Name………………….

Human Rights
Every human being has some basic rights and some
fundamental rights. The basic rights include: Food, shelter,
medical and education. Similarly, the fundamental rights
include a well-built road, internet, play grounds, and parks etc.
In this regard, both the constitution of Pakistan and the Islamic
system of government provides both basic and fundamental
rights to every individual of the society.

Political Vision
The term political vision describes personal opinion of an
individual. Every modern state provides the opportunity to its
people to have a political point of view. Owing to the personal
political ideology, every citizen may play a proper role in the
development and in the election of the new government. In
Pakistan, the constitution of 1973 gives freedom of opinion to
every single person to join his/her favorite political party or to
cast his/her vote in the favor of a particular party.
 Poverty is the Root Cause of All Social Evils
There is no denying of the fact that poverty creates several
issues in the life of every one. The topic describes that social
evils or social problems comes due to poverty. To some extent,
some other reasons may exist, but other social problems such
as: stealing, looting, robberies, street crimes and illegal
business of narcotics occur due to poverty. The poor segment
of the society hardly finds a decent job to fulfil their daily
requirements of life, thus they turned towards social crimes.

What is an essay?
An essay is the combination of various paragraphs discussing a
single idea /topic.
The word essay comes from the root word (essai) which means
to try or to attempt.
Types of essays:
1. Descriptive essay
2. Narrative essay
3. Argumentative essay / persuasive essay
4. Cause and effect essay
5. Quotation based essay / expansion of idea/proverb/maxim
An essay has three main parts:
1. Introductory paragraph

1. Topic sentence
2. Supporting sentences / detail sentences
3. Thesis statement
(a thesis statement is the opinion of the writer. It should be a complete
sentence. It indicates to rest of the essay or supporting paragraphs. It
comes at the end of the introductory paragraph nearer to the first
supporting paragraph)

2. Supporting paragraphs
1. Topic sentences
2. Detail sentences
3. Concluding sentence

3 supporting paragraph
1. Topic sentence
2. Detail sentences
3. Concluding sentence

Supporting paragraph
Topic sentence
Detail sentences
Concluding sentence

4. Concluding paragraph
I. Rewrite(thesis statement) in different words
I. Never add new idea in the concluding paragraph
  Rewrite your introductory paragraph and give a slight touch to
supporting paragraphs.

Brainstorming

My Academy
Outline
1. Introduction
2. Back history
i: 2008
A. ………..
B. ………..
C. ……………

ii: 2016
A. …………….
B. ………………
C. ………………
3. Infrastructure
i:………….
Ii:……..
Iii:……………
4. Teaching staff and students
I:………….
5. Comparison with other academies
I:………………
 ii. ………………
6. Conclusion

Coherence and Unity

Coherence means related
Is
called poverty.
Similarly, There are many causes of poverty.

Due to poverty.
In addition,…………………………..

Conclussion.
In sum up/ summing up

Descriptive Essay.
The word descriptive is an adjective which comes from
its verb describe. In a descriptive essay, a student in the
examination is asked to write about:
Person, Place, an object, an animal/bird.

Person
My best friend, My best teacher, My favorite poet, Qauid E Azam
Allama Iqbal, Hazrat Muhmmad (PBUH) etc

Place
My country, My city, my school, my college, My academy
An Object
My computer, A pen, A book, A Aeroplane etc. A rose

Any Animal / Bird

A loan, A dog, A cat, A pigeon, A parrot, humming bird.
 My Best Teacher

Outline

1. Introduction
2. Educational Background
I . primary education
a. Newtown School zhob
ii. HIGHER EDUCATION
3. Appearances
4. Social Interaction
5.
6. Conclusion

Introduction
Hazrat Ali R.A said,” The one who taught me a single word
made me his slave.” In this regard, I would like to state about
my favorite teacher. I have been the student of many teachers,
but Mr Sayad Bacha is my all-time favorite teacher. He not only
supported me on every stage, but also motivated and guided me
in my educational career. Mr Bacha is a well-educated person.
He has a very inspiring personality. Besides, He has the abilities
of a comprehensive and strong social contacts.

