Course No.

2004

4. Bilge System &

Oil Pollution Prevention System in E/R
 Bilge System - E/R

• Purpose of the rules/regulations;

Safe and efficient drainage of the engine room

Slide 2
 Bilge System - E/R
• Basic requirements ;

− An efficient drainage system is to be

provided. or
Pass between the E/R and
− The arrangement is to be such that sea other compartment.
water can not unintentionally enter the
E/R

− Two non-return valves in series are to except for Direct and emergency bilge
be installed between sea/ballast system suctions in the E/R.
and bilge suctions. For these one non-return
valve is acceptable

− All direct and branch suctions are to be fitted with screw-down non-return valves

Slide 3
 Bilge System - E/R
• Specific requirements ;
− It should be possible to pump out water through at least two suctions.

One suction is to be a branch suction connected to the main bilge line.

The other is to be a direct suction led directly to a bilge pump.

If an emergency suction is arranged to a self-priming pump, the direct

bilge suction may be omitted on the side of the emergency suction.

At least 3 branch bilge suctions are to be fitted.

Slide 4
 Bilge System - E/R
• Specific requirements ;

− All bilge pump connections to the main line are to be fitted

with stop valves.

− The bilge pumps are to be so arranged that either can be used

while the other is being overhauled.

− The direct bilge suctions are to be so arranged that they can be

used at the same time as the other bilge pumping unit is drawing
from the main bilge line.

Slide 5
 Bilge System - E/R
• Main Bilge Line;

D = 1.68 √L(B+D) + 25 (mm)

L = Distance on the summer load waterline from the fore side of the
stem to the axis of the rudder stock (SLWL LBP) (m)
B = Greatest breath of ship at summer load waterline (m)
D = Vertical distance from baseline to uppermost continuous deck
measured amidship (m).

Branch Bilge :
1.68 → 2.15
L→1
1 = length of space

Slide 6
 Bilge System - E/R
• Direct Bilge Suction Line;

d ≥ 1.4 × branch bilge suction diameter

But, need not exceed the diameter of the main line.

If emergency suction is fitted, the diameter is to be taken

equal to that of the suction side of the pump.

But

Need not exceed 400 mm

Slide 7
 Bilge System - E/R
• Direct Bilge Suction Line;

− At least two independently driven bilge pumps are to

be provided.

Independently driven = Function and power supply

Independent of main engine.
(Commonly, power supply
from aux. engines)
These pumps are common for engine room and cargo
hold bilge systems

− The bilge pumps to be delivered with DNV certificate.

Slide 8
 Bilge System - E/R
• Bilge Pumps;

Capacities :
Q = 5.75 d² / 10³ [m³ / h]
d = Normally
Main bilge diameter

Tankers (where the E/R pumps are not used for bilge drainage
outside the machinery space) :
d - may be based on
2 × A (branch bilge for E/R)
Slide 9
 What is Bilge Water ?

• The definition of bilge water is thus much wider in

scope than merely the contents of a ship’s bilge, the
enclosed area between the frames of the ship where its
sides curve to form the ship’s bottom.
• Bilge water is thus composed of a mixture of water,
detergents and other chemicals, fuel oil, lubricating oil,
hydraulic oil, catalytic fines, oil additives, soot and dirt..

Slide 10
Slide 11
BILGE SYSTEM

TO SHORE
DISCH.CONN.

DIRECT BILGE SUCTION

 Bilge Water Separator

• This mixture is collected in the bilge water holding tank,

which generally is maintained at an elevated
temperature.

• This high temperature facilitates primary separation due

to the force of gravity in the bilge water tank and
preferably is of the two- or three-stage type.

Slide 12
 Bilge Water Separator

Slide 13
 Bilge Water Separator

Small oil droplets collect at the lower edge Coalescing effects in the microfibre bed,
of the profiles and coalesce into larger Patented microfibre elements consist of
droplets. These droplets flow upward and various layers of different types of
onward into the oil dome, where oil is micrometre thin fibres of a special
collected and drained into the waste oil the oleophilic material.
waste
Slide 14
oil tank.
 Bilge Water Separator
FLOW DIAGRAM

Reference : www.alfalaval.com
Slide 15
 MONO PUMP

• The main components of the pump are: a rotating part

called the Rotor and a stationary part called the Stator.

• When the rotor turns inside the stator, the pumping

product moves continuously from the inlet to the outlet
of the cavities thus producing continued delivery.

• This pump is very weak to dry running. It should be

considered to provide a protection device of dry-running

Slide 16
 MONO PUMP

1. The Motor
2. The Drive Shaft
3. The Shaft Sealing
4. The Pump Suction Flange
5. The Coupling Road
6. The Joint
7. The Stator
8. The Rotor
Slide 17 9. The End-stud
 STRAINER

Rose box Mud box

Slide 18
 BILGE SYSTEM- E/R
•Case 1: Please review the below design and present your comments, if any. B.W(P)

OILY OILY
WATER WATER UPP.DK
SEPAR SEPAR
ATOR ATOR

FIRE
HYDRANTS

FM FRESH WATER
SUPPLY SYSTEM

F.W.
STEERING
TANK
GEAR ROOM
(S)

BILGE, FIRE &

GENERAL SERVICE PUMP

A.P
TANK

FM S.W MAIN
CROSSOVER LINE

NO.1 MAIN
C.S.W PUMP EM/CY
B.W.
BILGE
SUCTION
VOID SPACE

FROM SEWAGE COLL. TK

SEE P/D OF ACCOMODATION
B.W(S)
Slide 19
 Bilge System - E/R

•Case 2: Please calculate the size/capacity of the:

- Main bilge line

- Branch bilge lines
- Direct bilge suction line
- Bilge pumps

L = 265m
B = 40m
D = 25m
l = 50m

Slide 20
 Oil Pollution Prevention - E/R

• Purpose of the rules and regulations;

To Prevent pollution by discharge of oily water and oil

residues from E/R.

