Acrylic paint

Acrylic paint is a 1…………………………….. paint made of pigment suspended in acrylic polymer emulsion.
Acrylic paints are water-soluble, but become water-resistant when dry. Depending on how much the
paint is 2…………………………….. with water, or modified with acrylic gels, mediums, or pastes, the finished
acrylic painting can 3…………………………….. a watercolor, a gouache or an oil painting, or have its own
unique characteristics not attainable with other media.

Painting with acrylics

Before the 19th century, artists mixed their own paints, which allowed them to achieve the desired color
and 4…………………………….., and to control the use of 5…………………………….., if any. While suitable media and
6…………………………….. pigments are available for the individual production of acrylic paint, hand mixing
may not be practical because of the fast drying time and other technical issues, such as the necessity to
combine several polymers, as well as surfactants, plasticizers, dispersants, defoamers and stabilisers in the
correct 7…………………………….. and order.

Acrylic painters can modify the appearance, hardness, flexibility, texture, and other characteristics of the
paint surface by using acrylic mediums or simply by adding water. Watercolor and oil painters also use
various mediums, but the 8…………………………….. of acrylic mediums is much greater. Acrylics have the
ability to bond to many different surfaces, and mediums can be used to modify their binding
characteristics. Acrylics can be used on paper, canvas and a 8…………………………….. of other materials,
however their use on engineered woods such as medium-density fiberboard can be problematic because
of the porous nature of those surfaces. In these cases it is recommended that the surface first be sealed
with an appropriate sealer. Acrylics can be applied in thin layers or 9…………………………….. to create effects
that resemble watercolors and other water-based mediums. They can also be used to build thick layers
of paint—gel and molding paste are sometimes used to create paintings with 10……………………………..
features. Acrylic paints are also used in hobbies such as train, car, house, and human models. People
who make such models use acrylic paint to build facial 11…………………………….. on dolls, or raised details on
other types of models. Wet acrylic paint is easily removed from paint brushes and skin with water,
whereas oil paints require the use of a hydrocarbon.

Acrylic paints are the most common paints used in grattage, a surrealist technique that became popular
with the advent of acrylic paint. Acrylics are used for this purpose because they easily
12…………………………….. or peel from a surface.

Here you are the missing words (one word is used twice):

resemble fillers range scrape diluted thickness amounts

fast-drying raw relief features washes
Painting techniques

Acrylic artists' paints may be 1…………………………….. with water and used as 2…………………………….. in the
manner of watercolour paints, but unlike watercolour the 2…………………………….. are not rehydratable once
dry. For this reason, acrylics do not lend themselves to the colour lifting techniques of gum arabic-based
watercolour paints.

Acrylic paints with gloss or matte finishes are common, although a satin (3……………………………..)
4…………………………….. is most common. Some brands exhibit a range of finishes (e.g. heavy-body paints
from Golden, Liquitex, Winsor & Newton and Daler-Rowney); Politec acrylics are fully matte. As with oils,
pigment amounts and particle size or shape can affect the paint 4……………………………... Matting agents can
also be added during manufacture to 5…………………………….. the finish. If desired, the artist can mix different
media with their paints and use topcoats or varnishes to alter or unify 4……………………………... .

When dry, acrylic paint is generally 6…………………………….. from a solid surface if it adheres to the surface.
Water or mild solvents do not re-solubilize it, although isopropyl alcohol can lift some fresh paint films
off. Toluene and acetone can 7…………………………….. paint films, but they do not lift paint stains very well
and are not selective. The use of a solvent to 7…………………………….. paint may result in removal of all of the
paint 8…………………………….. (acrylic gesso, et cetera). Oils and warm, soapy water can 7……………………………..
acrylic paint from skin.

An acrylic sizing should be used to 9…………………………….. canvas in preparation for painting with acrylic
paints, to prevent Support Induced Discoloration (SID). Acrylic paint contains surfactants that can pull up
discoloration from a 10…………………………….. canvas, especially in transparent glazed or translucent gelled
areas. Gesso alone will not stop SID; a sizing must be applied before using a gesso.

The 11…………………………….. of acrylic can be successfully reduced by using suitable extenders that maintain
the integrity of the paint film. There are 12…………………………….. to slow drying and extend workability time,
and flow releases to increase colour-blending ability.