In addition, Mr Sayad Bacha is a very educated person. He

completed his matriculation Modal High School at his home town Zhob. After that, he went to Quetta and did his inter from Polytechnic
College Quetta in the field of electronics. Furthermore, For the master degrees,he joined the University of Balochistan and completed his
master at English Literature. Additionally, he also carries a master degree in political science. He has attempted twice PCS, SS Exams.

Mr Sayad Bacha has a great and inspiring personality . He has long hairstyle which suits
his personality. He is clean shaven. His favorite color is black that is why he always wears black dress and shoes.

Having an amazing personality, Mr Bacha is looking very attractive . All his

colleagues and students love him. He keeps a very strong social contacts due to his abilities and extensive studies. He is not only a kind
hearted person, but also a very generous person. He helps the poor and always assists his students in education consoling.

Conclusion

In sum up, a teacher is the one who helps and develop a student’s life. He plays a key role in the society and owns a very respective
and honorable place both in Islam and in social life. Mr Bacha has been one of the greatest teachers in my life. He always helped me in my
studies. Not only I but the whole citizens are inspired by his caring qualities.
Tips for capitalization
 Make every first latter capital of the sentence, phrase.
 Allama Muhammad Iqbal was a great and famous poet of the
sub-continent. He was born in Siyalkot.

Make capital every first latter of every proper Noun.

Always write “I” capital when used as pronoun.
Have I Called you?
Avoid writing first latter capital after any phrase. EXCEPT a proper
noun. In our class, he is one of the best students.
In the Pakistani Politics, Benazir Bhatu was a very prominent
personality.

Some usage “THE”

The is used when something/ any place/ person etc is already
mentioned.
I read in Bacha Jee Academy Zhob. The academy
I saw a boy; the boy was blind.
Do not use “The” before name of any sport/game etc
Do not use “The” before any language.
Do not use “The before” meal.
Do not use before any common noun.
Use “The” with unique things : The Earth, The Moon, The Holy Quran.
Use “The” With genetic group.
The dog is faithful
The man is mortal
Use “The” when referring to proper adjective
The Pakistani
The Afghan
The Pashtun
The Baloch
The Panjabi

The Muslims
The Indians
The Americans
The poor
The rich

The Prime Minister.

Prime Minister Imran Khan
The Pakistani prime Minister.
Pronunciation of “The”

Di “ Unique thing . The Holy Quran . Start from vowel

The Earth.
Da: General usage
Narrative Essay:
The word narrative means to STATE any past
experience. Event.
It includes; My first/last day in college
My first in School, university, class etc
Picnic with friends
A visit to zoo / any historical place
Travel, Eid first day, Brother marriage,
Newspaper report

In narrative essays, we take help of 5Ws +H

Question.
What. ( Some thing , any event)
When (time )
Where (Place)
Who ( The persons in the story)
Why ( Reason)
How ( manner )

Picnic with Friends

Outline
1.introduction
2. Departure Silyaza
3. Cooking and Enjoyment
4. Returning from Silyaza
5.Conclusion

Introduction
Having a picnic with dearest friends is always considered
one of the memorable and happiest moments of life. Last
Sunday, we were sitting in academy with some of our friends
who had come from Islamabad. One of our friends, Nasim Khan
said, “Let us have an outing program to Silyaza”. It was a
wonder idea from him that we all accepted wholeheartedly.
After an hour, we all contributed the amount for the picnic.
The responsibilities were divided among the friends. Nasim
Khan and Humayun went to hire a coach and Mr Nazar and I
went to bazar to purchase food items. After all arrangements,
we were ready to go to Silyaza. We moved towards our rented
vehicle and sat in it. As we started our journey,we enjoyed a lot
the whole way. We stopped at Silyazza Pump and had attan
(The traditional dance). It was a wounderful trip to Silyaza.
 On the arrival to Silyaza, we chose the sitting place.After
searching, we found a very airy and beautiful place near with a
slightly water flow. As Kamran Khan as expert in cooking so he
was supposed to cook karai and Nadeem was given the
responsibility to cook biryani for his expertise. Rest of the
friends, went to Silyza dame to have a swim in the fresh water
while three friends stayed with Kamran and Nadeem to help
them in cooking. After some two hours, when we returned
everything was ready. It was just time to have lunch. When all
gathered and enjoyed the delicious food. Everyone praised
Kamran Khan and Nadeem for cooking such tasty food.
After having the lunch, we planned to have a walk and to
click some beautiful pictures in the eye catching scenes of
Silyaza. At the end,once again the local attan was done.It was
almost 7 o’clock, so we decided to leave Silyaza. All the
materials that we had taken with were kept in the car. For the
last time, we clicked a group photo and started our returning
journey. On the way, as we all were very tired so on the way we
canceled the attan somewhere on the way. After a 30-minute
drive we reached to the city safe and sound.
Conclusion
In sum up, it was an amazing outdoor program with
friends. The enjoyment we took from the picnic will be
remembered for a long period of time. As the friends who had
come from Islamabad, they were also very excited and were
very happy. Some of them were anxious to have such a
program some time next too. We promised them, that the treat
would be given once again in coming time. I Hope we would
meet time and again.