To achieve safe and reliable handling of oily water and oil

residues.

Slide 21
 Oil Pollution Prevention - E/R

• General requirements ;

Fore peak tanks and other tanks forward of the collision

bulkhead are not to be arranged for carriage of oil.

Combined fuel oil and ballast water tanks are normally not
permitted.

Requirements applicable for ships of 400 GRT and above.

Slide 22
 Oil Pollution Prevention - E/R
• Requirements to oil residue handling system ;
− Collecting tank(s) for oil residues
Including sludge,
waste oil, drain oil etc.

is to be arranged with a minimum aggregate capacity of ;

V = K × C × D (m³)
K = 0.015 if HFO is purified for M/E use.
K = 0.005 if fuel oil does not need purification.
C = Daily fuel oil consumption (m³).
D = Length of voyage in days, but not less than 30
unless restricted service notation.

Where the ship is fitted with sludge incinerator, the tank

Slide 23
capacity may be reduced by 50%
 Oil Pollution Prevention - E/R
• Requirements to oil residue handling system ;

Where HFO is purified onboard, at least 80% of the above

capacity is to be in tank(s) suitable for sludge from the purifiers.

Tanks for oil residues are to be arranged with suitable access

possibilities to facilitate cleaning.

Tanks for sludge from HFO purifiers are to be fitted with

heating arrangements.
Slide 24
 Oil Pollution Prevention - E/R
• Requirements to transferring system ;

− Arrangements for transferring

oil residues and oily bilge Description Dimension
Outside diameter 215mm
water to reception facilities Inner diameter According to pipe outside diameter
are to be provided. Bolt circle diameter 183mm
6 holes 22mm in diameter equidistantly
placed on a bolt circle of the above
Slots in flange
diameter, slotted to the flange periphery.
The slot width to be 22mm
Flange thickness 20mm
Bolts and nuts: quantity, 6, each of 20mm in diameter and of
The reception facility diameter suitable length
The flange is designed to accept pipes up to a maximum internal
connection flange(s) shall diameter of 125mm and shall be of steel or other equivalent material
having a flat face.
be suitably located and This flange, together with a gasket of oilproof material, shall be
with dimensions as given suitable for a service pressure of 6 bar.

Slide 25
 Oil Pollution Prevention - E/R

The reception facility connection flange(s)

Slide 26
 Oil Pollution Prevention - E/R
• Requirements to transferring system ;

− The oil residue handling system shall have no

direct over board connection
Other than the reception facility connection flange

− The oil residue handling system shall have no connections to

the bilge water system, except for :
1. A possible common line leading to a common
reception facility connection flange.
2. Connections for draining settled water from sludge
tanks to bilge water holding tanks or bilge wells
provided

Fitted self-closing valves or equivalent arrangement.

Slide 27
 Oil Pollution Prevention - E/R
• Requirements to transferring system ;

− An oily-water separating/oil filtering equipment to be installed

Capable of producing effluent with oil content of less than 15ppm.

For ships above 10,000 GRT;

- Alarm > 15ppm (acoustic & visual)
- Automatically stop discharge to sea
- Direct discharge to bilge tank/bilge well.

For special areas this requirement is also valid for ships

of less than 10,000 GRT.
Slide 28
 Oil Pollution Prevention - E/R
• Requirements to transferring system ;

− Where the bilge separator pump is arranged for automatic start

The oil content detecting device must initiate automatic stop of

overboard discharge when the oil content exceeds 15ppm.

Slide 29
 SHOPE CONNECTION
(P) SHORE CONNECTION
(S)

OILY WATER SEPARATOR

WITH PUMP TO INCINERATOR
WO TANK

FW
SUPPLY

SLUDGE PUMP
E/R BILGE PUMP
FROM SLUDGE/DRAIN
DRAIN TANKS
FROM
MISCL. TK
E/R BILGE
E/R SLUDGE DRAINS
DRAINS

LAH LAH

BILGE HOLDING TANK FROM E/R

BILGE WELLS
SEPARATED BILGE OIL TANK

Slide 30
 Bilge System - E/R

• References ;

− SOLAS 1974 as amended Ch.II-1 Part B Reg. 21

− DNV Rules for Ships Pt.4 Ch.6 Sec.4

− International Convention on Load Lines 1966

Slide 31
 Oil Pollution Prevention - E/R

• Reference;

- DNV Rules for Ships Pt.4 Ch.6 Sec.4M

- MARPOL 73/78 as amended Annex I

- IMO resolution MEPC 107 (49)

Slide 32
 • Case 1 : Please review the design below and present your
comments, if any.
SHOPE CONNECTION
(P) SHORE CONNECTION
(S)

OILY WATER SEPARATOR

WITH PUMP TO INCINERATOR
WO TANK

FW
SUPPLY

SLUDGE PUMP
E/R BILGE PUMP
FROM SLUDGE/DRAIN
DRAIN TANKS
FROM
MISCL. TK
E/R BILGE
E/R SLUDGE DRAINS
DRAINS

LAH LAH

BILGE HOLDING TANK FROM E/R

BILGE WELLS
Slide 33 SEPARATED BILGE OIL TANK
 Oil Pollution Prevention - E/R
• Case 2 : Please calculate the required capacity for the oil
residue/sludge tank(s) given that ;

1. HFO is purified for M/E use.

2. The vessel will have no restricted service notation.

3.The vessel is fitted with sludge incinerator.

4. Daily M/E fuel consumption is 200m³.

Slide 34