UNI T

11 Careers

Mira Nakashima, a designer

and woodworker, in New Hope,
Pennsylvania

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 Look at the photo and 1 What is the person in the 2 What knowledge and skills
answer the questions: photo doing? Why?   does this person have?

UNIT 11 GOALS
A. Discuss Career Choices

B. Ask and Answer Job-Related

Questions

C. Talk about Career Planning

D. Explain New Careers

E. Create a Personal Profile

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 D
A GOAL  Discuss Career Choices
Vocabulary
A   53 Listen to a conversation between a high school senior and a career advisor.
What does Marcy do at the hospital?

B   53 Listen again. Then, fill in the blanks in Ms. Carter’s notes below with the
words in the box.

assistant boss employee experience

owner qualifications training volunteer

• M
 arcy has some work
(1)  . She went
through a (2)
program to become a family
(3) at the hospital.
It’s (4) work, so
Marcy doesn’t get paid.
• M
 arcy would like to be a business
(5)  , but she
doesn’t have the necessary
(6) yet.
• I explained that she could start as an
(7) at a business.
Later, perhaps, she can be the
(8) when she has
her own business.

This modern,
C Complete each sentence with a word from B.
open-concept
office space 1. An works for an employer.
encourages
collaboration, 2. If you do work, you don’t get paid.
creativity, and 3. In a program, you learn how to do something.
innovation.
4. If you are the of a company, it is your company.
5. An helps you.
I think she should
study more.
D In pairs, discuss what you think Marcy should do to prepare for her future. What
degrees or training should she get?
Yes, she should
get a degree E MY WORLD  In pairs, talk about the education or experience that you have. Use
in business the information in the box to help you.
administration.
bachelor’s degree extracurricular activities
vocational degree volunteer work

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 Grammar
Modals for Giving Advice
We use should + verb to say that something You should choose a career that fits your personality.
is (or isn’t) a good idea. You shouldn’t apply for an office job if you don’t like to be
inside all day.

Use had better to say that something bad You had better prepare well for your interview.
could happen if the advice isn’t followed. He’d better practice his English before he goes.

Use maybe, perhaps, or I think with modals to Maybe you should become a health-care worker.
make the advice sound gentler and friendlier.

F Complete the sentences with an advice modal. Use a negative form when
necessary.
1. You listen to your boss!
2. Juan finish the course so he can get his degree.
3. The employees leave early when the boss isn’t there.
4. Perhaps you look for a job as an assistant first.
5. Martha do the training program if she’s not interested in the job.

G Complete the sentences in pairs. Use your own ideas.

Career Advice
• If you want to become a successful business owner, you should , but you
shouldn’t .
• If you want to get a degree, you had better .
• You should if you want to get some work experience. Good luck!

H Read one of the problems out loud to a partner. Your partner will give you friendly
advice using maybe, perhaps, or I think.
1. I don’t know what career to choose. 4. My job doesn’t pay very well.
2. I don’t have any experience. 5. My job application was rejected.
3. I want to get a better job. 6. I need an assistant to help me at work.

GOAL CHECK  Discuss Career Choices App developer

1. Look at the careers in the box. What training, experience, and other Computer systems analyst
qualifications are needed for each career? Choose three and write Health services manager
notes.
Market research analyst
2. In pairs, discuss each career.
Physical therapist
3. Would you choose any of these careers? Why?
Sales representative

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 B
D GOAL  Ask and Answer Job-Related Questions
Listening
A   54  Listen to an interview with a restaurant owner. Why did he start his own
business?

B  54  Listen again and answer the questions.

1. When did Mr. Sangumram open the New Thailand restaurant?
2. Who is the cook at the restaurant?
3. What kind of food is served at the restaurant?
4. How far from the owner’s home is the restaurant?
5. How many employees work at the restaurant?
6. What does Mr. Sangumram’s wife do for a living?

C   What makes a good job? Rank the following from 1 (most important) to 6 (least
important). Share your answers in pairs.
amount of vacation time distance from home

wage or salary level long-term employment

working alone or with others interesting job duties

Thai restaurant D   MY WORLD  Do you have a job at the moment? Have you had a job in the
cook working in past? Tell a partner about your job(s).
a restaurant

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 PRONUNCIATION: Intonation in Questions
In yes/no questions, the speaker’s voice rises on the last content word.