Argumentative Essay
The word argumentative means to argue or to state one’s own opinion about
the given topic. It may be in the favor of the topic or it may negate the topic. In
the argumentative essay the writer should pursue use the checker with his
arguments with the help of “Yes” or “No”.
If yes : Why If No :Why

Should teen agers use Social Media?

Brainstorming
It helps the student
Social media is a cheap source of information
People can be inform in a short period of time
Students can take advantage of the international teachers. Instructors,
Students can download knowledgeable video lectures
Visualization is one of the most effective ways of learning .
No need to go to tuitions, tutors etc.
No space and limit for learning
Exchange of languages,

Exchange of information

Exchange of culture and traditions

Source of entertainment and study

Young have the right of expression

Art, painting, sports, content writing,

Literature, history

Political views

Traveling , tourism ,

Self confidence through cameras,

Utilizing personal knowledge

Promoting national and mother tongue
Aware of new developments
Information about the modern technology

No,I don’t support social Media for teen agers

It can deviate their minds

It promotes child abuse

It promotes pornography

It is a cause of harassment

It is a cause of blackmailing

Through social media street crimes increase

The tendency of love marriage increased

It promote violation

It spread fear and panic

It mentally effects the teen agers

It is a source of fake news

A source of propaganda

Notorious politicians take advantages to grab the attention of the young

Young commit suicide due to blackmailing like blue wheel games

Dark web is the crime web where children and teen agers are harassed

Should Teen Agers Use Social Media?

Outline
1. Introduction
2. Wastes time
3. Wastes money
4. Damaging self-creativity
5. Conclusion

Introduction
Social Media is a great source of information. It includes,
Facebook, Youtube, Twitter, Snap cheat, Whatsapp etc.
Nowadays, a majority of the teen agers are using social media.
Social not only wastes the precious time of the teen agers, but
also wastes money. Besides, it greatly damages self-creativity of
the teen agers.
 This day, a huge number of teen agers are active on
either of the social media website. They spend hours on
Facebook, Youtube, Twitter and Whatsapp without any positive
gaining. Additionally, Teen boys/girls on social media which
distract them from their studies. As result they face failure in
the examinations.
Not this but, Social Media wastes money in an
abundance. Where students are to spend money on books, pens
etc., they tend to spend money on activating internet packages.
On one hand, the parents hardly fulfil their desires, on the other
hand students spend money like a water on useless websites.

It is scientifically proved that with the immense use of social

media person’s self-creativity gets weakened with the passage of
time. On social Media, various types of thoughts coming together
which divert the brain. In this case, teen agers hardly become creative
minded. According to a psychological report, on social media, a
handsome number of students lose their creativity owing to the
diversion of thoughts. In the past, people were writing books,
presenting new ideas, but in this renaissance people are observed
that they have become copycat.
Conclusion
In sum up, due to social media the world has become connected. It
provides a large quantity of information to every individual. But, for
youngsters, it may not prove effective as it is the time of study for
them. Although, Social media gives information, but it is not for free.
Especially, students who have not enough expenses, they need to
avoid social media. Instead it would be better for them to take
advantages of books.
Causative Essay
Cause and Effect Essay
A causative / cause effect essay means a reason behind any
effect /result
Sometime a single cause has so many effects.
Sometimes a single effect so many cause
Many effects for a single cause

What ? How/why ? and what are the effects

Electricity outage/ shortage / cause
1. Effects the business
2. Disturbes office works
3. Water shortage
4. Disturbs Education
5. Internet
6. Fuel problem
7. Barriers in banking
8. Problems in hospitals
9. Mechanical work
10. Masses get disturbed for missing important matches,
drama.

