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Domingo v. Zamora

Pres. Estrada issued EO No. 81 transferring sports development programs from the DECS to the PSC. DECS Sec. Gonzales then reassigned remaining BPESS staff to other DECS offices. Petitioners argued this violated separation of powers and their tenure. However, while the case was pending, Congress enacted RA No. 9155 which abolished the BPESS and provided for staff transfers. The Court dismissed the case as moot, but explained the EO was valid as EO No. 292 grants the President authority to reorganize the Office of the President to achieve efficiency, including transferring functions between agencies.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
1K views2 pages

Domingo v. Zamora

Pres. Estrada issued EO No. 81 transferring sports development programs from the DECS to the PSC. DECS Sec. Gonzales then reassigned remaining BPESS staff to other DECS offices. Petitioners argued this violated separation of powers and their tenure. However, while the case was pending, Congress enacted RA No. 9155 which abolished the BPESS and provided for staff transfers. The Court dismissed the case as moot, but explained the EO was valid as EO No. 292 grants the President authority to reorganize the Office of the President to achieve efficiency, including transferring functions between agencies.

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Mina Aragon
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[29] Domingo v. Zamora  3. Petitioners  were  among  the  reassigned  personnel.

  They  argue  that  the 


G.R. No. 142283 | February 6, 2003 | Executive Power of Reorganization | Vica  EO  is  unconstitutional  for  violating  the  principle  of  separation  of 
Petitioner:  ​ROSA  LIGAYA  C.  DOMINGO,  ROMEO  M.  FERNANDEZ,  VICTORIA  S.  powers--  as  it  constitutes  undue  legislation  ​by  Pres.  Estrada--  and  their 
ESTRADA,  JULIETA  C.  FAJARDO,  ADELAIDA  B.  GAWIRAN,  MARCIANO  M.  SERVO,  right to security of tenure. 
VICTORIA  S.  DAOANG,  FELICIANO  N. TOLEDO III, JAYNELYN D. FLORES, MA. LIZA  4. During  the  pendency  of  the  case,  RA  No.  9155,6  which  ​expressly 
B.  LLOREN,  ROMELIA  A.  CONTAPAY,  MARIVIC  B.  TOLITOL,  PAZ  LEVITA  G.  abolished  the  BPESS​,  was  enacted  (NOTE:  this  made  the  undue 
VILLANUEVA,  EDITHA  C.  HERNANDEZ,  JOSE  HERNANDEZ,  JR.,  VERONICA  C.  legislation issue moot and academic). It provides that: 
BELLES,  AMELITA  S.  BUCE,  MERCELITA  C.  MARANAN,  CRISTITUTO  C.  LLOREN,  a. all  functions,  programs  and  activities  of  the  DECS  related  to 
HERNANDO M. EVANGELISTA, and CARLOS BACAY, JR. 
sports competition shall be transferred to the PSC; 
Respondents:  HON.  RONALDO  D.  ZAMORA,  in  his  capacity  as  the  Executive 
Secretary,  HON.  ANDREW  B.  GONZALES,  in  his  capacity  as  the  Secretary  of  b. whereas  the  Program  for  school  sports  and  physical  fitness 
Education,  and  HON.  CARLOS  D.  TUASON,  in  his  capacity  as  the  Chairman  of  the  shall remain part of the basic education curriculum.  
Philippine Sports Commission  5. The  RA  also  provides  that  the  ​personnel  of  the  BPESS,  presently 
  detailed  with  the  PSC, are hereby transferred to the PSC without loss of 
Recit-Ready:  ​Pres.  Estrada  issued  EO No. 81 transferring the sports development  rank,  including  the  plantilla  positions  they  occupy,  while  ​all  others  shall 
programs  and  activities  of  the  DECS  to  the  PSC.  DECS  Sec.  Gonzales then issued  be retained by the DECS ​(NOTE: this solves the security of tenure issue). 
memoranda  reassigning  remaining  BPESS  staff  to  other  offices  within  the  DECS. 
 