Here you are the missing words ( 2 words are sused 3 times and 1 word is used twice):

retarders dull sheen viscosity washes raw

remove thinned layers prime non-removable semi-matte

Differences between acrylic and oil paint

The vehicle and binder of oil paints is 1…………………………….. (or another drying oil), whereas acrylic paint
has 2…………………………….. as the vehicle for an emulsion (suspension) of acrylic polymer, which serves as
the binder. Thus, oil paint is said to be "3……………………………..", whereas acrylic paint is
"4…………………………….." (or sometimes "water-borne").

The main practical difference between most acrylics and oil paints is the inherent 5……………………………..
time. Oils allow for more time to blend colours and apply even 6…………………………….. over underpaintings.
This slow-drying aspect of oil can be seen as an advantage for certain techniques, but it impedes an artist
trying to work quickly. The fast evaporation of 2…………………………….. from regular acrylic paint films can be
7…………………………….. with the use of acrylic retarders. Retarders are generally glycol or glycerin-based
additives. The addition of a retarder slows the evaporation rate of the 2……………………………...

Oil paints may require the use of 8…………………………….. such as mineral spirits or turpentine to thin the
paint and clean up. These 8…………………………….. generally have some level of toxicity and are often found
objectionable. Relatively recently, 9…………………………….. oil paints have been developed for artists' use. Oil
paint films can become increasingly yellow and 10…………………………….. with time; they lose much of their
flexibility in a few decades. Additionally, the rules of "fat over lean" must be employed to ensure the paint
films are durable.

Oil paint has a higher pigment 11…………………………….. than acrylic paint. As 1…………………………….. contains a
smaller molecule than acrylic paint, oil paint is able to absorb substantially more pigment. Oil provides a
refractive index that is less clear than acrylic dispersions, which imparts a unique "look and feel" to the
resultant paint film. Not all the pigments of oil paints are 12…………………………….. in acrylics and vice versa,
as each medium has different chemical sensitivities. Some historical pigments are alkali sensitive, and
therefore cannot be made in an acrylic emulsion; others are just too difficult to formulate. Approximate
"hue" colour formulations, that do not contain the historical pigments, are typically offered as
13……………………………... .

Due to acrylic paint's more flexible nature and more consistent 5…………………………….. time between layers,
an artist does not have to follow the same rules of oil painting, where more medium must be applied to
each layer to avoid 14……………………………... It usually takes 15–20 minutes for one to two layers of acrylic
paint to dry. Although canvas needs to be properly 15…………………………….. before painting with oil to
prevent it from eventually rotting the canvas, acrylic can be safely applied straight to the canvas. The
rapid 5…………………………….. of acrylic paint tends to discourage blending of colour and use of wet-in-
wet technique as in oil painting. Even though acrylic retarders can slow 5…………………………….. time to
several hours, it remains a relatively fast-drying medium and adding too much acrylic retarder can
prevent the paint from ever 5…………………………….. properly.
Meanwhile, acrylic paint is very elastic, which prevents 14…………………………….. from occurring. Acrylic
paint's binder is acrylic polymer emulsion – as this binder dries, the paint remains 16……………………………...

Another difference between oil and acrylic paints is the 17…………………………….. offered by acrylic paints.
Acrylics are very useful in mixed media, allowing the use of pastel (oil and chalk), charcoal and pen
(among others) on top of the dried acrylic painted surface. Mixing other bodies into the acrylic is
possible—sand, rice, and even 18…………………………….. may be incorporated in the artwork. Mixing artist or
student grade acrylic paint with household acrylic emulsions is possible, allowing the use of premixed
tints straight from the 19…………………………….. or tin, and thereby presenting the painter with a vast colour
range at their disposal. This 17…………………………….. is also illustrated by the variety of additional artistic uses
for acrylics. Specialized acrylics have been manufactured and used for linoblock printing (acrylic block
printing ink has been produced by Derivan since the early 1980s), face painting, airbrushing, watercolor-
like techniques, and fabric screen printing.

Another difference between oil and acrylic paint is the 20……………………………... Acrylic paint can be cleaned
out of a brush with any soap, while oil paint needs a specific type to be sure to get all the oil out of the
brushes. Also, it is easier to let a palette with oil paint dry and then scrape the paint off, whereas one can
easily clean wet acrylic paint with 2……………………………...

Here you are the missing words (4 words are used twice, 1 word is used 4 times and another one is used
5 times)

tube drying load available solvents brittle

cleanup glazes water slowed water-based linseed oil

substitutes oil-based cracking versatility primed

pasta flexible water-miscible