Population bomb.
 1. Poverty
2. Unemployment
3. Crimes
4. Illegal business
5. Medical issues
6. Education problems
7. Transportation issues
8. Urbanization
9. Traffic issues
10. Domestic issues
11. Inflation

Never use must especially for official

Should Children be given primary education in their mother

language?
What are the consequences of population?
The negative effects of social media.

Corona Virus Covid19 Interns in Pakistan

1. Introduction
2. Causes
i. Animals and human to human
3. Effects
i. Diseases, Fear and Panic
ii. Lack of Surgical mask / sold on exorbitant prices
iii. Education

4. Suggestions
5. Conclusion

Introduction
Corona Virus is a novel virus which came out from
Wuhan City of China. The virus was firstly diagnosed in china
which later broke out around the world in 2019. The World
Health Organization named the virus Covid19. The said virus has
greatly spread fear and panic in the world. A huge number of
cases have been diagnosed so for whereas a large number of the
masses have lost their lives due to the fatal virus. Several causes
have been traced for the spread of virus such as; various animals
and human to human transfer through respiratory system.
At the beginning, Corona virus was said to be caused by
bat, but later on some other animals like; cates, camels, and
seafood are considered the prime agent for the covid19 from
Wuhan City. With a short period of time, the virus started
transferring human to human through breath in taking.
The symptoms of the Corona virus a very common. At
the initial stage, the victim feels cough, flue, headache and faces
hurdles in inhaling breath while at the higher level the sufferer
experiences Pneumonia, lungs infection and failure of the
kidneys. Due to, a great number of people around the globe are
going through fear and panic. People are psychologically
suffering from phobia of the new virus.
Owing to great fear and panic people are to wear surgical
masks as per the recommendations of the World Health
Organization. Unfortunately, In Pakistan, after the first two
positive cases of the corona virus, the wholesalers are storing
the medical surgical. Some cases have been observed that the
masks are being sold on exorbitant prices in the country.
 Similarly, the spread of the said virus has badly affected
the education system not only in Pakistan but in the world too.
Japan has closed its educational institutes till April for round
about 20 million children while the Chinese Government has
already closed around 10 million schools. In Pakistan, The Sindh
and Baluchistan government issued a notification that all the
education centres shall remain closed up to March 15 in both the
provinces on emergency and provision of the virus.

As the virus is dangerous and chronic for the human

beings, the World Health Organization has given the following
precaution so as to remain safe:
1. Wash your hands with soap after using washroom.
2. Wash your hands before and after eating.
3. Stay away from pets
4. Avoid eating contaminated food/ street food.
Conclusion
In sum up, The Covid19 is a fatal virus which has hugely
impacted the world. Almost every country has some of the
positive cases while the mortality rate is increasing with every
other passing day. It not only influenced trade and business
but every walk of life if effected. The precautions that are
given by WHO in order to stay healthy and safe from the
virus, it is direly important to follow the given health tips.
Introduction

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________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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 ________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________

1. ________________________________________
2. __________________________________________
3. _________________________________________

Conclusion
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
__

Over Population
Pollution
Negative impacts of social media
Greenhous effects
Deforestation
Poor education system
Traffic issues
Causes and effects of terrorism
Poverty

Quotation Based Essay / Expansion of Idea

In this types essay, a student is given a
proverb/quotation etc to explain in details.
 Education is the Most Powerful Weapon to
Change the World.
Handsome is as Handsome does.
Key words
Education , powerful weapon , to change the world

Handsome / good looking, beautiful , Having good

appearance.
Does / work , job , task ,deed ,performance
.activity ,action .

Rome was not built in a day.

Rome: Beautiful city / ancient city

Not built in a day, not constructed in a day/ not
completed in a day
(Someone or something/ any action is completing in
a single day/ short time
(Gradual process gives success)

(Brain storming )
Outline

Handsome is as handsome does

Outline
1.Introduction
( Rewrite the quotation/ proverb
(Elaborate / explain the quotation or proverb
(thesis statement/ writer’s own opinion

2. Supporting paragraph
Islamic citation

3.Pak study citation

 4 . International level

4.Daily life

5.Conclusion

Education is the Most Powerful Weapon to Change the World.

