trying to get
each other's
attention.[27]

Coming from the

Spanish word
“fandango”, the dance
is characterized by
Lubang steps and clapping that
Pandanggo Island, varies in rhythm in 3/4
Sa Ilaw Mindoro, time. The Pandanggo
Visayas sa Ilaw demands three
oil lamps balanced on
the heads and the back
of the hands of each
dancer.[33]

ReferencesEdit
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2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Muslim Mindanao dances". www.seasite.niu.edu. Retrieved 2019-04-20.
3. ^ "Burung-Talo,origin country Philippines,The dance is a unique fighting dance in a
form". www.danceanddance.com. Retrieved 2019-04-20.
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7. ^ "Kadal Blidah". www.kaloobdance.com. Retrieved 2019-04-20.
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9. ^ Pinoy, Dance. "Bagobo Rice Cycle". Dance Pinoy. Retrieved 2019-04-20.
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Retrieved 2019-04-20.
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in". www.coursehero.com. Retrieved 2019-04-20.
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39. ^ a b c "spanish influence dances". www.seasite.niu.edu. Retrieved 2019-04-20.
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