Does your wife work with you at the restaurant?

In questions with wh- words, the speaker’s voice rises on the first content word and falls
on the last content word.

When did you open this wonderful restaurant?

E   55 Listen and repeat the questions. Then, ask and answer them
in pairs.
1. What do Mr. Sangumram’s children do?
2. Does his wife work at the restaurant?
3. What does his nephew do?
Diving Instructor:
4. Does the restaurant serve Chinese food?
Understands and teaches
5. Where do Mr. and Mrs. Sangumram live?
the use of scuba equipment.
6. Does Mr. Sangumram enjoy his job? Works outdoors.
Should be a strong swimmer.
Communication Salary varies by season.
F   When you are looking for a job, what do you want to know? Write a Commercial Pilot:
question for each one.
Knows about airplane
mechanics, weather, radio
What I want to know about: Questions I can ask:
communication.
Salary Works long hours.
Training opportunities Often far away from home.
Market Research Analyst:
Vacation time
Should be interested in
Travel opportunities psychology and behavior.

Hours Works under pressure.

Should have strong
organizational and
G   Read the job profiles in the box. Choose one that you are interested in.
communication skills.
Tell a partner why you chose that job.

GOAL CHECK 
Ask and Answer Job-Related Questions
Join another pair and ask and answer each other’s questions in F about the different
jobs.

What qualifications should a Well, a degree in communications

market research analyst have? or business administration is useful.

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 C GOAL  Talk about Career Planning

Language Expansion: Participial Adjectives

A Read the article. What are the noun forms of the words in blue?

A. J. Coston isn’t waiting to start his dream job. At age 18, he’s a
weekend volunteer firefighter in the United States. During the week, he
lives at home with his mom, dad, and sister, and does his main job: going
to high school. “I have always wanted to get into firefighting... since I was a
little kid watching fire trucks go by,” he says. “One day I was bored and on
the internet, and I found out that Loudoun County offered a junior firefighter
program.”
Some of A. J.’s friends are surprised by his decision to spend weekends
at the firehouse, but to A. J., helping people is more satisfying than anything
else. The job is never boring, either, since firefighters get called to all sorts
of emergencies. One terrifying moment for A. J. was getting an emergency
call after four children were struck by lightning. Luckily, all four survived.
A. J. will be off to college next fall, and plans to study what he’s most
interested in: emergency medical care. “I want to be a flight medic on a
helicopter eventually,” he says.

Flight medics
prepare for takeoff. B For each participial adjective in blue above, decide whether it describes
(1) someone’s feelings or (2) something that causes a certain feeling.
1. Describes someone’s feelings:
2. Describes what causes the feeling:

Grammar
Indefinite Pronouns
Pronouns refer to specified nouns. My boss should hire an assistant.
She has too much work.

Indefinite pronouns refer to unspecified nouns. Somebody / Someone has applied for the job.
(I don’t know who applied.)

Indefinite pronouns always take the singular form of a verb. Has anybody / anyone met the new assistant?
Use anybody / anyone for questions and negative He doesn’t know anybody / anyone at his new
statements. workplace.
Use nobody / no one to refer to not a single person from Nobody / No one has met him yet.
a group. Everybody / Everyone wants to meet him.
Use everybody / everyone to refer to all of a group of people.

For places and things, use somewhere / something, If you want to get a job, you should do
anywhere / anything, nowhere / nothing, everywhere / something to get some volunteer experience.
everything. Work experience is required everywhere.

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 C Circle the correct indefinite pronoun.
1. Does anybody / anything want to do this training program?
2. Somebody / Something said the course was boring, but I think it looks interesting.
3. Anyone / Everyone is satisfied with the salary increase. No one / Everyone
complained; they are all happy about it.
4. Is anyone / anywhere going to the meeting?
5. Is something / everything ready for the presentation? It starts in 5 minutes!

