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Division LANAO DEL NORTE
School Grade Level 10
Teacher Learning Area SCIENCE
Time & Date Quarter 3
I. OBJECTIVES
A. Content Standards Mutations that occur in sex cells as being heritable
B. Performance
Standards
C. Learning Explain how mutations may cause changes in the structure and function
Competencies/Objectiv of a protein.
es (Write the code for S10LT-IIIe-38
each LC)
D. Specific Objective/s 1. Differentiate the kinds of gene and chromosomal mutation.
2. Research on cases of mutation and share it on Facebook.
E. Integration of
Content Within and
Across Curriculum
II. CONTENT
A. Subject Matter Chromosomal Disorders
III. LEARNING
RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide
Pages
2. Learner’s Material 288-290
Pages
3. Textbook Pages
4. Additional
Materials
from LR Portal
B. Other Learning https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V49g3Vj9RS8
Resources
IV. PROCEDURES Teacher’s Activity/ies Learner’s
Expected
Response/s
A. Reviewing previous Elicit (2 minutes)
lesson or presenting Consider what might happen if an incorrect amino acid
the new lesson was inserted in a growing protein chain during the
process of translation.
Do you think this will affect the structure of the entire - Yes, this can
molecule? possibly
happen in point
mutation where
a change in a
single base
pair occurs.
B. Establishing a Engage (3 minutes)
purpose
for the lesson Read the two sentences below.
What happens when a single letter in the first sentence
is changed?
THE DOG BIT THE CAT.
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THE DOG BIT THE CAR.
C. Presenting
examples/instances
of
the new lesson Did you see that changing a single letter also changes - Yes, a
the meaning of the sentence? change in
nitrogenous
What will happen if a single base is deleted from a DNA base in a
strand? protein may
yield a different
THE DOG BIT THE CAT. amino acid and
a
THE DOB ITT HEC AT. corresponding
change in the
protein
structure and
function.
What was deleted? -G
Would the result be the same if there would be an - No
addition of a single base?
Mutations in chromosomes may occur in a variety of
ways. Sometimes part of chromosomes are broken off
and lost during mitosis or meiosis.
D. Discussing new Explore (15 minutes)
concepts and Students will be grouped into 6. Each group will have
practicing new skills different activity.
#1
Students will compare the normal karyotype with the
karyotype of affected individuals, and identify which set
of homologous chromosomes are affected.
E. Discussing new
concepts and
practicing new skills
#2
https://visualsonline.cancer.gov/details.cfm?imageid=2721
Group1: “Cri du chat”
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Karyotype
- Deletion part
of the short
arm of
chromosome 5
https://www.emaze.com/@ATOCTRWC
Group 2: Down’s Syndrome
Karyotype:
- Extra copy of
chromosome
21 (trisomy 21)
https://www2.palomar.edu/anthro/abnormal/abnormal_4.htm
Group 3: Edward’s Syndrome
Karyotype:
- Trisomy of
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chromosome
18
https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/Article?contentid=875&language=English
Group 4: Jacobsen Syndrome
https://www.dovemed.com/diseases-conditions/jacobsen-syndrome/
Karyotype:
- terminal 11q
deletion
disorder
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/A-Case-Report%3A-Jacobsen-
Syndrome-Complicated-by-and-Malia-
Wolkoff/324365ff2abca6207b76193205a10a2a41b79319/figure/1
Group 5: Klinefelter’s Syndrome
https://bentalasalon.com/hair-treatment-for-man/
Karyotype:
- Sex
chromosome
having XXY
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https://www.biology.iupui.edu/biocourses/N100/2k2humancsomaldisord
ers.html
Group 6: Turner’s Syndrome
http://www.dbmhresource.org/klinefelter.html
- Sex
Karyotype: chromosomes
(X instead of
XX or XY)
https://www.sciencephoto.com/media/266745/view/karyotype-of-turner-
s-syndrome
F. Developing mastery Explain
Show video lesson about chromosomal disorders
What are the characteristics and symptoms?
What causes this disorder?
G. Finding practical Elaborate
applications of
concepts and skills The effects of structural changes depend on their size
in and location, and whether any genetic material is
daily living gained or lost. Some changes cause medical problems,
while others may have no effect on a person’s health.
The gain or loss of chromosome material can lead to a
H. Making variety of genetic disorders.
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generalizations and Here are some examples of genetic disorders in human
abstractions about and their characteristics.
the
lesson a. “Cri du chat” is caused by the deletion part of the
short arm of chromosome 5.
“Cri du chat” is French, and the condition is so named
because affected babies make high-pitched cries that
sound like a cat.
