1.
4037 Chromium martensitic stainless steel
X65Cr13 C 0.58 – 0.70 Cr 12.50 – 14.50 S max. 0.015
General comments 1.4037 is characterised by its high hardenability in conjunction with good corrosion resistance
in moderately corrosive environments. Due to its higher carbon content, 1.4037 is more
hardenable than 1.4034. It is used in the quenched and tempered condition and due to its
high hardness, it is ideally suited for the production of cutting tools of all sorts and surgical
implements.
Relevant current EN 10088-3 1.4037 X65Cr13
and obsolete DIN 17440 1.4037
standards SEW 400 X65Cr13
Special grades wire drawing grade
for particular fine wire drawing grade
applications
General properties corrosion resistance average
mechanical properties excellent
forgeability good
weldability with care
machinability poor
Special properties ferromagnetic grade
hardenable to 60 HRC
Physical properties density (kg/dm3) 7.70
electrical resistivity at 20 °C (Ω mm2/m) 0.55
magnetizability yes
thermal conductivity at 20 °C (W/m K) 30
specific heat capacity at 20 °C (J/kg K) 460
thermal expansion (K-1) 20 – 100 °C: 10.5 x 10-6
20 – 200 °C: 11.0 x 10-6
20 – 300 °C: 11.5 x 10-6
20 – 400 °C: 12.0 x 10-6
Typical applications medical and pharmaceutical industry
mechanical engineering
cutlery, blade and tool industry
bearings
Processing automated machining seldom
properties machinable yes
hammer and die forging seldom
cold forming yes
cold heading not common
suited to polishing yes
Conditions annealed, tempered
Demand tendency constant
Corrosion Good corrosion resistance in moderately corrosive environments that are free of chlorides,
resistance such as soaps, detergents and organic acids. Good resistance to water and steam. 1.4037 is
(PRE = 12.5 – 14.5) not resistant to intergranular corrosion in the as-delivered or as-welded conditions. Due to the
precipitation of chromium carbides and the formation of chromium depleted regions adjacent
to these precipitates, 1.4037 should not be used in the soft annealed or over tempered conditions
if corrosion resistance is an issue. Optimal corrosion resistance is thus achieved in the hardened
condition with a polished surface finish.
1.4037
X65Cr13 C 0.58 – 0.70 Cr 12.50 – 14.50 S max. 0.015
Heat treatment 1.4037 can be soft annealed by holding at a temperature in the range 750 to 850 °C followed
and mechanical by slow cooling in an oven or in air. In this condition, the following mechanical properties can
properties be expected:
Property Specification
tensile strength (N/mm2) Rm ≤ 800
hardness HB ≤ 245
The mechanical properties (d ≥ 160 mm) have to be agreed on for thicker dimensions, or the
delivered product is based on the values given.
Note: the HB values could be 60 units higher and the tensile strengths 150 N/mm2 higher due
to cold work during straightening of profiles ≤ 35 mm.
Due to the high hardenability of 1.4037, care must be taken to ensure that the tempering
treatment is performed as soon as possible after the hardening treatment, whilst ensuring
that the component has cooled to room temperature (to ensure that complete transformation
to martensite has occurred).
After hardening and stress relieving at 200 °C, the hardness should not exceed 60 HRC.
Welding Although 1.4037 is generally not welded, it can be soldered in some instances.
Forging Gradual heating to a temperature of about 800 °C is recommended prior to more rapid heating
to a temperature of between 1150 °C and 1180 °C. Forging then takes place between 1180 °C –
950 °C followed by slow cooling in an oven or in dry ash or similar material to promote slow
cooling.
Machining The machinability of this grade of stainless steel is directly related to its hardness. 1.4037
machines similar to carbon steels of the same hardness. Although it must be realised that the
machining parameters will vary depending on the structure/hardness of the steel, the following
parameters can be used as a guideline when machining with coated hardmetal tools:
Depth of cut (mm) 6 3 1
Feed rate (mm/r) 0.5 0.4 0.2
Annealed Cutting speed
Rm 700 – 850 N/mm2 (m/min) 115 140 160
DEUTSCHE EDELSTAHLWERKE GMBH
Auestraße 4 Tel. +49 2302 29 0
58452 Witten Fax +49 2302 29 4000
www.dew-stahl.com stainless@dew-stahl.com
Revision-No. 4037-1 Created: 01.08.07 No responsibility is taken for the correctness of this information.