Introduction
The quote “Education is the Most Powerful Weapon to Change the World” is a very famous
quotation of the African revolutionary leader Nelson Mandela. It shows that education is the only source
that can bring revolution the world. Comparing to destructive weapons, education plays a very vital role in
this regard. History reveals, that arms and weapons have always been a cause of destruction. Similarly,
education brought the world from stone age to the modern digital age.
In this regard, the importance of education is very highlighted in Islam. During the battle of
Baddr, a huge number of Non-Muslims were captured. After that, The Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad
PBUH put a condition before them if a single Non-Muslim teach a Muslim child he will be released. It
shows that even at the time of Hazarat Muhammad PBUH, education had a great significance.
Besides, During the Pakistan Movement, The father of the nation Quaid E Azam Muhammad
Ali Jinnah was speaking to the student of Peshawar University. He emphasized the importance of
education and said, “Every student has the responsibility to play his/her part in the independent
movement of a free homeland Pakistan which needs a very sharp and intellect mindset therefore it is
important for you to get education and serve the nation”.
In addition to this, education plays a key role in the life of every individual. All the scientific and
technological renaissance is the result of quality education. Unfortunately, education system is passing
through a number of challenges in Pakistan. It has been badly effected by terrorism in the country.
Besides, Corruption and insincerity of the political leadership, education has been ignored. The education
budget has been decreased due to a majority of the government run institutions cannot fulfil the modern
requirement of the students. As consequence, Pakistan is deprived of scientist. Not only this but, it also
lags behind the country in the race of modern developing countries.
Conclusion
In sum up, the quote is giving importance education then arms and ammunition. Today, the world is
competing by a well quality education. In the past, people used to ignore education as it was the time of
poverty and industrialization. A great number of people were laborers. They could not bear the expenses
of education neither they had the right to get education. It was Nelson Mandela who spent almost 27
years in prison to get his people free from the discrimination of the white people. Thus he stressed on the
importance of education.
 Precis Writing
Precis writing means to precise the given passage
Or to make the given passage short about 1/3 of the original.
Or to concise the given passage.

1/3 means to make given passage / divide the given passage by

three parts
300 divide by 3 = 100

Tips
1. COUNT THE GIVEN WORDS OF THE PASSAGE
2. READ TIME AND AGAIN TO UNDERSTAND THE CRUX OF THE
GIVEN PASSAGE.
3. Point out the important points or underline
4. Leave out the extra unnecessary sentences.
5. Do not write the same words as given in the original passage
6. Use synonyms of the original words
7. Do not leave out the important figures/ data /statistics /names
etc
8. You can use the main key words of the original passage
9. Try to use one word substitutions in order precise /concise
10. Do not write sentence by sentence

When writing a precis take care of the following points:

 1. Give a suitable title to the precis
2. Make sure not to write incomplete sentences
3. Always write in indirect speech
4. Do not write in second and first person. Write in third person
5. Take care of coherence and cohesion and unity in the precis
6. For fluency use various transition words, FANBOYS
7. Try to make a single paragraph. But sometimes more than one
are possible.
8. Avoid ambiguity in the precis

5 words relaxation

Summary writing / paraphrase writing

1. Summary writing means to summarize

the given passage in your own words.
2. Paraphrase means to rewrite the
given passage in own words.

Photo description
To describe a photo in details in a
type of story in the present
Tag question

Positive sentence negative tag question

Negative sentence positive tag question

I AM SPEAKING TO YOU isn’t I

I SPEAK DON’T I
He has spoken hasn’t he
Has been
You played here didn’t you
We were waiting for you weren’t we
He was coming wasn’t he
He had informed you hadn’t he
You had been
He will not call you won’t he
He can speak can’t he
He could come couldn’t he
You should bring books shouldn’t you
 Negative sentences
He does not write does he
He is not writing an essay is he
They have not informed us have they
I did not solve the issue did I
You were not asking me were you
They had not called us had they?
We will not buy a laptop will we ?
He must not come again ?