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Introduction To Turbomachinery: 1. Coordinate System

This document introduces fundamental concepts in turbomachinery, including coordinate systems used to describe flow velocities, and the laws of thermodynamics, momentum, and rothalpy that govern turbomachinery operation. It discusses continuity equations, conservation of energy equations for work-producing and consuming machines, Euler equations for pumps and turbines, and defines rothalpy as an important property for rotating fluid flow systems.

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629 views4 pages

Introduction To Turbomachinery: 1. Coordinate System

This document introduces fundamental concepts in turbomachinery, including coordinate systems used to describe flow velocities, and the laws of thermodynamics, momentum, and rothalpy that govern turbomachinery operation. It discusses continuity equations, conservation of energy equations for work-producing and consuming machines, Euler equations for pumps and turbines, and defines rothalpy as an important property for rotating fluid flow systems.

Uploaded by

Nah Sr Ad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Turbomachinery

1. Coordinate System
Total flow velocity is calculated based on below view as

The swirl (tangential) angle is  (i)

Relative Velocities

Relative Velocity (ii)

Relative Flow Angle (iii)

Stream surface View Combining i, ii, and iii ; 

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Introduction to Turbomachinery
2. Fundemental Laws used in Turbomachinery

2.1. Continuity Equation (Conservation of mass principle)

2.2. Conservation of Energy (1st law of thermodynamics)

Stagnation enthalpy;

if gz = 0;

For work producing machines

For work consuming machines

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Introduction to Turbomachinery
2. Fundemental Laws used in Turbomachinery

2.3. Conservation of Momentum (Newtons Second Law of Motion)
• For a steady flow process;

• Here, pA is the pressure contribution, where it is cancelled  when there is rotational symmetry. Using 
this basic rule one can determine the angular momentum as

• The Euler work equation is: 

where 

The Euler Pump equation 

The Euler Turbine equation 

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Introduction to Turbomachinery
2. Fundemental Laws used in Turbomachinery

Writing the Euler Eqution in the energy equation for 
an adiabatic turbine or pump system (Q=0)

NOTE: Frictional losses are not included in the Euler Equation.

2.4. Rothalpy
An important property for fluid flow in rotating systems is called rothalpy (I)
and 

Writing the velocity (c) , in terms of relative velocities :

, simplifying; 

Defining a new RELATIVE stagnation enthalpy; 
Redefining the Rothalpy: 
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