Affected individuals have wide-set eyes, a small head
and jaw, are moderately to severely mentally retarded,
and very short.
b. Down’s Syndrome is usually caused by an extra
copy of chromosome 21 (trisomy 21). Characteristics
include decreased muscle tone, stockier build,
asymmetrical skull, slanting eyes and mild to moderate
mental retardation.
c. Edward’s Syndrome, which is the second most
common trisomy after Down’s syndrome, is a trisomy of
chromosome 18. Symptoms include mental and motor
retardation and numerous congenital anomalies
causing serious health problems.
They have a characteristic hand appearance with
clenched hands and overlapping fingers.
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d. Jacobsen Syndrome is also called terminal 11q
deletion disorder. This is a very rare disorder. Those
affected have normal intelligence or mild mental
retardation, with poor or excessive language skills.
Most have a bleeding disorder called Paris-Trousseau
syndrome.
https://www.dovemed.com/diseases-conditions/jacobsen-syndrome/
e. Klinefelter’s Syndrome (XXY). Men with this
condition are usually sterile and tend to have longer
arms and legs and to be taller than their peers. They
are often shy and quiet and have a higher incidence of
speech delay.
https://bentalasalon.com/hair-treatment-for-man/
f. Turner’s Syndrome (X instead of XX or XY).
Female sexual characteristics are present but
underdeveloped.
They often have a short
stature, low hairline,
abnormal eye features and
bone development and a
“caved-in” appearance to the
chest.
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http://www.dbmhresource.org/klinefelter.html
I. Evaluating Learning Evaluation
Choose the letter that corresponds to the correct
answer and write it on your notebook.
1. Which of the following statements is true of sex 1. A
chromosome abnormalities in humans? 2. C
A. They usually have mild effects and rarely are fatal. 3. A
B. Most are not gender specific 4. C
C. They cannot be diagnosed before birth. 5. A
2. If someone only has one X chromosome and no Y
chromosomes in their somatic cells, they:
A. are metafemales
B. have Turner syndrome
C. have Klinefelter syndrome
D. have Jacobsen syndrome
3. A chromosomal abnormality that causes a man to
have asexual to feminine body contours with large
breasts; small penis, testes, and prostate gland;
relatively little body hair; and sterility is:
A. Klinefelter’s syndrome
B. Turner’s syndrome
C. Down syndrome
D. Edward’s syndrome
4. Male sex chromosome abnormalities can be due to
abnormal numbers of ________ chromosome.
A. the X
B. the Y
C. either the X or the Y
D. neither the X or the Y
5. There are two major categories of inherited
chromosomal abnormalities: 1) irregular numbers of
chromosomes and 2) structural modification in a
chromosome. Both are usually a result of:
A. mechanical errors during meiosis
B. mechanical errors during mitosis
C. neither of the above
J. Additional activities Extend
for application or Research on cases of mutation and share it on
remediation Facebook.
V. REMARKS
VI. REFLECTION
A. No. of learners who
earned 80% on the
formative assessment
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B. No. of learners who
require additional
activities for
remediation
C. Did the remedial
lessons work? No. of
learners who have
caught up with the
lesson
D. No. of learners who
continue to require
remediation
E. Which of my teaching
strategies
F. What difficulties did I
encounter which my
principal or supervisor
can help me solve?
G. What innovation or
localized materials
did
I use/ discover which
I
wish to share with
other teachers?
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ACTIVITY
GROUP 1
Compare the normal karyotype with the karyotype of affected individuals.
Identify which set of homologous chromosomes are affected.
A. “Cri du chat” Karyotype
Question:
1. Which set of homologous chromosomes are affected?
B. Down’s Syndrome Karyotype
Question:
1. Which set of homologous chromosomes are affected?
C. Edward’s Syndrome Karyotype
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Question:
1. Which set of homologous chromosomes are affected?
D. Jacobsen Syndrome Karyotype
Question:
1. Which set of homologous chromosomes are affected?
E. Klinefelter’s Syndrome Karyotype
Question:
1. Which set of homologous chromosomes are affected?
F. Turner’s Syndrome Karyotype
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Question:
1. Which set of homologous chromosomes are affected?
GROUP 2
Explain the characteristics and symptoms of each chromosomal disorders
A. “Cri du chat”
B. Down’s Syndrome
C. Edward’s Syndrome
D. Jacobsen Syndrome
E. Klinefelter’s Syndrome
F. Turner’s Syndrome
GROUP 3 ROLE PLAY
Students will choose at least two (2) chromosomal disorders for their role play.
How do they will handle the situation if they know someone who has this kind of disorder?
What advice/s they can give to their classmates or to the people?