The  petitioners  were  among  the  reassigned  staff,  and  they  argued  that  the  EO 
ISSUE:   
constitutes  undue  legislation  and  violates  their  right  to  security  of  tenure. 
1. W/N the EO constitutes undue legislation by the President. ​NO 
However,  while  the  case  was  pending,  the  congress  enacted  RA  No.  9155  which 
 
expressly  abolished  the  BPESS and provides that BPESS personnel not transferred 
RATIO: 
to  the  PSC  shall  be  retained  by  the  DECS.  The  SC  then  dismissed  the  case  for 
1. The  SC  dismissed  the  petition  for  being moot and academic because of 
being moot and academic, but explained that the assailed EO was valid. 
the  enactment  of  RA  No.  9155,  but  they  nonetheless  explained  that  the 
 
EO was valid. 
Doctrine:  ​EO  No.  292  expressly  grants  the  President  continuing  authority  to 
2. EO  No.  2927  ​expressly  grants  the  President  continuing  authority  to 
reorganize  the  Office  of  the  President,  i.e.,  power  to  reorganize,  to  achieve 
reorganize  the  Office  of  the  President8  to  achieve  simplicity,  economy 
simplicity, economy and efficiency. 
and efficiency. 
3. Under  EO  292,  the  DECS  is  indisputably  a  Department  of  the  Executive 
FACTS:  Branch;  but  even  if  the  DECS  is  not  part  of  the  Office  of  the  President, 
1. This  is  a  petition  for  certiorari  and  prohibition  seeking  to  nullify  EO  No.  Sec.  31  (2)  and  (3) of EO 292 clearly authorizes the President to transfer 
811 and DECS Memoranda.2  6
Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001
2. Pres.  Estrada  issued  the  assailed  EO  which  transferred  the  ​sports  7
Administrative Code of 1987
development  programs  and  activities  of  the  DECS3  to  the  PSC.4  DECS  8
Sec. 31 of EO No. 292 provides that the President may take any of the
Sec.  Gonzales  then  issued  the  DECS  Memoranda  which  reassigned  all 
following actions:
remaining  BPESS5  personnel  (people  who  were  not  transferred  to  the  1. Restructure the internal organization of the Office of the
PSC) to other offices within the DECS.  President Proper,​ including the immediate Offices, the Presidential
Special Assistants/Advisers System and the Common Support
1
Transferring the Sports Programs and Activities of the Department of System, by abolishing, consolidating or merging units thereof or
Education, Culture and Sports to the Philippine Sports Commission and transferring functions from one unit to another;
Defining the Role of DECS in School-Based Sports 2. Transfer any function under the Office of the President to any
2
Memoranda Nos. 01592 to 94 other Department or Agency ​as well as transfer functions to the
3
Department of Education, Culture and Sports (now called Department of Office of the President from other Departments and Agencies;
Education) 3. and ​Transfer any agency under the Office of the President to
4
Philippine Sports Commission any other department or agency​ as well as transfer agencies to
5
Bureau of Physical Education and School Sports the Office of the President from other Departments or Agencies
any  function  or agency of the DECS to the Office of the President. On the 
other  hand,  the  charter of PSC provides that it’s attached to the Office of 
the  President.  Hence,  the  President  has  the  authority  to  transfer  the 
functions,  programs  and  activities  of  DECS  related  to  sports 
development  to  the  PSC,  thus  making  EO  No.  81  a  valid  presidential 
issuance. 
4. The  Office  of  the  President  is  the  nerve  center  of  the  Executive  Branch. 
To  remain  effective  and  efficient,  the  Office  of  the  President  must  be 
capable  of  being  shaped  and  reshaped  by  the  President  in  the  manner 
he  deems  fit  to  carry  out  his  directives  and  policies.  After  all,  the Office 
of the President is the command post of the President.  
 
ADDITIONAL NOTES: 
1. The  President’s  power  to  reorganize  the  Office  of  the  President  under 
Sec.  31  (2)  and  (3)  of  EO  No.  292  should  be  distinguished  from  his 
power  to  reorganize  the  Office  of  the President Proper under Sec. 31 (1) 
of the same issuance.  
2. Under  ​Sec.  31  (1)​,  the  President  can  reorganize  the  Office  of  the 
President  Proper  ​by  abolishing,  consolidating  or  merging  units,  or  by 
transferring  functions  from  one  unit  to  another​.  In  contrast,  under ​Sec. 
31  (2)  and  (3​),  the  President’s  power  to  reorganize  offices  outside  the 
Office  of  the  President  Proper  but  still  within  the  Office of the President 
is  limited  to  merely  transferring  functions  or  agencies  ​from  the  Office 
of the President to Departments or Agencies, and vice versa. 
3. This  distinction  is  crucial  as  it  affects  the  ​security  of  tenure  of 
employees.  The  abolition  of  an  office in good faith necessarily results in 
the  employees  cessation  in  office,  but  in  such  event  there  is  no 
dismissal  or  separation  because  the  office  itself  ceases to exist. On the 
other  hand,  the  transfer  of  functions  or  agencies  does  not  result  in  the 
employees  cessation  in  office  because  his  office  continues  to  exist 
although in another department, agency or office.  
 

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