D Underline the indefinite pronoun and write the correct form of the verb in parentheses.
1. It’s difficult to choose someone for the job because everyone
strong skills and experience. (have)
2. When you are applying for a job, everything important. (be)
3. Somebody information about the training program. Can you tell
them about it? (want)
4. Nobody the new online system; everybody it is
very confusing. (like, think)

Conversation
E  56  Listen to the conversation. What is the man planning to do? SPEAKING STRATEGY
Sam: What do you want to do when you finish school? Notice Sam’s
question: What about
Isabel: I’m not sure. What are you planning to do? you? We use this
Sam: I want to do a training program somebody told me about. question to turn the
 I’ll learn about web design and app development, then I’ll be able to conversation to the
other person.
get a job in that area.
That sounds cool. You should definitely do it.
Isabel: 
Sam:  I know, but what about you? Have you asked anybody for advice
about career planning?
Isabel: No... I should talk to someone, right?
Sam:  Maybe you should talk to the career advisor at school.
Isabel: OK, I’ll start planning, I promise!

GOAL CHECK  Talk about Career Planning

1. What kind of career would be interesting and satisfying to you? Why? Write
down some ideas and your reasons.
2. Answer the questions about your career choice. Write notes. Then, talk in
pairs about your career planning.
• How can you plan for this career?
• What should you do in preparation?
• Has anybody given you any advice?
• Is there anything you can do to get experience?

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 D GOAL  Explain New Careers
Reading Changing
A Which industries do you think are going to grow
most in the next ten years? Discuss in pairs. Careers
education engineering manufacturing As technology grows, job profiles change.
medicine technology Consequently, the skills you need are
changing and new careers are opening up. In
B Scan the article and choose the best option for the past, people used to prepare for a career
the main idea. that would lead to a job for life, but now we
need to be able to adapt to change.
a. Job duties are changing.
So, how can we plan our careers? What
b. Adaptability, innovation, and creativity are
new career choices can we make? First of
important for getting a job.
all, it is important to be adaptable. Job duties
c. New careers are developing. are changing, so we need to be able to learn
d. Innovation and creativity are important in new skills. We also need to be innovative and
technology. creative. This means we need to have new,
interesting ideas and think of different ways
C Read the article. Complete the ideas. to do things because that’s what employers
1. We need to learn new skills because are looking for. They want employees who
. can think outside the box and help their
companies face the new challenges of the
2. Innovative means that digital age.
.
3. Social and environmental issues are
.
4. Travel vloggers
.
5. Digital skills .

GOAL CHECK  Young man applies his skills while

working on a sound mixing desk in
1. Choose a career from the box and answer the
a recording studio.
questions. Write notes.

data scientist media specialist

social media manager  user experience designer

• What do you think this career involves?

• What specific skills would you need?
• Why do you need to be adaptable, innovative,
and creative for this career?
2. Talk about the different careers in groups.

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 However, it is not only employers who are For example, you could connect your interest in
looking for different skills; future employees are technology to your interest in environmental issues
also looking for different things. Many young people and design an app to help people create a car pool
are worried about social and environmental issues, system at their workplace.
and they want a career that will help them make
For a travel vlogger, traveling the world
the world a better place. So, they are looking for
is part of the job, but you need to be creative
companies that also care about change and social
too, because the other part of the job is to take
responsibility. They are also looking for flexibility
photos, make videos, and write interesting texts
and opportunities to be creative. They don’t want
about your travels. Companies in the travel and
a boring job where they will be sitting at a desk in
tourism industry will pay to use your vlog as part
an office all day, every day. They want challenging
of their marketing. However, this career is also an
careers where they’ll be doing different things in
opportunity to work for the issues you’re interested
different places.
in. Photographers who travel the world taking
So what kind of innovative, exciting careers are photos of nature can use vlogging to help people
there for these new generations? App developer, understand conservation issues.
social media manager, travel vlogger, user
We’ve just looked at two new areas here,
experience designer, data scientist, and video and
but from them we can see that job profiles are
media specialist are some of them.
changing, and new careers are developing. So,
Let’s take a look at a couple of these careers. if you’re planning your career, or thinking about
What does it take to be an app developer? changing careers, remember the importance of
Obviously, you need to be innovative and creative, being adaptable, innovative, and creative, and the
and understand programming and mobile possibilities for taking advantage of your digital
platforms, but what might make you stand out? skills.
adapt change your way of doing things for a new situation
think outside the box think imaginatively, to find unexpected
or creative solutions
stand out be noticed as better than others
car pool a group of people take turns driving so they only use
one car to travel to work
marketing what a company does to try to convince people to
buy its products or services

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 E GOAL  Create a Personal Profile
GOAL
Communication
A   Why do people decide to change careers? Write a list of possible reasons.

B   You have decided you want to change careers. Write notes about your decision.
Use the questions to help you.
• What is your current job?
• Why do you want to change careers?
• What ideas do you have for a new career?
• What should you do to prepare for this career change?

C   Give a partner advice about changing careers. Use should and had better.

Why do you want I’m bored of doing the same Maybe you should look for
Soyoung Lee is
to change careers? thing every day. My job isn’t something that is more exciting.
the curator of
satisfying. I need a change. Do you know anyone in the
the Metropolitan
tourism industry? You had better ...
Museum’s
department of Asian
Art in New York.

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 Writing
D   Circle the correct words to complete the text.

Sometimes people decide to change careers because they don’t feel

(1) challenging / challenged. Often, they have been doing the same job
for many years and it has become (2) boring / bored. And let’s be honest,
(3) nobody / anybody wants to continue in a job that isn’t (4) satisfying /
satisfied. That’s when you should look for (5) something / someone new
and more (6) exciting / excited. (7) Everybody / Anybody has skills and
knowledge that will help them start a new job or career. Before you start
applying for different jobs, one of the things you (8) should / shouldn’t do
is write your personal profile for your resume. This is a short paragraph—it
(9) should / shouldn’t be more than 100 words—that says who you are,
what experience and skills you have, and your career goals.
º

E   Complete the personal profile with the words in the box.

challenging  digital  innovative  interested  manager  marketing

I am a (1) graduate specializing in social media marketing. I WRITING STRATEGY

have significant experience with tour companies and hotels, and have developed A personal profile
should include three
my design and (2) skills through these marketing projects. things:
1. Who you are
I’m (3) in finding a (4) position as a (I am a marketing
social media (5) where I can use my creativity to develop graduate
specializing in...)
(6)  ways of using social media for the company’s growth. 2. What you can offer
the company (I
F   Answer these questions in your notebook. have significant
experience with...)
1. Are you a recent graduate / technician / office worker / engineer / ? 3. Your professional
goals (I’m
2. What qualifications, training, and experience do you have?
interested in finding
3. What other skills do you have? a challenging
position...)
4. What kind of position (job) are you looking for?

G   Use your notes in F to write your personal profile. Use the model in E to help you.

GOAL CHECK  Create a Personal Profile

1. In small groups, share your profiles.
I am a social media influencer
2. Are the profiles interesting? with over 9,000 followers. Wow! I had no idea!

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 VIDEO JOURNAL

JOEL SARTORE:
THE PHOTO ARK

A In pairs, discuss what you think are the 3. Now Joel is working on a
advantages or disadvantages of being a called The Photo Ark.
photographer. Do you think a photographer’s 4. Joel’s portraits give animals of different sizes
work is easy or difficult? Why? What makes you an voice; there is no
remember a photo? comparison.
B Match the words to their meanings. Write the 5. Joel’s conservation heroes are people with
letter. and .

1. portrait a. something behind 6. Joel doesn’t think about the world in

something else years; he thinks about it
.
2. extinct b. no longer in existence
E Discuss the questions in pairs.
3. conservation c. a group of 12
1. How do you feel looking at the portraits of
4. dozen d. a painting or photograph
animals that are now extinct?
of someone posing
2. Why does Joel think about the world today
5. species e. a group of living things;
instead of in fifty years?
a type, a category
F Research a National Geographic explorer in pairs.
6. background f. protection, especially
of nature • Name

C Watch the video. Answer the questions. • Nationality

1. Write five animals you see. • Area of interest

• Where have they explored?
2. Does Joel only take pictures of animals? • Years with the National Geographic Society
• What does it take to be a National
3. Which pictures are the most important to him?
Geographic explorer?
G Present your explorer to the class.
D Watch the video again. Complete the information.
1. Joel has worked with National Geographic
for over .
2. Joel started taking pictures in
.

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